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歷史沿革

保護區始建于1994年，2001年(nian)經江西省人民政府批準(zhun)晉(jin)升為省級自然(ran)保護區(qu)，2008年(nian)經國(guo)務院批準(zhun)晉(jin)升為國(guo)家級自然(ran)保護區(qu)。

地理環境

地理位置

保(bao)護(hu)區位(wei)于江西省資溪縣(xian)的東北部，地(di)處武夷山脈中段，閩贛交界的武夷山脈西麓，地(di)理坐標為東經117°09'11"-117'18"，北緯27°40'50"-27°53'52"。?

東(dong)(dong)由與福(fu)建(jian)省交界的(de)野(ye)雞(ji)頂起，向(xiang)南(nan)至觀(guan)音尖，再至南(nan)邊的(de)1224米山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)，沿(yan)東(dong)(dong)港(gang)與南(nan)港(gang)分水(shui)山(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)到西邊的(de)月峰(feng)山(shan)(shan)，向(xiang)北(bei)沿(yan)山(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)至東(dong)(dong)源橋頭，跨昌坪河到高阜尖至東(dong)(dong)坑村(cun)后山(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)，沿(yan)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)方向(xiang)山(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)到五臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)，轉向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)沿(yan)山(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)至黃(huang)茅寨小(xiao)路向(xiang)北(bei)，至與貴溪(xi)縣(xian)交界的(de)香臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)，再沿(yan)資溪(xi)、貴溪(xi)縣(xian)界向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)到與福(fu)建(jian)交界點向(xiang)南(nan)回到東(dong)(dong)面與福(fu)建(jian)交界的(de)野(ye)雞(ji)頂止。

地形地貌

馬(ma)頭山國(guo)家(jia)級自(zi)然保(bao)護區地(di)(di)貌大致(zhi)具(ju)有(you)盆嶺(ling)相間，棋(qi)盤格狀展布之格局.大多為燕山期(qi)花崗(gang)巖，土壤(rang)為花崗(gang)巖風化形(xing)成的(de)山地(di)(di)紅壤(rang)，山地(di)(di)黃紅壤(rang)和山地(di)(di)黃壤(rang)，以及小范圍(wei)的(de)山地(di)(di)草甸土。

氣候特征

氣候屬亞(ya)熱帶濕潤(run)季(ji)風(feng)氣候，年(nian)(nian)均氣溫(wen)16～18℃，年(nian)(nian)均降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)192919mm，相對濕度83%。年(nian)(nian)均輻(fu)射量(liang)(liang)為10069711/cm2，年(nian)(nian)均日(ri)照為159716小時(shi)，年(nian)(nian)均霜(shuang)期270天，年(nian)(nian)均霧日(ri)88天。

保護對象

森林資源

保護(hu)區位于武夷山脈中段腹(fu)地，森(sen)林植(zhi)被(bei)以(yi)天然常綠闊葉林為(wei)主，森(sen)林覆蓋率達(da)96.3%，生態環境優良，生物(wu)(wu)多樣性豐富(fu)。區內(nei)有高(gao)等植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)275科(ke)1005屬2483種，陸生脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)27目91科(ke)387種。

馬頭山(shan)自然保護區(qu)保存有較大范(fan)圍的(de)(de)原生(sheng)性(xing)較強的(de)(de)天(tian)然常綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林，生(sheng)物多(duo)樣性(xing)極為(wei)豐富。高等植物約(yue)2500種，其(qi)中屬國(guo)家重(zhong)點保護植物名錄(第一批)有20余種，長葉(xie)榧(Torreyajackii)和蛛網萼(Platycraterargnta)，江(jiang)西僅在此有分(fen)布。

動物資源

其(qi)中國(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)生植物(wu)有20種(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)生動物(wu)有54種(zhong)。保(bao)護(hu)區主要(yao)保(bao)護(hu)對象為(wei)美毛含笑、蛛網萼、伯(bo)樂樹(shu)等(deng)大面(mian)積的珍稀植物(wu)原生種(zhong)群，其(qi)中屬國(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)植物(wu)長葉(xie)榧(Torreyajackii)、蛛網萼(Platycraterargnta)為(wei)保(bao)護(hu)區全省特有物(wu)種(zhong)。還有南方紅豆杉(shan)、福(fu)建柏、天然杉(shan)木、伯(bo)樂樹(shu)、莼菜、報春(chun)苣苔(tai)、白頸(jing)長尾雉(zhi)、黃腹角雉(zhi)、云豹、獼猴、黑(hei)熊(xiong)等(deng)珍稀野(ye)生動植物(wu)物(wu)種(zhong)。

