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寬(kuan)闊水國家級保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位于貴(gui)州省遵義市綏陽縣北部，地理(li)坐標為(wei)東(dong)經107°02′23〞-107°14′09〞，北緯28°06′25″-28°19′25″，東(dong)西寬(kuan)約19km，南北長(chang)約20km。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)總(zong)面積(ji)(ji)為(wei)26 231hm2，其功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)劃為(wei)：核心區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)9 085hm2，緩沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)6 186hm2，實驗區(qu)(qu)面積(ji)(ji)10 960hm2。

寬闊水(shui)國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)自然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)于1989年建(jian)立縣級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu) (綏府(fu)〔1989〕24號(hao))，2001年升格(ge)為省級(ji)(ji)自然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu) (省編辦發〔2001〕205號(hao))，2007年經國(guo)務院批準(zhun)建(jian)立國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)自然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu) (國(guo)辦發〔2007〕20號(hao))。

寬闊(kuo)水(shui)(shui)國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)屬森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)和(he)(he)(he)野(ye)(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)類(lei)型自然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)。主要(yao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)對象為(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)生性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)亮葉水(shui)(shui)青岡林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)為(wei)主體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)典型亞(ya)熱帶中(zhong)山常(chang)綠落葉闊(kuo)葉混交(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)、黑葉猴(hou)、紅腹(fu)錦雞(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群及其(qi)自然(ran)(ran)(ran)生境以及大量(liang)野(ye)(ye)生珍稀動植物(wu)(wu)。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)起(qi)源古老，原(yuan)(yuan)生性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強，孤寡種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、特(te)(te)(te)有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)，自然(ran)(ran)(ran)資(zi)(zi)源豐富。經(jing)考(kao)察，區(qu)(qu)內現已(yi)查明有(you)(you)動植物(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)源625科4133種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)I級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)黑葉猴(hou)、豹、云(yun)豹、林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)麝4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)I級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)植物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)珙桐、紅豆(dou)杉、南(nan)方紅豆(dou)杉3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)(you)獼猴(hou)、大鯢、鴛鴦(yang)、水(shui)(shui)青樹、黃(huang)杉等國(guo)家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動植物(wu)(wu)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，貴州省省級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，還有(you)(you)被列入《瀕危(wei)野(ye)(ye)生動植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿(mao)易公約》(CITES) 附錄Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)蘭科植物(wu)(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)(he)被列入《中(zhong)國(guo)瀕危(wei)動物(wu)(wu)紅皮(pi)書》的(de)(de)(de)(de)鳥類(lei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。經(jing)專家(jia)考(kao)察鑒證，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)內大面積在中(zhong)國(guo)乃(nai)至世(shi)界具有(you)(you)典型性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、代表(biao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、完(wan)整性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)特(te)(te)(te)有(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)生性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)亮葉水(shui)(shui)青岡森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、位居全(quan)球(qiu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群數(shu)量(liang)第二的(de)(de)(de)(de)黑葉猴(hou)、全(quan)國(guo)分布密(mi)度和(he)(he)(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群數(shu)量(liang)最高的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅腹(fu)錦雞(ji)、豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)生物(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)源、喀斯特(te)(te)(te)與常(chang)態(tai)侵蝕并(bing)存的(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特(te)(te)(te)地貌、頂(ding)級(ji)和(he)(he)(he)演替并(bing)存的(de)(de)(de)(de)生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)(he)眾多(duo)美麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)(ran)(ran)景(jing)觀(guan)，使保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)在自然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、科研(yan)(yan)、教(jiao)學和(he)(he)(he)旅游(you)方面有(you)(you)著十分重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價值。因此，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)不(bu)僅(jin)是中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶山地森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)結構功能及野(ye)(ye)生動植物(wu)(wu)研(yan)(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)基(ji)(ji)地，也是中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶山區(qu)(qu)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天然(ran)(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)(ji)因庫和(he)(he)(he)生物(wu)(wu)進(jin)化研(yan)(yan)究基(ji)(ji)地、喀斯特(te)(te)(te)非(fei)地帶性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)(he)地帶性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)動態(tai)對比研(yan)(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)基(ji)(ji)地、理想的(de)(de)(de)(de)野(ye)(ye)外鳥類(lei)研(yan)(yan)究基(ji)(ji)地和(he)(he)(he)自然(ran)(ran)(ran)生態(tai)旅游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勝地。