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歷史沿革

1997年江西省崇義縣人民政府建立了齊云山縣級自然保(bao)護區。

2004年江(jiang)西省人民政府將其(qi)批準(zhun)為省級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護區。

2012年(nian)1月(yue)21日國務院(yuan)批準(zhun)將齊云(yun)山(shan)自然保護(hu)區晉升(sheng)為(wei)國家級(ji)自然保護(hu)區。

地理環境

水文

齊云山(shan)自然保護區(qu)溪河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)縱橫，河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流密布，2km以(yi)上的河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)（溪）流有13條，累計長(chang)度70.4km。各(ge)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流名(ming)稱及長(chang)度分別為：新地河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)12.5km，桶(tong)江(jiang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)8.5km，十八壘(lei)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)7km，冬瓜坪(ping)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)6km，均(jun)源河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)5.2km，橫河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、楊柳洞河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、諸廣山(shan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)各(ge)5km，大水(shui)(shui)坑河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)4. 5 km，雪竹(zhu)窩河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)4.2km，茶坑河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)3km，石(shi)盤山(shan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)2.5km，正井(jing)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)2km，上述河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流均(jun)匯入上猶江(jiang)后(hou)入章江(jiang)、贛江(jiang)。這(zhe)些河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流的年總徑流量約4.3億(yi)m3，平均(jun)流速2.11m/秒，平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)面寬8.03m，平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)深1.0m。由于區(qu)內人類干擾較少(shao)，水(shui)(shui)質均(jun)為Ⅰ類。

地質地貌

齊云山自然保護區海拔最低為300m，最高為2061.3m，即齊云山頂峰，為贛南最高峰，江西第四高峰，相對高差達1761.3m。區內群山疊起，溪河縱橫，超過海拔1200m的山峰有35座，其中1500m以上有18座。地貌形態類型以山岳型中山-亞高山地貌為主體，次為中低山地(di)(di)(di)貌；地(di)(di)(di)貌成因類型以花崗巖(yan)山岳地(di)(di)(di)貌為主(zhu)，主(zhu)體(ti)屬于構造切(qie)割侵蝕(shi)+流水浸(jin)蝕(shi)+風化剝蝕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)貌，少(shao)量堆積地(di)(di)(di)貌。

齊云山(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)地(di)處華夏板塊、南嶺緯向構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)帶與羅(luo)霄(xiao)經向構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)帶的(de)(de)結合地(di)段，區(qu)域構(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)式呈(cheng)“⊥”型(xing)(xing)特點(dian)。區(qu)內(nei)地(di)層出露有(you)新元古(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)震旦系(xi)至早(zao)(zao)古(gu)生(sheng)代(dai)(dai)(dai)寒武(wu)系(xi)、奧陶系(xi)海(hai)相(xiang)沉積(ji)變(bian)質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)系(xi)（淺變(bian)質(zhi)）和(he)晚古(gu)生(sheng)代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)泥(ni)盆系(xi)，少量第四紀松散堆積(ji)物沿沖(chong)溝水系(xi)或底洼(wa)（凹）地(di)零星(xing)分(fen)布。齊云山(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)以中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)代(dai)(dai)(dai)燕山(shan)期(qi)花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)為(wei)主(zhu)，次為(wei)早(zao)(zao)古(gu)生(sheng)代(dai)(dai)(dai)末的(de)(de)加里東期(qi)花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)石類型(xing)(xing)多樣(yang)，有(you)花崗(gang)閃長巖(yan)(yan)、二長花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)、鉀長花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)等；還(huan)有(you)比較(jiao)發(fa)育的(de)(de)脈巖(yan)(yan)，如偉晶(jing)巖(yan)(yan)、細晶(jing)巖(yan)(yan)、輝(hui)綠巖(yan)(yan)等。廣泛出露、復(fu)雜多樣(yang)的(de)(de)內(nei)部巖(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)，組成了羅(luo)霄(xiao)山(shan)脈中(zhong)(zhong)段諸廣山(shan)復(fu)式巖(yan)(yan)基的(de)(de)一部分(fen)，該巖(yan)(yan)基分(fen)別有(you)加里東期(qi)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)酸(suan)性巖(yan)(yan)石，燕山(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)晚期(qi)的(de)(de)酸(suan)性、酸(suan)堿性巖(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)，堿長花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)。區(qu)內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)活動(dong)劃分(fen)為(wei)加里東和(he)燕山(shan)兩個(ge)旋迥。