藥用資源

有(you)豐(feng)富(fu)的野(ye)生攀緣(yuan)(yuan)植物資源， 通過野(ye)外(wai)采集(ji)及標本(ben)的整(zheng)理鑒(jian)定，初步確認該(gai)區(qu)共(gong)有(you)攀緣(yuan)(yuan)植物40科(ke)92屬222種(包括種下等(deng)級(ji))。根據對馬頭山(shan)攀緣(yuan)(yuan)植物區(qu)系分析的結果(guo)，該(gai)區(qu)攀緣(yuan)(yuan)植物區(qu)系具有(you)以下特征：(1)種類(lei)(lei)組成(cheng)(cheng)豐(feng)富(fu)，地理成(cheng)(cheng)分復(fu)雜；(2)區(qu)系中熱帶性地理成(cheng)(cheng)分占主(zhu)導地位；(3)區(qu)系成(cheng)(cheng)分相對古老，特有(you)類(lei)(lei)群豐(feng)富(fu)，多(duo)型(xing)性突(tu)出；(4)華(hua)東區(qu)系特征明顯(xian)。

藥用植物資源(yuan)分(fen)布(bu)

初步(bu)查明馬頭山(shan)自然(ran)保護區內(nei)有藥(yao)用植(zhi)物(wu)1647種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)231科759屬(shu)，其中裸子植(zhi)物(wu)為(wei)13種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)8科13屬(shu)，被子植(zhi)物(wu)1483種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)161科653屬(shu)。區內(nei)常(chang)用中藥(yao)為(wei)187種(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)用真菌29種(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)用苔蘚27種(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)用蕨類88種(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)用種(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)物(wu)1494種(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)用珍(zhen)稀瀕危植(zhi)物(wu)62種(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)用特有植(zhi)物(wu)18種(zhong)(zhong)，江西地理記錄新分布8種(zhong)(zhong)。

（1）常用中藥植物

江西是中(zhong)(zhong)國中(zhong)(zhong)藥材(cai)主要產(chan)區之一，收(shou)購使用的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)藥有(you)(you)342種(zhong)，而保護區內的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)藥就有(you)(you)187種(zhong)(《中(zhong)(zhong)國藥典》2000年版收(shou)載的(de))。數量較多的(de)有(you)(you)銀(yin)杏，側柏(bo)，厚樸，烏藥，仙鶴草，金櫻子，葛，忍(ren)冬(dong)，旌節花，吳茱萸，女貞，絡(luo)石，梔子，鉤藤(teng)，烏頭，威靈仙，大(da)血藤(teng)，半夏，白及等。

（2）藥用真菌植物

馬頭山自(zi)然保護區鑒定了的真(zhen)菌(jun)有(you)91種(zhong)，其(qi)中29種(zhong)為藥(yao)用真(zhen)菌(jun)，如銀(yin)耳，黑木耳，靈芝，茯(fu)(fu)苓，香(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)，紫(zi)紅菇(gu)(gu)，絨(rong)紫(zi)紅菇(gu)(gu)，菱紅菇(gu)(gu)，側(ce)耳，竹蓀等。靈芝，銀(yin)耳，黑木耳，茯(fu)(fu)苓為常(chang)用中藥(yao)，在臨床上具有(you)較好的治療(liao)效果。此(ci)外，許多種(zhong)類是食藥(yao)兩用的真(zhen)菌(jun)，如潔麗(li)香(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)，硬毛(mao)香(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)，松(song)乳菇(gu)(gu)，毛(mao)木耳等種(zhong)。

（3）藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)蕨(jue)(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)物江西省(sheng)蕨(jue)(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)(you)433種(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)114屬(shu)(shu)49科(ke)，其中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)蕨(jue)(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)物為(wei)195種(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)84屬(shu)(shu)45科(ke)。馬頭山(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)的(de)蕨(jue)(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)物共有(you)(you)142種(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)62屬(shu)(shu)30科(ke)，其中(zhong)《中(zhong)國藥(yao)(yao)典》，《中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)志》所收(shou)載(zai)的(de)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)8種(zhong)，它們(men)分別為(wei)石松，紫萁，海(hai)金沙，烏蕨(jue)(jue)，野雞尾，石韋，卷柏(bo)，槲(hu)蕨(jue)(jue)等。214藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物馬頭山(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)內(nei)的(de)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物有(you)(you)1494種(zhong)(包括常(chang)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)，特有(you)(you)種(zhong)，珍稀(xi)瀕危種(zhong)，新分布等)，其中(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)裸(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物13種(zhong)，雙子(zi)葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)物1294種(zhong)，單(dan)子(zi)葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)物106種(zhong)。?

