小五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地處燕(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)—太(tai)行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系,太(tai)行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)北(bei)端,呂梁運動期始(shi)成(cheng)太(tai)行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)雛(chu)形;燕(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)運動時(shi),形成(cheng)新華夏式(shi)褶(zhe)皺帶(dai);喜馬(ma)拉雅運動時(shi),由于山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體的劇烈(lie)抬升和強烈(lie)斷裂,形成(cheng)了以(yi)東(dong)、西(xi)(xi)、南、北(bei)、中(zhong)(zhong)五(wu)座山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)為(wei)主(zhu)體的眾多山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)和峽谷,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)海(hai)(hai)拔在(zai)2000米(mi)以(yi)上(shang)的山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)有130多座,東(dong)、西(xi)(xi)、南、北(bei)、中(zhong)(zhong)臺等五(wu)座山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng),海(hai)(hai)拔均在(zai)2600米(mi)以(yi)上(shang),主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)東(dong)臺海(hai)(hai)拔2882米(mi),為(wei)太(tai)行山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)、河北(bei)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)峰(feng)(feng)。除上(shang)述山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)外,西(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)的靈(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、東(dong)靈(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、西(xi)(xi)靈(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)也在(zai)保(bao)護區(qu)內(nei),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)靈(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)西(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)的主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)、北(bei)京(jing)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)峰(feng)(feng),海(hai)(hai)拔2420米(mi)。
小(xiao)五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)峰林(lin)(lin)立,峽(xia)谷縱橫,森林(lin)(lin)茂密,溪流遍(bian)地(di),是華北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性豐富(fu)的區(qu)(qu)域之一,具有重要的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)價值。為(wei)了保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)該區(qu)(qu)獨特的自然生(sheng)(sheng)態系統和(he)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動植(zhi)物及其棲(qi)息(xi)地(di),1983年11月(yue)(yue)經河(he)北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)人民(min)政府批準,在蔚縣小(xiao)五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)場(chang)、涿鹿(lu)縣楊(yang)家坪林(lin)(lin)場(chang)、涿鹿(lu)縣岔道林(lin)(lin)場(chang)山(shan)(shan)澗(jian)口營林(lin)(lin)區(qu)(qu)的基礎上建(jian)立了小(xiao)五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)。2002年7月(yue)(yue)經國務院批準,晉升為(wei)國家級(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)。河(he)北(bei)小(xiao)五(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)國家級(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)屬于“自然生(sheng)(sheng)態系統”類(lei)別中“森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統”類(lei)型的自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu),主(zhu)要保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)對(dui)象是暖溫帶(dai)森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統和(he)褐(he)馬(ma)雞等國家重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動植(zhi)物。
保(bao)護區位(wei)于(yu)河北(bei)(bei)省西北(bei)(bei)部,東(dong)(dong)與北(bei)(bei)京市門頭溝區接壤,距(ju)北(bei)(bei)京市區125千米,北(bei)(bei)距(ju)張(zhang)家(jia)(jia)口(kou)(kou)市150千米。地(di)理坐標范(fan)圍東(dong)(dong)經114°47′8″~115°28′56″,北(bei)(bei)緯39°50′41″~40°6′30″,地(di)理區位(wei)十分重要。保(bao)護區的林(lin)地(di)在張(zhang)家(jia)(jia)口(kou)(kou)市蔚縣(xian)和涿(zhuo)鹿縣(xian)境(jing)內,總面積(ji)26700公頃,東(dong)(dong)西長約60千米,南(nan)北(bei)(bei)寬28千米,周邊綿延300多千米,涉及10個鄉鎮66個自然村(cun)約20000人。
