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歷史沿革

1982年，經湖南省人(ren)民政(zheng)府批準建(jian)立八大公(gong)山自然保護區(qu)。

1986年，經國務院批準(zhun)為中國首批“國家(jia)級(ji)自然(ran)保護區”。

1990年，經(jing)張家(jia)界市(shi)人民政府(fu)批準成立“湖(hu)南八(ba)大公山國(guo)家(jia)級自然(ran)保護區管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)處”。下(xia)設一(yi)室四科(ke)六站(zhan)(zhan)兩所，即辦公室、財(cai)務科(ke)、資(zi)源保護科(ke)、公安消防科(ke)、社區共(gong)管(guan)(guan)科(ke)、杉木界管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)站(zhan)(zhan)、斗篷山管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)站(zhan)(zhan)、天平山管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)站(zhan)(zhan)、楠木坪檢查站(zhan)(zhan)、病蟲害防治(zhi)檢疫站(zhan)(zhan)、天平山原始森林接待站(zhan)(zhan)、科(ke)研(yan)所和派出所。

地理環境

位置

八大公山國家級自然保(bao)護區位于湖南省桑植(zhi)縣的(de)北部邊陲，地(di)處云貴(gui)高原(yuan)古陸塊東北邊緣的(de)武陵山脈的(de)北端，地(di)理(li)坐(zuo)標為(wei)東經109°41'45"-110°09'50"，北緯29°39 '18"—29°49'48"。

土壤

保護區露(lu)出地(di)層(ceng)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)為古生代的寒武紀、志(zhi)留紀、泥盆(pen)紀和(he)二迭紀的地(di)層(ceng)，基巖(yan)(yan)(yan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)為石(shi)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、板巖(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)頁巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類(lei)型(xing)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有山地(di)黃(huang)棕(zong)壤(rang)、石(shi)灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)和(he)山地(di)沼澤土(tu)(tu)。其中山地(di)黃(huang)棕(zong)壤(rang)成土(tu)(tu)母巖(yan)(yan)(yan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)板頁巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、細砂巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、粉砂巖(yan)(yan)(yan)；石(shi)灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)成土(tu)(tu)母巖(yan)(yan)(yan)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)深灰(hui)色灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、泥質(zhi)(zhi)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、豹(bao)皮狀和(he)泥質(zhi)(zhi)條帶灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、瘤狀灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、白云質(zhi)(zhi)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)等。海(hai)拔1000米以(yi)上為山地(di)黃(huang)棕(zong)壤(rang)，是(shi)自然保護區分布面積廣泛的土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類(lei)型(xing)。海(hai)拔1000米以(yi)下為山地(di)黃(huang)壤(rang)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)深厚、肥沃，但缺磷，呈酸性，pH值5～6之(zhi)間。

氣候

保護區屬于亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)山地濕潤季風(feng)氣(qi)候。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)攝氏(shi)11.5℃；最(zui)(zui)冷(leng)月(yue)（1月(yue)）平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)攝氏(shi)0.1℃, 最(zui)(zui)熱月(yue)（7月(yue)）平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)攝氏(shi)22.8℃，極(ji)端最(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度在攝氏(shi)-10℃～-15℃。無(wu)霜期190天左右；全年(nian)積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)攝氏(shi)3621.6℃。其積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、最(zui)(zui)冷(leng)月(yue)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和極(ji)端最(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)等氣(qi)象因子具有北亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)向暖溫(wen)(wen)(wen)帶(dai)(dai)過渡的氣(qi)候特(te)色。

年(nian)平均降水量(liang)為(wei)2105.4毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米，最高達(da)2840.1毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米，雨日(ri)176天，海拔每升高100米，平均增加水量(liang)79.3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米。是湖南三大暴雨中(zhong)心之一，年(nian)蒸發(fa)量(liang)400毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米左右，為(wei)年(nian)降水量(liang)的20%，按技(ji)術規程(cheng)計算，全年(nian)流(liu)出的水量(liang)約(yue)4.5億立方米。全年(nian)相對濕度在(zai)90%以上，屬于濕潤地區(qu)。全年(nian)霧(wu)日(ri)數達(da)145天，年(nian)輻射量(liang)較低(di)。

