地理環境
位于湖南(nan)省(sheng)湘西土家(jia)族苗族自治州的龍山(shan)縣境內，地處(chu)湘、鄂、渝三省(sheng)交(jiao)界之地，北西與(yu)湖北省(sheng)來鳳縣鄰(lin)接，南(nan)西與(yu)重(zhong)慶市秀山(shan)縣交(jiao)界，南(nan)與(yu)保(bao)靖縣一(yi)水相(xiang)隔(ge)，東與(yu)桑(sang)植縣、永順縣相(xiang)連。地理(li)坐標：東經(jing)09°13′ 40″ ～109°41′ 46″北緯28°47′ 57″ ～29°26′ 26″，面積(ji)為(wei)142.01平方千米。園(yuan)(yuan)區景點由公園(yuan)(yuan)由洛塔園(yuan)(yuan)區和烏龍山(shan)園(yuan)(yuan)區組成，已命名地質遺跡(ji)景點74處(chu)。
主要景區
烏龍山園區
烏(wu)龍山(shan)園區位(wei)于(yu)公園西部，北距龍山(shan)縣城3千米，面積72.7平方千米，以巖(yan)溶(rong)峽(xia)谷勝(sheng)景和溶(rong)洞群規(gui)模巨大為主要特(te)征。
烏龍(long)山峽谷長(chang)15千米，最窄(zhai)處僅50米，系(xi)典型(xing)的(de)(de)經侵蝕、溶蝕作用(yong)形成的(de)(de)“V”型(xing)谷。
著名的(de)火巖溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)群即分布于峽(xia)谷岸坡山(shan)體，目前已發現大(da)小溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)212個(ge)。主要的(de)溶(rong)(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)飛(fei)虎(hu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、烏龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、石花洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、風(feng)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、鰱魚洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等，此外還分布有(you)(you)天(tian)坑(keng)鼓大(da)型天(tian)坑(keng)。景點以(yi)(yi)飛(fei)虎(hu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)最為奇特壯觀。美(mei)國(guo)、日(ri)本、比利時等國(guo)的(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)探險(xian)家(jia)曾多次來(lai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)探險(xian)，至今尚未(wei)探明盡頭，素有(you)(you)一(yi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)通三(san)省之稱(cheng)；洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)地下(xia)(xia)陰河、地下(xia)(xia)湖泊、地下(xia)(xia)山(shan)脈，溶(rong)(rong)隙、支(zhi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、跌坎、盲(mang)井異常發育，迂回曲折；已探明一(yi)大(da)廳，面積達3萬多平方(fang)米，最高處(chu)達340米，其(qi)規(gui)模之大(da)為國(guo)內(nei)外罕見；特別是洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)水潭、陰河中還棲(qi)息著粉紅(hong)或藍色(se)“盲(mang)魚”、“盲(mang)蝌蚪”等珍(zhen)稀動物，這是世(shi)界上(shang)繼伊朗和云南(nan)(nan)個(ge)舊之后的(de)第3處(chu)發現，南(nan)(nan)京大(da)學俞(yu)錦標教授(shou)稱(cheng)“飛(fei)虎(hu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)成為世(shi)界上(shang)第一(yi)個(ge)研究生物退化的(de)地下(xia)(xia)研究室”。
洛塔園區
洛塔園(yuan)區(qu)位于公園(yuan)的東部(bu)，北距龍(long)山縣城38千米(mi)，南距里耶古城77千米(mi)，面積(ji)69.31平方(fang)千米(mi)，是烏龍(long)山地質(zhi)公園(yuan)地質(zhi)遺跡最為(wei)(wei)豐富(fu)的一個景區(qu)，以巖溶(rong)臺地、峽谷和(he)石林地貌為(wei)(wei)典型特征。
構(gou)景地層為(wei)下(xia)二疊(die)統(tong)和三(san)疊(die)統(tong)灰巖(yan)，整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)為(wei)一個孤立而發(fa)育良(liang)好的向斜(xie)盆地構(gou)成的巖(yan)溶臺地，海拔標高1000～1422米，形似巨大的船(chuan)體(ti)(ti)呈北東(dong)向高聳屹立于(yu)志留(liu)系砂(sha)頁巖(yan)低山(shan)丘陵之上。地表洼地、漏斗(dou)(dou)星羅(luo)棋布，簇簇石(shi)(shi)林在(zai)綠樹映襯(chen)下(xia)千(qian)姿百態(tai)，石(shi)(shi)林中時有溶洞貫(guan)穿，人(ren)游其內如入迷宮(gong)；峽谷陡直幽(you)深，河(he)流蜿蜒，瀑(pu)布飛瀉；地下(xia)溶洞和地下(xia)河(he)強烈發(fa)育，已發(fa)現大小溶洞314個，溶洼漏斗(dou)(dou)106個，洞穴沉積物類型多(duo)樣，造型各異，形態(tai)奇特(te)，琳(lin)瑯滿目(mu)。此(ci)外尚有第四紀冰期后幸存衍生(sheng)至今的三(san)株千(qian)年古水杉——“植物活(huo)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)”。
洛塔(ta)園區被譽為“中國南方裸露型巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)典(dian)型代表(biao)”、巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)地質的(de)“百科(ke)全書”，具(ju)有極高的(de)觀(guan)賞、科(ke)研(yan)(yan)、教(jiao)學、科(ke)普價值，早在(zai)1978年就被定為中國地質科(ke)學院巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)科(ke)研(yan)(yan)基地，洛塔(ta)人“溶(rong)(rong)(rong)洼成庫”的(de)成功(gong)范例已載入我國巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)地下水(shui)開發利(li)用的(de)史冊。
發展建設
湖(hu)南烏龍(long)山國家地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)公園的前身是洛(luo)塔石林(lin)省級地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)公園。
洛塔石林省級(ji)(ji)地質(zhi)公(gong)園：于(yu)2002年8月被湖南省國土資(zi)源廳批(pi)準為(wei)省級(ji)(ji)地質(zhi)公(gong)園，面積142.66平方(fang)公(gong)里，經過5年建設，于(yu)2007年8月揭碑開園。其建設內容為(wei)：洛塔石林標志(zhi)碑廣場(chang)、杉灣石林至長天坑景區及八洞仙山天池(chi)地質(zhi)遺跡點(dian)的簡易片石游道(dao)。
湖南烏龍山國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)地(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)：從2007年開始，在(zai)省(sheng)級(ji)地(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)揭碑開園(yuan)的基礎上(shang)進行國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)地(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)申(shen)報(bao)，于2009年8月(yue)19日被(bei)國(guo)(guo)土資(zi)(zi)源部(bu)授(shou)予國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)地(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)資(zi)(zi)格。地(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)總面(mian)積(ji)142.01平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，由洛塔(ta)園(yuan)區和烏龍山園(yuan)區組成(cheng)。目前，按照(zhao)國(guo)(guo)土資(zi)(zi)源部(bu)有關(guan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)地(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)建設的有關(guan)規定，地(di)質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)已完(wan)成(cheng)了相關(guan)的建設內容，正在(zai)等(deng)待國(guo)(guo)土資(zi)(zi)源部(bu)驗收授(shou)牌。
斌斌有禮 
