歷史沿革
1939年(nian)前(qian)屬長汀縣(xian)飛地貼長鄉，梅花山自然(ran)保護區地理(li)位置(zhi)得天獨(du)厚，野生動植物資源極為豐(feng)富。
為了保(bao)護梅(mei)花山(shan)珍貴(gui)森(sen)林生(sheng)態(tai)系統和奇(qi)特的自然景觀。
1985年5月，福建省人民(min)政府批準(zhun)建立閩西梅花山自然(ran)保護區。
1988年9月經國(guo)務院(yuan)批準，梅花山自然保護(hu)區升列為國(guo)家級森林(lin)和(he)野生動物類型自然保護(hu)區。
1992年2月(yue)，在(zai)原林業(ye)部和(he)世(shi)界(jie)自然(ran)基金會聯(lian)合召開的“中國(guo)自然(ran)保(bao)護優(you)先領域(yu)研(yan)討(tao)會”上，保(bao)護區(qu)以(yi)“現存(cun)華南虎數量最(zui)多、活(huo)動最(zui)頻繁的區(qu)域(yu)”被(bei)確定(ding)為“對全球有(you)(you)影(ying)響(xiang)、具(ju)有(you)(you)國(guo)際意義(yi)的”世(shi)界(jie)A級自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)。
1992年(nian)11月(yue)，在中(zhong)國生物多(duo)樣性(xing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)行動計(ji)劃第二次研討會(hui)上，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區以“物種(zhong)豐富、特有種(zhong)多(duo)，在東亞植物區系(xi)中(zhong)為(wei)華(hua)中(zhong)、華(hua)南、華(hua)東區系(xi)交匯處(chu)”，列入《中(zhong)華(hua)人民共(gong)和國生物多(duo)樣性(xing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)行動計(ji)劃》“中(zhong)國優(you)先(xian)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)生態系(xi)統名錄”和“森(sen)林生態系(xi)統的優(you)先(xian)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區”；1993年(nian)加(jia)入中(zhong)國人與生物圈保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區網絡。
1998年，根據(ju)國(guo)家林業局的(de)《關(guan)于進一步加(jia)強國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)理的(de)通知(zhi)》精神，龍巖市委(wei)機構(gou)編制委(wei)員會批準，福(fu)建梅(mei)花(hua)山(shan)國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)理處更(geng)名為“福(fu)建梅(mei)花(hua)山(shan)國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)理局”。
地理環境
位置境域
梅花山(shan)國家級自然保(bao)護區保(bao)護區地處福(fu)建西(xi)南(nan)部，是武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)脈南(nan)段(duan)東(dong)南(nan)坡與戴(dai)云山(shan)脈之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)玳瑁山(shan)主體，為新羅(luo)、連城、上杭三(san)縣(xian)（區）的(de)交界地帶，俗稱“梅花十八洞(dong)”，介于東(dong)經116°45′25″~116°57′33″，北(bei)緯25°15′14″~25°35′44″之(zhi)(zhi)間。保(bao)護區東(dong)西(xi)寬20公(gong)里，南(nan)北(bei)長19公(gong)里，總面(mian)積22168.5公(gong)頃。
地貌
保護區(qu)是(shi)閩西玳瑁山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)主體部(bu)分，地(di)貌以(yi)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)為主，地(di)勢中部(bu)高(gao)(gao)，四周低，西部(bu)高(gao)(gao)，東部(bu)底，平均(jun)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)900米(mi)(mi)，千(qian)米(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰達70多座，最高(gao)(gao)石門(men)山(shan)(shan)(shan)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1811米(mi)(mi)，相對高(gao)(gao)差達1436米(mi)(mi)，在大(da)地(di)構造(zao)上(shang)，屬永梅坳陷帶的(de)一部(bu)分，歷經多次(ci)構造(zao)運動(dong)(dong)，燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)運動(dong)(dong)導致(zhi)大(da)規模的(de)花崗巖侵入，斷裂構造(zao)的(de)發育，使地(di)形切割破(po)碎。
氣候
保(bao)護區地處中亞熱帶南(nan)(nan)緣，離海洋(yang)較(jiao)(jiao)近(jin)，常受到(dao)東南(nan)(nan)海洋(yang)暖(nuan)濕氣(qi)流影響，加(jia)上西北(bei)武夷山脈和東南(nan)(nan)戴云山脈作天(tian)(tian)然屏(ping)障，對(dui)(dui)寒流南(nan)(nan)下(xia)和海洋(yang)暖(nuan)濕氣(qi)流入侵起阻擋(dang)和截留作用，形(xing)成冬暖(nuan)夏涼(liang)，氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)、濕度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)穩定的特點。保(bao)護區年均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)13～18℃，最(zui)高月(yue)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)22.9～23.8℃，最(zui)低(di)月(yue)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)7.5～8.3℃，極端最(zui)高氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)35℃，極端最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-5.5℃，月(yue)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)≥10℃的年活動積溫(wen)(wen)4500～5100℃，年日照時(shi)數1920小(xiao)時(shi)左右。梅花山是福建省暴雨(yu)(yu)中心地之一，降雨(yu)(yu)期長，雨(yu)(yu)量充沛，降雨(yu)(yu)強度(du)(du)大，年均(jun)降雨(yu)(yu)量為(wei)1700～2200mm，相對(dui)(dui)濕度(du)(du)70～96%，霜期75天(tian)(tian)，霜日15～25天(tian)(tian)。