保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區現為正處級建制(zhi)(zhi),直(zhi)屬(shu)(shu)河北(bei)省林(lin)(lin)業(ye)廳,編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)123人。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區實行管(guan)(guan)理(li)局、管(guan)(guan)理(li)區、管(guan)(guan)護(hu)(hu)站三級管(guan)(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi),管(guan)(guan)理(li)局設(she)行政辦公(gong)室(shi)、黨委辦公(gong)室(shi)、人事勞資科(ke)(ke)、計劃(hua)與資金管(guan)(guan)理(li)科(ke)(ke)、資源管(guan)(guan)理(li)科(ke)(ke)、宣傳教育(yu)科(ke)(ke)、多種(zhong)經營科(ke)(ke)、防火辦公(gong)室(shi)等8個職(zhi)能科(ke)(ke)室(shi),下轄(xia)森防站、金河口(kou)管(guan)(guan)理(li)區、楊(yang)家坪(ping)管(guan)(guan)理(li)區、山澗(jian)口(kou)管(guan)(guan)理(li)區4個直(zhi)屬(shu)(shu)機(ji)構(gou)和19個管(guan)(guan)護(hu)(hu)站。2004年省森林(lin)(lin)警(jing)察(cha)總隊(dui)在保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區成立了小(xiao)五臺(tai)山森林(lin)(lin)警(jing)察(cha)支隊(dui),設(she)立了4個林(lin)(lin)區治安派出所,森林(lin)(lin)公(gong)安編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)23人。2006年,王喜洞坑木林(lin)(lin)場經河北(bei)省人民(min)政府批準并入保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區,林(lin)(lin)場總面積3338公(gong)頃,編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)48人。
小五臺(tai)山地(di)形(xing)地(di)貌的(de)(de)復雜(za)性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)水熱條件變化(hua)的(de)(de)特點(dian)決定了(le)(le)植(zhi)物群(qun)(qun)落(luo)的(de)(de)多樣性(xing)(xing)。按(an)照《河北植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)》中的(de)(de)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)分類系(xi)統(tong),小五臺(tai)山的(de)(de)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)可以(yi)劃分為(wei)7個植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)型(xing)(xing),18個群(qun)(qun)系(xi)組和(he)(he)(he)(he)35個群(qun)(qun)系(xi),7個植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)型(xing)(xing)即針葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)、針闊葉(xie)(xie)混(hun)(hun)(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)、闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)、灌(guan)叢(cong)(cong)、灌(guan)草(cao)(cao)叢(cong)(cong)、草(cao)(cao)甸(dian)(dian)、沼生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)。針闊葉(xie)(xie)混(hun)(hun)(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)是小五臺(tai)山植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)主(zhu)體,主(zhu)要有(you)油(you)(you)松(song)、蒙(meng)古櫟混(hun)(hun)(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin),華(hua)北落(luo)葉(xie)(xie)松(song)、白(bai)樺(hua)混(hun)(hun)(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin),云杉、冷杉、紅樺(hua)混(hun)(hun)(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)等(deng)。根據(ju)山體的(de)(de)海拔高度及(ji)水熱條件的(de)(de)垂(chui)直變化(hua),又可以(yi)將小五臺(tai)山植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)垂(chui)直帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)譜自山頂(ding)至山基劃分為(wei)亞高山草(cao)(cao)甸(dian)(dian)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、亞高山灌(guan)叢(cong)(cong)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、針葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、針闊混(hun)(hun)(hun)交(jiao)(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、落(luo)葉(xie)(xie)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、人(ren)工(gong)油(you)(you)松(song)林(lin)(lin)(lin)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)、次生(sheng)(sheng)灌(guan)叢(cong)(cong)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)農(nong)田(tian)林(lin)(lin)(lin)果帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)。以(yi)上完整(zheng)而典(dian)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類型(xing)(xing)構成了(le)(le)小五臺(tai)山自然生(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統(tong)主(zhu)體,為(wei)物種多樣性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)遺傳(chuan)多樣性(xing)(xing)提供了(le)(le)廣闊的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)空間(jian),特別為(wei)褐馬雞、金錢豹(bao)等(deng)珍稀(xi)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動物提供了(le)(le)生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)棲息環境,造就了(le)(le)保(bao)護區獨(du)特的(de)(de)地(di)位和(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)護價(jia)值。
小五臺(tai)山(shan)地區(qu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類繁多,是(shi)華北地區(qu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類豐(feng)富的(de)地區(qu)之(zhi)一(yi)。經調(diao)(diao)查(cha)區(qu)內分布(bu)(bu)野生高等植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1637種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),苔蘚(xian)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)38科(ke),98屬(shu)(shu)(shu),共244種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于118科(ke)530屬(shu)(shu)(shu),蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)16科(ke)24屬(shu)(shu)(shu)60種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)4科(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);被(bei)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)98科(ke)497屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1320種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。