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歷史沿革

1997年江西省崇義縣人民政府建立了齊云山縣級自然(ran)保護區。

2004年(nian)江西省人民(min)政(zheng)府將(jiang)其(qi)批準為省級自然保護區。

2012年1月21日(ri)國(guo)務(wu)院批準將(jiang)齊云(yun)山自然保護區晉升(sheng)為國(guo)家級(ji)自然保護區。

地理環境

水文

齊云山(shan)自然保護(hu)區溪(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)縱橫，河(he)(he)流密布(bu)，2km以上(shang)的(de)河(he)(he)（溪(xi)(xi)）流有13條，累計長度70.4km。各河(he)(he)流名(ming)稱及長度分別為(wei)：新地河(he)(he)12.5km，桶江(jiang)河(he)(he)8.5km，十八壘河(he)(he)7km，冬瓜坪河(he)(he)6km，均(jun)(jun)源河(he)(he)5.2km，橫河(he)(he)、楊柳(liu)洞河(he)(he)、諸廣山(shan)河(he)(he)各5km，大水(shui)坑河(he)(he)4. 5 km，雪竹(zhu)窩河(he)(he)4.2km，茶坑河(he)(he)3km，石(shi)盤山(shan)河(he)(he)2.5km，正井河(he)(he)2km，上(shang)述河(he)(he)流均(jun)(jun)匯(hui)入(ru)上(shang)猶江(jiang)后(hou)入(ru)章江(jiang)、贛江(jiang)。這(zhe)些河(he)(he)流的(de)年總徑流量約4.3億m3，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)流速2.11m/秒(miao)，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)面寬8.03m，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水(shui)深(shen)1.0m。由(you)于區內人類(lei)干擾較少，水(shui)質均(jun)(jun)為(wei)Ⅰ類(lei)。

地質地貌

齊云山自然保護區海拔最低為300m，最高為2061.3m，即齊云山頂峰，為贛南最高峰，江西第四高峰，相對高差達1761.3m。區內群山疊起，溪河縱橫，超過海拔1200m的山峰有35座，其中1500m以上有18座。地貌形態類型以山岳型中山-亞高山地貌為主體，次為中低山地(di)(di)貌；地(di)(di)貌成因類型(xing)以花(hua)崗巖山岳地(di)(di)貌為主(zhu)，主(zhu)體(ti)屬于構造(zao)切(qie)割侵蝕+流水浸(jin)蝕+風化剝(bo)蝕地(di)(di)貌，少量堆(dui)積地(di)(di)貌。

齊云(yun)山(shan)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)處(chu)華夏(xia)板塊(kuai)、南(nan)嶺緯向構(gou)(gou)造帶(dai)與羅(luo)霄(xiao)經向構(gou)(gou)造帶(dai)的(de)結合(he)地(di)(di)段(duan)，區(qu)(qu)域構(gou)(gou)造型式呈“⊥”型特點。區(qu)(qu)內(nei)地(di)(di)層出(chu)露有(you)(you)新元古(gu)代(dai)震旦系至早古(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)寒(han)武系、奧(ao)陶系海相沉積變質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)系（淺變質(zhi)）和晚古(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)的(de)泥盆系，少量(liang)第四紀松散堆積物沿沖溝水系或底洼（凹）地(di)(di)零星分(fen)(fen)(fen)布。齊云(yun)山(shan)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以中(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)燕山(shan)期(qi)(qi)花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為主，次為早古(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)末的(de)加(jia)里東期(qi)(qi)花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)類型多(duo)樣，有(you)(you)花崗(gang)閃長(chang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、二(er)長(chang)花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、鉀長(chang)花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等；還有(you)(you)比較發(fa)育的(de)脈巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如偉晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、細晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、輝綠(lv)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等。廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)出(chu)露、復雜多(duo)樣的(de)內(nei)部巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，組成(cheng)了羅(luo)霄(xiao)山(shan)脈中(zhong)段(duan)諸廣(guang)(guang)山(shan)復式巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基的(de)一部分(fen)(fen)(fen)，該巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)有(you)(you)加(jia)里東期(qi)(qi)的(de)中(zhong)酸(suan)性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)，燕山(shan)中(zhong)晚期(qi)(qi)的(de)酸(suan)性(xing)、酸(suan)堿性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，堿長(chang)花崗(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。區(qu)(qu)內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿活(huo)動劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)為加(jia)里東和燕山(shan)兩個(ge)旋迥(jiong)。