水文
在山嶺(ling)之(zhi)間發育有斷(duan)裂谷地(di)和(he)斷(duan)陷(xian)盆(pen)地(di)，是九龍江(jiang)、汀(ting)江(jiang)、閩江(jiang)的(de)(de)上游水(shui)系組成部分，為閩江(jiang)、汀(ting)江(jiang)、九龍江(jiang)的(de)(de)分水(shui)嶺(ling)，俗稱"水(shui)流三江(jiang)地(di)"。由(you)于復雜的(de)(de)地(di)質(zhi)構造和(he)流水(shui)切(qie)割(ge)的(de)(de)影響，加之(zhi)茂密的(de)(de)森林覆蓋，構成閩西(xi)獨(du)特的(de)(de)天然空調(diao)和(he)生物(wu)水(shui)庫。
功能區劃
保護區(qu)(qu)按功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)劃為核(he)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)、緩沖區(qu)(qu)和實驗區(qu)(qu)。總(zong)面(mian)積為22168.5公頃，其中(zhong)核(he)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積7041.7 公頃，緩沖區(qu)(qu)2443.1 公頃實驗區(qu)(qu)劃2683.7 公頃。
生物資源
植物
梅花山保(bao)護區植(zhi)物(wu)區系成(cheng)份復雜，植(zhi)被(bei)區系具有(you)中亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)南緣向南亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)過渡的特點(dian)，組成(cheng)典型(xing)的亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)森(sen)林(lin)植(zhi)被(bei)，有(you)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉林(lin)，針葉林(lin)，針、闊(kuo)、竹混(hun)交林(lin)，竹林(lin)，亞(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)山地(di)灌叢(cong)(cong)，草叢(cong)(cong)等11個(ge)植(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)63個(ge)植(zhi)物(wu)群(qun)系。區內植(zhi)物(wu)種類僅維管束植(zhi)物(wu)有(you)184種734屬(shu)1628種，其中屬(shu)國(guo)家重點(dian)保(bao)護區的有(you)觀光木、福(fu)建柏、鐘萼木、傘(san)花木等23種，珍稀植(zhi)物(wu)60余種。
動物
梅(mei)花山自然(ran)保(bao)護區屬東洋界(jie)的(de)中印亞界(jie)偏中北地帶，具有向古北界(jie)的(de)中亞過渡(du)性，蘊(yun)藏(zang)棲(qi)息(xi)著(zhu)豐富(fu)的(de)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)。有陸棲(qi)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)362種(zhong)(zhong)，獸(shou)類(lei)6日20科(ke)66種(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)17目(mu)(mu)40科(ke)198種(zhong)(zhong)，爬行類(lei)3目(mu)(mu)10科(ke)40屬69種(zhong)(zhong)，兩(liang)棲(qi)類(lei)2目(mu)(mu)8科(ke)29種(zhong)(zhong)，還(huan)有魚類(lei)5目(mu)(mu)14科(ke)51屬65種(zhong)(zhong)，貝類(lei)4目(mu)(mu)15科(ke)27種(zhong)(zhong)及浮(fu)游(you)動(dong)物(wu)9目(mu)(mu)32科(ke)170種(zhong)(zhong)，有昆蟲20目(mu)(mu)150余(yu)(yu)科(ke)2000余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)，大型真菌116種(zhong)(zhong)。
保護對象
植物
維管(guan)(guan)束植(zhi)物(wu)有(you)(you)184科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)734屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1628種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（含(han)變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）（名錄(lu)見梅花山(shan)自(zi)然保護維管(guan)(guan)束植(zhi)物(wu)名錄(lu)和附(fu)件(jian)四(si)植(zhi)被(bei)補充調查(cha)報告）。其中蕨類(lei)(lei)植(zhi)物(wu)30科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)62屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)107種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植(zhi)物(wu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)18屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子植(zhi)物(wu)147科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)654種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1499種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)(you)11屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)(zhan)總屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數的(de)(de)1.5%；每(mei)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)含(han)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，但并非單