石海洞鄉
全(quan)縣石林七處,占地40平(ping)方公(gong)里(li),其中一(yi)個鄉即(ji)達14平(ping)方公(gong)里(li),被譽為“石海洞鄉”。拔(ba)地而起的(de)(de)石林,有(you)的(de)(de)像巨大的(de)(de)蘑(mo)菇;有(you)的(de)(de)像熾熱的(de)(de)火炬;有(you)的(de)(de)像攜手游(you)玩(wan)的(de)(de)情侶;有(you)的(de)(de)像竊(qie)竊(qie)私語的(de)(de)夫妻。組成了(le)一(yi)幅(fu)美(mei)麗的(de)(de)大自然(ran)風景畫。
景點簡介
飛瀑與溶蝕峽谷
地(di)表(biao)石海在僰(bo)王山園區的(de)飛霧洞景點,上落水(shui)(shui)與(yu)下(xia)落水(shui)(shui)飛瀑為國內外少見的(de)侵(qin)蝕型漏斗瀑布,落差(cha)達百余米。飛霧洞同時集中了峽(xia)(xia)谷(gu)、天生(sheng)橋(qiao)、天窗、重力(li)崩塌堆積、地(di)下(xia)暗河(he)等多種地(di)質遺跡景觀。這(zhe)里(li)還分布著規模(mo)不(bu)等的(de)峽(xia)(xia)谷(gu)地(di)貌,這(zhe)是因地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)沿構(gou)造(zao)裂隙持續(xu)地(di)作用,與(yu)新構(gou)造(zao)運動(dong)抬升相結(jie)合而(er)形成的(de)。以(yi)地(di)表(biao)流水(shui)(shui)作用為主形成的(de)峽(xia)(xia)谷(gu)呈(cheng)“V”形,由地(di)下(xia)巖溶作用以(yi)及重力(li)作用形成的(de)峽(xia)(xia)谷(gu)為“一線天”形。在這(zhe)里(li),峽(xia)(xia)谷(gu)、瀑布伴生(sheng)發育,掩映于僰(bo)王茫茫的(de)楠竹(zhu)林海之中,氣(qi)勢磅礴,令人心曠神(shen)怡。
溶洞
小巖灣(wan)園區著名(ming)的溶(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)為天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)泉(quan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)獅洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)泉(quan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)又名(ming)袁家(jia)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模巨大(da),主(zhu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)及大(da)小支洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)總長(chang)(chang)約4.2km,總容積約270萬m3。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)結構可簡單歸納為多層(ceng)次樹枝狀洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue),由下(xia)而上(shang)分為四層(ceng),可分別作為旅游參觀和旅游探險之用(yong)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)獅洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)原名(ming)豬槽井,屬天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)泉(quan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)群,其洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模僅次于天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)泉(quan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。地(di)下(xia)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)延伸并在(zai)大(da)漏斗出露,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)底(di)距地(di)面(mian)約250m。整個(ge)(ge)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)系(xi)統全(quan)長(chang)(chang)8400m,體積216萬m3,是(shi)目(mu)前全(quan)國(guo)十大(da)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)中最長(chang)(chang)的洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)道(dao)之一。該洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模大(da),空氣好,化學沉積物分布豐富,全(quan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有20個(ge)(ge)廳(ting)堂和13個(ge)(ge)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)窗。陽光從天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)窗射入,使洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內水霧繚繞、撲朔迷離,如晨曦初現,人置其間,仿(fang)佛進(jin)入一個(ge)(ge)神奇奧(ao)秘(mi)的世界。
天坑
