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歷史沿革

1997年江西省崇義縣人民政府建立了齊云山縣級自然保護區。

2004年江西省(sheng)(sheng)人民政府(fu)將其批(pi)準為(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)級自然保護區。

2012年1月21日(ri)國務院批(pi)準將齊云山自(zi)然保護區(qu)晉升為國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保護區(qu)。

地理環境

水文

齊云山自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)溪(xi)河(he)(he)(he)(he)縱橫，河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)密布(bu)，2km以上的河(he)(he)(he)(he)（溪(xi)）流(liu)有13條(tiao)，累(lei)計長(chang)度70.4km。各河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)名稱及長(chang)度分別為(wei)(wei)：新地河(he)(he)(he)(he)12.5km，桶江(jiang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)8.5km，十八壘河(he)(he)(he)(he)7km，冬(dong)瓜坪河(he)(he)(he)(he)6km，均(jun)源(yuan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)5.2km，橫河(he)(he)(he)(he)、楊(yang)柳(liu)洞(dong)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、諸廣山河(he)(he)(he)(he)各5km，大水(shui)(shui)坑(keng)河(he)(he)(he)(he)4. 5 km，雪(xue)竹窩河(he)(he)(he)(he)4.2km，茶坑(keng)河(he)(he)(he)(he)3km，石盤山河(he)(he)(he)(he)2.5km，正井河(he)(he)(he)(he)2km，上述河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)均(jun)匯入上猶江(jiang)后入章江(jiang)、贛江(jiang)。這些河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)的年總徑流(liu)量約(yue)4.3億m3，平均(jun)流(liu)速2.11m/秒(miao)，平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)面寬(kuan)8.03m，平均(jun)水(shui)(shui)深1.0m。由于(yu)區(qu)內(nei)人類干(gan)擾較少，水(shui)(shui)質均(jun)為(wei)(wei)Ⅰ類。

地質地貌

齊云山自然保護區海拔最低為300m，最高為2061.3m，即齊云山頂峰，為贛南最高峰，江西第四高峰，相對高差達1761.3m。區內群山疊起，溪河縱橫，超過海拔1200m的山峰有35座，其中1500m以上有18座。地貌形態類型以山岳型中山-亞高山地貌為主體，次為中低山地(di)貌；地(di)貌成因類(lei)型(xing)以花崗(gang)巖(yan)山岳地(di)貌為(wei)主，主體屬于構造切割侵蝕+流水浸蝕+風化剝蝕地(di)貌，少(shao)量堆積地(di)貌。

齊云山(shan)自然(ran)保護區(qu)地處華夏板塊、南嶺緯向構(gou)造(zao)帶與羅霄經向構(gou)造(zao)帶的結(jie)合地段，區(qu)域(yu)構(gou)造(zao)型(xing)式(shi)呈“⊥”型(xing)特點。區(qu)內(nei)地層出露(lu)有新元(yuan)古代(dai)震旦系(xi)(xi)至早古生(sheng)代(dai)寒武(wu)系(xi)(xi)、奧陶(tao)系(xi)(xi)海(hai)相(xiang)沉積變(bian)質巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)系(xi)(xi)（淺變(bian)質）和晚古生(sheng)代(dai)的泥(ni)盆系(xi)(xi)，少(shao)量第(di)四(si)紀松散堆積物沿(yan)沖溝水系(xi)(xi)或底洼（凹(ao)）地零星分布(bu)。齊云山(shan)自然(ran)保護區(qu)內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)中生(sheng)代(dai)燕(yan)(yan)山(shan)期(qi)花(hua)(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為主，次為早古生(sheng)代(dai)末的加里東(dong)(dong)(dong)期(qi)花(hua)(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石類型(xing)多樣(yang)，有花(hua)(hua)崗閃(shan)長(chang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、二長(chang)花(hua)(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、鉀長(chang)花(hua)(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等；還有比較發育(yu)的脈巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如偉晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、細晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、輝(hui)綠巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等。廣(guang)泛出露(lu)、復雜多樣(yang)的內(nei)部巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，組成了(le)羅霄山(shan)脈中段諸(zhu)廣(guang)山(shan)復式(shi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基的一(yi)部分，該巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基分別有加里東(dong)(dong)(dong)期(qi)的中酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石，燕(yan)(yan)山(shan)中晚期(qi)的酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)、酸(suan)(suan)堿性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，堿長(chang)花(hua)(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。區(qu)內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿活動劃分為加里東(dong)(dong)(dong)和燕(yan)(yan)山(shan)兩個(ge)旋迥(jiong)。