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)有(you)(you)454屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)(zhan)61.8%；含(han)2—4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)245屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)(zhan)33.4%；含(han)5—6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)26屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)(zhan)3.5%；含(han)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以上的(de)(de)有(you)(you)38屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)(zhan)5.2%。含(han)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)較多的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)：殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)6屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)43種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)48種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，木蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)10屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，金縷梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，薔薇科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)16屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，豆科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)42屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)94種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大戟(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，冬青(qing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，杜(du)鵑科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紫金牛(niu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山(shan)礬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，馬鞭草(cao)(cao)(cao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)4屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，桑科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕁(qian)麻科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蓼科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，野牡丹科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，唇(chun)形科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，茜(qian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)23屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)41種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，忍冬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)菊科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)31屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)禾木科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)62屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)135種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，莎草(cao)(cao)(cao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)14屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、木蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、薔薇科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜(du)鵑科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、山(shan)礬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青(qing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)組成本區(qu)常綠闊(kuo)葉林或針闊(kuo)葉混交林的(de)(de)主(zhu)要種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)，而且大多是(shi)闊(kuo)葉林的(de)(de)建群種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、優勢種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或亞(ya)優勢種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
動物
國家重(zhong)點保(bao)護的(de)有華南(nan)虎，金錢豹(bao)、云豹(bao)、金貓、黑鹿、梅(mei)花鹿等(deng)42種(zhong)珍(zhen)稀(xi)動(dong)物和金斑啄鳳蝶，詹彩臂金龜等(deng)珍(zhen)稀(xi)昆蟲。屬國家一級保(bao)護的(de)種(zhong)類有七種(zhong)，二級保(bao)護的(de)種(zhong)類有三十(shi)種(zhong)，其中群數量較多(duo)的(de)有獼猴，穿(chuan)山(shan)甲、白鷴(xian)、虎紋蛙四(si)種(zhong)。