以(yi)菊科(ke)、禾本(ben)科(ke)、豆科(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類最為(wei)豐(feng)富。在(zai)木(mu)(mu)本(ben)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),以(yi)樺屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、松屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、落葉松屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、云杉屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、櫟屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、楊屬(shu)(shu)(shu)林木(mu)(mu)為(wei)主,構(gou)成小五臺(tai)森林植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)的(de)建(jian)群(qun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或優勢樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)資源植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)較(jiao)多,據(ju)初步調(diao)(diao)查(cha),觀賞植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有367種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)藥植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有390種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),牧草(cao)飼料植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)593種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。根據(ju)國家2005年公布(bu)(bu)的(de)試(shi)行(xing)條例(li),保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)分布(bu)(bu)有國家重點保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有大花(hua)(hua)杓蘭、杓蘭和紫點杓蘭;二(er)級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)主要有野大豆、黃檗、刺(ci)五加等;有臭冷杉、小五臺(tai)銀蓮花(hua)(hua)等珍稀極(ji)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu);以(yi)小五臺(tai)命名(ming)的(de)模式標(biao)本(ben)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),即小五臺(tai)蚤綴、小五臺(tai)風毛(mao)菊、小五臺(tai)柴胡、五臺(tai)山(shan)延胡索、小五臺(tai)銀蓮花(hua)(hua)。
小(xiao)五臺(tai)山自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區在動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)地(di)理區劃位置上隸屬(shu)古北界華北區。經調查(cha)發現保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區分布(bu)(bu)陸棲脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)共計(ji)139種(zhong)(zhong),隸屬(shu)于(yu)4綱19目55科,包括兩棲類2種(zhong)(zhong),爬行類7種(zhong)(zhong),鳥類98種(zhong)(zhong),哺乳類32種(zhong)(zhong)。根據河北省林業局(ju)2006年(nian)公布(bu)(bu)的(de)河北省重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)陸生野(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)名錄,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區分布(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)22種(zhong)(zhong):國(guo)(guo)家(jia)一級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong),分別(bie)為褐(he)馬(ma)雞、金雕(diao)、白肩雕(diao)、大鴇(bao)、黑鸛和(he)(he)豹(bao)。褐(he)馬(ma)雞是世界珍禽(qin)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特有(you)(you)、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)一級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu),在國(guo)(guo)際上,褐(he)馬(ma)雞被譽為“東方(fang)寶(bao)石(shi)”,和(he)(he)“國(guo)(guo)寶(bao)”大熊(xiong)貓(mao)齊名。金錢豹(bao)華北亞種(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)一級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特有(you)(you)亞種(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)二級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)鳶、蒼鷹、勺雞、雕(diao)鸮(xiao)、斑羚等(deng)16種(zhong)(zhong)。河北省重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)生陸生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)27種(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區的(de)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)豐富度指標(biao)在我(wo)國(guo)(guo)北方(fang)是比較高的(de)地(di)區之(zhi)一。
經過調(diao)查發現,小(xiao)五(wu)臺山自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)布有昆(kun)(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)4綱(gang)25目(mu)254科(ke)(ke)1603屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2776種(zhong),其(qi)中,原尾(wei)綱(gang)2目(mu)4科(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)5種(zhong),占(zhan)該(gai)區(qu)(qu)科(ke)(ke)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)1.25%、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)0.28%,種(zhong)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)0.16%;雙尾(wei)綱(gang)1目(mu)1科(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong),占(zhan)該(gai)區(qu)(qu)科(ke)(ke)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)0.31%、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)0.06%和(he)(he)種(zhong)的(de)(de)0.03%;彈(dan)尾(wei)綱(gang)1目(mu)4科(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)6種(zhong),占(zhan)該(gai)區(qu)(qu)科(ke)(ke)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)1.25%、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)0.28%和(he)(he)種(zhong)的(de)(de)0.19%;昆(kun)(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)綱(gang)23目(mu)245科(ke)(ke)1592屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2764種(zhong),分(fen)(fen)別占(zhan)小(xiao)五(wu)臺山總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據的(de)(de)79.31%、76.32%、89.69%和(he)(he)89.45%。