區內重要古生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)有寒武紀(ji)的(de)(de)海綿骨(gu)針、三葉蟲、腕(wan)足動(dong)物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)，奧陶紀(ji)的(de)(de)筆(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)，泥盆紀(ji)的(de)(de)腕(wan)足、時代老的(de)(de)魚(yu)類及(ji)植物(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)等(deng)。崇(chong)義地區奧陶紀(ji)筆(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群十(shi)分豐富，筆(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)序列完(wan)整，與大洋洲和北美洲同期筆(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群關(guan)系密切，而與歐洲同期筆(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群迥異，屬于典(dian)型的(de)(de)太平洋筆(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)群。

氣象

齊云山(shan)自然保護區(qu)屬中亞(ya)熱(re)帶山(shan)地濕(shi)潤(run)(run)季風氣候，四季分明、冬(dong)長夏(xia)短、春(chun)遲秋(qiu)早，春(chun)夏(xia)冬(dong)3季濕(shi)潤(run)(run)，秋(qiu)季干燥，光(guang)照適宜。山(shan)地立體(ti)氣候明顯(xian)，從山(shan)麓至(zhi)山(shan)頂相(xiang)當(dang)于橫跨亞(ya)熱(re)帶和(he)溫帶兩個氣候帶，加之獨(du)特的(de)地形(xing)地貌及(ji)保存(cun)完好的(de)森林植被，使得保護區(qu)在溫度、降水(shui)和(he)光(guang)照等氣象要素(su)隨海(hai)拔的(de)升高呈(cheng)現(xian)出(chu)明顯(xian)的(de)垂直變(bian)化規(gui)律。

齊(qi)云山自然(ran)保(bao)護區年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為9.5～17.8℃，隨海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)度(du)的(de)(de)增加而降低。一(yi)年中各月(yue)(yue)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)7月(yue)(yue)最高(gao)，1月(yue)(yue)最低；海(hai)拔(ba)500m以(yi)上山區，7～8月(yue)(yue)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低于25℃，相(xiang)當(dang)于山麓崇義(yi)縣城5月(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)的(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)；以(yi)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)≥22℃為夏季(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)標準，則自然(ran)保(bao)護區海(hai)拔(ba)1000m以(yi)上無夏季(ji)(ji)，海(hai)拔(ba)800m—1000m地區有(you)夏季(ji)(ji)但無高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。

齊云(yun)山自然保護區無霜期(qi)根據海拔高度的不同變(bian)幅比(bi)較大，海拔300m以(yi)下(xia)，平均(jun)為268天(tian)(tian)；海拔2000m以(yi)上，平均(jun)為183天(tian)(tian)，山頂(ding)和山麓相差(cha)近(jin)80余天(tian)(tian)。

齊云山(shan)自然保護區年平均(jun)降雨(yu)量(liang)1568.7mm。全年最大降雨(yu)量(liang)以(yi)海拔(ba)415m的(de)關田為最大，海拔(ba)610m的(de)雞公壩年降雨(yu)量(liang)最少。

