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小五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地處燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)—太行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系，太行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)北端，呂梁運動期始成(cheng)太行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)雛形(xing)；燕山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)運動時，形(xing)成(cheng)新華夏(xia)式(shi)褶(zhe)皺帶；喜馬拉雅(ya)運動時，由于山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體的劇烈(lie)抬升(sheng)和強(qiang)烈(lie)斷裂，形(xing)成(cheng)了以(yi)東(dong)、西、南(nan)、北、中五(wu)座山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰為主(zhu)體的眾多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰和峽(xia)谷(gu)，其中海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)在(zai)(zai)2000米以(yi)上(shang)的山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰有130多(duo)座，東(dong)、西、南(nan)、北、中臺等五(wu)座山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰，海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)均在(zai)(zai)2600米以(yi)上(shang)，主(zhu)峰東(dong)臺海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)2882米，為太行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)主(zhu)峰、河北最高峰。除(chu)上(shang)述山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰外，西山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)的靈山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、東(dong)靈山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、西靈山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰也(ye)在(zai)(zai)保護區內，其中靈山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為西山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)的主(zhu)峰、北京西部最高峰，海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)2420米。

小(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰林(lin)立，峽谷縱(zong)橫，森林(lin)茂密，溪流遍地，是華北地區(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性豐(feng)富的區(qu)域之(zhi)一，具有重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)價值。為了(le)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)該區(qu)獨特的自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物及其棲息地，1983年11月(yue)經(jing)河北省(sheng)人民(min)政府批準，在蔚縣(xian)小(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)場(chang)、涿鹿縣(xian)楊(yang)家(jia)坪林(lin)場(chang)、涿鹿縣(xian)岔(cha)道林(lin)場(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)澗口營林(lin)區(qu)的基礎上建立了(le)小(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)省(sheng)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)。2002年7月(yue)經(jing)國務(wu)院批準，晉升(sheng)為國家(jia)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)。河北小(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)國家(jia)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)屬于“自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統”類別中“森林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統”類型的自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)，主要(yao)(yao)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)對象是暖溫帶森林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)褐馬雞等國家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物。

保(bao)護區(qu)位于河北(bei)省西北(bei)部(bu)，東與北(bei)京市門頭溝區(qu)接壤，距北(bei)京市區(qu)125千米，北(bei)距張(zhang)家(jia)口市150千米。地理坐標(biao)范圍東經114°47′8″~115°28′56″，北(bei)緯39°50′41″~40°6′30″，地理區(qu)位十分重要。保(bao)護區(qu)的林地在(zai)張(zhang)家(jia)口市蔚縣(xian)(xian)和涿鹿(lu)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內，總(zong)面積(ji)26700公頃(qing)，東西長(chang)約60千米，南北(bei)寬28千米，周(zhou)邊綿延300多千米，涉及10個鄉鎮66個自然村約20000人。

保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)現為正處級建制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，直(zhi)屬河北(bei)省(sheng)林(lin)業(ye)廳，編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)123人(ren)。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)實行管(guan)理局、管(guan)理區(qu)(qu)、管(guan)護(hu)站(zhan)三(san)級管(guan)理體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，管(guan)理局設行政(zheng)辦公(gong)(gong)室(shi)、黨委辦公(gong)(gong)室(shi)、人(ren)事勞資科(ke)、計劃(hua)與資金(jin)管(guan)理科(ke)、資源(yuan)管(guan)理科(ke)、宣(xuan)傳(chuan)教育科(ke)、多(duo)種經營科(ke)、防(fang)火(huo)辦公(gong)(gong)室(shi)等8個(ge)職能科(ke)室(shi)，下轄森(sen)防(fang)站(zhan)、金(jin)河口(kou)(kou)管(guan)理區(qu)(qu)、楊家(jia)坪管(guan)理區(qu)(qu)、山(shan)澗口(kou)(kou)管(guan)理區(qu)(qu)4個(ge)直(zhi)屬機構和19個(ge)管(guan)護(hu)站(zhan)。2004年(nian)省(sheng)森(sen)林(lin)警察總(zong)隊(dui)在保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)成立了小五臺(tai)山(shan)森(sen)林(lin)警察支(zhi)隊(dui)，設立了4個(ge)林(lin)區(qu)(qu)治(zhi)安(an)派出(chu)所，森(sen)林(lin)公(gong)(gong)安(an)編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)23人(ren)。2006年(nian)，王喜洞坑木(mu)林(lin)場(chang)經河北(bei)省(sheng)人(ren)民政(zheng)府批準并入(ru)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)，林(lin)場(chang)總(zong)面積3338公(gong)(gong)頃，編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)48人(ren)。