科(ke)(ke)級組成以鞘(qiao)翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(49科(ke)(ke))、半翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(44科(ke)(ke))、鱗翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(38科(ke)(ke))和(he)(he)膜翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(34科(ke)(ke))最多,分(fen)(fen)別占(zhan)科(ke)(ke)級總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)15.26%、13.70%、11.84%和(he)(he)10.59%,鱗翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(905種(zhong))、鞘(qiao)翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(564種(zhong))、膜翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(412種(zhong))和(he)(he)雙翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(407種(zhong))這4目(mu)昆(kun)(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)共占(zhan)昆(kun)(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)總(zong)種(zhong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)82.42%,構(gou)成保護區(qu)(qu)昆(kun)(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)的(de)(de)主體。
保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)自(zi)1983年建立以(yi)來,走(zou)過了三十年的歷程,在國(guo)家林業局、省(sheng)林業廳、當(dang)地黨委(wei)政府的領(ling)導和(he)支持下(xia),保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)干部職工求(qiu)實創新、艱苦奮斗(dou),取得(de)了令人矚目(mu)的成就。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)晉升(sheng)國(guo)家級后(hou),編制了總體規劃(hua)(2002-2010),成功實施了兩期保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)建設項目(mu),以(yi)及防火和(he)能力(li)建設項目(mu),基礎設施得(de)到改善(shan),資源(yuan)保護(hu)、科研監測和(he)宣傳教(jiao)育體系初步(bu)建立。
資源保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)是自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)基礎工作、首要工作,主要包括森林防(fang)火和(he)野生(sheng)動(dong)植物資源保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。在森林防(fang)火工作中,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)始終堅持預防(fang)為(wei)(wei)主、積極消滅的(de)(de)方針,每年(nian)10月(yue)1日到(dao)翌年(nian)5月(yue)31日嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)(jin)任何人(ren)進山(shan),清明節期間(jian)(jian)控(kong)制上(shang)墳燒紙,五一勞動(dong)節期間(jian)(jian)控(kong)制燒秸稈(gan)、燎地邊(bian),不(bu)斷加強(qiang)專業(ye)撲火隊建設,取(qu)得了30年(nian)來(lai)無大(da)的(de)(de)森林火災的(de)(de)成績。在資源保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工作中,大(da)力(li)開展(zhan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宣傳,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)內堅決(jue)實行禁(jin)(jin)牧、禁(jin)(jin)采(cai)、禁(jin)(jin)獵,嚴(yan)(yan)格實行進山(shan)證(zheng)制度(du),禁(jin)(jin)止游人(ren)、以及無關(guan)人(ren)員進入保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu),最大(da)限(xian)度(du)地減(jian)少(shao)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)活動(dong)對野生(sheng)動(dong)植物的(de)(de)干擾,使(shi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)內野生(sheng)動(dong)植物資源得到(dao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)恢復,確保(bao)(bao)了褐馬雞等(deng)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物棲息地的(de)(de)完整(zheng)和(he)安全。
對(dui)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)內(nei)野生(sheng)動物及(ji)其(qi)棲息(xi)地的研(yan)究和監測(ce),對(dui)于野生(sheng)動植物保(bao)護(hu)(hu)、管理和種群(qun)恢(hui)復具(ju)有(you)重大意(yi)義。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)積極(ji)與(yu)省內(nei)外各大院校、科(ke)研(yan)院所和各保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)兄(xiong)弟(di)單(dan)位(wei)合作(zuo)開展了一(yi)系列的科(ke)研(yan)和監測(ce)工作(zuo)。