區域范圍

江西(xi)齊(qi)云(yun)山自然保護區位于江西(xi)省(sheng)西(xi)南(nan)邊陲(chui)崇義縣(xian)西(xi)北(bei)部，地處湘(xiang)贛兩(liang)省(sheng)界山——羅霄(xiao)山脈(mo)的南(nan)端(duan)，南(nan)嶺山地北(bei)坡(po)，屬中亞熱(re)帶東部濕(shi)潤型季風氣候區。齊(qi)云(yun)山是羅霄(xiao)山脈(mo)南(nan)端(duan)諸廣山脈(mo)主峰，海(hai)拔2061.3米，為贛南(nan)第一高峰。齊(qi)云(yun)山保護區地理坐標為：東經113°54′37″—114°07′34″，北(bei)緯25°41′47″—25°54′21″，總面積17105公頃。

保護目標

該保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)現已記錄高等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)270科(ke)1031屬2843種(zhong)，占全省(sheng)高等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總數(shu)的(de)55.9%；脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)34目(mu)(mu)101科(ke)394種(zhong)，占全省(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總數(shu)的(de)46.6%，其(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)17種(zhong)、國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)50種(zhong)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)還(huan)(huan)保(bao)存有長苞鐵杉(shan)、大果馬(ma)蹄荷、五列目(mu)(mu)、天(tian)目(mu)(mu)紫莖(jing)、伯樂樹等眾(zhong)多特色植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)落，其(qi)中(zhong)長苞鐵杉(shan)總面(mian)積608.5公頃、總數(shu)量(liang)超過27萬(wan)株，極為(wei)罕見。此(ci)(ci)外，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)還(huan)(huan)是中(zhong)國(guo)候鳥中(zhong)部遷徙(xi)的(de)重(zhong)要驛站之一，每(mei)年(nian)數(shu)十萬(wan)候鳥南遷北返途經(jing)此(ci)(ci)地。

自然資源

植物資源

齊云山(shan)自然保(bao)護(hu)區高(gao)等植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)2843種(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于270科(ke)(ke)(ke)1031屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，其(qi)中種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)178科(ke)(ke)(ke)847屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2422種(zhong)（裸(luo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)9科(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)，被子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)169科(ke)(ke)(ke)830屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2402種(zhong)）；蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)40科(ke)(ke)(ke)85屬(shu)(shu)(shu)229種(zhong)；苔蘚植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)52科(ke)(ke)(ke)99屬(shu)(shu)(shu)192種(zhong)。在種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)中，人工栽培52科(ke)(ke)(ke)97屬(shu)(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)，天然分布168科(ke)(ke)(ke)784屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2256種(zhong)（裸(luo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)，被子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)161科(ke)(ke)(ke)777屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2246種(zhong)）。鑒定出大型(xing)真菌40科(ke)(ke)(ke)87屬(shu)(shu)(shu)182種(zhong)。

齊云山自然保護區天然分布的植物中：國家重點保護野生植物(wu)(wu)（第(di)Ⅰ批，1999年）有17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級(ji)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這些(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)隸(li)屬(shu)于(yu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蕨類(lei)植物(wu)(wu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸(luo)子植物(wu)(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子植物(wu)(wu)12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)12屬(shu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國植物(wu)(wu)紅(hong)皮書》（第(di)一(yi)批）的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，漸(jian)危(wei)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入《瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)野生動植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際(ji)貿易公約(yue)（CITES）附錄(lu)》（2007）的有3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)多，計74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入《IUCN物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色名(ming)錄(lu)（2007）》的有20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危(wei)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，低危(wei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色名(ming)錄(lu)》（2007）的有88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危(wei)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，近危(wei)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。江西省(sheng)級(ji)重點保(bao)護植物(wu)(wu)（2005年）有140種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)護植物(wu)(wu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)于(yu)紫金牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蕓香科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)植物(wu)(wu)多，達(da)51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；二級(ji)保(bao)護23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)于(yu)松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青(qing)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)杜英(ying)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、千屈菜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）四科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)較多，其余科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均(jun)只(zhi)含1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；三(san)級(ji)保(bao)護65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)于(yu)觀音坐蓮科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、三(san)尖杉科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜鵑花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼(ke)斗(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、百合(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等34科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、殼(ke)斗(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、蝶形(xing)花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、金縷梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）等6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這些(xie)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所含種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)超(chao)過(guo)所有三(san)級(ji)保(bao)護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)的一(yi)半。