區(qu)內重要古(gu)生(sheng)物化(hua)石有(you)寒武紀(ji)的(de)(de)海(hai)綿骨針、三葉蟲、腕(wan)足動(dong)(dong)物化(hua)石，奧陶紀(ji)的(de)(de)筆(bi)(bi)(bi)石動(dong)(dong)物化(hua)石，泥盆(pen)紀(ji)的(de)(de)腕(wan)足、時代老的(de)(de)魚(yu)類及植物化(hua)石等。崇義地(di)區(qu)奧陶紀(ji)筆(bi)(bi)(bi)石動(dong)(dong)物群(qun)十分豐富(fu)，筆(bi)(bi)(bi)石序(xu)列完整，與大洋洲和北美洲同期(qi)筆(bi)(bi)(bi)石動(dong)(dong)物群(qun)關系密切，而與歐洲同期(qi)筆(bi)(bi)(bi)石動(dong)(dong)物群(qun)迥異，屬于典型的(de)(de)太平洋筆(bi)(bi)(bi)石動(dong)(dong)物群(qun)。

氣象

齊云山(shan)自然保護(hu)區屬中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶(dai)山(shan)地(di)(di)濕(shi)潤季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)，四(si)季(ji)(ji)分(fen)明(ming)、冬長夏短、春遲秋(qiu)早，春夏冬3季(ji)(ji)濕(shi)潤，秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)干燥(zao)，光照適宜。山(shan)地(di)(di)立體氣候(hou)明(ming)顯，從山(shan)麓至山(shan)頂(ding)相當于橫跨亞熱(re)帶(dai)和(he)溫(wen)帶(dai)兩(liang)個氣候(hou)帶(dai)，加之獨特(te)的(de)地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌及保存完好的(de)森林植(zhi)被，使得(de)保護(hu)區在溫(wen)度(du)、降水(shui)和(he)光照等氣象(xiang)要(yao)素(su)隨海拔的(de)升高呈現出明(ming)顯的(de)垂(chui)直變化規律。

齊云山(shan)(shan)自然保護(hu)區(qu)年平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為9.5～17.8℃，隨海(hai)(hai)(hai)拔(ba)高度的增加(jia)而降低。一年中(zhong)各(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)最高，1月(yue)(yue)(yue)最低；海(hai)(hai)(hai)拔(ba)500m以(yi)上山(shan)(shan)區(qu)，7～8月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)低于25℃，相(xiang)當于山(shan)(shan)麓崇義縣(xian)城5月(yue)(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)(yue)的平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)；以(yi)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)≥22℃為夏季(ji)的標準，則自然保護(hu)區(qu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)拔(ba)1000m以(yi)上無(wu)夏季(ji)，海(hai)(hai)(hai)拔(ba)800m—1000m地(di)區(qu)有夏季(ji)但無(wu)高溫(wen)。

齊云山自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)無霜(shuang)期根據海(hai)拔(ba)高度的不同變幅比較大，海(hai)拔(ba)300m以下，平(ping)(ping)均為(wei)268天；海(hai)拔(ba)2000m以上(shang)，平(ping)(ping)均為(wei)183天，山頂和(he)山麓相差近80余天。

齊云山自然保(bao)護區年(nian)平均降雨量1568.7mm。全年(nian)最(zui)(zui)大降雨量以海拔415m的關田為(wei)最(zui)(zui)大，海拔610m的雞公壩年(nian)降雨量最(zui)(zui)少。