地形

八大公山(shan)(shan)西(xi)北有(you)鄂西(xi)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)，再(zai)往(wang)北有(you)秦巴(ba)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)層迭屏障，西(xi)南為(wei)黔東高(gao)原，東南有(you)武(wu)陵(ling)、雪峰山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)相間(jian)突起(qi)，東端則向(xiang)洞庭湖區逐漸降低，處(chu)于一個半(ban)輻合狀的群山(shan)(shan)之間(jian)。偏(pian)南濕(shi)潤空氣易進入滯留，凝云致雨(yu)的機(ji)會較多(duo)，使區內動植物在生境(jing)上具有(you)得(de)天(tian)獨厚的條(tiao)件和優(you)越的地(di)(di)理背景(jing)。

面積范圍

八大(da)公(gong)山國家級自然保護區東西長45千米(mi)，南(nan)北(bei)寬16千米(mi)。東與(yu)桑植縣(xian)的龍潭(tan)坪鎮接(jie)壤，南(nan)與(yu)芭茅(mao)溪鄉、五道水鎮、八大(da)公(gong)山鄉毗鄰，西與(yu)湖(hu)(hu)南(nan)省龍山縣(xian)相連，北(bei)與(yu)湖(hu)(hu)北(bei)省宣恩、來鳳、鶴峰毗鄰。總面(mian)積2萬公(gong)頃。

保護對象

八大公(gong)山(shan)(shan)國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)屬于森(sen)林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)類(lei)型自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)，是(shi)以保(bao)護亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)(dai)常(chang)綠(lv)落葉(xie)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)和野生(sheng)動物為(wei)主的森(sen)林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)系統類(lei)型自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)  八大公(gong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)護區(qu)管轄的重點生(sheng)態(tai)公(gong)益林(lin)(lin)有(you)23468公(gong)頃，分天(tian)平山(shan)(shan)、杉(shan)木(mu)界、斗篷山(shan)(shan)三大林(lin)(lin)區(qu)，木(mu)材蓄積量為(wei)110萬(wan)立方(fang)米，森(sen)林(lin)(lin)覆蓋率達93.4%，是(shi)亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)(dai)地區(qu)保(bao)存完整、面積大的天(tian)然(ran)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)，并(bing)具有(you)獨特的亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)(dai)山(shan)(shan)地森(sen)林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)系統特點。

植物

八大(da)(da)公(gong)山國家(jia)(jia)(jia)級自然保(bao)(bao)護區區內植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)類豐富，據(ju)調查統(tong)計，有高等(deng)(deng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)216科2408種(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中，屬國家(jia)(jia)(jia)Ⅰ級保(bao)(bao)護野生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有珙桐、光葉珙桐、南方(fang)紅豆(dou)杉(shan)、紅豆(dou)杉(shan)、鐘(zhong)萼木、銀杏等(deng)(deng)6種(zhong)(zhong)；屬國家(jia)(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)29種(zhong)(zhong)；瀕(bin)危植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)(zhong)；漸(jian)危植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong)；稀有植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)16種(zhong)(zhong)；模(mo)式標(biao)本(ben)產地物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)5種(zhong)(zhong)。上述屬科植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)中，有藥用植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)1000余種(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中，有被譽為“四大(da)(da)藥王”的烏金(jin)七、金(jin)盤七，還有竹(zhu)節人(ren)參、天麻、黃蓮、七葉一枝花等(deng)(deng)一大(da)(da)批珍貴(gui)藥材。還是桑植(zhi)(zhi)椴、桑植(zhi)(zhi)吊(diao)石巨苔、桑植(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)節竹(zhu)、修葉啼蓋(gai)蕨(jue)、邊(bian)生鱗毛蕨(jue)等(deng)(deng)5種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)的模(mo)式標(biao)本(ben)產地。

