1999年,河北省人民政府(fu)批準建立“秦皇島柳江盆(pen)地地質遺(yi)跡省級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)”。保(bao)護區(qu)隸屬河北省國土資(zi)源廳。
2005年,柳江盆地(di)地(di)質(zhi)遺跡國(guo)家級自然保護區被批準為(wei)國(guo)家級自然保護區。
河北柳(liu)江盆地(di)地(di)質遺跡國家(jia)級自然保護區位于河北省秦皇(huang)島市(shi)撫寧(ning)縣(xian)境內,其核心距(ju)秦皇(huang)島市(shi)區15km。?
柳江(jiang)盆地地質遺跡國(guo)家級自然保(bao)護區(qu)
河北柳江盆地(di)地(di)質遺跡國家級自(zi)然保護區所處大地(di)構
造位置屬(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)朝準地臺燕山(shan)臺褶帶中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的次一級(ji)構造單元(yuan)-山(shan)海關隆起的南緣(yuan),以元(yuan)古界(jie)(jie)(jie)、古生界(jie)(jie)(jie)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生界(jie)(jie)(jie)為(wei)主,組成向(xiang)斜構造。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)古界(jie)(jie)(jie)及(ji)古生界(jie)(jie)(jie)環(huan)繞盆地邊緣(yuan)分布(bu),構成向(xiang)斜的兩翼(yi),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生界(jie)(jie)(jie)侏羅系分布(bu)于盆地中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部,構成向(xiang)斜的核部。
盆地基底為(wei)新(xin)太(tai)古(gu)(gu)界(jie)(jie)晚(wan)期混合花崗巖(yan)(yan),其上(shang)為(wei)新(xin)元古(gu)(gu)界(jie)(jie)濱(bin)淺海相砂巖(yan)(yan)、泥灰巖(yan)(yan),二者之間(jian)以(yi)呂梁運(yun)動所形成的(de)(de)角(jiao)度不整合接(jie)觸(chu)。新(xin)元古(gu)(gu)界(jie)(jie)以(yi)薊縣運(yun)動所形成的(de)(de)平行不整合面(mian)與(yu)下古(gu)(gu)生界(jie)(jie)接(jie)觸(chu)。
柳(liu)江盆地(di)呈南(nan)北(bei)向簸箕(ji)狀,東(dong)、北(bei)、西高,南(nan)低(di),區(qu)內海拔(ba)(ba)高度為(wei)60—400m,最高點為(wei)盆地(di)北(bei)端的老(lao)君頂,海拔(ba)(ba)493.7m。東(dong)部(bu)為(wei)石湖山、后石湖山,北(bei)部(bu)為(wei)梯子嶺,西部(bu)為(wei)響山,盆地(di)中部(bu)為(wei)低(di)山丘陵。
河北柳江盆(pen)地(di)地(di)質遺跡國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自然保護區屬于(yu)暖溫(wen)帶半濕潤大陸(lu)性(xing)季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou),春(chun)夏受海(hai)洋東(dong)(dong)南季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)影響,冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)除受東(dong)(dong)北寒流影響外(wai)還受海(hai)洋暖流調節。氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)總趨勢是冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)較長偏(pian)暖,夏季(ji)涼爽,秋季(ji)較短(duan),春(chun)季(ji)干旱多(duo)(duo)風(feng)(feng)(feng)。主(zhu)導風(feng)(feng)(feng)向(xiang)夏季(ji)東(dong)(dong)南風(feng)(feng)(feng),冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)東(dong)(dong)北風(feng)(feng)(feng),四季(ji)分明(ming),與同緯度內陸(lu)區相比有夏季(ji)涼爽適宜,冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)小天暖的(de)特點。多(duo)(duo)年平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)10.1℃,多(duo)(duo)年平(ping)均降水量744.7mm/a,降水的(de)76%集中在6-8月(yue)份。
河北(bei)柳(liu)(liu)江(jiang)(jiang)盆地(di)(di)地(di)(di)質遺(yi)跡國家(jia)級自然保護區內水(shui)(shui)系(xi)較(jiao)為發育,大(da)石河流(liu)(liu)域(yu)和湯河流(liu)(liu)域(yu),由北(bei)向南流(liu)(liu)經本區,并各自注(zhu)入渤海。兩河分(fen)水(shui)(shui)嶺(ling)位于秋子峪一帶,地(di)(di)表與地(di)(di)下分(fen)水(shui)(shui)嶺(ling)一致。大(da)石河是流(liu)(liu)經保護區最大(da)的河流(liu)(liu),有許多支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)匯合(he)而成,構(gou)成樹枝狀水(shui)(shui)系(xi),展布于柳(liu)(liu)江(jiang)(jiang)盆地(di)(di)地(di)(di)區;湯河流(liu)(liu)域(yu)位于盆地(di)(di)西部,區內河長10km,于南部雞冠山(shan)口流(liu)(liu)出保護區。?