區域范圍

江西(xi)(xi)齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)自然保(bao)護區位于(yu)江西(xi)(xi)省西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)邊陲崇義(yi)縣西(xi)(xi)北部(bu)，地處湘(xiang)贛兩省界山(shan)——羅霄山(shan)脈的南(nan)(nan)端，南(nan)(nan)嶺山(shan)地北坡，屬中(zhong)亞熱帶東(dong)部(bu)濕(shi)潤型季風氣候(hou)區。齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)是(shi)羅霄山(shan)脈南(nan)(nan)端諸廣山(shan)脈主(zhu)峰，海拔2061.3米，為贛南(nan)(nan)第(di)一高峰。齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)保(bao)護區地理(li)坐標為：東(dong)經113°54′37″—114°07′34″，北緯25°41′47″—25°54′21″，總面(mian)積17105公頃(qing)。

保護目標

該保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)現(xian)已記錄高等(deng)植物(wu)(wu)270科(ke)1031屬(shu)2843種，占全(quan)省高等(deng)植物(wu)(wu)總數的55.9%；脊椎動物(wu)(wu)34目(mu)101科(ke)394種，占全(quan)省脊椎動物(wu)(wu)總數的46.6%，其中國(guo)家重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)17種、國(guo)家重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)50種。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)還(huan)保(bao)存有長(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉、大果馬蹄荷、五列(lie)目(mu)、天目(mu)紫莖(jing)、伯(bo)樂(le)樹等(deng)眾多特色植物(wu)(wu)群落，其中長(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉總面(mian)積(ji)608.5公頃、總數量超過27萬(wan)株，極為罕見。此(ci)外，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)還(huan)是中國(guo)候鳥中部遷徙的重要驛(yi)站之(zhi)一，每年(nian)數十萬(wan)候鳥南遷北返途經此(ci)地。

自然資源

植物資源

齊云山自然保護區高等(deng)植(zhi)物(wu)2843種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)于270科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1031屬(shu)(shu)，其中種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)178科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)847屬(shu)(shu)2422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)9科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)169科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)830屬(shu)(shu)2402種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；蕨類植(zhi)物(wu)40科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)85屬(shu)(shu)229種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；苔蘚植(zhi)物(wu)52科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)99屬(shu)(shu)192種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)中，人(ren)工(gong)栽培52科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)97屬(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，天然分(fen)布(bu)168科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)784屬(shu)(shu)2256種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)161科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)777屬(shu)(shu)2246種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。鑒定(ding)出大型(xing)真菌40科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)87屬(shu)(shu)182種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

齊云山自然保護區天然分布的植物中：國家重點保護野生植(zhi)物(wu)（第Ⅰ批，1999年）有(you)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級(ji)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這些(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類隸屬(shu)(shu)于17科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蕨(jue)類植(zhi)物(wu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植(zhi)物(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子植(zhi)物(wu)12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)12屬(shu)(shu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)(ru)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國植(zhi)物(wu)紅(hong)(hong)皮書(shu)》（第一(yi)批）的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類有(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)危(wei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，漸危(wei)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有(you)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)(ru)《瀕(bin)危(wei)野生(sheng)動植(zhi)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿易公(gong)約（CITES）附錄》（2007）的有(you)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)多，計74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)(ru)《IUCN物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)名(ming)錄（2007）》的有(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)危(wei)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危(wei)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，低危(wei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)(ru)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)名(ming)錄》（2007）的有(you)88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)危(wei)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危(wei)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，近危(wei)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。江西省級(ji)重點保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)（2005年）有(you)140種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)于紫金牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蕓香科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)植(zhi)物(wu)多，達51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；二級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)于松(song)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)杜英(ying)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、松(song)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、千屈菜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）四科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)較(jiao)多，其(qi)余(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均(jun)只含1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；三級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)于觀(guan)音坐(zuo)蓮科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、三尖杉科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜鵑花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼(ke)斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、百合科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等34科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、殼(ke)斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、山茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、蝶形(xing)花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、金縷梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）等6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這些(xie)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所含種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類超過所有(you)三級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類的一(yi)半。