小五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)地形地貌的(de)(de)(de)復雜性(xing)和水熱條件(jian)變化的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點決定了(le)(le)(le)植(zhi)物群(qun)落(luo)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)。按(an)照《河(he)北植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)》中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)分類系統，小五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)可以(yi)劃(hua)(hua)分為(wei)7個植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)型，18個群(qun)系組和35個群(qun)系，7個植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)型即針葉(xie)林(lin)、針闊(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)混(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)、闊(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)、灌(guan)叢、灌(guan)草(cao)叢、草(cao)甸、沼(zhao)生(sheng)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)。針闊(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)混(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)是小五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)，主(zhu)要有油松、蒙古櫟混(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)，華北落(luo)葉(xie)松、白樺(hua)混(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)，云杉、冷杉、紅樺(hua)混(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)等(deng)。根據(ju)山(shan)(shan)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)海拔高(gao)度及水熱條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)垂直變化，又可以(yi)將小五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)垂直帶(dai)譜自(zi)山(shan)(shan)頂至山(shan)(shan)基劃(hua)(hua)分為(wei)亞(ya)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)草(cao)甸帶(dai)、亞(ya)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)灌(guan)叢帶(dai)、針葉(xie)林(lin)帶(dai)、針闊(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)混(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)帶(dai)、落(luo)葉(xie)闊(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)帶(dai)、人工油松林(lin)帶(dai)、次生(sheng)灌(guan)叢帶(dai)和農田林(lin)果帶(dai)。以(yi)上完(wan)整而典型的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)類型構成了(le)(le)(le)小五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然生(sheng)態系統主(zhu)體(ti)，為(wei)物種多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)和遺(yi)傳多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)提(ti)供了(le)(le)(le)廣(guang)闊(kuo)(kuo)(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)存(cun)(cun)空間，特(te)別為(wei)褐馬(ma)雞、金(jin)錢豹等(deng)珍稀(xi)野生(sheng)動(dong)物提(ti)供了(le)(le)(le)生(sheng)存(cun)(cun)棲息環境，造就了(le)(le)(le)保護區獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)地位和保護價(jia)值(zhi)。

小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山地(di)區(qu)(qu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類繁多(duo)，是華北地(di)區(qu)(qu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類豐富的(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)之一(yi)。經調查區(qu)(qu)內分布野(ye)生高等(deng)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1637種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)，苔蘚植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)38科(ke)，98屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，共(gong)244種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于118科(ke)530屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)16科(ke)24屬(shu)(shu)(shu)60種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；裸(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)4科(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)98科(ke)497屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1320種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。以(yi)(yi)菊科(ke)、禾本科(ke)、豆科(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類最為豐富。在木(mu)本植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)樺屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、松(song)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、落葉松(song)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、云杉屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、櫟屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、楊屬(shu)(shu)(shu)林木(mu)為主，構成小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)森林植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)的(de)(de)建群種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或優勢樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)資源植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)較多(duo)，據初步(bu)調查，觀賞(shang)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)367種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)草藥植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)390種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，牧草飼料植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)593種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。根(gen)據國家2005年公布的(de)(de)試行(xing)條例，保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)分布有(you)國家重點(dian)保護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)大花(hua)(hua)杓蘭、杓蘭和紫(zi)點(dian)杓蘭；二級(ji)(ji)保護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)主要(yao)有(you)野(ye)大豆、黃(huang)檗、刺五(wu)(wu)加等(deng)；有(you)臭冷杉、小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)銀(yin)(yin)蓮花(hua)(hua)等(deng)珍稀極(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)；以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)命名的(de)(de)模式標本植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)蚤綴、小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)風毛菊、小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)柴胡、五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山延胡索、小(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)銀(yin)(yin)蓮花(hua)(hua)。