（4）藥(yao)用(yong)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀瀕危植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)護區內除具有豐富的中藥(yao)及(ji)藥(yao)用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，藥(yao)用(yong)蕨類(lei)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)等資源外，尚(shang)有許多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀瀕危植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，其中有相當(dang)部(bu)分種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)為(wei)藥(yao)用(yong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，區內共有藥(yao)用(yong)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀瀕危植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)62種(zhong)(zhong)，它們(men)分別是鵝掌楸，乳源木蓮，東方古(gu)柯(ke)，青牛膽(dan)，扯根草(cao)，半蒴(shuo)苣(ju)苔，福建柏，短梗大參(can)/花葉開唇蘭，石斛等種(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)護區內繁(fan)多(duo)的野生植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)中，有18種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)特有植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，隸屬12屬13科，均為(wei)藥(yao)用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)，分別為(wei)銀杏(xing)，臘梅(mei)(mei)，亮葉臘梅(mei)(mei)，喜(xi)樹，青錢柳，杜仲，枸杞，華紫(zi)珠，老鴉糊(hu)，廣東紫(zi)珠，長柄紫(zi)。

藥用植物資源

馬頭山自然保護(hu)區(qu)內(nei)1647種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)231科759屬(shu)(shu)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)區(qu)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)廣(guang)泛，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)屬(shu)(shu)14個(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)區(qu)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)和16個(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)區(qu)變型(xing)[8]，單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)，單(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)科約有(you)10個(ge)(ge)，其中常用(yong)(yong)中藥(yao)(yao)材為(wei)(wei)187種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(均(jun)為(wei)(wei)《中國藥(yao)(yao)典》2000年版收載)，尚有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)繁多的(de)(de)民間草藥(yao)(yao)。從資源(yuan)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)(lei)群及性狀組成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析，1647種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)中，藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)藻類(lei)(lei)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)真菌(jun)類(lei)(lei)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)地衣(yi)類(lei)(lei)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)苔蘚27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)蕨(jue)類(lei)(lei)88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，雙子(zi)葉植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)1296種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，單(dan)子(zi)葉植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)106種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。草本植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)1002種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，木本植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)423種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，藤本植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)157種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。區(qu)內(nei)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)自然條(tiao)件為(wei)(wei)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長發(fa)育提供了不同(tong)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境。藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)十分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)豐(feng)富，共有(you)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)1647種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)為(wei)(wei)1496種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)666屬(shu)(shu)169科。同(tong)樣，區(qu)內(nei)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)系成分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)十分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)豐(feng)富。

馬(ma)頭(tou)山自然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)內分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)用種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植物共有174科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，其中(zhong)(zhong)熱帶(dai)性(xing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)92科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，占(zhan)總科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)5219%；溫帶(dai)性(xing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)23科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，占(zhan)總科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)數的(de)(de)(de)1312%；世(shi)界分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)為(wei)(wei)41科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，占(zhan)總科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)數的(de)(de)(de)2316%；東(dong)亞和東(dong)亞2北美間斷分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)14科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，占(zhan)總科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)數的(de)(de)(de)8105%；中(zhong)(zhong)國特有分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)4科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，占(zhan)總科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)數的(de)(de)(de)213%。在174科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)中(zhong)(zhong)，含(han)54～73種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)菊科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)73種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，豆科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)56種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，薔薇科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。含(han)30～42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有4科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)是禾本科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，唇形科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)36種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，百合科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)32種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，茜草科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。含(han)20～26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有8科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)是樟(zhang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)26種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，馬(ma)鞭草科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大戟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，山茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蓼科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，葡萄科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，傘形科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。412屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析根據吳征鎰的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植物的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)系統，馬(ma)頭(tou)山自然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)藥(yao)用植物的(de)(de)(de)666屬(shu)，歸(gui)屬(shu)于14個分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)和16個分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)變(bian)型(xing)(xing)。除中(zhong)(zhong)亞分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)外，馬(ma)頭(tou)山自然保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)用種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植物屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)包(bao)括了中(zhong)(zhong)國所有15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。

