設立背景
中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)影(ying)金(jin)雞(ji)(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)大(da)陸(lu)最(zui)權威(wei)、最(zui)專業的電(dian)(dian)影(ying)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。百花(hua)(hua)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、金(jin)雞(ji)(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、華(hua)表(biao)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一起并(bing)稱中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)影(ying)三大(da)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang):百花(hua)(hua)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是(shi)觀(guan)眾(zhong)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),金(jin)雞(ji)(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是(shi)專家獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),華(hua)表(biao)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是(shi)政(zheng)府獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),這(zhe)三個獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是(shi)經中(zhong)共中(zhong)央批準(zhun)的三項(xiang)常設(she)全(quan)國(guo)性文藝大(da)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。這(zhe)三個獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)分(fen)別代(dai)表(biao)最(zui)高(gao)觀(guan)眾(zhong)認可、最(zui)高(gao)藝術水準(zhun)、最(zui)高(gao)政(zheng)府鼓勵的三大(da)電(dian)(dian)影(ying)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)項(xiang)。此(ci)外,中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)影(ying)金(jin)雞(ji)(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)與香(xiang)港電(dian)(dian)影(ying)金(jin)像獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、臺(tai)灣電(dian)(dian)影(ying)金(jin)馬(ma)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)并(bing)稱華(hua)語(yu)電(dian)(dian)影(ying)最(zui)高(gao)成就(jiu)三大(da)獎(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。
金(jin)雞(ji)獎誕生于1981年(nian)(杭州是第一屆金(jin)雞(ji)獎舉(ju)辦地,當(dang)(dang)時還沒有金(jin)雞(ji)百花電影節),因(yin)當(dang)(dang)年(nian)屬(shu)中國農(nong)歷雞(ji)年(nian),故取(qu)名中國電影金(jin)雞(ji)獎,以金(jin)雞(ji)啼鳴并激勵(li)電影工作(zuo)者聞雞(ji)起(qi)舞(wu)。
1992年(nian)(nian),應廣大電影(ying)工作者的熱切(qie)要求,代表專家意見(jian)的金雞(ji)(ji)獎(jiang)和代表觀(guan)眾意見(jian)的百花(hua)(hua)獎(jiang)合二為一(yi),簡(jian)稱中國金雞(ji)(ji)百花(hua)(hua)電影(ying)節,以“金雞(ji)(ji)啼(ti)曉”象征“百花(hua)(hua)齊放”,年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)舉(ju)辦。自2005年(nian)(nian)起,金雞(ji)(ji)獎(jiang)與(yu)百花(hua)(hua)獎(jiang)隔年(nian)(nian)評選一(yi)次。
評選宗旨
中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)影金雞獎的評(ping)獎宗(zong)旨和評(ping)獎風格金雞獎的評(ping)獎宗(zong)旨是:
學術、爭鳴(ming)、民主
六親不認(ren),只(zhi)認(ren)作(zuo)品(pin)
八面來(lai)風,自己掌舵(duo)
不抱(bao)成見(jian),從(cong)善如流
充(chong)分協(xie)商(shang),顧(gu)全大局
獎杯介紹
金雞(ji)獎獎杯為(wei)銅質鍍金金雞(ji),以金雞(ji)啼(ti)曉并鼓(gu)勵電影工(gong)作者聞(wen)雞(ji)起舞(wu)。獎杯為(wei)一尊引頸(jing)高唱(chang)的金雞(ji)。
中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)影協將這一(yi)專(zhuan)業性評(ping)(ping)獎(jiang)(jiang)命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“金雞(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)”,名(ming)(ming)稱來(lai)(lai)源于葉挺將軍親屬收藏(zang)的周(zhou)恩來(lai)(lai)總理四十(shi)年代(20世紀(ji))題(ti)寫的一(yi)件墨寶,其中(zhong)(zhong)有“聞雞(ji)起舞”四個字,仿佛周(zhou)總理冥(ming)冥(ming)之中(zhong)(zhong)關注著(zhu)此獎(jiang)(jiang)項(xiang)的創辦。為(wei)(wei)了表達對周(zhou)總理的懷念(nian)和(he)敬意,《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)影金雞(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)評(ping)(ping)獎(jiang)(jiang)條例》第二條對這次評(ping)(ping)獎(jiang)(jiang)予以(yi)命名(ming)(ming):“鑒于本評(ping)(ping)獎(jiang)(jiang)從農(nong)歷雞(ji)年開始(shi)舉辦,并以(yi)金雞(ji)啼曉象征百家爭鳴,激勵電(dian)(dian)影工作者聞雞(ji)起舞,為(wei)(wei)繁榮和(he)發展(zhan)我國(guo)(guo)社會主義電(dian)(dian)影創作而奮發前進(jin),特定名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)影金雞(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)。”金雞(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)獎(jiang)(jiang)杯為(wei)(wei)一(yi)尊引頸(jing)高(gao)唱的金雞(ji)。毋庸置疑,沒有十(shi)一(yi)屆(jie)三中(zhong)(zhong)全會和(he)隨之而來(lai)(lai)的思(si)想解放(fang),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)影金雞(ji)獎(jiang)(jiang)的誕生(sheng)便是不(bu)可設想的!
