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歷史沿革

1997年江西省崇義縣人民政府建立了齊云山縣級自然保護區。

2004年江西省人民政府將其批準為(wei)省級自然保護區。

2012年1月21日國務院批準將(jiang)齊云山自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區晉升(sheng)為國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區。

地理環境

水文

齊云山自(zi)然保護區(qu)溪河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)縱橫，河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)密布，2km以(yi)上(shang)的河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)（溪）流(liu)有13條，累計長(chang)度(du)(du)70.4km。各河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)名稱及長(chang)度(du)(du)分別為：新地(di)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)12.5km，桶(tong)江(jiang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)8.5km，十八(ba)壘河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)7km，冬(dong)瓜(gua)坪河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)6km，均(jun)(jun)源(yuan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)5.2km，橫河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、楊柳洞(dong)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、諸廣山河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)各5km，大水坑河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)4. 5 km，雪竹窩河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)4.2km，茶坑河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)3km，石盤山河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)2.5km，正井河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)2km，上(shang)述(shu)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)均(jun)(jun)匯入上(shang)猶江(jiang)后入章江(jiang)、贛江(jiang)。這些河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)的年總(zong)徑流(liu)量約4.3億m3，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)流(liu)速2.11m/秒，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水面寬8.03m，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)水深1.0m。由于(yu)區(qu)內人類(lei)干擾較少(shao)，水質(zhi)均(jun)(jun)為Ⅰ類(lei)。

地質地貌

齊云山自然保護區海拔最低為300m，最高為2061.3m，即齊云山頂峰，為贛南最高峰，江西第四高峰，相對高差達1761.3m。區內群山疊起，溪河縱橫，超過海拔1200m的山峰有35座，其中1500m以上有18座。地貌形態類型以山岳型中山-亞高山地貌為主體，次為中低山地(di)貌；地(di)貌成因類(lei)型以花崗巖(yan)山岳(yue)地(di)貌為主，主體屬于構(gou)造切割侵蝕(shi)+流水浸(jin)蝕(shi)+風化(hua)剝蝕(shi)地(di)貌，少量堆積地(di)貌。

齊云(yun)山(shan)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區地(di)(di)處華夏(xia)板塊、南嶺緯向(xiang)構造(zao)帶與羅霄經向(xiang)構造(zao)帶的(de)(de)結合(he)地(di)(di)段(duan)，區域構造(zao)型式(shi)呈“⊥”型特點(dian)。區內(nei)(nei)地(di)(di)層出(chu)露有(you)新元(yuan)古(gu)代(dai)震旦系(xi)(xi)至早(zao)古(gu)生(sheng)代(dai)寒武系(xi)(xi)、奧(ao)陶系(xi)(xi)海相沉積變(bian)質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)系(xi)(xi)（淺變(bian)質(zhi)）和(he)晚古(gu)生(sheng)代(dai)的(de)(de)泥(ni)盆系(xi)(xi)，少量第四紀松散堆積物沿(yan)沖溝水系(xi)(xi)或底洼（凹）地(di)(di)零星分(fen)布(bu)。齊云(yun)山(shan)自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區內(nei)(nei)巖(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)以中生(sheng)代(dai)燕山(shan)期(qi)(qi)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)為(wei)主，次為(wei)早(zao)古(gu)生(sheng)代(dai)末的(de)(de)加里東期(qi)(qi)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)類型多(duo)樣，有(you)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)閃長巖(yan)(yan)、二長花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)、鉀長花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)等；還有(you)比較發育的(de)(de)脈(mo)巖(yan)(yan)，如偉(wei)晶巖(yan)(yan)、細晶巖(yan)(yan)、輝綠巖(yan)(yan)等。廣(guang)(guang)泛出(chu)露、復(fu)雜多(duo)樣的(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)巖(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)，組(zu)成了羅霄山(shan)脈(mo)中段(duan)諸廣(guang)(guang)山(shan)復(fu)式(shi)巖(yan)(yan)基(ji)的(de)(de)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)，該巖(yan)(yan)基(ji)分(fen)別有(you)加里東期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)中酸性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)石(shi)，燕山(shan)中晚期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)酸性(xing)、酸堿性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)，堿長花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)。區內(nei)(nei)巖(yan)(yan)漿活動劃分(fen)為(wei)加里東和(he)燕山(shan)兩個旋迥。

區內重要古生物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)有(you)寒武紀的(de)(de)海綿骨針、三葉蟲、腕足動(dong)物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)，奧陶紀的(de)(de)筆石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)，泥盆紀的(de)(de)腕足、時代老(lao)的(de)(de)魚(yu)類及(ji)植物(wu)化石(shi)(shi)等。崇義地區奧陶紀筆石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群十分豐(feng)富，筆石(shi)(shi)序列完整(zheng)，與(yu)大(da)洋洲和北美洲同期筆石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群關系(xi)密切，而與(yu)歐洲同期筆石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群迥異，屬于典型的(de)(de)太平洋筆石(shi)(shi)動(dong)物(wu)群。

