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歷史沿革

2003年2月19日，經內蒙古大興安嶺林業管理(li)局批準，建立畢拉河(he)盟市級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區。

2004年7月21日，畢(bi)拉河自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區被國(guo)家林業局批準為省部級的自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區。

2012年3月5日，被(bei)確定為自治區(qu)級自然保護區(qu)。

2014年12月5日(ri)，經國務院(yuan)辦公廳批準，晉升為國家(jia)級自然保(bao)護區。

地理環境

位置

內(nei)蒙(meng)古畢拉河(he)國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保護區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)內(nei)蒙(meng)古大興(xing)安嶺畢拉河(he)林(lin)業局達爾濱(bin)湖林(lin)場和扎文(wen)河(he)林(lin)場境內(nei)，行政區(qu)(qu)域(yu)隸(li)屬于(yu)內(nei)蒙(meng)古自(zi)治區(qu)(qu)呼倫(lun)貝爾市鄂倫(lun)春自(zi)治旗諾(nuo)敏(min)鎮，屬于(yu)大興(xing)安嶺北段東(dong)麓(lu)的(de)森(sen)林(lin)、灌叢向草原與農牧過度的(de)嫩江流(liu)域(yu)。

地質

內(nei)蒙古(gu)(gu)(gu)畢(bi)拉河(he)國家級自然保護區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于(yu)大(da)(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)麓，屬大(da)(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)坡嫩江(jiang)流域(yu)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)屬大(da)(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代復(fu)式背斜構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)，褶(zhe)皺軸向(xiang)多(duo)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)向(xiang)。跨越喜桂(gui)圖旗中(zhong)(zhong)華力西(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)槽褶(zhe)皺帶和(he)東(dong)(dong)烏珠穆沁旗早(zao)華力西(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)槽褶(zhe)皺帶兩個次(ci)級構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)單(dan)元(yuan)，頭道橋—鄂倫春(chun)深(shen)斷(duan)(duan)裂從(cong)其境內(nei)穿(chuan)過，受(shou)深(shen)斷(duan)(duan)裂影(ying)響區(qu)(qu)域(yu)內(nei)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)頻繁，出露地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)以中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代火山(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)及火山(shan)碎屑(xie)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)主，分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)廣；元(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)界、古(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)零星(xing)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)。中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代主要(yao)(yao)為(wei)侏羅系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)上統(tong)及白堊(e)系(xi)(xi)下(xia)統(tong)火山(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)及火山(shan)碎屑(xie)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，廣泛(fan)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)；元(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)界主要(yao)(yao)為(wei)興(xing)華渡口群，零星(xing)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)；古(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)主要(yao)(yao)是石炭系(xi)(xi)、泥盆(pen)系(xi)(xi)變(bian)質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)零星(xing)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)。區(qu)(qu)域(yu)上由于(yu)受(shou)頭道橋—鄂倫春(chun)深(shen)斷(duan)(duan)裂影(ying)響，從(cong)泥盆(pen)紀(ji)后經歷多(duo)次(ci)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)運動(dong)，特定的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)環境奠定本(ben)區(qu)(qu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)、火山(shan)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)、變(bian)質(zhi)作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)期(qi)(qi)性、長(chang)期(qi)(qi)性、復(fu)雜(za)性，與成(cheng)礦作用(yong)關系(xi)(xi)較密切。侵入巖(yan)(yan)(yan)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)存在華力西(xi)(xi)期(qi)(qi)、燕(yan)山(shan)期(qi)(qi)二(er)期(qi)(qi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)侵入旋回。本(ben)區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)復(fu)雜(za)，經歷三個大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)階段(duan)，即元(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)代硅(gui)鋁殼形成(cheng)階段(duan)；加里東(dong)(dong)—華力西(xi)(xi)期(qi)(qi)西(xi)(xi)伯利亞板(ban)(ban)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)南(nan)部大(da)(da)陸邊緣發展(zhan)階段(duan)；中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代板(ban)(ban)內(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)發展(zhan)階段(duan)。依(yi)據沉(chen)積建造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)、構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)變(bian)動(dong)等特征(zheng)可(ke)劃(hua)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)五(wu)個構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)，即元(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)代構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)晚元(yuan)古(gu)(gu)(gu)—早(zao)古(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)、晚古(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)、中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)及新生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)代構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)層(ceng)。早(zao)期(qi)(qi)以板(ban)(ban)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)“開”、“合(he)”為(wei)特征(zheng)，形成(cheng)不同類型的(de)(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)緣構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)；晚期(qi)(qi)受(shou)太平洋(yang)板(ban)(ban)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)對亞洲大(da)(da)陸的(de)(de)(de)擠壓和(he)俯(fu)沖(chong)作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，形成(cheng)一(yi)系(xi)(xi)列NE（北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)）—NNE（北(bei)(bei)(bei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)）向(xiang)為(wei)主導的(de)(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)內(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)，包括各(ge)種(zhong)斷(duan)(duan)裂構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)，火山(shan)噴(pen)發帶及巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)動(dong)帶，總體顯示“活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)化”特征(zheng)。測區(qu)(qu)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)演(yan)化總趨勢是：由板(ban)(ban)緣構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)向(xiang)板(ban)(ban)內(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)演(yan)變(bian)，板(ban)(ban)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)剛(gang)性不斷(duan)(duan)增強，板(ban)(ban)內(nei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)愈(yu)來愈(yu)復(fu)雜(za)多(duo)樣。形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石主要(yao)(yao)有花崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、玄武(wu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、花斑巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、碎屑(xie)灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、凝灰(hui)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)。