八大(da)公山(shan)屬(shu)于(yu)泛北(bei)(bei)極植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，中(zhong)國(guo)—日本森林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)華中(zhong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)組(zu)(zu)成以熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)亞(ya)(ya)洲植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)、北(bei)(bei)溫帶(dai)(dai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)、東南(nan)亞(ya)(ya)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)，以及東亞(ya)(ya)——北(bei)(bei)美植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)成分。植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)不僅具有(you)北(bei)(bei)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)典型(xing)(xing)特點，而且，還明顯反映(ying)出亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)向暖(nuan)溫帶(dai)(dai)過(guo)渡的(de)特征。是(shi)東亞(ya)(ya)兩大(da)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)重要(yao)(yao)交(jiao)匯區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域，具有(you)極為(wei)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)地(di)(di)理學研(yan)究價值。分布(bu)有(you)中(zhong)國(guo)種(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)屬(shu)15個地(di)(di)理分布(bu)類型(xing)(xing)中(zhong)的(de)14個，含(han)5個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)(xing)組(zu)(zu)、9個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)(xing)、13個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)亞(ya)(ya)型(xing)(xing)、19個群(qun)系(xi)(xi)組(zu)(zu)，26個群(qun)系(xi)(xi)、36個群(qun)叢(cong) 。由于(yu)地(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)復雜 ，山(shan)勢高差大(da)，生(sheng)態環境在(zai)空間形(xing)(xing)成多個梯度，植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)具有(you)明顯的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)分布(bu)帶(dai)(dai)。通(tong)過(guo)30塊(kuai)標(biao)準地(di)(di)27325平(ping)方米樣地(di)(di)調(diao)查結果表(biao)明：基帶(dai)(dai)典型(xing)(xing)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)屬(shu)于(yu)中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)山(shan)地(di)(di)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)；海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)1000米以上則為(wei)常(chang)綠(lv)、落(luo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)混交(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)；山(shan)脊部為(wei)山(shan)頂(ding)矮林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)、喬木樹種(zhong)普遍(bian)矮化。據樣地(di)(di)調(diao)查，其主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)類型(xing)(xing)有(you)：以鐵杉屬(shu)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)針(zhen)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)混交(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)1500米左(zuo)右）；以原生(sheng)型(xing)(xing)杉木林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)暖(nuan)性針(zhen)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)1220米）；以亮葉(xie)(xie)(xie)水(shui)青岡林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)落(luo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)1400-1890米）；常(chang)綠(lv)、落(luo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)(ba)1000-1400米左(zuo)右)如：地(di)(di)錦槭（多脈青岡是(shi)這個地(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)頂(ding)極群(qun)落(luo)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)群(qun)種(zhong)）；常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)（1000米以下(xia)）。

動物

八大公山國(guo)家級(ji)自然(ran)保護(hu)區有(you)陸(lu)地(di)脊椎動物21目(mu)(mu)64科237種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中獸類8目(mu)(mu)20科45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鳥(niao)(niao)類9目(mu)(mu)27科135種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（留鳥(niao)(niao)97種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、夏候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、冬候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、爬(pa)行類2目(mu)(mu)10科39種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（毒蛇3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、兩(liang)棲類2目(mu)(mu)7科18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)昆蟲22目(mu)(mu)177科4175種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（其(qi)中新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)34個、天(tian)敵昆蟲12目(mu)(mu)58科411種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。

區內(nei)有國家重點保(bao)護和珍貴瀕危動物15目28科86種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬國家一級保(bao)護的有金(jin)錢(qian)豹(bao)、云(yun)豹(bao)、林麝、白冠(guan)長尾雉(zhi)、金(jin)雕(diao)等5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級保(bao)護的有獼猴、毛冠(guan)鹿(lu)、蘇門羚、水(shui)鹿(lu)、大(da)(da)鯢、紅腹角雉(zhi)等51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，省(sheng)重點保(bao)護的20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、八大(da)(da)公山(shan)保(bao)護區特有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1991年(nian)聯合國野生(sheng)動物基(ji)金(jin)會專家從(cong)糞(fen)便、足跡上(shang)判斷，認(ren)定(ding)保(bao)護區內(nei)有華南虎(hu)。