按(an)中(zhong)國植(zhi)被(bei)分類系(xi)統及分類原則(ze)（中(zhong)國植(zhi)被(bei)編輯委(wei)(wei)員會(hui),1980），齊云(yun)山自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)植(zhi)被(bei)類型歸納為4個植(zhi)被(bei)型組（vegetation type group），11個植(zhi)被(bei)型（vegetation type），70個群系(xi)（formation）。按(an)中(zhong)國植(zhi)被(bei)區(qu)(qu)劃（江西森林編委(wei)(wei)會(hui),1986），齊云(yun)山自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)所處的(de)位(wei)置是：Ⅳ 亞熱帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉林區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，ⅣA東部（濕潤(run)）常綠闊(kuo)葉林亞區(qu)(qu)域(yu)→ⅣAii中(zhong)亞熱帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉林地(di)(di)帶(dai)→ ⅣAiib中(zhong)亞熱帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉林南(nan)部亞地(di)(di)帶(dai)→I-ⅣAiib-2南(nan)嶺(ling)山地(di)(di)丘(qiu)陵栲、楠、阿(a)丁(ding)楓（蕈(xun)樹）林、松杉林區(qu)(qu) →ⅣAiia-2（14）桃(tao)江中(zhong)游、貢水上游丘(qiu)陵栲、楠、松杉林亞區(qu)(qu)（桃(tao)江、貢水丘(qiu)陵森林亞區(qu)(qu)）。

齊云山(shan)自然保(bao)護區(qu)植(zhi)被水(shui)平(ping)分(fen)布(bu)和(he)(he)垂直分(fen)布(bu)各有(you)特征。①在水(shui)平(ping)分(fen)布(bu)上(shang),地帶(dai)性植(zhi)被中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)東部濕潤性常(chang)綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林分(fen)布(bu)廣、面積大，主要分(fen)布(bu)于(yu)保(bao)護區(qu)楊柳(liu)洞、桶江(jiang)、橫河(he)、冬(dong)瓜(gua)坪和(he)(he)上(shang)、下十八壘(lei)，針(zhen)葉(xie)(xie)林則主要分(fen)布(bu)在陡峭的山(shan)脊、梁頂，林下灌木和(he)(he)草(cao)本層植(zhi)物的分(fen)布(bu)也(ye)表(biao)現出水(shui)平(ping)方向上(shang)的差異。②垂直分(fen)布(bu)規律(lv)不甚明顯，但(dan)仍(reng)可劃成幾個垂直帶(dai)，依次是毛竹林（400－1100m）——常(chang)綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林（400-1200m）——常(chang)綠-落葉(xie)(xie)闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)混(hun)交林（1000－1500m）——針(zhen)闊(kuo)混(hun)交林（1300－1600m）——山(shan)頂矮(ai)林（1600－1800m）——山(shan)地草(cao)甸（1800m以(yi)上(shang)）。齊云山(shan)自然保(bao)護區(qu)森林覆蓋率97.6%，其中(zhong)核心區(qu)97.8%，緩沖區(qu)98.1%，實驗區(qu)96.7%。

動物資源

齊云(yun)山自然保護區(qu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資源豐富，有(you)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)34目(mu)(mu)101科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)394種(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)哺乳類(lei)(lei)(lei)8目(mu)(mu)20科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)45種(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)(lei)(lei)17目(mu)(mu)54科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)257種(zhong)(zhong)，爬行(xing)類(lei)(lei)(lei)3目(mu)(mu)11科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)48種(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲(qi)類(lei)(lei)(lei)2目(mu)(mu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)24種(zhong)(zhong)，魚類(lei)(lei)(lei)4目(mu)(mu)9科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)20種(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)4種(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)46種(zhong)(zhong)，珍稀(xi)瀕危動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)57種(zhong)(zhong)。已記錄陸(lu)生貝(bei)類(lei)(lei)(lei)37種(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)于10科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)18屬(shu)；蜘蛛(zhu)28科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)73屬(shu)171種(zhong)(zhong)；昆蟲18目(mu)(mu)162科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)824屬(shu)1168種(zhong)(zhong)。

