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歷史沿革

1997年江西省崇義縣人民政府建立了齊云山縣級自然(ran)保護(hu)區。

2004年(nian)江西省人民政(zheng)府(fu)將其批準為省級自然保(bao)護區。

2012年1月21日國務院批準將齊云山自然保(bao)護區晉升為國家級自然保(bao)護區。

地理環境

水文

齊云山(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)溪河(he)(he)(he)縱橫，河(he)(he)(he)流密布(bu)，2km以上(shang)(shang)(shang)的河(he)(he)(he)（溪）流有(you)13條，累計(ji)長度70.4km。各(ge)河(he)(he)(he)流名稱及長度分別為(wei)：新地河(he)(he)(he)12.5km，桶江(jiang)河(he)(he)(he)8.5km，十八壘河(he)(he)(he)7km，冬(dong)瓜坪河(he)(he)(he)6km，均(jun)源(yuan)河(he)(he)(he)5.2km，橫河(he)(he)(he)、楊柳洞河(he)(he)(he)、諸廣山(shan)河(he)(he)(he)各(ge)5km，大水坑(keng)河(he)(he)(he)4. 5 km，雪(xue)竹(zhu)窩河(he)(he)(he)4.2km，茶坑(keng)河(he)(he)(he)3km，石盤山(shan)河(he)(he)(he)2.5km，正(zheng)井河(he)(he)(he)2km，上(shang)(shang)(shang)述河(he)(he)(he)流均(jun)匯入上(shang)(shang)(shang)猶江(jiang)后入章(zhang)江(jiang)、贛江(jiang)。這些河(he)(he)(he)流的年總徑流量約(yue)4.3億(yi)m3，平均(jun)流速(su)2.11m/秒，平均(jun)水面寬(kuan)8.03m，平均(jun)水深(shen)1.0m。由于區(qu)內(nei)人類(lei)干擾較少，水質均(jun)為(wei)Ⅰ類(lei)。

地質地貌

齊云山自然保護區海拔最低為300m，最高為2061.3m，即齊云山頂峰，為贛南最高峰，江西第四高峰，相對高差達1761.3m。區內群山疊起，溪河縱橫，超過海拔1200m的山峰有35座，其中1500m以上有18座。地貌形態類型以山岳型中山-亞高山地貌為主體，次為中低山(shan)地(di)貌(mao)；地(di)貌(mao)成因類(lei)型(xing)以花崗巖山(shan)岳地(di)貌(mao)為主(zhu)，主(zhu)體屬(shu)于構造切割侵蝕+流(liu)水浸蝕+風化(hua)剝蝕地(di)貌(mao)，少量堆積地(di)貌(mao)。

齊(qi)云山自然保護區地(di)處(chu)華夏板塊、南嶺(ling)緯向(xiang)構(gou)造帶與(yu)羅(luo)霄經(jing)向(xiang)構(gou)造帶的(de)(de)結(jie)合地(di)段，區域構(gou)造型(xing)式呈“⊥”型(xing)特點。區內(nei)地(di)層出露有新元古(gu)代震旦系至早古(gu)生(sheng)代寒武系、奧陶系海相沉積變質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)系（淺(qian)變質(zhi)）和(he)晚(wan)古(gu)生(sheng)代的(de)(de)泥盆系，少(shao)量第四(si)紀松散堆積物(wu)沿沖溝水系或底洼（凹）地(di)零星分(fen)(fen)布(bu)。齊(qi)云山自然保護區內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以中生(sheng)代燕山期花(hua)(hua)(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為主，次為早古(gu)生(sheng)代末的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)里(li)(li)東(dong)期花(hua)(hua)(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)類型(xing)多樣(yang)(yang)，有花(hua)(hua)(hua)崗(gang)(gang)閃長巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、二長花(hua)(hua)(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、鉀長花(hua)(hua)(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等(deng)；還有比較(jiao)發育的(de)(de)脈巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如偉晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、細晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、輝綠(lv)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等(deng)。廣泛出露、復雜(za)多樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)內(nei)部巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，組(zu)成了羅(luo)霄山脈中段諸廣山復式巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基的(de)(de)一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)，該巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基分(fen)(fen)別有加(jia)(jia)里(li)(li)東(dong)期的(de)(de)中酸(suan)性巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)，燕山中晚(wan)期的(de)(de)酸(suan)性、酸(suan)堿(jian)性巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，堿(jian)長花(hua)(hua)(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。區內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)(jiang)活(huo)動劃(hua)分(fen)(fen)為加(jia)(jia)里(li)(li)東(dong)和(he)燕山兩個(ge)旋迥。