區內重要古生物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)寒武紀(ji)的海綿骨針、三葉蟲、腕(wan)足(zu)動物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，奧陶紀(ji)的筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，泥盆(pen)紀(ji)的腕(wan)足(zu)、時代(dai)老的魚類(lei)及植物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。崇義地區奧陶紀(ji)筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群十(shi)分豐富，筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)序列(lie)完整(zheng)，與大洋洲(zhou)和北(bei)美洲(zhou)同期筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群關系密切(qie)，而與歐洲(zhou)同期筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群迥異，屬于典型的太平洋筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群。

氣象

齊云山(shan)自然保護(hu)區屬中(zhong)亞熱帶(dai)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)濕(shi)潤(run)季風氣候(hou)，四季分明、冬長夏短、春遲秋(qiu)早，春夏冬3季濕(shi)潤(run)，秋(qiu)季干燥，光照(zhao)(zhao)適宜。山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)立體氣候(hou)明顯，從山(shan)麓至山(shan)頂相當于橫跨亞熱帶(dai)和溫(wen)帶(dai)兩個氣候(hou)帶(dai)，加之獨特的(de)地(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)貌及保存(cun)完(wan)好(hao)的(de)森林植被，使(shi)得保護(hu)區在溫(wen)度、降水和光照(zhao)(zhao)等氣象要(yao)素隨(sui)海拔的(de)升高呈現出明顯的(de)垂直變化規律。

齊云山(shan)自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)年平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)9.5～17.8℃，隨(sui)海拔高(gao)度的增加而(er)降低(di)。一(yi)年中各(ge)月(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)7月(yue)最高(gao)，1月(yue)最低(di)；海拔500m以(yi)(yi)上山(shan)區(qu)，7～8月(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)低(di)于25℃，相(xiang)當(dang)于山(shan)麓崇義縣(xian)城5月(yue)、9月(yue)的平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)；以(yi)(yi)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)≥22℃為(wei)夏(xia)季的標準，則自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)海拔1000m以(yi)(yi)上無夏(xia)季，海拔800m—1000m地(di)區(qu)有夏(xia)季但無高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)。

齊(qi)云山(shan)自然保(bao)護區無(wu)霜期根據(ju)海拔高度(du)的不同變幅比較(jiao)大，海拔300m以下，平均為(wei)268天(tian)；海拔2000m以上，平均為(wei)183天(tian)，山(shan)頂和山(shan)麓相差近80余(yu)天(tian)。

齊云山(shan)自然保(bao)護(hu)區年平均降雨(yu)(yu)量1568.7mm。全年最大降雨(yu)(yu)量以海(hai)拔415m的關田為(wei)最大，海(hai)拔610m的雞公壩年降雨(yu)(yu)量最少(shao)。

區域范圍

江(jiang)西齊(qi)云山自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于江(jiang)西省西南(nan)邊陲崇(chong)義縣(xian)西北部，地處湘贛兩省界山——羅霄山脈的(de)南(nan)端，南(nan)嶺(ling)山地北坡，屬中亞熱帶東部濕潤(run)型季風(feng)氣候區(qu)(qu)。齊(qi)云山是羅霄山脈南(nan)端諸廣山脈主峰，海拔2061.3米，為贛南(nan)第一高峰。齊(qi)云山保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)地理坐標為：東經113°54′37″—114°07′34″，北緯25°41′47″—25°54′21″，總(zong)面(mian)積17105公頃。

保護目標

該(gai)保護(hu)(hu)區現已記錄高等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)270科(ke)1031屬2843種，占全省(sheng)高等植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)總數的55.9%；脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)34目101科(ke)394種，占全省(sheng)脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)總數的46.6%，其(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家重點保護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)17種、國(guo)(guo)家重點保護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)50種。保護(hu)(hu)區還保存有長苞鐵杉(shan)、大果馬蹄荷、五列目、天目紫莖(jing)、伯樂樹等眾(zhong)多特色(se)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)群(qun)落，其(qi)中(zhong)長苞鐵杉(shan)總面積608.5公(gong)頃、總數量超過27萬株，極為罕見。此外(wai)，保護(hu)(hu)區還是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)候鳥(niao)中(zhong)部遷(qian)徙的重要(yao)驛站(zhan)之(zhi)一，每年數十萬候鳥(niao)南遷(qian)北返(fan)途經此地。

自然資源

植物資源

齊云山(shan)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區高(gao)等植(zhi)物(wu)2843種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于(yu)270科(ke)(ke)1031屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，其中種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)178科(ke)(ke)847屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)9科(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)169科(ke)(ke)830屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2402種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；蕨(jue)類植(zhi)物(wu)40科(ke)(ke)85屬(shu)(shu)(shu)229種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；苔蘚植(zhi)物(wu)52科(ke)(ke)99屬(shu)(shu)(shu)192種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)中，人工(gong)栽培52科(ke)(ke)97屬(shu)(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，天然(ran)分布(bu)168科(ke)(ke)784屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2256種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)7科(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)161科(ke)(ke)777屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2246種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。鑒(jian)定出大型(xing)真菌40科(ke)(ke)87屬(shu)(shu)(shu)182種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