旅游資源
保(bao)護區獨(du)特的(de)地(di)理環境，奇特地(di)貌特征，豐富(fu)的(de)森林資(zi)源造(zao)就了豐富(fu)的(de)自(zi)然景觀。既有類型多樣、色彩豐富(fu)、四(si)季變化(hua)的(de)森林景觀資(zi)源，也(ye)有活潑可愛、形態憨厚或兇猛無比的(de)動(dong)物景觀，更有奇山、異石，美麗的(de)山花，秀麗的(de)水體和奇幻的(de)天(tian)象景觀。
山地景觀
水(shui)流(liu)三江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)：保(bao)護區內連城縣(xian)曲溪(xi)鄉位于海拔1100米(mi)的黃(huang)勝(sheng)地(di)(di)，其源流(liu)分別注入(ru)經福州(zhou)、漳(zhang)州(zhou)和廣東潮州(zhou)入(ru)海的福建三大水(shui)系，即九龍江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、汀江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、閩江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，因而自古就(jiu)稱(cheng)為(wei)“水(shui)流(liu)三江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)地(di)(di)”。
王母點(dian)兵：梅花山(shan)狗(gou)子腦北面，有(you)一方圓(yuan)十幾平方公里(li)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)草甸地，中(zhong)(zhong)央突兀拔起(qi)一座(zuo)高山(shan)，是(shi)傳(chuan)說(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)"王母點(dian)兵臺"，四周環繞著千(qian)米左右幾百個連綿起(qi)伏的(de)(de)山(shan)包，則是(shi)駐守山(shan)寨的(de)(de)軍營(ying)。
產“蛋”的(de)(de)山(shan)谷(gu)：位于大(da)斜村的(de)(de)一(yi)座山(shan)谷(gu)，四(si)周竹木蔥蘢，谷(gu)地中有一(yi)長(chang)數十(shi)米經常年雨水侵蝕形(xing)成的(de)(de)布滿(man)苔蘚的(de)(de)黑褐色(se)卵形(xing)巨石帶。
此外(wai)區內還有奇峰聳峙、怪石(shi)嶙峋的(de)廟金(jin)山；栩栩如生、呼之欲出的(de)棋盤(pan)石(shi)、羊角石(shi)；神話連篇(pian)、充滿(man)傳奇的(de)金(jin)錢吊葫蘆、出米(mi)石(shi)、翠鳥(niao)登潭等。
水域景觀
由于斷裂構造(zao)、小斷裂、節理裂隙發育(yu)，加上降水(shui)量大，地形坡(po)度陡，，河床切割深等原因，形成梅花(hua)山獨特(te)的景觀資源。有(you)奇特(te)的清(qing)水(shui)溪、汶水(shui)溪和七口龍潭；壯(zhuang)觀的鯉魚寨瀑(pu)布、興隆瀑(pu)布；池水(shui)清(qing)澈(che)、碧水(shui)連天(tian)(tian)，風光秀麗的梅花(hua)山天(tian)(tian)池；有(you)如神功天(tian)(tian)造(zao)的雙車溫泉群(qun)。
生物景觀
梅(mei)花(hua)山(shan)(shan)氣(qi)候(hou)宜人，四季(ji)長(chang)青。由(you)于獨特(te)地質地貌，植(zhi)被(bei)、氣(qi)候(hou)等條件因素，形成(cheng)多層次、多類型的自然旅游資源。區內有(you)天然大徑級杉木林王國(guo)，古(gu)木參天；有(you)中亞熱帶灌木林景觀；有(you)南方紅豆杉林；此(ci)外還有(you)杜鵑(juan)花(hua)山(shan)(shan)、山(shan)(shan)櫻(ying)花(hua)路(lu)。
人文景觀
梅花(hua)山自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)在當地(di)政府的支持(chi)下，于1998年率先(xian)于全(quan)國啟(qi)動(dong)華(hua)南(nan)虎(hu)拯救工程。現已(yi)初具規模，該工程項(xiang)目占地(di)466公頃，區(qu)內(nei)設(she)有華(hua)南(nan)虎(hu)野(ye)化繁(fan)育區(qu)、草食動(dong)物(wu)區(qu)、森林浴(yu)場、水上珍(zhen)禽(qin)區(qu)、蛇園等，一方面(mian)作為華(hua)南(nan)虎(hu)繁(fan)育研究及野(ye)化豢養的場所，另(ling)一方面(mian)作為保護(hu)區(qu)的一個(ge)主(zhu)要(yao)的生態教育基地(di)。此外周邊還(huan)有豐富的可借(jie)人(ren)文景觀，如古田會議址，永定土(tu)樓，龍巖天宮(gong)山，崐(kun)連城中(zhong)華(hua)性(xing)海寺，虎(hu)豹(bao)別墅，李氏(shi)大宗(zong)祠等。
保護價值
梅花(hua)山(shan)由(you)(you)于山(shan)體高大及(ji)所(suo)處的(de)(de)(de)特(te)定(ding)地(di)(di)理(li)位置(zhi)，形成了典型的(de)(de)(de)亞熱(re)帶濕潤山(shan)地(di)(di)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)，因離海(hai)洋(yang)較近，常(chang)受到東(dong)南(nan)海(hai)洋(yang)暖濕氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)影響，加上西北和(he)(he)東(dong)南(nan)有武夷山(shan)脈和(he)(he)博(bo)平嶺作(zuo)天(tian)然屏障，對(dui)(dui)寒流(liu)(liu)南(nan)下和(he)(he)海(hai)洋(yang)暖濕氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)入侵(qin)起阻(zu)擋和(he)(he)截留作(zuo)用，形成龍(long)巖中心城市(shi)冬暖夏(xia)涼(liang)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫、濕度較為穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點。梅花(hua)山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)存在不(bu)僅對(dui)(dui)龍(long)巖中心城市(shi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)調節起著不(bu)可代替的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用，而(er)且對(dui)(dui)鄰近地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)產生巨大影響，由(you)(you)于山(shan)體對(dui)(dui)冷空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)屏障作(zuo)用，使處于梅花(hua)山(shan)東(dong)南(nan)側的(de)(de)(de)雁石溪谷(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)、永定(ding)河(he)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)及(ji)南(nan)側的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)潭河(he)谷(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)、汀江谷(gu)(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)成為整個(ge)閩(min)西地(di)(di)區熱(re)量(liang)最豐富的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方。
