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寬闊水國家(jia)級(ji)保(bao)護區(qu)位(wei)于貴州(zhou)省遵義市(shi)綏陽縣北部，地理(li)坐標為東(dong)經107°02′23〞-107°14′09〞，北緯28°06′25″-28°19′25″，東(dong)西寬約(yue)19km，南北長約(yue)20km。保(bao)護區(qu)總面積為26 231hm2，其功能(neng)區(qu)劃為：核心區(qu)面積9 085hm2，緩沖區(qu)面積6 186hm2，實驗(yan)區(qu)面積10 960hm2。

寬闊水國(guo)家級自然保護(hu)(hu)區于1989年(nian)建(jian)立(li)縣級保護(hu)(hu)區 (綏(sui)府(fu)〔1989〕24號)，2001年(nian)升格為省級自然保護(hu)(hu)區 (省編(bian)辦發〔2001〕205號)，2007年(nian)經(jing)國(guo)務院批(pi)準(zhun)建(jian)立(li)國(guo)家級自然保護(hu)(hu)區 (國(guo)辦發〔2007〕20號)。

寬(kuan)闊水國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)屬森林(lin)(lin)和(he)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)類型(xing)(xing)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)對象(xiang)為(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)亮葉水青(qing)岡林(lin)(lin)為(wei)主(zhu)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)典型(xing)(xing)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)中(zhong)山常綠落(luo)葉闊葉混交林(lin)(lin)、黑(hei)(hei)葉猴、紅(hong)腹錦雞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)及其自然(ran)(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)境以及大量(liang)(liang)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)珍稀動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)起源古(gu)老，原(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強，孤寡種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、特(te)(te)有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)，自然(ran)(ran)資(zi)源豐富(fu)(fu)。經(jing)考(kao)察，區(qu)內現(xian)已查明有(you)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)源625科4133種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)I級重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)黑(hei)(hei)葉猴、豹、云豹、林(lin)(lin)麝4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)I級重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)珙桐(tong)、紅(hong)豆杉、南方(fang)紅(hong)豆杉3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)獼(mi)猴、大鯢、鴛鴦、水青(qing)樹(shu)、黃杉等國(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，貴州(zhou)省省級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，還(huan)有(you)被列入《瀕危野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿易公約》(CITES) 附錄Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)蘭科植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)被列入《中(zhong)國(guo)瀕危動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)紅(hong)皮書》的(de)(de)(de)(de)鳥(niao)類7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。經(jing)專家(jia)(jia)考(kao)察鑒證，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)內大面(mian)積在(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)乃至(zhi)世界具(ju)有(you)典型(xing)(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、代表性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、完整性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)特(te)(te)有(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)亮葉水青(qing)岡森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統、位居(ju)全(quan)球種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)數量(liang)(liang)第二的(de)(de)(de)(de)黑(hei)(hei)葉猴、全(quan)國(guo)分布密度和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)數量(liang)(liang)最高的(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)腹錦雞、豐富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)源、喀(ka)斯特(te)(te)與常態(tai)(tai)(tai)侵(qin)蝕(shi)并存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特(te)(te)地(di)(di)貌、頂級和(he)演替并存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)眾多(duo)美(mei)麗的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)(ran)景觀，使保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)在(zai)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、科研、教(jiao)學和(he)旅游(you)方(fang)面(mian)有(you)著十分重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價值(zhi)。因此，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)不僅是中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)山地(di)(di)森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統結構功能(neng)及野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)研究的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)基(ji)地(di)(di)，也是中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)山區(qu)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然(ran)(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)因庫和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進化研究基(ji)地(di)(di)、喀(ka)斯特(te)(te)非地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統動(dong)態(tai)(tai)(tai)對比研究的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)基(ji)地(di)(di)、理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)野外鳥(niao)類研究基(ji)地(di)(di)和(he)自然(ran)(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)旅游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勝地(di)(di)。