齊云山自然保護區天然分布的植物中：國家重點保護野生植(zhi)物(wu)（第Ⅰ批，1999年）有(you)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中一級(ji)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級(ji)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這些(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)隸屬于(yu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬，其(qi)(qi)中蕨類(lei)植(zhi)物(wu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植(zhi)物(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子植(zhi)物(wu)12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)12屬12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入(ru)(ru)《中國植(zhi)物(wu)紅皮書》（第一批）的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，漸危(wei)(wei)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有(you)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入(ru)(ru)《瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)野生動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿(mao)易(yi)(yi)公約（CITES）附錄(lu)》（2007）的有(you)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)多，計74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入(ru)(ru)《IUCN物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色名錄(lu)（2007）》的有(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)(yi)危(wei)(wei)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，低危(wei)(wei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入(ru)(ru)《中國物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色名錄(lu)》（2007）的有(you)88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)(yi)危(wei)(wei)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，近危(wei)(wei)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。江西(xi)省級(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)（2005年）有(you)140種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中一級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于(yu)紫(zi)金牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蕓香(xiang)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)植(zhi)物(wu)多，達51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；二級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于(yu)松(song)(song)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以杜英科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、松(song)(song)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、千(qian)屈(qu)菜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木(mu)(mu)蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）四(si)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)較多，其(qi)(qi)余科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均只含(han)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；三級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于(yu)觀(guan)音坐蓮科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、三尖杉科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜鵑(juan)花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼(ke)(ke)斗(dou)(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、百合科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等34科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木(mu)(mu)蘭(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、殼(ke)(ke)斗(dou)(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、山茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、蝶(die)形花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、金縷梅(mei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）等6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這些(xie)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所含(han)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)超過所有(you)三級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)的一半。

按(an)中國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)分類系統(tong)及分類原則（中國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)編輯委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),1980），齊(qi)(qi)云山自然保護(hu)區(qu)的植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型歸納為4個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型組（vegetation type group），11個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型（vegetation type），70個(ge)群系（formation）。按(an)中國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)區(qu)劃（江(jiang)西(xi)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)編委(wei)會(hui),1986），齊(qi)(qi)云山自然保護(hu)區(qu)所(suo)處的位置是：Ⅳ 亞熱帶常(chang)綠闊葉林(lin)(lin)區(qu)域，ⅣA東部(bu)（濕潤）常(chang)綠闊葉林(lin)(lin)亞區(qu)域→ⅣAii中亞熱帶常(chang)綠闊葉林(lin)(lin)地(di)帶→ ⅣAiib中亞熱帶常(chang)綠闊葉林(lin)(lin)南部(bu)亞地(di)帶→I-ⅣAiib-2南嶺山地(di)丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)栲、楠(nan)、阿丁(ding)楓（蕈樹）林(lin)(lin)、松(song)杉(shan)林(lin)(lin)區(qu) →ⅣAiia-2（14）桃江(jiang)中游、貢(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)上游丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)栲、楠(nan)、松(song)杉(shan)林(lin)(lin)亞區(qu)（桃江(jiang)、貢(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)亞區(qu)）。

齊云山自然保護區(qu)植被水平(ping)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)和垂(chui)直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)各有(you)特征。①在水平(ping)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)上(shang),地帶性(xing)植被中(zhong)亞熱帶東部濕潤(run)性(xing)常綠(lv)(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)廣、面積(ji)大(da)，主要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)于保護區(qu)楊柳洞(dong)、桶江、橫河(he)、冬瓜(gua)坪和上(shang)、下(xia)十(shi)八(ba)壘，針(zhen)葉(xie)林(lin)則(ze)主要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)在陡峭(qiao)的山脊、梁頂(ding)，林(lin)下(xia)灌木和草(cao)本層植物的分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)也(ye)表(biao)現出(chu)水平(ping)方(fang)向上(shang)的差異(yi)。②垂(chui)直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)規律不甚明(ming)顯，但仍可劃成幾個垂(chui)直(zhi)帶，依次是毛竹林(lin)（400－1100m）——常綠(lv)(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)（400-1200m）——常綠(lv)(lv)-落葉(xie)闊葉(xie)混(hun)交林(lin)（1000－1500m）——針(zhen)闊混(hun)交林(lin)（1300－1600m）——山頂(ding)矮林(lin)（1600－1800m）——山地草(cao)甸（1800m以上(shang)）。齊云山自然保護區(qu)森林(lin)覆蓋率97.6%，其中(zhong)核心區(qu)97.8%，緩(huan)沖區(qu)98.1%，實驗(yan)區(qu)96.7%。