管理措施

1990年，自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)管理處成立(li)(li)后(hou)，不(bu)(bu)僅物種(zhong)種(zhong)群(qun)穩定，自(zi)然演替和(he)更新狀態良好，且生(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性程度明顯提(ti)(ti)高(gao)。這充分說明了(le)建立(li)(li)保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)并開展保護(hu)(hu)管理之后(hou)，實現了(le)由(you)“荒山到(dao)植被恢復”和(he)“不(bu)(bu)穩定生(sheng)(sheng)境類(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)”向“穩定性生(sheng)(sheng)境類(lei)(lei)型(xing)(xing)”轉(zhuan)變(bian)的過程，從而提(ti)(ti)高(gao)了(le)生(sheng)(sheng)物物種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)境質量，維持了(le)整個森林生(sheng)(sheng)態系統的良性循環。

基礎設施

管(guan)理處成立以來(lai)，先后實施了八(ba)大公(gong)山(shan)自然(ran)保護(hu)區一、二期基(ji)本建(jian)設工程。共完成固定資產投資1046萬(wan)元，修(xiu)建(jian)3個(ge)管(guan)理站，1棟辦公(gong)樓和1棟接(jie)待站，房屋建(jian)筑面積達(da)6700㎡；架(jia)設輸電線路(lu)60公(gong)里(li)；修(xiu)筑林區公(gong)路(lu)50公(gong)里(li)；購置車輛、對(dui)講機、滅火(huo)(huo)器具等巡護(hu)和防火(huo)(huo)設備；修(xiu)建(jian)防火(huo)(huo)線路(lu)80公(gong)里(li)，護(hu)林便道85公(gong)里(li)；改造低壓線路(lu)56公(gong)里(li)；修(xiu)建(jian)防火(huo)(huo)了望臺(tai)4座；埋設保護(hu)區界(jie)樁、界(jie)牌187個(ge)。

基礎科研

八大公山(shan)自然(ran)保護(hu)區管理(li)處成立以來，物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名錄所記載(zai)的(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)比1981年調(diao)查(cha)時增(zeng)加了2320種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)593種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),脊(ji)椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)166種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，昆蟲668種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕨類植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)507種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、真菌386種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名錄更新方面，植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)新增(zeng)加湖(hu)南新記錄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)59種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；昆蟲發現(xian)新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)62種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，發現(xian)新屬1，新增(zeng)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)新記錄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，真菌新增(zeng)湖(hu)南省(sheng)新記錄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。已基本(ben)弄清了八大公山(shan)國(guo)家(jia)自然(ran)保護(hu)區國(guo)家(jia)重點保護(hu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共有153種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)重點保護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)99種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)重點保護(hu)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)家(jia)一級保護(hu)動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)分(fen)別(bie)為5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

項目建設

實施林(lin)(lin)業持續(xu)發展、公益林(lin)(lin)保護(hu)(hu)、標本制作(zuo)等項(xiang)目。林(lin)(lin)業持續(xu)項(xiang)目不僅為(wei)自然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)提(ti)供了大(da)量資金(jin)支(zhi)援(yuan)，還在(zai)培養專(zhuan)業人(ren)才(cai)、提(ti)高保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)保護(hu)(hu)管理能力(li)和(he)改(gai)善社區(qu)關系方面產生了積(ji)極影響(xiang)，對加(jia)速保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)的(de)建設進程有(you)著十分重要的(de)現(xian)實和(he)歷史意義(yi)。公益林(lin)(lin)保護(hu)(hu)項(xiang)目實施后，林(lin)(lin)區(qu)林(lin)(lin)農收入得到增(zeng)加(jia)，森林(lin)(lin)得到有(you)效保護(hu)(hu)，生態環境明顯(xian)改(gai)善。標本制作(zuo)項(xiang)目的(de)實施，進一步提(ti)高我區(qu)標本制作(zuo)水平和(he)科(ke)研能力(li)，為(wei)我區(qu)今后科(ke)研監測工作(zuo)奠(dian)定(ding)了堅實的(de)基礎。