保護區(qu)地理(li)坐標范圍為東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)經(jing)(jing)119°30′00″—119°40′13″,北(bei)緯40°00′30″—40°10′00″,柳江盆(pen)地南(nan)北(bei)長20公(gong)里(li),東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)12公(gong)里(li),面(mian)積(ji)1395公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。其中,核心區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)476公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。保護區(qu)共由4個相(xiang)對獨立的分區(qu)組成:(1)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部落—潮(chao)水峪—砂鍋店區(qu),總面(mian)積(ji)857公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)起(qi)張巖子村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)西(xi)坡腳(jiao),沿(yan)280°軸(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)至(zhi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部落村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)北(bei)500米(mi)(mi)處,南(nan)北(bei)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)500—900米(mi)(mi);再向(xiang)(xiang)西(xi),沿(yan)近東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)走(zou)向(xiang)(xiang)至(zhi)石嶺村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)南(nan)500米(mi)(mi)處,長3750米(mi)(mi),南(nan)北(bei)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)750—2000米(mi)(mi);隨后軸(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)轉為150°,延至(zhi)砂鍋店村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)800米(mi)(mi)處,長約2000米(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)770米(mi)(mi)。(2)亮甲山(shan)(shan)(shan)—歡喜嶺—瓦(wa)家山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu),總面(mian)積(ji)217公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)起(qi)亮甲山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)坡陡崖處,經(jing)(jing)歡喜嶺村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)至(zhi)瓦(wa)家山(shan)(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)梁上,呈“S”形帶狀分布,寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)250—850米(mi)(mi)。(3)黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)窯—大(da)洼(wa)山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu),總面(mian)積(ji)155公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)起(qi)自(zi)黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)窯后村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)西(xi)邊,沿(yan)295°軸(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)至(zhi)大(da)洼(wa)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡,長約2500米(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)600—800米(mi)(mi)。(4)雞冠山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu),總面(mian)積(ji)166公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)起(qi)自(zi)八嶺溝村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)北(bei)西(xi)350米(mi)(mi)處坡腳(jiao),向(xiang)(xiang)北(bei)西(xi)向(xiang)(xiang)跨(kua)越湯河河谷至(zhi)大(da)平臺(tai)西(xi)側陡崖。?
河北(bei)柳江(jiang)盆(pen)地(di)地(di)質遺跡(ji)國家級自然保(bao)護區地(di)質遺跡(ji)資源包(bao)括24個組級地(di)層(ceng)單位、六大(da)地(di)殼不整合面(mian)和多種典型地(di)質構(gou)造與地(di)貌。主要保(bao)護對象(xiang)包(bao)括:
(1)由(you)呂梁運(yun)動(dong)(dong)、薊(ji)縣(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)、加里東運(yun)動(dong)(dong)、海(hai)西(xi)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)、印支運(yun)動(dong)(dong)和燕山(shan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)所形(xing)成(cheng)的六大不整(zheng)合(he)面;
(2)元古(gu)界、古(gu)生界、中生界等三套地層;
(3)古生物化石組合(he)帶;
(4)巖漿巖、變質巖、沉積(ji)巖三(san)大巖類;
(5)不同級別(bie)的(de)褶皺、不同性質(zhi)的(de)斷裂及其他構造形(xing)跡;
(6)金屬(shu)、礦點、非金屬(shu)礦化點;
(7)巖溶(rong)(rong)(rong)作用(yong)形成(cheng)的(de)象鼻山、溶(rong)(rong)(rong)洞、天(tian)井、石芽、溶(rong)(rong)(rong)溝等;
(8)流(liu)水(shui)作(zuo)用形成的(de)離堆山、跌水(shui)、河流(liu)階地等。?
秦(qin)皇(huang)島柳江(jiang)盆地(di)地(di)質遺(yi)跡省級自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)管(guan)理處于1999年經河(he)北省機構編制委員會批準(zhun)設(she)(she)立(li),為相(xiang)當處級事業單位(wei),編制15名,下設(she)(she)現場管(guan)理科(ke)、科(ke)研開發科(ke)、辦公室,主(zhu)要職(zhi)責(ze)包括:貫徹執行有關自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)建設(she)(she)的法律法規(gui);開展保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)基礎調(diao)查、科(ke)研和學(xue)術(shu)交流活動;負責(ze)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)現場保護(hu)(hu)(hu)、監測(ce)和宣傳工作(zuo)。 [5]
(1)六大(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)整合(he)面(mian)中,“加里東運動(dong)(dong)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)整合(he)面(mian)、“海西運動(dong)(dong)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)整合(he)面(mian)、“印(yin)支運動(dong)(dong)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)整合(he)面(mian)具有大(da)區(qu)域對比意義(yi)。“呂(lv)梁運動(dong)(dong)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)整合(he)面(mian)、“薊縣運動(dong)(dong)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)整合(he)面(mian)、“燕山運動(dong)(dong)”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)整合(he)面(mian)具有區(qu)域對比意義(yi);
(2)柳江盆(pen)地三(san)套地層及三(san)大巖類分布廣泛,均為自(zi)然露頭,地層完(wan)整,界(jie)限清楚(chu),巖類齊全(quan),化石豐富,沉(chen)積(ji)構造發育。
(3)第(di)四系(xi)洞穴堆(dui)積。
(4)現(xian)代海洋沉積環境與地質遺跡的對比研(yan)究。
柳(liu)江盆(pen)地(di)地(di)質遺跡(ji)國(guo)家級自然保護區境內有(you)京(jing)(jing)哈、京(jing)(jing)秦、大秦、秦青4條鐵路(lu)(lu)。京(jing)(jing)秦高(gao)速(su)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)在境內通過,京(jing)(jing)沈高(gao)速(su)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)穿越撫寧(ning)境內35.1公(gong)里(茶棚-永寧(ning)寨)、北戴河連接線12.1公(gong)里。