青海(hai)洮河(he)(he)(he)源(yuan)(yuan)國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園位于(yu)河(he)(he)(he)南縣賽(sai)爾龍鄉中部,總(zong)面積(ji)383.93平方公(gong)里(li),濕(shi)地(di)面積(ji)為(wei)(wei)13820公(gong)頃,占全區總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)36%。洮河(he)(he)(he)(上游藏名碌曲(qu))為(wei)(wei)黃(huang)河(he)(he)(he)一級支流(liu),發源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)境內東南部李恰如山與莫爾藏阿米(mi)山之間的(de)代富桑溝,源(yuan)(yuan)頭海(hai)拔3700米(mi)。濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園境內流(liu)程23.50公(gong)里(li),河(he)(he)(he)段落差400米(mi)。洮河(he)(he)(he)源(yuan)(yuan)濕(shi)地(di)區可劃分(fen)為(wei)(wei)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)濕(shi)地(di)和沼(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)濕(shi)地(di)2類,包括:永久性(xing)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)、季節性(xing)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu),沼(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)化(hua)草甸、蘚類沼(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、草本沼(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)和灌叢沼(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)等6型。洮河(he)(he)(he)源(yuan)(yuan)濕(shi)地(di)是青藏高(gao)原高(gao)寒濕(shi)地(di)生(sheng)態系統的(de)典型代表(biao)。公(gong)園內野生(sheng)動植物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富,擁有(you)高(gao)等植物(wu)(wu)324種(zhong)(zhong),野生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)191種(zhong)(zhong),其中:有(you)2種(zhong)(zhong)國家(jia)Ⅰ級保(bao)護野生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)黑(hei)頸(jing)鶴(he)、金雕(diao);有(you)11種(zhong)(zhong)國家(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)護野生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)天鵝(e)、鳶、雀鷹等;有(you)15種(zhong)(zhong)省級重點保(bao)護野生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)艾虎、普通鸕鶿、灰(hui)雁等;而且每年有(you)大(da)(da)量的(de)白鶴(he)、鷺鷥(si)等珍(zhen)禽來此棲息。
洮河(he)(he)源國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園位于賽(sai)爾龍鄉境(jing)內(nei),東鄰甘肅省碌曲縣,西(xi)接(jie)優干寧鎮,南倚托(tuo)葉瑪鄉、柯生鄉,北(bei)靠甘肅省夏河(he)(he)縣,地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)總體是東南高(gao)、西(xi)北(bei)低,大(da)部分地(di)(di)(di)(di)區海拔(ba)均在(zai)3500米以(yi)上。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園規劃面積38393公頃,區域內(nei)有(you)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)、草甸(dian)(dian)、高(gao)山、冰川、森林、草原(yuan),濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)總面積為(wei)(wei)(wei)13820公頃,濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)率達36%。氣候(hou)類型(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)高(gao)原(yuan)大(da)陸(lu)性(xing)氣候(hou),屬(shu)(shu)高(gao)原(yuan)亞(ya)寒帶濕(shi)(shi)(shi)潤氣候(hou)區,年均降水量597.1~615.5毫米。是黃河(he)(he)第二大(da)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)洮河(he)(he)的發源地(di)(di)(di)(di),平均流(liu)(liu)量13.10立方米/秒,在(zai)公園內(nei)流(liu)(liu)程為(wei)(wei)(wei)23.5公里。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園植(zhi)被以(yi)高(gao)山草甸(dian)(dian)、沼(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)植(zhi)被為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu),有(you)高(gao)等植(zhi)物332種,隸屬(shu)(shu)45科(ke)(ke),124屬(shu)(shu),野生動(dong)物197種,隸屬(shu)(shu)21目(mu),45科(ke)(ke)。國(guo)家Ⅰ級保護野生動(dong)物11種。洮河(he)(he)源濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)2類6型(xing),即河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和沼(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)類包括永久(jiu)性(xing)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和季節性(xing)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di);沼(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)類包括沼(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)化草甸(dian)(dian)、蘚類沼(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、草本沼(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、灌(guan)叢(cong)沼(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)。青海洮河(he)(he)源國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園自申請國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園試點(dian)以(yi)來,經(jing)多方籌措資(zi)金,實施了(le)一(yi)系列生態(tai)恢復和保護項目(mu),總投(tou)資(zi)達5711.73萬元。目(mu)前項目(mu)已基本完(wan)成,公園內(nei)公路、通(tong)訊暢通(tong),設有(you)界樁、導覽圖、各類標識等,基礎設施齊全,達到了(le)預期建設效果。