在(zai)(zai)石林鎮東(dong)側,有一(yi)(yi)個(ge)巨大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)坑(keng)(小巖(yan)灣(wan)天(tian)(tian)坑(keng)),在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)質上(shang)被(bei)稱為漏(lou)斗。這個(ge)龐然大(da)(da)物東(dong)西長(chang)650m、寬490m,直徑550m,高208m,呈橢圓形,其勢如刀劈(pi)斧(fu)砍,四(si)面(mian)絕壁,底部為塌(ta)陷松散堆積地(di)(di)貌,整(zheng)體猶(you)如一(yi)(yi)個(ge)漏(lou)斗狀,形態(tai)完(wan)整(zheng),其規(gui)模位居世界巖(yan)溶漏(lou)斗前列。在(zai)(zai)漏(lou)斗錐形絕壁中間,有一(yi)(yi)環(huan)繞漏(lou)斗的(de)(de)(de)游(you)覽環(huan)線,沿途有“滴水成仙”、“削(xue)壁回音(yin)”、“通(tong)天(tian)(tian)洞(dong)”、“天(tian)(tian)盆寺”、“紅(hong)軍巖(yan)”等風景(jing)點,與漏(lou)斗一(yi)(yi)起組成一(yi)(yi)副大(da)(da)自然的(de)(de)(de)美麗畫(hua)卷。這個(ge)天(tian)(tian)坑(keng)原(yuan)是由一(yi)(yi)個(ge)或幾個(ge)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)下洞(dong)穴在(zai)(zai)長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)溶和重力作用下,其頂部塌(ta)陷而暴露于地(di)(di)表,后(hou)經長(chang)期地(di)(di)表流水作用和地(di)(di)表巖(yan)溶的(de)(de)(de)綜合作用不(bu)斷改造而成。
石海和石林
所謂石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海,其實(shi)是(shi)由一個個石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)連貫而(er)成。小(xiao)(xiao)巖灣園區的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)最為典型,面(mian)積2.2km2,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)表(biao)面(mian)平滑,蜿(wan)蜒起伏(fu),高1.5m左右,形成茫(mang)茫(mang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(小(xiao)(xiao)巖灣石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya))。說到這(zhe)里,不(bu)得(de)不(bu)說說石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)的(de)(de)形成原理。當地(di)表(biao)水沿地(di)面(mian)的(de)(de)裂隙滲流時(shi),可(ke)將(jiang)地(di)面(mian)裂隙溶蝕和沖蝕成規(gui)模不(bu)等(deng)的(de)(de)溝(gou)槽,稱為溶溝(gou)。在縱橫交錯(cuo)的(de)(de)溶溝(gou)之間(jian)殘存的(de)(de)芽(ya)狀(zhuang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)脊,便(bian)稱為石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)。在特殊的(de)(de)構造和雨水條件下,有時(shi)可(ke)形成高達數(shu)十米(mi)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya)。遠(yuan)(yuan)觀石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)芽(ya),似排排涌浪,波(bo)狀(zhuang)起伏(fu),如同(tong)凝固的(de)(de)波(bo)濤,故(gu)名(ming)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海。遠(yuan)(yuan)眺興文石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海地(di)質公園博物館,如同(tong)一艘巨(ju)輪,緩(huan)緩(huan)航行(xing)在茫(mang)茫(mang)的(de)(de)波(bo)濤之中。
相關信息
興(xing)文(wen)縣有大小溶洞(dong)(dong)一(yi)百多個,尤以“天泉(quan)洞(dong)(dong)”最壯觀,它以奇、廣、深為特點。洞(dong)(dong)口大廳,寬60米,高30米,面積(ji)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超過(guo)一(yi)個足球場,可(ke)容萬人以上(shang)。洞(dong)(dong)口分五(wu)層,是近兩百萬年來地(di)(di)克發生的五(wu)次間歇性抬升,從洞(dong)(dong)口頂最高處(chu)至最地(di)(di)處(chu)陰(yin)河面相差180米,是洞(dong)(dong)穴考察和地(di)(di)質研究的好去處(chu)。洞(dong)(dong)內景觀萬千,妙不可(ke)言。
蜀(shu)南(nan)竹海天泉洞后(hou)洞口是(shi)一個巨(ju)大的漏斗,上(shang)部(bu)份(fen)是(shi)90度的懸崖絕(jue)壁,如刀削斧劈。長徑650米,短徑490米,深208米。是(shi)世界上(shang)最大的漏斗。
世界地質(zhi)公園---四川宜賓興(xing)文。五億(yi)年的地質(zhi)運動孕育了神奇(qi)的石海:“地球特大天坑(keng)”、“亞洲最大石海”、“中國(guo)游(you)覽面積最大溶(rong)洞”、“天下(xia)第一石虎(hu)”,四絕(jue)薈萃,神奇(qi)絕(jue)世,被地質(zhi)學家喻為“興(xing)文式”喀(ka)斯特地貌王宮
1983年12月,時任中共中央總書記胡耀邦視察興文石海后,欣然揮筆題詞:“天下奇觀”。