1981年(nian)(nian)(nian),根(gen)據(ju)1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業部等八個部委(wei)聯合簽發(fa)的(de)關(guan)于(yu)加強自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管理(li)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃和(he)(he)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha)工(gong)作的(de)通知(zhi)及河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北省農(nong)委(wei)(1981)7號(hao)文件精(jing)神(shen),以河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北省林(lin)(lin)(lin)業廳為(wei)主,邀請河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北省科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan),對(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)自(zi)然資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)進行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)初步(bu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha)。1987-1993年(nian)(nian)(nian),河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北省林(lin)(lin)(lin)業廳、河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北師范(fan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)系(xi)、霧(wu)靈(ling)(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)聯合開展調查(cha)(cha),獲得(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)標本(ben)(ben)和(he)(he)觀察(cha)(cha)數據(ju),并參(can)閱有(you)關(guan)文獻資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao),編(bian)寫了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《霧(wu)靈(ling)(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)陸生(sheng)脊椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)研究(jiu)(jiu)》,由(you)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)技術出(chu)(chu)版社出(chu)(chu)版。1988年(nian)(nian)(nian),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu) 2次組(zu)(zu)織小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣性(xing)本(ben)(ben)底(di)(di)調查(cha)(cha),并編(bian)輯印刷內(nei)部資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian),由(you)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)微生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)研究(jiu)(jiu)所和(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)菌(jun)(jun)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha)隊(dui)對(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)進行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)菌(jun)(jun)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha)。1995-1998年(nian)(nian)(nian),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)成立(li)(li)褐(he)馬雞課題組(zu)(zu),對(dui)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)褐(he)馬雞分(fen)布、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群數量(liang)和(he)(he)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)特性(xing)進行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)全面調查(cha)(cha),經(jing)(jing)調查(cha)(cha)統計小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)褐(he)馬雞數量(liang)為(wei)2420只左右,主要分(fen)布于(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)核(he)心區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)邀請中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)林(lin)(lin)(lin)科(ke)院(yuan)(yuan)宋朝樞先生(sheng),共同編(bian)撰了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)綜合科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha)報告(gao)》。2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)以來,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)依托(tuo)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北師范(fan)大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)專(zhuan)家(jia)和(he)(he)研究(jiu)(jiu)生(sheng)隊(dui)伍,在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)開展了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)系(xi)統的(de)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)野外考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha),采集了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)標本(ben)(ben),經(jing)(jing)過研究(jiu)(jiu)和(he)(he)鑒定(ding),廣泛查(cha)(cha)閱相關(guan)文獻,共同完成了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)志》的(de)編(bian)輯工(gong)作,2012年(nian)(nian)(nian),利用林(lin)(lin)(lin)業國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)專(zhuan)項補助資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金,由(you)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)出(chu)(chu)版社出(chu)(chu)版。2007-2010年(nian)(nian)(nian),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)邀請省森防站(zhan)退休專(zhuan)家(jia)徐志華(hua)先生(sheng),成立(li)(li)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha)組(zu)(zu)對(dui)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)進行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)本(ben)(ben)底(di)(di)調查(cha)(cha),目前正在編(bian)寫相關(guan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)。