氣象

齊云山(shan)(shan)自然保護區(qu)(qu)屬中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶(dai)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)濕(shi)潤(run)季(ji)風氣(qi)候，四季(ji)分明(ming)、冬長夏短(duan)、春遲秋(qiu)早，春夏冬3季(ji)濕(shi)潤(run)，秋(qiu)季(ji)干(gan)燥，光照(zhao)適宜。山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)立體氣(qi)候明(ming)顯(xian)，從(cong)山(shan)(shan)麓至山(shan)(shan)頂相(xiang)當于橫跨亞熱(re)帶(dai)和(he)溫帶(dai)兩個氣(qi)候帶(dai)，加之獨特(te)的(de)地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌及保存完(wan)好的(de)森林植被(bei)，使得保護區(qu)(qu)在溫度、降(jiang)水和(he)光照(zhao)等氣(qi)象要(yao)素隨海(hai)拔的(de)升(sheng)高呈(cheng)現出明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)垂直變化規律。

齊云山自然保(bao)護區年平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)9.5～17.8℃，隨海(hai)拔高(gao)度的增加而降低。一年中(zhong)各月(yue)(yue)平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)7月(yue)(yue)最(zui)高(gao)，1月(yue)(yue)最(zui)低；海(hai)拔500m以上山區，7～8月(yue)(yue)平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低于25℃，相當于山麓崇義縣(xian)城5月(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)的平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)；以平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)≥22℃為(wei)夏(xia)季(ji)的標準，則自然保(bao)護區海(hai)拔1000m以上無(wu)夏(xia)季(ji)，海(hai)拔800m—1000m地區有夏(xia)季(ji)但無(wu)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。

齊(qi)云山自然保護區(qu)無霜期根據海(hai)拔高度的不同變幅比(bi)較大，海(hai)拔300m以下，平均為268天；海(hai)拔2000m以上，平均為183天，山頂(ding)和山麓相差近(jin)80余天。

齊云山自然保護區年(nian)平均降(jiang)雨量(liang)1568.7mm。全年(nian)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大降(jiang)雨量(liang)以海拔415m的(de)關田為最(zui)(zui)(zui)大，海拔610m的(de)雞公壩(ba)年(nian)降(jiang)雨量(liang)最(zui)(zui)(zui)少(shao)。

區域范圍

江(jiang)西(xi)齊(qi)云山自然保護區位于江(jiang)西(xi)省西(xi)南(nan)邊陲崇義縣西(xi)北(bei)(bei)部，地(di)處(chu)湘贛兩省界山——羅霄山脈的(de)南(nan)端，南(nan)嶺(ling)山地(di)北(bei)(bei)坡，屬(shu)中亞(ya)熱帶東(dong)部濕潤型季風氣候區。齊(qi)云山是羅霄山脈南(nan)端諸廣山脈主峰，海拔2061.3米，為贛南(nan)第一高(gao)峰。齊(qi)云山保護區地(di)理坐(zuo)標為：東(dong)經113°54′37″—114°07′34″，北(bei)(bei)緯25°41′47″—25°54′21″，總面積(ji)17105公頃。

保護目標

該保護(hu)區(qu)現已記錄高等植物(wu)(wu)270科1031屬2843種(zhong)(zhong)，占全(quan)省(sheng)高等植物(wu)(wu)總(zong)數的55.9%；脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)34目(mu)(mu)101科394種(zhong)(zhong)，占全(quan)省(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)總(zong)數的46.6%，其中國(guo)(guo)家重點保護(hu)野生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)17種(zhong)(zhong)、國(guo)(guo)家重點保護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)50種(zhong)(zhong)。保護(hu)區(qu)還保存有長(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉、大果(guo)馬蹄荷、五列目(mu)(mu)、天目(mu)(mu)紫(zi)莖、伯樂樹等眾(zhong)多(duo)特色(se)植物(wu)(wu)群落，其中長(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉總(zong)面積608.5公頃(qing)、總(zong)數量超過27萬(wan)株(zhu)，極為(wei)罕見(jian)。此外，保護(hu)區(qu)還是中國(guo)(guo)候(hou)鳥中部(bu)遷徙(xi)的重要驛站之一，每年數十萬(wan)候(hou)鳥南遷北返途經(jing)此地(di)。