區(qu)內重要(yao)古生物(wu)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)有寒武紀的(de)海綿骨針、三(san)葉蟲(chong)、腕足動(dong)物(wu)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)，奧陶(tao)(tao)紀的(de)筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)，泥(ni)盆紀的(de)腕足、時代老的(de)魚類及植(zhi)物(wu)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)等。崇義地區(qu)奧陶(tao)(tao)紀筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群(qun)十(shi)分豐(feng)富，筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)序列(lie)完整，與(yu)大洋洲(zhou)和北美(mei)洲(zhou)同期筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群(qun)關(guan)系(xi)密切(qie)，而與(yu)歐洲(zhou)同期筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群(qun)迥異(yi)，屬(shu)于典型的(de)太平(ping)洋筆(bi)石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群(qun)。

氣象

齊(qi)云山(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)屬(shu)中亞(ya)(ya)熱帶山(shan)地(di)濕潤季(ji)風氣(qi)候，四季(ji)分明(ming)、冬(dong)長夏短、春遲秋早，春夏冬(dong)3季(ji)濕潤，秋季(ji)干(gan)燥(zao)，光(guang)照適(shi)宜。山(shan)地(di)立體氣(qi)候明(ming)顯，從(cong)山(shan)麓(lu)至山(shan)頂相當(dang)于橫跨亞(ya)(ya)熱帶和溫帶兩(liang)個氣(qi)候帶，加之獨特的(de)(de)地(di)形(xing)地(di)貌及保(bao)(bao)存完好的(de)(de)森林植被，使得保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)在溫度、降水和光(guang)照等(deng)氣(qi)象要(yao)素隨海拔(ba)的(de)(de)升高呈(cheng)現出明(ming)顯的(de)(de)垂直變化規律。

齊(qi)云(yun)山自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)年平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)為9.5～17.8℃，隨海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)度(du)的增加而降低(di)。一年中各月平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)7月最(zui)高(gao)，1月最(zui)低(di)；海(hai)拔(ba)500m以上山區(qu)，7～8月平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)低(di)于(yu)(yu)25℃，相當于(yu)(yu)山麓崇義縣城5月、9月的平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)；以平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)≥22℃為夏季的標(biao)準，則自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)海(hai)拔(ba)1000m以上無夏季，海(hai)拔(ba)800m—1000m地區(qu)有夏季但無高(gao)溫(wen)。

齊云山自然保護區無霜期根(gen)據海拔(ba)高度的不(bu)同變(bian)幅比較大(da)，海拔(ba)300m以下(xia)，平均為268天(tian)(tian)；海拔(ba)2000m以上，平均為183天(tian)(tian)，山頂和山麓相差近80余天(tian)(tian)。

齊云山自然保護區年(nian)平(ping)均降(jiang)雨(yu)量1568.7mm。全(quan)年(nian)最大降(jiang)雨(yu)量以海(hai)拔(ba)415m的關田為最大，海(hai)拔(ba)610m的雞(ji)公壩(ba)年(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)量最少(shao)。

區域范圍

江西(xi)齊(qi)(qi)云山(shan)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區位于江西(xi)省(sheng)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)邊陲崇義縣西(xi)北(bei)部(bu)，地處湘贛兩省(sheng)界山(shan)——羅霄山(shan)脈(mo)的南(nan)(nan)(nan)端(duan)(duan)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)嶺山(shan)地北(bei)坡，屬中亞熱帶東(dong)部(bu)濕潤型季風氣候區。齊(qi)(qi)云山(shan)是羅霄山(shan)脈(mo)南(nan)(nan)(nan)端(duan)(duan)諸廣山(shan)脈(mo)主(zhu)峰(feng)，海拔2061.3米，為贛南(nan)(nan)(nan)第一高峰(feng)。齊(qi)(qi)云山(shan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區地理(li)坐標(biao)為：東(dong)經113°54′37″—114°07′34″，北(bei)緯25°41′47″—25°54′21″，總(zong)面積17105公頃。

保護目標

該保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)現(xian)已(yi)記錄(lu)高(gao)等植物(wu)(wu)270科(ke)1031屬2843種(zhong)(zhong)，占全(quan)省高(gao)等植物(wu)(wu)總數(shu)的55.9%；脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)34目(mu)101科(ke)394種(zhong)(zhong)，占全(quan)省脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)總數(shu)的46.6%，其中(zhong)國家重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)野生植物(wu)(wu)17種(zhong)(zhong)、國家重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)野生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)50種(zhong)(zhong)。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)還(huan)保(bao)存(cun)有長苞鐵(tie)杉(shan)、大(da)果馬蹄(ti)荷、五列(lie)目(mu)、天(tian)目(mu)紫莖、伯樂樹(shu)等眾(zhong)多特(te)色植物(wu)(wu)群(qun)落，其中(zhong)長苞鐵(tie)杉(shan)總面積608.5公頃、總數(shu)量超(chao)過27萬株，極(ji)為(wei)罕見。此外，保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)還(huan)是中(zhong)國候鳥中(zhong)部(bu)遷(qian)徙的重(zhong)要驛站之(zhi)一(yi)，每(mei)年數(shu)十萬候鳥南遷(qian)北(bei)返途經(jing)此地(di)。