宣傳教育

建(jian)區(qu)之初，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)邊界糾(jiu)紛不(bu)斷，亂(luan)采濫(lan)挖，亂(luan)捕濫(lan)獵(lie)，亂(luan)砍濫(lan)伐現象十(shi)分嚴重。管(guan)理(li)處借助林業持續發展，大(da)力開展社區(qu)項目活動，使周(zhou)邊社區(qu)的(de)(de)居民在獲取一定(ding)利益的(de)(de)同時，接受到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)生物多樣(yang)性保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)知識的(de)(de)教(jiao)育。通過(guo)廣(guang)泛宣傳，還得到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)縣委(wei)縣政(zheng)府對保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)建(jian)設工作的(de)(de)極大(da)支持和重視。2007年，建(jian)立了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)網(wang)站，為擴(kuo)大(da)知名度，宣傳保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)發揮了(le)(le)(le)重要作用(yong)。

開發利用

地貌景觀

八(ba)大峰高(gao)聳(song)，層巒疊嶂，幽谷深澈，海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)千米以上的(de)高(gao)峰多達351座(zuo)(zuo)，最高(gao)海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1890.4米，最低海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)395米，相對高(gao)差(cha)之(zhi)大，足見山體之(zhi)雄偉。從山腳(jiao)向(xiang)上眺(tiao)望，一(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)座(zuo)(zuo)山峰高(gao)聳(song)云(yun)端，參差(cha)迭宕，如(ru)黛似(si)煙。漫步林中(zhong)，鬼(gui)斧神鑿的(de)“一(yi)線(xian)天(tian)”和“獅(shi)子巖”、造(zao)型(xing)逼真的(de)“棋盤巖”等(deng)叫人(ren)凝神駐(zhu)足，流連忘返。區內群山起伏，奇(qi)峰突起，40多條山脈縱橫交錯，599座(zuo)(zuo)山峰星羅棋布，山體切割(ge)強烈，神奇(qi)的(de)造(zao)山運(yun)動(dong)使有(you)的(de)山頭尖如(ru)利刃，有(you)的(de)彎如(ru)牛角，有(you)的(de)直如(ru)筆桿，有(you)的(de)形如(ru)牛鞭。還有(you)地下溶(rong)洞的(de)巖景雄偉壯觀，擬人(ren)擬物(wu)，形態逼真，天(tian)工(gong)巧奪(duo)，鬼(gui)斧神工(gong)令(ling)人(ren)稱奇(qi)。

水文景觀

八大(da)(da)公山(shan)(shan)自然保護區(qu)是澧水、婁水和以及湖北清江水系的發(fa)源地(di)，區(qu)內溪溝縱(zong)橫(heng)，有大(da)(da)小溪溝352條，多樣的地(di)形(xing)地(di)貌使區(qu)內水域景觀豐(feng)富多姿。瀑布是八大(da)(da)公山(shan)(shan)一道亮麗的風景線(xian)，情(qing)人(ren)瀑、彩虹瀑、烏龍瀑等521個瀑布點綴在萬綠叢中，使八大(da)(da)公山(shan)(shan)迷人(ren)的景色更是增輝(hui)添彩。