值得欣慰(wei)的(de)(de)是(shi),中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)金(jin)(jin)雞獎(jiang)并沒有辜負時代和(he)(he)人(ren)民寄(ji)予的(de)(de)厚望(wang)。二十年來,她(ta)堅(jian)持“二為(wei)”方向、“雙百”方針,發揚并始終保持了“學術、爭鳴、民主”的(de)(de)好風氣,獎(jiang)掖(ye)優秀影(ying)(ying)片(pian),表彰(zhang)成績(ji)卓著(zhu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)藝(yi)術家(jia),促進了我(wo)(wo)國社會(hui)主義電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)創作的(de)(de)繁榮(rong),對活躍和(he)(he)發展(zhan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)理(li)論(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)(he)評(ping)論(lun)(lun)(lun)工(gong)作,提高中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)藝(yi)術和(he)(he)技術水(shui)平,擴大(da)中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)在世界(jie)的(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響和(he)(he)地(di)位,作出了積(ji)極的(de)(de)貢獻。循著(zhu)她(ta)的(de)(de)足印,人(ren)們不(bu)僅可(ke)以(yi)大(da)致觀(guan)覽(lan)到(dao)新時期電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)無論(lun)(lun)(lun)在思想(xiang)還(huan)是(shi)藝(yi)術上迅(xun)速發展(zhan)前進的(de)(de)軌跡(ji)和(he)(he)整個(ge)風貌,而且還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)從她(ta)所涉(she)及(ji)的(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)片(pian),真(zhen)切地(di)感受(shou)到(dao)改(gai)革(ge)開放(fang)在我(wo)(wo)國各個(ge)領域引發的(de)(de)歷史性的(de)(de)巨大(da)變化。實踐證明,中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)影(ying)(ying)金(jin)(jin)雞獎(jiang)是(shi)改(gai)革(ge)開放(fang)的(de)(de)產兒,同時也是(shi)改(gai)革(ge)開放(fang)的(de)(de)熱心(xin)宣傳者。
二(er)十年(nian)來,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)影金雞獎(jiang)從(cong)誕生到(dao)學會走路進而(er)開(kai)(kai)始成熟,逐步形成了自(zi)己比較鮮明(ming)的特點。這(zhe)就是由各方(fang)專家(jia)評委(wei)通過(guo)聆聽多方(fang)咨(zi)詢意見,經學術討(tao)論和(he)爭(zheng)鳴(ming),最(zui)后(hou)發(fa)揚民主(zhu)、投票(piao)評選出各獎(jiang)得主(zhu),從(cong)而(er)比較準確地反映(ying)了這(zhe)一年(nian)電(dian)影創作的最(zui)高水平(ping)。應當說,在全國(guo)(guo)(guo)諸多類似評獎(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)影金雞獎(jiang)開(kai)(kai)優(you)良風氣之先,是可以(yi)引為自(zi)豪(hao)的。當然(ran),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)影金雞獎(jiang)也并(bing)不是十全十美的,她還(huan)存在著(zhu)疏珍漏珠的遺憾甚(shen)至失誤。也正是從(cong)這(zhe)個意義上講,中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)影金雞獎(jiang)本(ben)身(shen)還(huan)需(xu)要不斷改革完(wan)善,為中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民族電(dian)影事(shi)業的進步和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)不懈地做出貢(gong)獻。
獎項設置
中國電影金雞獎創設于1981年。金雞獎共設最佳故事片、記錄片、科教片、美(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)片(pian)、戲(xi)曲片(pian),最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)男主角(jiao)、女(nv)主角(jiao)、男配角(jiao)、女(nv)配角(jiao),最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)編劇(ju)(ju)、導(dao)(dao)演、攝(she)(she)影、美(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、音(yin)樂、錄(lu)音(yin)、剪輯(ji)、特技、服裝(zhuang)、化裝(zhuang)、道具等20個(ge)左(zuo)右獎(jiang)(jiang)項(時有(you)增減),必要時增設(she)特別獎(jiang)(jiang)或者榮譽獎(jiang)(jiang)。金雞獎(jiang)(jiang)共設(she)有(you)以(yi)下電影獎(jiang)(jiang)項:最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)故事片(pian)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)紀錄(lu)片(pian)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)科(ke)教片(pian)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)美(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)片(pian)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)戲(xi)曲片(pian)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)數字電影、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)兒(er)童片(pian)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)編劇(ju)(ju)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)導(dao)(dao)演、導(dao)(dao)演處女(nv)作獎(jiang)(jiang)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)男主角(jiao) 、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)主角(jiao)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)男配角(jiao)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)配角(jiao)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)攝(she)(she)影、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)錄(lu)音(yin)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)美(mei)(mei)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)佳(jia)(jia)(jia)音(yin)樂、評(ping)委會(hui)編劇(ju)(ju)獎(jiang)(jiang)、評(ping)委會(hui)故事片(pian)獎(jiang)(jiang)、終(zhong)身成就獎(jiang)(jiang)。