自然資源

植物資源

齊云山自然保護區高等植(zhi)(zhi)物2843種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于270科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1031屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，其中種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物178科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)847屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸(luo)(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物9科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物169科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)830屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2402種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；蕨(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)物40科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)85屬(shu)(shu)(shu)229種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；苔(tai)蘚植(zhi)(zhi)物52科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)99屬(shu)(shu)(shu)192種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物中，人工栽培(pei)52科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)97屬(shu)(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，天然分布168科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)784屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2256種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸(luo)(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物161科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)777屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2246種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。鑒(jian)定(ding)出大(da)型真菌40科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)87屬(shu)(shu)(shu)182種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

齊云山自然保護區天然分布的植物中：國家重點保護野生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)（第Ⅰ批(pi)，1999年(nian)）有17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這些種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類隸屬于(yu)(yu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)12屬12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入(ru)《中(zhong)國植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)紅皮書》（第一(yi)批(pi)）的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類有20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)瀕(bin)危1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，漸危9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入(ru)《瀕(bin)危野生動(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿易公約（CITES）附錄(lu)》（2007）的(de)有3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)多，計74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入(ru)《IUCN物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色名錄(lu)（2007）》的(de)有20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)瀕(bin)危5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，低危7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)(lie)入(ru)《中(zhong)國物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色名錄(lu)》（2007）的(de)有88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)瀕(bin)危13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，近(jin)危38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。江西省級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)（2005年(nian)）有140種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于(yu)(yu)紫金牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蕓香科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)多，達51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于(yu)(yu)松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)杜(du)英科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、千屈菜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木(mu)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）四科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)較多，其(qi)(qi)余(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均只含1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于(yu)(yu)觀音坐蓮(lian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、三尖杉科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜(du)鵑花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、百(bai)合科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等(deng)34科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木(mu)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、殼斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、山茶(cha)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、蝶形(xing)花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、金縷梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）等(deng)6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這些科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所含種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類超過所有三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類的(de)一(yi)半。

按中國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)被(bei)分(fen)類(lei)系統及分(fen)類(lei)原則（中國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)被(bei)編輯委員會,1980），齊(qi)云山(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的植(zhi)被(bei)類(lei)型(xing)歸(gui)納為4個植(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)組(zu)（vegetation type group），11個植(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)（vegetation type），70個群(qun)系（formation）。按中國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)被(bei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃（江(jiang)西森(sen)林(lin)(lin)編委會,1986），齊(qi)云山(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)所處的位(wei)置是：Ⅳ 亞(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)，ⅣA東(dong)部(bu)（濕潤）常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)→ⅣAii中亞(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)地帶(dai)→ ⅣAiib中亞(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)南(nan)部(bu)亞(ya)(ya)地帶(dai)→I-ⅣAiib-2南(nan)嶺(ling)山(shan)地丘(qiu)陵栲、楠、阿丁楓（蕈樹）林(lin)(lin)、松(song)杉(shan)林(lin)(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu) →ⅣAiia-2（14）桃江(jiang)中游、貢水(shui)上(shang)游丘(qiu)陵栲、楠、松(song)杉(shan)林(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)（桃江(jiang)、貢水(shui)丘(qiu)陵森(sen)林(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)）。

齊(qi)云山(shan)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)植(zhi)被(bei)水平分(fen)(fen)布(bu)和垂直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)各有特(te)征(zheng)。①在水平分(fen)(fen)布(bu)上,地帶性植(zhi)被(bei)中亞熱(re)帶東(dong)部濕潤性常(chang)(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)闊葉(xie)林分(fen)(fen)布(bu)廣(guang)、面積大，主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)于保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)楊柳洞、桶(tong)江、橫河、冬瓜坪和上、下(xia)十八壘，針(zhen)葉(xie)林則主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在陡峭的山(shan)脊(ji)、梁頂，林下(xia)灌木和草(cao)本(ben)層植(zhi)物的分(fen)(fen)布(bu)也(ye)表現出(chu)水平方向(xiang)上的差異。②垂直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)規律不甚明顯，但仍可劃成(cheng)幾個垂直(zhi)帶，依次是毛竹林（400－1100m）——常(chang)(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)闊葉(xie)林（400-1200m）——常(chang)(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)-落葉(xie)闊葉(xie)混(hun)交林（1000－1500m）——針(zhen)闊混(hun)交林（1300－1600m）——山(shan)頂矮林（1600－1800m）——山(shan)地草(cao)甸（1800m以上）。齊(qi)云山(shan)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)森(sen)林覆蓋(gai)率97.6%，其(qi)中核心區(qu)(qu)97.8%，緩沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)98.1%，實驗(yan)區(qu)(qu)96.7%。