2007-2009年(nian)(nian)(nian),依托(tuo)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點(培育)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)和(he)(he)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北省無脊椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)系(xi)統學(xue)(xue)(xue)與應用實驗(yan)室(shi),組(zu)(zu)織國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)20多(duo)(duo)個大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)(he)科(ke)研機構(gou),在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)進行(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)(da)范(fan)圍昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha),進一步(bu)擴大(da)(da)(da)和(he)(he)深化了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(含(han)蜘蛛(zhu))考(kao)(kao)(kao)察(cha)(cha)內(nei)容,獲得(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)10多(duo)(duo)萬件珍貴標本(ben)(ben),經(jing)(jing)專(zhuan)家(jia)鑒定(ding)和(he)(he)對(dui)已有(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)分(fen)析整理(li),本(ben)(ben)次發(fa)現保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)新紀錄昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)(he)蛛(zhu)形動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2434種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)增(zeng)加2354種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),蛛(zhu)形動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)增(zeng)加314種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),發(fa)現16個新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(目前共計62種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)新紀錄6屬和(he)(he)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)北新紀錄334種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)五(wu)(wu)臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)及其毗鄰(lin)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)特有(you)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(也稱土著(zhu)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong))63種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這(zhe)些基礎(chu)研究(jiu)(jiu)為(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)恢復(fu)提供了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)可靠的(de)理(li)論依據(ju)。
向(xiang)公眾普及自(zi)然知識(shi)是保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)發展(zhan)的(de)需要(yao),也是保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)責(ze)任和義務。我國(guo)(guo)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)起步相對(dui)較晚,尚未得(de)到社(she)會(hui)(hui)的(de)普遍了(le)(le)(le)解和充(chong)分支持,這就需要(yao)廣泛(fan)的(de),持久的(de)宣傳(chuan)教(jiao)(jiao)育,逐步提高(gao)(gao)人(ren)(ren)們對(dui)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)重(zhong)要(yao)性的(de)認(ren)識(shi),使人(ren)(ren)們自(zi)覺加入野(ye)(ye)生動植物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)者(zhe)行列,促進生態(tai)文明(ming)建設。多(duo)年來,保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面向(xiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生和自(zi)然愛(ai)好(hao)者(zhe),開展(zhan)了(le)(le)(le)大量的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)習、夏(xia)令營和科(ke)考(kao)活動,成為(wei)北(bei)京(jing)師(shi)范大學(xue)(xue)(xue)、河北(bei)師(shi)范大學(xue)(xue)(xue)等多(duo)所(suo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)和科(ke)研基地(di),2000年被宋慶(qing)齡基金(jin)會(hui)(hui)命名為(wei)“宋慶(qing)齡基金(jin)會(hui)(hui)野(ye)(ye)生生物(wu)基金(jin)管(guan)理(li)委員會(hui)(hui)青(qing)少年科(ke)普教(jiao)(jiao)育基地(di)”,2010年被省科(ke)技廳授(shou)予“河北(bei)省青(qing)少年科(ke)技教(jiao)(jiao)育基地(di)”,2012年,被中國(guo)(guo)林學(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)授(shou)予“全(quan)國(guo)(guo)林業科(ke)普基地(di)”。2009年建立(li)了(le)(le)(le)楊家坪科(ke)普展(zhan)覽廳,2011年建立(li)了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)官方網(wang)站,創(chuang)辦了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內部刊物(wu)《小五臺(tai)山(shan)》,2012年建立(li)了(le)(le)(le)小五臺(tai)山(shan)自(zi)然博物(wu)館,在新浪網(wang)開通(tong)了(le)(le)(le)小五臺(tai)山(shan)官方微博,為(wei)提高(gao)(gao)公眾自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)意識(shi)做出了(le)(le)(le)積(ji)極(ji)努力。
在(zai)長期的(de)保(bao)護和管理(li)下,區內植(zhi)被(bei)得到恢復,生態(tai)環境得到改善,生物多樣性明(ming)顯增(zeng)加(jia)。保(bao)護區建立(li)以(yi)來,森林(lin)覆蓋(gai)率由1986年(nian)的(de)54.9%增(zeng)加(jia)到76.4%。在(zai)1999年(nian)和2006年(nian),河北(bei)師范大(da)學教授趙(zhao)建成先后發現(xian)并(bing)命名苔蘚(xian)新種中華(hua)大(da)帽蘚(xian)和亞洲大(da)帽蘚(xian)。2008年(nian),中科院院士(shi)王文采發現(xian)并(bing)命名小五臺銀(yin)蓮花。2012年(nian)11月(yue),監(jian)測發現(xian)多個褐馬(ma)雞(ji)種群,以(yi)及勺(shao)雞(ji)、赤狐、斑羚、豹貓。2013年(nian)4月(yue)監(jian)測發現(xian)金(jin)錢豹華(hua)北(bei)亞種。