小五臺山自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)在動(dong)物地理區(qu)(qu)劃(hua)位置上隸屬古(gu)北界華北區(qu)(qu)。經調查(cha)發現保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)布陸(lu)棲(qi)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物共計139種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于4綱(gang)19目(mu)55科，包括兩棲(qi)類(lei)2種(zhong)(zhong)，爬行類(lei)7種(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)98種(zhong)(zhong)，哺乳(ru)類(lei)32種(zhong)(zhong)。根據河(he)北省林業局2006年公布的河(he)北省重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)陸(lu)生野(ye)生動(dong)物名錄，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)布有國(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生動(dong)物22種(zhong)(zhong)：國(guo)家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物6種(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)(fen)別為(wei)褐馬(ma)雞、金雕、白肩雕、大鴇、黑(hei)鸛和豹。褐馬(ma)雞是世(shi)界珍禽(qin)、中國(guo)特有、國(guo)家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生動(dong)物，在國(guo)際(ji)上，褐馬(ma)雞被譽為(wei)“東方寶石”，和“國(guo)寶”大熊貓齊(qi)名。金錢豹華北亞種(zhong)(zhong)屬國(guo)家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物，中國(guo)特有亞種(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)家(jia)二級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物有鳶、蒼鷹、勺雞、雕鸮(xiao)、斑羚等16種(zhong)(zhong)。河(he)北省重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生陸(lu)生動(dong)物27種(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的動(dong)物物種(zhong)(zhong)豐富度指標在我國(guo)北方是比較高的地區(qu)(qu)之一(yi)。

經過調查發(fa)現(xian)，小五臺山自然保護區分布(bu)有昆(kun)蟲(chong)4綱25目(mu)(mu)(mu)254科(ke)1603屬(shu)2776種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)，原尾(wei)綱2目(mu)(mu)(mu)4科(ke)5屬(shu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)該(gai)區科(ke)總(zong)(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.25%、屬(shu)總(zong)(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)0.28%，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)0.16%；雙(shuang)尾(wei)綱1目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)1屬(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)該(gai)區科(ke)總(zong)(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)0.31%、屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)0.06%和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)0.03%；彈尾(wei)綱1目(mu)(mu)(mu)4科(ke)5屬(shu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)該(gai)區科(ke)總(zong)(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1.25%、屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)0.28%和(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)0.19%；昆(kun)蟲(chong)綱23目(mu)(mu)(mu)245科(ke)1592屬(shu)2764種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分別占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)小五臺山總(zong)(zong)數(shu)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)79.31%、76.32%、89.69%和(he)89.45%。科(ke)級組成(cheng)以(yi)鞘翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（49科(ke)）、半翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（44科(ke)）、鱗翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（38科(ke)）和(he)膜(mo)翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（34科(ke)）最多，分別占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)科(ke)級總(zong)(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)15.26%、13.70%、11.84%和(he)10.59%，鱗翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（905種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、鞘翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（564種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、膜(mo)翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（412種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）和(he)雙(shuang)翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)（407種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）這4目(mu)(mu)(mu)昆(kun)蟲(chong)共占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)昆(kun)蟲(chong)總(zong)(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)82.42%，構成(cheng)保護區昆(kun)蟲(chong)區系的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)。

保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)自(zi)1983年建立以來(lai)，走過了三十(shi)年的(de)歷程(cheng)，在國家林(lin)業(ye)局、省林(lin)業(ye)廳(ting)、當地黨委政府的(de)領導和支持下，保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)干部職工(gong)求(qiu)實(shi)創(chuang)新、艱苦(ku)奮斗，取(qu)得(de)了令人矚目的(de)成就。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)晉升國家級后(hou)，編制了總體規劃(2002-2010)，成功實(shi)施(shi)了兩期保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)建設(she)項目，以及防火和能力(li)建設(she)項目，基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)得(de)到(dao)改善，資源保(bao)護(hu)、科研(yan)監測和宣傳教育體系初(chu)步建立。

資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)是(shi)自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)工作(zuo)、首要工作(zuo)，主要包括森林(lin)防火和野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)。在森林(lin)防火工作(zuo)中，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)始終堅(jian)持預防為主、積極消滅的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針，每年(nian)10月(yue)1日到(dao)翌年(nian)5月(yue)31日嚴(yan)禁(jin)任何人進山，清明節期(qi)(qi)間(jian)控(kong)制上墳燒(shao)紙，五一(yi)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)節期(qi)(qi)間(jian)控(kong)制燒(shao)秸稈(gan)、燎地(di)邊，不斷(duan)加(jia)強專業(ye)撲火隊(dui)建設，取(qu)得了30年(nian)來無大(da)的(de)(de)(de)森林(lin)火災的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)績。在資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)中，大(da)力開展保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)宣傳(chuan)，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)內堅(jian)決(jue)實行禁(jin)牧、禁(jin)采、禁(jin)獵，嚴(yan)格實行進山證制度，禁(jin)止游人、以(yi)及無關人員進入保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)，最大(da)限度地(di)減(jian)少人為活動(dong)(dong)對野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)干擾(rao)，使保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)內野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)得到(dao)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和恢(hui)復，確(que)保(bao)了褐馬(ma)雞(ji)等重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)棲息地(di)的(de)(de)(de)完整(zheng)和安全(quan)。

