介紹
公園內有(you)(you)數(shu)級熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺地(di)(di),主(zhu)(zhu)要有(you)(you)環火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺地(di)(di)、環火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)錐熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺地(di)(di)和裂(lie)隙(xi)溢出的(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺地(di)(di),面(mian)積大、坡度平緩。騰(teng)沖火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)構(gou)造景(jing)觀主(zhu)(zhu)要有(you)(you)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)空洞(dong)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)塌陷、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)流動和原生節(jie)理構(gou)造;火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)碎屑巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)可見(jian)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)集塊(kuai)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)角(jiao)礫巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和熔(rong)(rong)(rong)結凝灰巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彈引人注目,主(zhu)(zhu)要有(you)(you)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彈、火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)角(jiao)礫、火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)灰、浮石、火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)渣。其(qi)中火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彈形狀(zhuang)各(ge)異(yi),主(zhu)(zhu)要有(you)(you)紡錘狀(zhuang)、面(mian)包狀(zhuang)、麻(ma)花(hua)狀(zhuang)。各(ge)種類型的(de)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)錐、火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺地(di)(di)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)流堰塞(sai)湖泊等火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)貌十分顯(xian)目,構(gou)成(cheng)壯麗的(de)火(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)旅游景(jing)觀。
火山活躍
這些火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)形成(cheng)于(yu)距今約(yue)340萬(wan)年(nian)到1萬(wan)間的(de)(de)上(shang)新世至(zhi)全(quan)新世,其(qi)中距今約(yue)1萬(wan)年(nian)左右(you)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)共4座。較早形成(cheng)的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)熔(rong)巖由于(yu)遭受(shou)長(chang)期強烈(lie)風化,火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)錐體大多(duo)破壞(huai),僅(jin)保(bao)存(cun)6座仍能見穹丘地(di)貌或火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)體的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)。部分是(shi)休眠(mian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)。騰(teng)(teng)沖(chong)(chong)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)地(di)熱(re)國家(jia)地(di)質(zhi)公園位(wei)于(yu)阿爾卑斯—喜馬拉雅特提斯構(gou)(gou)造(zao)帶(dai)東(dong)段(duan)的(de)(de)騰(teng)(teng)沖(chong)(chong)變質(zhi)地(di)體內(nei),印度板(ban)塊與(yu)歐亞板(ban)塊兩個大陸(lu)板(ban)塊陸(lu)—陸(lu)碰撞對接帶(dai)東(dong)側,以發(fa)育斷裂構(gou)(gou)造(zao)、年(nian)青的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)活動(dong)和(he)強烈(lie)的(de)(de)地(di)熱(re)顯示為(wei)其(qi)特征。經歷了(le)漫長(chang)的(de)(de)地(di)質(zhi)演化,滄海桑田巨變,多(duo)次巖漿噴發(fa)和(he)多(duo)次構(gou)(gou)造(zao)旋回,留下了(le)眾多(duo)的(de)(de)地(di)質(zhi)遺(yi)跡,形成(cheng)了(le)奇(qi)麗的(de)(de)自然景觀。
相關景觀
騰沖(chong)火山附生(sheng)地(di)質現(xian)象(xiang)非常豐富,典型的(de)有地(di)熱(re)帶、熱(re)海(hai)熱(re)田、地(di)熱(re)顯示、熱(re)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(124處)等。其中地(di)熱(re)顯示特(te)征分為噴氣(qi)(qi)孔(kong)、冒(mao)氣(qi)(qi)地(di)面(mian)、熱(re)沸面(mian)、噴泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、毒氣(qi)(qi)孔(kong)、熱(re)水泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)、熱(re)水爆炸(zha)等六(liu)類景(jing)觀(guan)。熱(re)水泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)景(jing)觀(guan)又有泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)臺地(di)、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)堤、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)堆(dui)、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)陡壁、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)家、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)扇(shan)、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)蘑(mo)菇、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)豆、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)葡萄、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)洞以及洞內華(hua)(hua)鐘乳、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)鵝管等等。其內容之(zhi)豐富,色(se)彩之(zhi)艷麗,為世界之(zhi)罕見(jian)。