馬(ma)頭山自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)藥(yao)用(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系與世界各(ge)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)泛聯(lian)系及與熱帶(dai)(dai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)密切聯(lian)系。熱帶(dai)(dai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)占(zhan)優勢：馬(ma)頭山自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)藥(yao)用(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)熱帶(dai)(dai)性(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)316屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4716%。東(dong)亞及東(dong)亞和(he)北美(mei)洲(zhou)間斷分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)突出：在(zai)(zai)馬(ma)頭山自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)藥(yao)用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)東(dong)亞及東(dong)亞2北美(mei)間斷分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)共計130屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1916%，占(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)東(dong)亞分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4315%。古老分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)較(jiao)明(ming)顯：保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)尖杉，銀杏，南方(fang)紅豆杉，長葉榧樹(shu)(shu)等(deng)，為(wei)(wei)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)孓(jue)遺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或第(di)三(san)，四紀殘遺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。鵝掌(zhang)楸，青錢柳，伯(bo)樂樹(shu)(shu)，楓香，臘梅等(deng)均為(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)類(lei)學殘遺種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)類(lei)型(xing)較(jiao)多：中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)257屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，在(zai)(zai)江西(xi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)50屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)總(zong)(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1117%，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)用(yong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)22屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)總(zong)(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)816%，占(zhan)江西(xi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)7313%。在(zai)(zai)馬(ma)頭山自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)共有(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)用(yong)特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)12特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，占(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)總(zong)(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4167%，占(zhan)江西(xi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)24%。413種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)在(zai)(zai)馬(ma)頭山自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1494種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)用(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)古特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)新特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。非特(te)(te)(te)(te)有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)熱帶(dai)(dai)性(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)約有(you)753種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)溫(wen)帶(dai)(dai)性(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)約有(you)349種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，世界性(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)約166種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，東(dong)亞和(he)東(dong)亞2北美(mei)洲(zhou)間斷分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)約有(you)208種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。從(cong)上(shang)述分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)可見，在(zai)(zai)馬(ma)頭山自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)用(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)具有(you)熱帶(dai)(dai)，亞熱帶(dai)(dai)性(xing)性(xing)質。

蜜源植物

保護區(qu)內的(de)(de)野(ye)生(sheng)蜜(mi)(mi)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)(yuan)十分豐富，主要蜜(mi)(mi)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)如杜鵑花(hua)屬(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，該類植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)蜂(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)色(se)(se)淺，蜜(mi)(mi)質(zhi)優良，結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶(jing)乳白(bai)色(se)(se)，味甘(gan)甜(tian)純(chun)正適(shi)口(kou)。夏季蜂(feng)(feng)蜜(mi)(mi)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)如小果(guo)冬青，花(hua)多，泌(mi)蜜(mi)(mi)豐富，對蜜(mi)(mi)蜂(feng)(feng)有強烈的(de)(de)誘惑力，蜜(mi)(mi)淺琥(hu)珀色(se)(se)半透(tou)明(ming)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶(jing)乳白(bai)細膩，味純(chun)正，甘(gan)甜(tian)，清(qing)香適(shi)口(kou)。秋季蜜(mi)(mi)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)如豆科的(de)(de)胡枝子屬(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，開花(hua)泌(mi)蜜(mi)(mi)時間較(jiao)長，蜜(mi)(mi)淺琥(hu)珀色(se)(se)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶(jing)潔白(bai)，細膩如脂，氣味芳香，甜(tian)而不膩，質(zhi)優良。冬季蜜(mi)(mi)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)如山茶科柃屬(shu)的(de)(de)多種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，其花(hua)香，泌(mi)蜜(mi)(mi)豐富，誘蜂(feng)(feng)力強，為(wei)冬季蜜(mi)(mi)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)特殊(shu)種(zhong)類，蜜(mi)(mi)水白(bai)透(tou)明(ming)，濃郁(yu)芳香，蜜(mi)(mi)質(zhi)優良。此外還有刺槐，柿，泡桐，山烏桕，椴樹，杜荊等多種(zhong)蜜(mi)(mi)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，這(zhe)為(wei)發展(zhan)本地區(qu)的(de)(de)養蜂(feng)(feng)業創造了(le)良好的(de)(de)自然環境(jing)。