按中(zhong)國植被(bei)(bei)分類(lei)(lei)系(xi)統及(ji)分類(lei)(lei)原則（中(zhong)國植被(bei)(bei)編(bian)輯(ji)委員會,1980），齊云山自然保護區的(de)植被(bei)(bei)類(lei)(lei)型歸(gui)納為(wei)4個植被(bei)(bei)型組(zu)（vegetation type group），11個植被(bei)(bei)型（vegetation type），70個群(qun)系(xi)（formation）。按中(zhong)國植被(bei)(bei)區劃（江西森林(lin)編(bian)委會,1986），齊云山自然保護區所處的(de)位(wei)置是：Ⅳ 亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)區域，ⅣA東部（濕潤）常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區域→ⅣAii中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)地(di)帶(dai)→ ⅣAiib中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)南部亞(ya)(ya)地(di)帶(dai)→I-ⅣAiib-2南嶺山地(di)丘(qiu)陵栲、楠、阿丁楓(feng)（蕈樹）林(lin)、松杉(shan)林(lin)區 →ⅣAiia-2（14）桃江中(zhong)游、貢水上(shang)游丘(qiu)陵栲、楠、松杉(shan)林(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區（桃江、貢水丘(qiu)陵森林(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區）。

齊云(yun)山自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)植被水平分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)和垂直(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)各有特(te)征(zheng)。①在水平分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)上(shang),地帶性(xing)植被中亞熱帶東部濕潤性(xing)常(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)廣、面積大，主要分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)于保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)楊柳洞、桶(tong)江、橫河、冬瓜坪和上(shang)、下十八壘，針葉(xie)林(lin)則主要分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)在陡峭的(de)山脊、梁頂(ding)，林(lin)下灌木和草(cao)(cao)本層植物的(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)也表現出水平方向上(shang)的(de)差異。②垂直(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)規律(lv)不甚明顯，但(dan)仍可劃成幾(ji)個垂直(zhi)(zhi)帶，依次(ci)是毛竹林(lin)（400－1100m）——常(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林(lin)（400-1200m）——常(chang)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)-落葉(xie)闊(kuo)葉(xie)混交林(lin)（1000－1500m）——針闊(kuo)混交林(lin)（1300－1600m）——山頂(ding)矮林(lin)（1600－1800m）——山地草(cao)(cao)甸（1800m以(yi)上(shang)）。齊云(yun)山自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)森林(lin)覆蓋率97.6%，其(qi)中核心區(qu)(qu)97.8%，緩沖區(qu)(qu)98.1%，實驗區(qu)(qu)96.7%。

動物資源

齊云山自然保護(hu)區動物資(zi)源豐富(fu)，有脊椎動物34目(mu)(mu)101科(ke)(ke)394種(zhong)(zhong)，其中哺乳類(lei)8目(mu)(mu)20科(ke)(ke)45種(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)17目(mu)(mu)54科(ke)(ke)257種(zhong)(zhong)，爬行類(lei)3目(mu)(mu)11科(ke)(ke)48種(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲(qi)類(lei)2目(mu)(mu)7科(ke)(ke)24種(zhong)(zhong)，魚類(lei)4目(mu)(mu)9科(ke)(ke)20種(zhong)(zhong)。有國家Ⅰ級(ji)重點保護(hu)動物4種(zhong)(zhong)，國家Ⅱ級(ji)重點保護(hu)動物46種(zhong)(zhong)，珍稀瀕(bin)危動物57種(zhong)(zhong)。已記錄陸生貝類(lei)37種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于10科(ke)(ke)18屬；蜘蛛(zhu)28科(ke)(ke)73屬171種(zhong)(zhong)；昆(kun)蟲18目(mu)(mu)162科(ke)(ke)824屬1168種(zhong)(zhong)。

