介紹
公園內有數級(ji)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有環(huan)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口(kou)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地、環(huan)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)錐(zhui)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地和(he)裂(lie)隙溢出的熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地,面積大、坡度平(ping)緩。騰沖(chong)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)構造(zao)景(jing)(jing)觀主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)空(kong)洞、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)塌陷、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)流動和(he)原生節理構造(zao);火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)碎屑巖(yan)可見熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)集(ji)塊巖(yan)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)角礫巖(yan)和(he)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)結凝灰巖(yan)。火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彈(dan)引人注(zhu)目,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彈(dan)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)角礫、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)灰、浮石、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)渣(zha)。其中火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彈(dan)形狀各異(yi),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有紡(fang)錘狀、面包狀、麻花(hua)狀。各種類型的火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)錐(zhui)、火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)口(kou)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)臺(tai)(tai)地、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)流堰塞(sai)湖泊(bo)等火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地貌十分顯(xian)目,構成壯(zhuang)麗的火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)旅(lv)游景(jing)(jing)觀。
火山活躍
這些(xie)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)形(xing)成于距今約(yue)340萬年(nian)到1萬間的(de)上新世(shi)至全(quan)新世(shi),其中距今約(yue)1萬年(nian)左右(you)形(xing)成的(de)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)共4座(zuo)。較(jiao)早形(xing)成的(de)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)熔巖由(you)于遭受長期強烈(lie)風化,火(huo)山(shan)(shan)錐體大(da)多(duo)破壞,僅保(bao)存6座(zuo)仍(reng)能見穹丘(qiu)地(di)(di)貌或火(huo)山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)體的(de)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)。部分是休眠火(huo)山(shan)(shan)。騰沖(chong)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)熱國(guo)家地(di)(di)質(zhi)公園位于阿爾卑斯(si)—喜馬拉雅特(te)提斯(si)構造帶(dai)東(dong)段的(de)騰沖(chong)變質(zhi)地(di)(di)體內(nei),印度(du)板(ban)塊與(yu)歐亞板(ban)塊兩個大(da)陸(lu)板(ban)塊陸(lu)—陸(lu)碰撞(zhuang)對接帶(dai)東(dong)側(ce),以發育(yu)斷裂構造、年(nian)青的(de)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)活動和(he)強烈(lie)的(de)地(di)(di)熱顯示為其特(te)征。經歷了漫長的(de)地(di)(di)質(zhi)演化,滄(cang)海桑田巨變,多(duo)次巖漿噴發和(he)多(duo)次構造旋回,留下(xia)了眾多(duo)的(de)地(di)(di)質(zhi)遺跡,形(xing)成了奇麗的(de)自(zi)然(ran)景觀。
相關景觀
騰沖火山附生地(di)質現象非常豐(feng)富,典型的有地(di)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)帶、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)海熱(re)(re)(re)(re)田(tian)、地(di)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)顯(xian)示(shi)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(124處)等(deng)(deng)。其(qi)中地(di)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)顯(xian)示(shi)特(te)征分(fen)為噴氣孔、冒氣地(di)面、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)沸面、噴泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、毒氣孔、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)爆炸等(deng)(deng)六類景(jing)觀(guan)。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)景(jing)觀(guan)又有泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)臺地(di)、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)堤、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)堆(dui)、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)陡(dou)壁(bi)、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)家、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)扇、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)蘑菇、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)豆、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)葡萄(tao)、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)洞(dong)以及洞(dong)內(nei)華(hua)(hua)(hua)鐘乳、泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)華(hua)(hua)(hua)鵝(e)管等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。其(qi)內(nei)容之(zhi)豐(feng)富,色彩(cai)之(zhi)艷(yan)麗,為世界(jie)之(zhi)罕(han)見。