植物色(se)(se)(se)素(su)(su)(su)作為食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)著色(se)(se)(se)劑和紡(fang)織(zhi)染色(se)(se)(se)原料已(yi)被廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，如(ru)殼斗科(ke)的(de)多穗柯(ke)葉中富含(han)棕色(se)(se)(se)素(su)(su)(su)，應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)糖果，冷(leng)飲，糕點等(deng)(deng)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中著色(se)(se)(se)，呈(cheng)色(se)(se)(se)與可(ke)可(ke)糖相似，效果良(liang)好。茜(qian)草(cao)科(ke)梔子的(de)果實可(ke)提取黃色(se)(se)(se)素(su)(su)(su)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)纖(xian)維染色(se)(se)(se)，也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)著色(se)(se)(se)。茜(qian)草(cao)根中所含(han)茜(qian)草(cao)紅色(se)(se)(se)素(su)(su)(su)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)植物纖(xian)維的(de)染色(se)(se)(se)，亦可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)著色(se)(se)(se)，鼠李(li)科(ke)凍(dong)綠(lv)的(de)莖皮含(han)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)素(su)(su)(su)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)棉(mian)絲織(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)染色(se)(se)(se)等(deng)(deng)。

花卉植物

保(bao)護(hu)區內野生花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)卉(hui)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資源豐富，蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)科的(de)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)類植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，如鶴頂蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)，斑葉蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)，建蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)，春蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)，寒蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)，竹葉蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)，花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)葉開(kai)唇蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)等(deng)，這些植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)具(ju)有很(hen)高的(de)觀(guan)(guan)賞價值，同時(shi)又可藥用。杜鵑花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是世界名(ming)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，也是中國(guo)十大(da)名(ming)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)之(zhi)一，人(ren)們對(dui)它(ta)十分厚愛，其同屬(shu)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有滿山紅，鹿角杜鵑，馬銀花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)均(jun)作(zuo)為觀(guan)(guan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)卉(hui)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。觀(guan)(guan)賞的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)卉(hui)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)還(huan)有木(mu)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)科，竹科等(deng)。此(ci)外，保(bao)護(hu)區內還(huan)有許(xu)多(duo)抗(kang)(kang)污(wu)(wu)染植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，它(ta)們能夠吸收大(da)氣中的(de)有害(hai)氣體，滯留灰塵，殺滅(mie)細菌，減少(shao)噪音，從而保(bao)護(hu)大(da)氣中氧氣和(he)二氧化(hua)(hua)碳的(de)平衡。如合歡，構樹(shu)(shu)，臭(chou)椿，紫薇(wei)，楊梅等(deng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)均(jun)有抗(kang)(kang)二氧化(hua)(hua)硫的(de)特(te)性(xing)。抗(kang)(kang)氯氣的(de)有側柏(bo)，樟(zhang)樹(shu)(shu)，栓皮櫟，棕(zong)櫚，女貞(zhen)，石楠(nan)，蚊母樹(shu)(shu)，胡頹子，枸(gou)骨等(deng)。抗(kang)(kang)鎘污(wu)(wu)染源的(de)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有尾葉冬青，刺(ci)果衛矛(mao)等(deng)。抗(kang)(kang)硫化(hua)(hua)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有楓楊，喜(xi)樹(shu)(shu)等(deng)。抗(kang)(kang)汞植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有山楂，刺(ci)槐(huai)，枇杷等(deng)。樸樹(shu)(shu)，榆樹(shu)(shu)，銀杏，桑樹(shu)(shu)，木(mu)槿(jin)以及臭(chou)椿，枇杷，紫薇(wei)，烏桕等(deng)具(ju)有吸塵，滯塵能力強特(te)色(se)。

區域面積

保護區(qu)總(zong)面積13866.53公頃(qing)，其(qi)中(zhong)核心區(qu)4286.08公頃(qing)、占(zhan)保護區(qu)總(zong)面積的30.9%，緩沖區(qu)3438.72公頃(qing)、占(zhan)24.8%，實驗區(qu)6141.73公頃(qing)、占(zhan)44.3%。