動物資源

齊(qi)云山自然保護區動(dong)物(wu)資源豐富，有脊椎動(dong)物(wu)34目(mu)101科(ke)(ke)(ke)394種，其中(zhong)哺乳類(lei)(lei)8目(mu)20科(ke)(ke)(ke)45種，鳥類(lei)(lei)17目(mu)54科(ke)(ke)(ke)257種，爬行類(lei)(lei)3目(mu)11科(ke)(ke)(ke)48種，兩(liang)棲類(lei)(lei)2目(mu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)24種，魚類(lei)(lei)4目(mu)9科(ke)(ke)(ke)20種。有國家Ⅰ級(ji)重(zhong)點保護動(dong)物(wu)4種，國家Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點保護動(dong)物(wu)46種，珍稀瀕危動(dong)物(wu)57種。已(yi)記錄陸生貝類(lei)(lei)37種，隸屬(shu)(shu)于10科(ke)(ke)(ke)18屬(shu)(shu)；蜘蛛28科(ke)(ke)(ke)73屬(shu)(shu)171種；昆蟲(chong)18目(mu)162科(ke)(ke)(ke)824屬(shu)(shu)1168種。

管理措施

針對森(sen)林這一(yi)生態(tai)(tai)環境的主題(ti)進行(xing)保護(hu)，堅持(chi)生態(tai)(tai)優(you)先，生態(tai)(tai)建設與生態(tai)(tai)保護(hu)并重，遵(zun)循自然規律；同時(shi)，加大林相改(gai)(gai)造科研投(tou)入，有(you)計劃有(you)步(bu)驟地改(gai)(gai)造人工純林，增加闊葉林和混交林的比(bi)重，改(gai)(gai)造林相，恢復和提高林分質量。

開展(zhan)野(ye)生生物(wu)資源的(de)本底調查并制定保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規劃，切實(shi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)其(qi)物(wu)種(zhong)的(de)多樣性(xing)、遺傳多樣性(xing)以及生態系統多樣性(xing)。采取就地保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、遷地保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和離體(ti)保(bao)(bao)存相結合的(de)方式保(bao)(bao)護(hu)珍稀、瀕危物(wu)種(zhong)，防(fang)止物(wu)種(zhong)滅絕。盡可能地降低旅游開發(fa)經營給野(ye)生生物(wu)造成的(de)生存威脅(xie)。

生態價值

齊(qi)云山保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)地(di)處南亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶和中亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶過渡區(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)，區(qu)內(nei)既有(you)(you)(you)大量保護(hu)(hu)較為完(wan)(wan)好的(de)(de)南亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶植(zhi)(zhi)被類(lei)型(xing)，又是(shi)中國(guo)中亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶東部(bu)森林(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)被類(lei)型(xing)保存(cun)(cun)比(bi)較完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)，常(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)生(sheng)長尤為繁茂，是(shi)野(ye)生(sheng)動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)理想的(de)(de)棲息繁衍場所(suo)和中國(guo)中部(bu)夏候鳥(niao)遷徙(xi)的(de)(de)重要通道之一，更是(shi)瀕危動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)和許多孑遺植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)避難所(suo)。保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)內(nei)生(sheng)態系(xi)統組成成份復雜，類(lei)型(xing)豐(feng)富(fu)，物(wu)(wu)種相對(dui)豐(feng)度(du)較高，珍稀和地(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)性(xing)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群落多，保存(cun)(cun)有(you)(you)(you)重要的(de)(de)長苞(bao)鐵(tie)杉、福建(jian)柏、五列木、天目紫(zi)莖(jing)、舟(zhou)柄茶、伯樂樹(shu)、蘭科(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)等原生(sheng)群落，以(yi)及分布廣、面積大的(de)(de)大果馬蹄荷、南嶺(ling)紫(zi)荊、秀柱(zhu)花(hua)等南嶺(ling)山地(di)特(te)有(you)(you)(you)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群落。

因(yin)此(ci)(ci)，齊云山(shan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)既保(bao)留有南亞熱(re)帶部分(fen)森林(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)統的(de)特征，同時(shi)又具有十分(fen)典型的(de)中亞熱(re)帶森林(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)統的(de)完整性(xing)，是(shi)兩個區(qu)域生態(tai)系(xi)統的(de)交匯和(he)過渡帶。同時(shi)，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)還是(shi)中國中部候鳥南北遷徙的(de)重要通(tong)道之一。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)，齊云山(shan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)對研究物種起源(yuan)和(he)進化、遺傳規律、動植物分(fen)類、生物地理(li)學(xue)具有很高的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)價值和(he)科(ke)研價值，也是(shi)開展科(ke)普(pu)宣傳和(he)教學(xue)實習(xi)的(de)良好場所。