管理措施

針(zhen)對森(sen)林(lin)(lin)這(zhe)一生(sheng)(sheng)態環境的(de)主題進行(xing)保(bao)護(hu)，堅持生(sheng)(sheng)態優(you)先，生(sheng)(sheng)態建設(she)與生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)護(hu)并重(zhong)，遵循自然規律；同時，加(jia)大林(lin)(lin)相改造(zao)(zao)科研投入，有(you)(you)計劃(hua)有(you)(you)步(bu)驟地改造(zao)(zao)人工純林(lin)(lin)，增加(jia)闊葉林(lin)(lin)和混交林(lin)(lin)的(de)比重(zhong)，改造(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)相，恢(hui)復和提高林(lin)(lin)分質量。

開展野生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物資源(yuan)的本底(di)調查并(bing)制定保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規劃，切實保(bao)(bao)護(hu)其(qi)物種的多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性、遺(yi)傳多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性以及生(sheng)(sheng)態系統多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性。采取(qu)就地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、遷(qian)地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和離體(ti)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)相結(jie)合的方式(shi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)珍稀、瀕危物種，防(fang)止(zhi)物種滅絕。盡(jin)可能地(di)降低旅游開發經營給(gei)野生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物造成的生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)威脅。

生態價值

齊云山保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)地(di)處南亞熱(re)帶(dai)和中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶(dai)過渡區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，區(qu)(qu)內既有(you)大量(liang)保(bao)護(hu)較為完(wan)好的(de)南亞熱(re)帶(dai)植被類(lei)型(xing)，又是(shi)中(zhong)國中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶(dai)東部森林植被類(lei)型(xing)保(bao)存比較完(wan)整的(de)地(di)域(yu)，常(chang)綠闊葉林生(sheng)長尤為繁茂(mao)，是(shi)野生(sheng)動植物(wu)(wu)理想的(de)棲息繁衍場所(suo)和中(zhong)國中(zhong)部夏(xia)候鳥遷(qian)徙的(de)重要(yao)通道之一(yi)，更是(shi)瀕危動植物(wu)(wu)和許多孑(jie)遺(yi)植物(wu)(wu)的(de)避難所(suo)。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內生(sheng)態系(xi)統組(zu)成成份復雜，類(lei)型(xing)豐(feng)富(fu)，物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)相對豐(feng)度較高，珍稀(xi)和地(di)域(yu)性植物(wu)(wu)群落多，保(bao)存有(you)重要(yao)的(de)長苞鐵(tie)杉、福建(jian)柏(bo)、五列(lie)木、天目紫莖、舟柄茶、伯樂(le)樹、蘭科植物(wu)(wu)等(deng)原生(sheng)群落，以及分布廣、面(mian)積大的(de)大果馬蹄荷、南嶺紫荊(jing)、秀柱花等(deng)南嶺山地(di)特有(you)植物(wu)(wu)群落。

因(yin)此，齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)保護區(qu)既保留(liu)有南(nan)亞(ya)熱帶部分森林生態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)特征，同時又具有十(shi)分典型(xing)的(de)中亞(ya)熱帶森林生態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)完整性，是兩(liang)個區(qu)域(yu)生態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)交匯和(he)過渡帶。同時，保護區(qu)還是中國(guo)中部候鳥(niao)南(nan)北遷徙的(de)重要通(tong)道(dao)之一。因(yin)此，齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)保護區(qu)對研究(jiu)物(wu)種(zhong)起源和(he)進化、遺傳規(gui)律、動植物(wu)分類、生物(wu)地理學具有很高的(de)保護價(jia)值和(he)科研價(jia)值，也是開展科普宣傳和(he)教學實習的(de)良(liang)好場所。