對保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區內(nei)野生動(dong)物(wu)及(ji)其棲(qi)息(xi)地的研究和(he)監測(ce)，對于野生動(dong)植物(wu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、管(guan)理和(he)種群恢復具(ju)有重大意(yi)義。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區積(ji)極與省內(nei)外各大院校、科研院所和(he)各保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區兄弟單位合作(zuo)開(kai)展了一系(xi)列的科研和(he)監測(ce)工作(zuo)。

1981年(nian)(nian)，根(gen)據(ju)(ju)1979年(nian)(nian)林(lin)業(ye)部等八(ba)個(ge)(ge)部委(wei)聯(lian)合(he)簽發(fa)的(de)關(guan)于加強自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管理(li)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃和(he)(he)(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)通知(zhi)及河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)省農委(wei)（1981）7號(hao)文(wen)件(jian)精神，以河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)省林(lin)業(ye)廳為主(zhu)，邀請(qing)河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)省科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院，對(dui)(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)自然(ran)(ran)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)初步考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。1987-1993年(nian)(nian)，河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)省林(lin)業(ye)廳、河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)師范(fan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)系(xi)(xi)、霧靈(ling)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聯(lian)合(he)開展調查，獲得了(le)(le)大(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)標本和(he)(he)(he)(he)觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數據(ju)(ju)，并參閱有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)文(wen)獻資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)，編寫了(le)(le)《霧靈(ling)山(shan)(shan)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)陸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)研(yan)究(jiu)》，由中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技術出版(ban)社出版(ban)。1988年(nian)(nian)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu) 2次組(zu)(zu)織小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多樣性本底(di)調查，并編輯印刷內(nei)部資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)》。1990年(nian)(nian)，由中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)研(yan)究(jiu)所和(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)菌(jun)物(wu)考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)隊(dui)對(dui)(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)菌(jun)物(wu)考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。1995-1998年(nian)(nian)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)成立褐馬雞(ji)課(ke)題(ti)組(zu)(zu)，對(dui)(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)褐馬雞(ji)分(fen)布、種(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)數量(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)特(te)性進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)全面調查，經(jing)調查統計(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)褐馬雞(ji)數量(liang)為2420只(zhi)左右，主(zhu)要分(fen)布于保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)核心(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。2001年(nian)(nian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)邀請(qing)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)林(lin)科(ke)(ke)(ke)院宋朝樞(shu)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，共(gong)(gong)同編撰(zhuan)了(le)(le)《河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)綜(zong)合(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)報告》。2005年(nian)(nian)以來，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)依(yi)托(tuo)河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)師范(fan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)專家(jia)(jia)和(he)(he)(he)(he)研(yan)究(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)隊(dui)伍(wu)，在(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)開展了(le)(le)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)野外考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，采集了(le)(le)大(da)(da)量(liang)標本，經(jing)過研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)鑒定(ding)，廣泛(fan)查閱相(xiang)關(guan)文(wen)獻，共(gong)(gong)同完成了(le)(le)《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)志》的(de)編輯工(gong)作(zuo)，2012年(nian)(nian)，利用林(lin)業(ye)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)專項補助資(zi)(zi)(zi)金，由科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)出版(ban)社出版(ban)。2007-2010年(nian)(nian)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)邀請(qing)省森(sen)防站(zhan)退休專家(jia)(jia)徐志華先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，成立昆(kun)蟲(chong)考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)組(zu)(zu)對(dui)(dui)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)昆(kun)蟲(chong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)本底(di)調查，目前(qian)正(zheng)在(zai)編寫相(xiang)關(guan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)。2007-2009年(nian)(nian)，依(yi)托(tuo)河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重點（培育）學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)(he)(he)河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)省無脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)系(xi)(xi)統學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)應用實(shi)驗室，組(zu)(zu)織國(guo)(guo)內(nei)20多個(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)機構，在(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)范(fan)圍昆(kun)蟲(chong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，進(jin)一步擴大(da)(da)和(he)(he)(he)(he)深化了(le)(le)昆(kun)蟲(chong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)（含蜘蛛）考察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)內(nei)容，獲得了(le)(le)10多萬件(jian)珍貴標本，經(jing)專家(jia)(jia)鑒定(ding)和(he)(he)(he)(he)對(dui)(dui)已有(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)分(fen)析整理(li)，本次發(fa)現保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)新(xin)紀(ji)(ji)錄昆(kun)蟲(chong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)蛛形(xing)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)2434種(zhong)(zhong)，昆(kun)蟲(chong)增加2354種(zhong)(zhong)，蛛形(xing)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)增加314種(zhong)(zhong)，發(fa)現16個(ge)(ge)新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)（目前(qian)共(gong)(gong)計(ji)62種(zhong)(zhong)），中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)新(xin)紀(ji)(ji)錄6屬和(he)(he)(he)(he)29種(zhong)(zhong)、河(he)(he)北(bei)(bei)新(xin)紀(ji)(ji)錄334種(zhong)(zhong)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臺(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)及其毗鄰地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)特(te)有(you)(you)(you)昆(kun)蟲(chong)（也稱土(tu)著(zhu)昆(kun)蟲(chong)）63種(zhong)(zhong)。這些基礎研(yan)究(jiu)為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)有(you)(you)(you)效保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)恢復提供了(le)(le)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)可靠的(de)理(li)論依(yi)據(ju)(ju)。