開發利用

藥用植(zhi)物(wu)資源開(kai)發與利用

馬頭山(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)所處的(de)特(te)殊(shu)地理(li)(li)位置，區(qu)(qu)內有(you)著豐富(fu)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)藥材(cai)資源(yuan)。據初(chu)步統計，蕨類(lei)(lei)植物(wu)在(zai)(zai)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)藥典(dian)》中(zhong)(zhong)收(shou)載的(de)有(you)4科5屬(shu)(shu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)植物(wu)在(zai)(zai)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)藥典(dian)》中(zhong)(zhong)共收(shou)載86科149屬(shu)(shu)179種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內懸鉤子(zi)(zi)屬(shu)(shu)植物(wu)有(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)多(duo)，其中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)部分種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)的(de)果(guo)實(shi)可作覆盆子(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)藥使(shi)用(yong)，覆盆子(zi)(zi)能益(yi)腎，固(gu)精，縮(suo)尿(niao)(niao)，用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)腎虛尿(niao)(niao)頻，陽痿早(zao)泄，白帶增多(duo)等(deng)癥。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)尚(shang)有(you)許多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)藥，如(ru)細辛類(lei)(lei)，木通類(lei)(lei)，五(wu)味子(zi)(zi)類(lei)(lei)，栝樓類(lei)(lei)，前(qian)胡類(lei)(lei)，五(wu)加皮(pi)類(lei)(lei)，吳茱萸類(lei)(lei)，麥冬(dong)類(lei)(lei)，薯蕷類(lei)(lei)，七(qi)葉一枝(zhi)花類(lei)(lei)，沙(sha)參類(lei)(lei)以(yi)及烏頭，黃連，草珊瑚，鉤藤(teng)(teng)等(deng)中(zhong)(zhong)藥。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)特(te)殊(shu)的(de)地理(li)(li)環(huan)境，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內中(zhong)(zhong)藥資源(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)極豐富(fu)，有(you)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)蘊藏(zang)量較大(da)(da)，但有(you)的(de)蘊藏(zang)量較小的(de)如(ru)石斛，獨蒜(suan)蘭，石仙桃，徐長卿，八角蓮等(deng)，這些種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)應注(zhu)意不可過度采挖，應采取合理(li)(li)措施，使(shi)這些中(zhong)(zhong)藥資源(yuan)永(yong)續利用(yong)。而(er)對于(yu)(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)廬山(shan)石韋，槲蕨，大(da)(da)血藤(teng)(teng)，大(da)(da)葉冬(dong)青，山(shan)雞椒(jiao)，山(shan)臘梅(mei)，柳(liu)葉臘梅(mei)，崖(ya)豆(dou)藤(teng)(teng)屬(shu)(shu)，獼(mi)猴桃屬(shu)(shu)等(deng)植物(wu)，可以(yi)進行合理(li)(li)的(de)開(kai)發利用(yong)。

區內芳香(xiang)植物資(zi)源豐富，蘊(yun)藏(zang)量(liang)大，其種類(lei)較(jiao)多的(de)科有樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)科樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)樹葉，枝干(gan)，樹皮均含揮發油(you)(you)(樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)油(you)(you))，平均含量(liang)3%～6%，油(you)(you)中含樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)腦10%～50%。樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)油(you)(you)經(jing)分(fen)餾后(hou)又分(fen)為白樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)油(you)(you)，紅樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)油(you)(you)和蘭(lan)樟(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)油(you)(you)，分(fen)別為制取(qu)桉(an)油(you)(you)油(you)(you)素的(de)原料(liao)，合成香(xiang)料(liao)的(de)原料(liao)。細葉香(xiang)桂的(de)葉是魚肉(rou)菜肴，醬(jiang)油(you)(you)，泡菜，罐頭等的(de)重(zhong)要配料(liao)，能增加食(shi)品(pin)風(feng)味，具有強烈芳香(xiang)和辛辣氣味。菊(ju)科野菊(ju)花的(de)干(gan)花和葉含油(you)(you)011%～012%，可提取(qu)芳香(xiang)油(you)(you)(油(you)(you)中主要含有α2蒎(pai)烯，檸檬烯，桉(an)油(you)(you)精等)或浸膏，調制各種皂(zao)用香(xiang)精。