管理措施

針對森林(lin)(lin)這一生態環境的主題(ti)進行保護(hu)，堅持(chi)生態優先，生態建設與生態保護(hu)并(bing)重(zhong)，遵循自然規律；同時，加大林(lin)(lin)相(xiang)改(gai)造科研(yan)投入，有計劃有步驟(zou)地(di)改(gai)造人工純林(lin)(lin)，增加闊葉林(lin)(lin)和(he)混交林(lin)(lin)的比(bi)重(zhong)，改(gai)造林(lin)(lin)相(xiang)，恢(hui)復(fu)和(he)提高林(lin)(lin)分質量。

開(kai)展野生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)本底調查并制定保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護規劃，切實保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護其物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)的(de)多樣性(xing)、遺傳多樣性(xing)以及生(sheng)(sheng)態系統(tong)多樣性(xing)。采取就地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護、遷地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護和離體保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存相結合(he)的(de)方式保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護珍稀、瀕危物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)，防止物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)滅(mie)絕。盡可能(neng)地(di)降低旅游開(kai)發經營給(gei)野生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)造成的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)存威脅。

生態價值

齊云山保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)地(di)處南(nan)亞熱(re)帶和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)亞熱(re)帶過渡區(qu)域，區(qu)內既有大量保(bao)(bao)護較(jiao)為完(wan)好的(de)(de)南(nan)亞熱(re)帶植(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)，又是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)亞熱(re)帶東(dong)部(bu)(bu)森(sen)林(lin)植(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)比較(jiao)完(wan)整的(de)(de)地(di)域，常綠闊葉林(lin)生(sheng)長尤為繁茂，是(shi)野生(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)理想的(de)(de)棲息繁衍場所(suo)(suo)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)夏候(hou)鳥遷徙的(de)(de)重(zhong)要通道之(zhi)一，更是(shi)瀕(bin)危動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)和(he)許(xu)多孑遺(yi)植(zhi)物(wu)的(de)(de)避(bi)難(nan)所(suo)(suo)。保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)內生(sheng)態系統組成(cheng)成(cheng)份復雜，類型(xing)豐富，物(wu)種相對(dui)豐度較(jiao)高，珍稀和(he)地(di)域性植(zhi)物(wu)群(qun)落(luo)(luo)多，保(bao)(bao)存(cun)有重(zhong)要的(de)(de)長苞鐵杉、福建柏、五列木、天目紫莖、舟柄茶、伯(bo)樂樹、蘭科植(zhi)物(wu)等原生(sheng)群(qun)落(luo)(luo)，以及(ji)分布廣(guang)、面積大的(de)(de)大果馬蹄(ti)荷、南(nan)嶺紫荊、秀柱花等南(nan)嶺山地(di)特有植(zhi)物(wu)群(qun)落(luo)(luo)。

因(yin)此，齊云(yun)山保護區(qu)既保留有(you)南亞熱帶部(bu)分森林(lin)生態系統的特征，同時又(you)具(ju)有(you)十分典型的中(zhong)亞熱帶森林(lin)生態系統的完整性，是(shi)(shi)兩個區(qu)域生態系統的交(jiao)匯(hui)和過(guo)渡帶。同時，保護區(qu)還是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國中(zhong)部(bu)候(hou)鳥南北遷徙的重要通道之一。因(yin)此，齊云(yun)山保護區(qu)對(dui)研(yan)究物種起源(yuan)和進(jin)化、遺傳規律、動植(zhi)物分類、生物地理學具(ju)有(you)很高的保護價(jia)值和科(ke)研(yan)價(jia)值，也是(shi)(shi)開展(zhan)科(ke)普宣傳和教學實(shi)習(xi)的良好場所。