八大公山(shan)保護(hu)區人文旅游資源，主要分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在土家族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)、白族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)、苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)、回族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)、壯族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)等少數民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)聚居區內。此區域內的各(ge)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)原住民(min)(min)和睦(mu)相處，耕(geng)耘勞作，在長期的生(sheng)息繁衍中形成了各(ge)自(zi)獨具特色的生(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)式和民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)風(feng)(feng)情(qing)，至今還保留了一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)傳統文化和民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)風(feng)(feng)情(qing)，如哭嫁、跳喪舞、擺手舞、對山(shan)歌、三棒鼓、月(yue)辦節、打(da)溜子、九節鞭，還有以(yi)吊腳樓為典型代(dai)表的民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)建筑，這(zhe)些(xie)足以(yi)構成一(yi)部嶄新的民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)風(feng)(feng)情(qing)寶典。大革(ge)命時期，這(zhe)里曾是(shi)老一(yi)輩(bei)無產階(jie)級革(ge)命家賀龍(long)(long)、肖克、王震、廖(liao)漢生(sheng)、賀錦(jin)齋等革(ge)命先(xian)輩(bei)浴(yu)血奮(fen)戰(zhan)的地方(fang)。賀龍(long)(long)元帥兩(liang)把(ba)菜刀鬧(nao)革(ge)命，毛埡城(cheng)堡，江西坎剿匪等紀念(nian)地舊(jiu)址尚存(cun)。

地位價值

八大(da)公(gong)(gong)山保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)被國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內外專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)學(xue)者(zhe)譽為(wei)“天(tian)然(ran)博物(wu)(wu)(wu)館”和“物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)因庫”，是(shi)(shi)目前亞熱帶地區(qu)(qu)保(bao)存完整(zheng)、面積大(da)常(chang)綠(lv)落葉闊(kuo)葉混交林(lin)原(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)林(lin)區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。區(qu)(qu)內有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)保(bao)護(hu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)153種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)、二(er)級保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)珙(gong)桐、鐘萼木等(deng)23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)特有(you)(you)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)30科(ke)(ke)，朱蘭、石蔸蘭等(deng)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被列(lie)(lie)(lie)入《瀕(bin)危野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)貿(mao)易公(gong)(gong)約(yue)》，是(shi)(shi)桑植(zhi)(zhi)椴、桑植(zhi)(zhi)大(da)節(jie)竹等(deng)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)模式標本產地；有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)、二(er)級保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)云豹(bao)、黑熊等(deng)40余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)特有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)尾突(tu)角蟾、桑植(zhi)(zhi)角蟾、桑植(zhi)(zhi)蛙、華(hua)西雨蛙武陵亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。八大(da)公(gong)(gong)山保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)1993年被納入“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)圈網絡(luo)”；被《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)保(bao)護(hu)行動(dong)計(ji)劃(hua)》列(lie)(lie)(lie)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)優先保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統名錄；由(you)聯合國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)環(huan)境(jing)規(gui)劃(hua)署資助完成的(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)情研究(jiu)報告》將其列(lie)(lie)(lie)為(wei)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)具(ju)有(you)(you)全(quan)球意義(yi)的(de)17個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)關鍵地區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)；被世界自(zi)然(ran)基(ji)金會(hui)列(lie)(lie)(lie)為(wei)全(quan)球200個(ge)重要(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態地區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)；在(zai)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)現狀及(ji)其保(bao)護(hu)對策(ce)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)列(lie)(lie)(lie)為(wei)“具(ju)有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)意義(yi)的(de)陸地生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)關鍵地區(qu)(qu)”；是(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級科(ke)(ke)技攻關課題“我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亞熱帶森林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)(xing)保(bao)護(hu)技術研究(jiu)”基(ji)地；還是(shi)(shi)芬(fen)蘭赫爾辛基(ji)大(da)學(xue)的(de)教學(xue)實習(xi)基(ji)地和全(quan)球環(huan)境(jing)基(ji)金贈(zeng)款實施的(de)“林(lin)業持續發(fa)展(zhan)項目”區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。

1986年經國務院(yuan)批準為我國首批“國家(jia)級自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區”，也是(shi)湖南省(sheng)第一個、張(zhang)家(jia)界市一個國家(jia)級自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區的(de)建立，對研(yan)究亞(ya)熱帶森林發生發展規律和保(bao)護(hu)(hu)珍(zhen)稀瀕危(wei)動植物(wu)具重要的(de)科學價值(zhi)。