自然資源

植物資源

齊(qi)云山自然(ran)(ran)保護區高等植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2843種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)于270科1031屬(shu)(shu)，其中種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)178科847屬(shu)(shu)2422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)9科17屬(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)169科830屬(shu)(shu)2402種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)40科85屬(shu)(shu)229種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；苔蘚植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)52科99屬(shu)(shu)192種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)中，人工栽培52科97屬(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，天然(ran)(ran)分布168科784屬(shu)(shu)2256種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)7科7屬(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)161科777屬(shu)(shu)2246種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。鑒定(ding)出(chu)大型真(zhen)菌40科87屬(shu)(shu)182種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

齊云山自然保護區天然分布的植物中：國家重點保護野生植(zhi)物(wu)（第Ⅰ批(pi)，1999年）有(you)(you)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一級(ji)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級(ji)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這些(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)蕨類(lei)(lei)植(zhi)物(wu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)12屬(shu)(shu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)植(zhi)物(wu)紅(hong)皮書》（第一批(pi)）的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，漸危(wei)(wei)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有(you)(you)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入《瀕(bin)(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)野生動植(zhi)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿(mao)易(yi)公約(yue)（CITES）附錄》（2007）的(de)有(you)(you)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)多(duo)，計74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入《IUCN物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色名(ming)錄（2007）》的(de)有(you)(you)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)危(wei)(wei)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，低危(wei)(wei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列(lie)入《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色名(ming)錄》（2007）的(de)有(you)(you)88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)(bin)(bin)危(wei)(wei)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)危(wei)(wei)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，近危(wei)(wei)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。江(jiang)西省級(ji)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)（2005年）有(you)(you)140種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)紫金牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蕓香科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)植(zhi)物(wu)多(duo)，達51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；二級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)松(song)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以杜英科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、松(song)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、千屈菜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）四(si)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)較(jiao)多(duo)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)余(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均只含1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；三級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)觀(guan)音坐蓮科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、三尖杉科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜鵑花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼(ke)斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、百合科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等34科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、殼(ke)斗科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、山(shan)茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、蝶形(xing)花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、金縷(lv)梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）等6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這些(xie)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所(suo)含種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)超過(guo)所(suo)有(you)(you)三級(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)的(de)一半。

按(an)中(zhong)國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)分類(lei)系(xi)統(tong)及(ji)分類(lei)原則（中(zhong)國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)編輯(ji)委員會,1980），齊云山(shan)(shan)自然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類(lei)型歸納為4個(ge)(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型組(zu)（vegetation type group），11個(ge)(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型（vegetation type），70個(ge)(ge)群系(xi)（formation）。按(an)中(zhong)國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃（江西森林(lin)編委會,1986），齊云山(shan)(shan)自然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)所處的位置是(shi)：Ⅳ 亞(ya)(ya)熱帶常(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域，ⅣA東部(bu)（濕(shi)潤）常(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域→ⅣAii中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)熱帶常(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)地帶→ ⅣAiib中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)熱帶常(chang)綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)南部(bu)亞(ya)(ya)地帶→I-ⅣAiib-2南嶺(ling)山(shan)(shan)地丘陵(ling)栲(kao)、楠、阿丁楓（蕈樹）林(lin)、松(song)杉林(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu) →ⅣAiia-2（14）桃江中(zhong)游、貢水(shui)上游丘陵(ling)栲(kao)、楠、松(song)杉林(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)（桃江、貢水(shui)丘陵(ling)森林(lin)亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)）。

齊云山(shan)(shan)(shan)自然(ran)保(bao)護區植(zhi)被(bei)水平分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)和(he)垂直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)各有特征。①在水平分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)上(shang),地帶性植(zhi)被(bei)中亞熱帶東部(bu)濕潤(run)性常綠(lv)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)廣(guang)、面積大，主要分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)于(yu)保(bao)護區楊柳洞、桶(tong)江、橫(heng)河、冬(dong)瓜坪和(he)上(shang)、下十(shi)八壘，針葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)則主要分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)在陡(dou)峭的山(shan)(shan)(shan)脊、梁(liang)頂，林(lin)下灌(guan)木和(he)草(cao)本層植(zhi)物的分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)也表現出水平方向上(shang)的差異(yi)。②垂直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)規律不甚明顯，但仍(reng)可(ke)劃(hua)成幾(ji)個垂直(zhi)帶，依次(ci)是毛竹(zhu)林(lin)（400－1100m）——常綠(lv)闊葉(xie)(xie)林(lin)（400-1200m）——常綠(lv)-落葉(xie)(xie)闊葉(xie)(xie)混(hun)交林(lin)（1000－1500m）——針闊混(hun)交林(lin)（1300－1600m）——山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂矮林(lin)（1600－1800m）——山(shan)(shan)(shan)地草(cao)甸（1800m以上(shang)）。齊云山(shan)(shan)(shan)自然(ran)保(bao)護區森林(lin)覆蓋率97.6%，其中核心(xin)區97.8%，緩沖區98.1%，實驗(yan)區96.7%。