動物資源

齊(qi)云(yun)山自然保(bao)護(hu)區動(dong)(dong)物資源豐富，有脊(ji)椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)物34目(mu)101科(ke)394種(zhong)(zhong)，其中哺乳類(lei)8目(mu)20科(ke)45種(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)17目(mu)54科(ke)257種(zhong)(zhong)，爬行(xing)類(lei)3目(mu)11科(ke)48種(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲類(lei)2目(mu)7科(ke)24種(zhong)(zhong)，魚(yu)類(lei)4目(mu)9科(ke)20種(zhong)(zhong)。有國家Ⅰ級重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物4種(zhong)(zhong)，國家Ⅱ級重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物46種(zhong)(zhong)，珍稀瀕危動(dong)(dong)物57種(zhong)(zhong)。已記錄(lu)陸生貝類(lei)37種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于10科(ke)18屬；蜘蛛28科(ke)73屬171種(zhong)(zhong)；昆蟲18目(mu)162科(ke)824屬1168種(zhong)(zhong)。

管理措施

針(zhen)對森林(lin)(lin)(lin)這一生態(tai)環(huan)境的主(zhu)題進行保(bao)(bao)護，堅(jian)持生態(tai)優先，生態(tai)建設與生態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護并(bing)重(zhong)，遵循自然規律(lv)；同時，加大林(lin)(lin)(lin)相改(gai)造(zao)科(ke)研(yan)投入，有計(ji)劃有步(bu)驟地改(gai)造(zao)人工純林(lin)(lin)(lin)，增加闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)和混(hun)交林(lin)(lin)(lin)的比重(zhong)，改(gai)造(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)相，恢復和提高林(lin)(lin)(lin)分(fen)質(zhi)量。

開展(zhan)野(ye)(ye)生生物(wu)資源(yuan)的本底(di)調查并(bing)制定保護規(gui)劃，切實保護其(qi)物(wu)種的多(duo)樣性(xing)、遺傳多(duo)樣性(xing)以及(ji)生態系(xi)統(tong)多(duo)樣性(xing)。采(cai)取就地(di)保護、遷地(di)保護和離體保存相(xiang)結合的方式保護珍稀、瀕危物(wu)種，防止物(wu)種滅絕(jue)。盡可能地(di)降低(di)旅游開發經營給野(ye)(ye)生生物(wu)造成的生存威脅。

生態價值

齊云山(shan)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)地處南(nan)亞(ya)熱帶和(he)(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶過渡區(qu)(qu)(qu)域，區(qu)(qu)(qu)內既有大量保護(hu)(hu)(hu)較為(wei)完好的(de)南(nan)亞(ya)熱帶植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類(lei)(lei)型，又(you)是(shi)中(zhong)國中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶東部森林(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類(lei)(lei)型保存比較完整的(de)地域，常(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)生(sheng)長尤為(wei)繁(fan)(fan)茂(mao)，是(shi)野(ye)生(sheng)動植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)理想的(de)棲息繁(fan)(fan)衍場所和(he)(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)國中(zhong)部夏候鳥遷徙的(de)重要(yao)通(tong)道之一(yi)，更(geng)是(shi)瀕危動植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)許多(duo)孑遺植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)避難所。保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內生(sheng)態系統組成成份復(fu)雜，類(lei)(lei)型豐(feng)富，物(wu)(wu)種相對豐(feng)度較高，珍稀(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)地域性植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)落多(duo)，保存有重要(yao)的(de)長苞鐵杉(shan)、福(fu)建柏、五(wu)列木、天目紫(zi)莖、舟柄茶、伯樂樹(shu)、蘭(lan)科植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)等原(yuan)生(sheng)群(qun)落，以(yi)及分布廣、面(mian)積(ji)大的(de)大果馬蹄荷、南(nan)嶺紫(zi)荊(jing)、秀柱花等南(nan)嶺山(shan)地特有植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)落。

因此，齊云(yun)山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區既(ji)保(bao)(bao)留(liu)有(you)南亞熱帶部分森(sen)林(lin)生態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統的(de)特征，同時又具有(you)十分典(dian)型的(de)中亞熱帶森(sen)林(lin)生態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統的(de)完整性，是兩個區域生態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統的(de)交匯和(he)過渡帶。同時，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區還(huan)是中國中部候鳥南北(bei)遷徙的(de)重(zhong)要通道之一。因此，齊云(yun)山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區對(dui)研究物種起(qi)源和(he)進化、遺傳(chuan)規律、動(dong)植(zhi)物分類、生物地(di)理學具有(you)很高(gao)的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)價值和(he)科研價值，也(ye)是開展科普(pu)宣傳(chuan)和(he)教學實習的(de)良好(hao)場所(suo)。