向公(gong)眾(zhong)普(pu)及自(zi)然(ran)知識是保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)與發展的(de)需要，也(ye)是保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)責任和(he)義(yi)務(wu)。我國(guo)自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)起步相(xiang)對較晚，尚未得到社會的(de)普(pu)遍了(le)(le)解(jie)和(he)充分支持，這就需要廣泛的(de)，持久的(de)宣傳教(jiao)(jiao)育，逐步提高人(ren)們(men)對自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)重要性的(de)認(ren)識，使人(ren)們(men)自(zi)覺加入野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)植物保護(hu)(hu)(hu)者行列，促進生(sheng)態文明建設(she)。多年(nian)來，保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)面向學生(sheng)和(he)自(zi)然(ran)愛好者，開(kai)展了(le)(le)大量的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學實習、夏令營和(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)考(kao)活動(dong)，成為北京師(shi)范大學、河(he)北師(shi)范大學等(deng)多所學校的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學和(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研基(ji)(ji)地(di)，2000年(nian)被宋慶(qing)齡基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)會命名為“宋慶(qing)齡基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)會野(ye)生(sheng)生(sheng)物基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)管理委員會青少年(nian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)普(pu)教(jiao)(jiao)育基(ji)(ji)地(di)”，2010年(nian)被省科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)廳(ting)授予(yu)(yu)“河(he)北省青少年(nian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)育基(ji)(ji)地(di)”，2012年(nian)，被中(zhong)國(guo)林學會授予(yu)(yu)“全國(guo)林業科(ke)(ke)(ke)普(pu)基(ji)(ji)地(di)”。2009年(nian)建立(li)(li)了(le)(le)楊家坪科(ke)(ke)(ke)普(pu)展覽廳(ting)，2011年(nian)建立(li)(li)了(le)(le)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)官(guan)方網站，創辦了(le)(le)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)內(nei)部刊物《小五臺(tai)山》，2012年(nian)建立(li)(li)了(le)(le)小五臺(tai)山自(zi)然(ran)博(bo)物館，在新(xin)浪網開(kai)通了(le)(le)小五臺(tai)山官(guan)方微博(bo)，為提高公(gong)眾(zhong)自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)意識做出了(le)(le)積(ji)極努力。

在長期的保(bao)護(hu)和管理下，區內(nei)植被得到(dao)(dao)(dao)恢復，生態環(huan)境得到(dao)(dao)(dao)改(gai)善，生物多(duo)(duo)樣性明顯(xian)增加。保(bao)護(hu)區建立以來，森林覆(fu)蓋率(lv)由1986年(nian)的54.9%增加到(dao)(dao)(dao)76.4%。在1999年(nian)和2006年(nian)，河北師(shi)范大學(xue)教授趙建成先(xian)后發現并命名苔蘚新(xin)種(zhong)中華大帽蘚和亞洲大帽蘚。2008年(nian)，中科院院士王文采(cai)發現并命名小五臺(tai)銀蓮花。2012年(nian)11月(yue)，監(jian)(jian)測(ce)發現多(duo)(duo)個褐馬雞(ji)種(zhong)群，以及勺(shao)雞(ji)、赤狐(hu)、斑(ban)羚、豹(bao)貓。2013年(nian)4月(yue)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)發現金錢豹(bao)華北亞種(zhong)。