動物資源

齊云(yun)山自然保(bao)護區動(dong)物(wu)資(zi)源豐富，有(you)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)34目101科(ke)(ke)394種(zhong)，其中哺乳(ru)類8目20科(ke)(ke)45種(zhong)，鳥類17目54科(ke)(ke)257種(zhong)，爬行類3目11科(ke)(ke)48種(zhong)，兩棲(qi)類2目7科(ke)(ke)24種(zhong)，魚(yu)類4目9科(ke)(ke)20種(zhong)。有(you)國家(jia)Ⅰ級重點(dian)保(bao)護動(dong)物(wu)4種(zhong)，國家(jia)Ⅱ級重點(dian)保(bao)護動(dong)物(wu)46種(zhong)，珍稀(xi)瀕危動(dong)物(wu)57種(zhong)。已記錄陸生貝(bei)類37種(zhong)，隸屬于(yu)10科(ke)(ke)18屬；蜘蛛28科(ke)(ke)73屬171種(zhong)；昆蟲18目162科(ke)(ke)824屬1168種(zhong)。

管理措施

針(zhen)對森林(lin)(lin)(lin)這一生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境的主題進行(xing)保護，堅(jian)持生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)優先(xian)，生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)建設與生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保護并重，遵循自然規律；同時，加(jia)大林(lin)(lin)(lin)相改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)科(ke)研(yan)投(tou)入，有(you)計劃有(you)步驟(zou)地改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)人工純(chun)林(lin)(lin)(lin)，增加(jia)闊葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)和(he)(he)混(hun)交(jiao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)的比重，改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)相，恢復和(he)(he)提(ti)高林(lin)(lin)(lin)分質量。

開(kai)展野生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)資源的(de)本底調查并制定保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規劃(hua)，切實保(bao)(bao)護(hu)其物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)的(de)多樣(yang)性、遺傳多樣(yang)性以及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統多樣(yang)性。采取就地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)、遷地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和離體(ti)保(bao)(bao)存相結(jie)合的(de)方式(shi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)珍稀(xi)、瀕危(wei)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)，防止物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)滅絕。盡可能地(di)降低旅游開(kai)發經營給野生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)造成的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)存威脅(xie)。

生態價值

齊云山(shan)保護(hu)區(qu)地(di)處南(nan)(nan)亞熱帶和(he)(he)中(zhong)亞熱帶過(guo)渡區(qu)域，區(qu)內既有大(da)量保護(hu)較為完(wan)好(hao)的(de)南(nan)(nan)亞熱帶植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型，又是中(zhong)國中(zhong)亞熱帶東(dong)部森林植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型保存比較完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)地(di)域，常綠闊葉林生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)尤為繁(fan)茂，是野生(sheng)(sheng)動植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)理想的(de)棲息(xi)繁(fan)衍場(chang)所和(he)(he)中(zhong)國中(zhong)部夏候鳥遷徙的(de)重(zhong)要通道之(zhi)一，更是瀕危動植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)許多孑遺(yi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)避難所。保護(hu)區(qu)內生(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統(tong)組(zu)成成份復雜(za)，類型豐富，物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種相對(dui)豐度較高，珍稀和(he)(he)地(di)域性植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群落(luo)多，保存有重(zhong)要的(de)長(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉(shan)、福建柏、五列(lie)木、天目紫莖(jing)、舟柄(bing)茶、伯樂樹、蘭(lan)科植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等原生(sheng)(sheng)群落(luo)，以及分布廣(guang)、面積大(da)的(de)大(da)果馬蹄荷(he)、南(nan)(nan)嶺紫荊、秀柱花等南(nan)(nan)嶺山(shan)地(di)特有植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群落(luo)。

因(yin)此，齊(qi)云山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)既保(bao)(bao)留有(you)南(nan)亞熱(re)帶部分森林生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)的特征，同(tong)時(shi)又具(ju)有(you)十分典型(xing)的中亞熱(re)帶森林生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)的完整性(xing)，是兩個區(qu)域生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)的交匯(hui)和過渡帶。同(tong)時(shi)，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)還是中國(guo)中部候鳥南(nan)北遷徙的重(zhong)要通(tong)道之一(yi)。因(yin)此，齊(qi)云山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)對(dui)研(yan)究物種起(qi)源和進化、遺傳(chuan)規律(lv)、動植物分類、生(sheng)(sheng)物地理學具(ju)有(you)很高的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)價值和科研(yan)價值，也是開(kai)展科普宣傳(chuan)和教學實(shi)習(xi)的良好場(chang)所。