管理現狀
根(gen)據保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)主要保(bao)(bao)護(hu)對象的(de)要求(qiu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)目標需(xu)要，建立(li)了(le)較為完(wan)善(shan)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)體系。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)下設辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)室、林(lin)(lin)(lin)政科(ke)(ke)(ke)、科(ke)(ke)(ke)技科(ke)(ke)(ke)、經營科(ke)(ke)(ke)、財務科(ke)(ke)(ke)、防火(huo)辦(ban)等(deng)(deng)6個(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)室以及(ji)森林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)安分(fen)局(ju)和(he)華南虎繁育研(yan)究所(suo)。按(an)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)—保(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)站(zhan)、森林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)安分(fen)局(ju)—森林(lin)(lin)(lin)派出(chu)所(suo)模式(shi)設置兩(liang)級管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，有4個(ge)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)站(zhan)， 3個(ge)派出(chu)所(suo)，另外還(huan)有7個(ge)護(hu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)哨卡、1個(ge)瞭望塔。 先后制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)《梅(mei)花山自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)辦(ban)法(fa)（試行）》、《福(fu)(fu)建梅(mei)花山國(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)崗位職(zhi)責(ze)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度》、《福(fu)(fu)建梅(mei)花山國(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)森林(lin)(lin)(lin)防火(huo)聯(lian)防群治管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)預案》、《福(fu)(fu)建梅(mei)花山國(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)局(ju)生(sheng)態公(gong)(gong)益林(lin)(lin)(lin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)實施方案》以及(ji)有關財務資(zi)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、來(lai)賓接(jie)待、干(gan)部職(zhi)工請假(jia)、考勤(qin)等(deng)(deng)的(de)規章制(zhi)度。
森林覆蓋率從(cong)建區(qu)(qu)前(qian)(qian)的60.4%上升到目(mu)前(qian)(qian)的94%，并(bing)多次被(bei)省、市授(shou)予(yu)(yu)“無森林火災(zai)”單(dan)位(wei)。1999年(nian)12月，被(bei)國(guo)家(jia)環保(bao)總局(ju)、國(guo)家(jia)林業(ye)局(ju)、農業(ye)部(bu)、國(guo)土資源部(bu)等部(bu)門聯合(he)授(shou)予(yu)(yu)“全國(guo)自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)管(guan)理先進集(ji)體”，被(bei)國(guo)家(jia)林業(ye)局(ju)授(shou)予(yu)(yu)“2002-2003年(nian)度自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)管(guan)理先進單(dan)位(wei)”等榮(rong)譽稱號。
通(tong)過(guo)實施保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)一期工程項(xiang)(xiang)目建(jian)設(she)，保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)基(ji)礎設(she)施建(jian)設(she)初具(ju)規模，現(xian)有管理(li)局(ju)、公安分局(ju)、華(hua)南(nan)虎繁育研(yan)究所(suo)、兩個(ge)(ge)保(bao)(bao)護管理(li)站和一個(ge)(ge)護林哨(shao)卡等(deng)(deng)的辦公用(yong)房及相(xiang)應的辦公用(yong)具(ju)、車輛、通(tong)訊設(she)施和設(she)備等(deng)(deng)。同時(shi)，在區(qu)界(jie)周圍立(li)碑(bei)定界(jie)，設(she)宣傳牌(pai)143個(ge)(ge)；先后新建(jian)和維修林道(dao)(dao)、人(ren)行便道(dao)(dao)38km。2004年底國家林業(ye)局(ju)批復了“福(fu)建(jian)梅花山(shan)國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)管理(li)局(ju)二期工程建(jian)設(she)”項(xiang)(xiang)目。
斌斌有禮 