地貌

內蒙古畢拉河國家(jia)級自然保護區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)貌的(de)(de)構成主要(yao)是中(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)代末期、第(di)三紀早(zao)期具(ju)備雛形(xing)。中(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)代末期以前，大(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)為上(shang)升隆起的(de)(de)構造(zao)活動，中(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)代末期、第(di)三紀早(zao)期，構造(zao)活動比較(jiao)(jiao)平(ping)靜，大(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)山地(di)(di)(di)遭受剝蝕、夷平(ping)作用，這種狀況(kuang)一直延續到第(di)三紀晚期。第(di)四(si)紀時期，大(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)山地(di)(di)(di)又傾斜式大(da)面積隆起，地(di)(di)(di)殼(ke)緩(huan)慢上(shang)升，松(song)嫩平(ping)原間(jian)歇(xie)性下(xia)沉，由于(yu)兩者垂直運動幅(fu)度不大(da)，從西(xi)北(bei)蜿蜒伸(shen)入到旗內的(de)(de)數(shu)道大(da)興(xing)安嶺(ling)余脈，沒有深溝峽(xia)谷，峭壁陡(dou)崖，相對高(gao)(gao)差一般不超過500~600米，地(di)(di)(di)面坡度都小于(yu)40°。這是區(qu)(qu)內地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)貌的(de)(de)第(di)一特點。第(di)四(si)紀后，由于(yu)氣候條(tiao)件曾發生(sheng)(sheng)較(jiao)(jiao)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)變化，在地(di)(di)(di)殼(ke)的(de)(de)內、外力綜合作用下(xia)，低(di)山和丘(qiu)陵的(de)(de)頂部(bu)變得圓滑(hua)，形(xing)成較(jiao)(jiao)寬闊的(de)(de)河谷平(ping)原。這是保護區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)貌的(de)(de)第(di)二特點。保護區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)貌分(fen)為山地(di)(di)(di)、丘(qiu)陵、河谷、平(ping)原等類型。保護區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)高(gao)(gao)差變化較(jiao)(jiao)小，海拔高(gao)(gao)度在377~886米之間(jian)，地(di)(di)(di)勢北(bei)高(gao)(gao)南低(di)，由西(xi)北(bei)向東南緩(huan)慢傾斜。

氣候

內(nei)蒙古(gu)畢(bi)拉河(he)國家級(ji)自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)屬中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)帶濕(shi)潤、半濕(shi)潤大(da)陸性季風氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)。由于(yu)緯度偏(pian)高(gao)，遠離海洋(yang)，加之大(da)興安(an)嶺的(de)屏障作用(yong)，使濕(shi)潤的(de)海洋(yang)性氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)團的(de)影響減弱，境(jing)域大(da)部分時間在(zai)西(xi)伯利亞高(gao)壓的(de)控制(zhi)之下，形成(cheng)區(qu)(qu)域氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)特(te)點：春季多(duo)(duo)風，降(jiang)水稀(xi)少，氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)多(duo)(duo)變；夏季溫(wen)(wen)和，降(jiang)水集(ji)中(zhong)；秋季降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)劇烈，霜期早(zao)；冬季漫長嚴寒(han)。年(nian)平均溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)(wei)﹣1.1℃，極端最(zui)高(gao)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)35.4℃，極端最(zui)低氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-46.0℃。≥10℃的(de)年(nian)積溫(wen)(wen)2014.4℃。年(nian)平均降(jiang)水量為(wei)(wei)479.4毫米，降(jiang)水主(zhu)要集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)六、七(qi)、八(ba)月份，無(wu)霜期130天左右。主(zhu)要風向為(wei)(wei)西(xi)北風，年(nian)平均風速(su)為(wei)(wei)1.9米/秒。

水文

內(nei)蒙古畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)(he)國家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)內(nei)為(wei)地形(xing)起伏較(jiao)大的山地，受東南(nan)海洋性(xing)濕(shi)潤暖氣流(liu)影響，年均降水(shui)量479.4 mm，產(chan)匯流(liu)條件好(hao)，水(shui)蝕作用強(qiang)，河(he)(he)網(wang)較(jiao)發育(yu)，是嫩江上游(you)主(zhu)要產(chan)流(liu)區(qu)。保護(hu)區(qu)主(zhu)要河(he)(he)流(liu)有畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)(he)、扎(zha)文(wen)河(he)(he)、畢(bi)(bi)二溝(gou)河(he)(he)等，畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)(he)流(liu)經(jing)保護(hu)區(qu)23 km；扎(zha)文(wen)河(he)(he)流(liu)經(jing)本(ben)區(qu)11km，注入畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)(he)；畢(bi)(bi)二溝(gou)河(he)(he)發源于本(ben)區(qu)并流(liu)經(jing)35km，區(qu)內(nei)河(he)(he)流(liu)交錯(cuo)，水(shui)澈透明。流(liu)域內(nei)樹木繁茂，植被(bei)良好(hao)，水(shui)土流(liu)失輕微，河(he)(he)流(liu)含沙(sha)量甚小。

畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)位于大興(xing)安嶺(ling)北段東麓，屬(shu)諾敏(min)河(he)大支流(liu)，流(liu)經(jing)(jing)畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)林(lin)業局(ju)83km，流(liu)經(jing)(jing)保護區境內23km。畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)源頭位于大興(xing)安嶺(ling)森林(lin)腹(fu)地，畢(bi)(bi)拉河(he)流(liu)域擁(yong)有(you)嫩江(jiang)西岸大的高山(shan)湖(hu)泊(bo)——達爾濱湖(hu)、大興(xing)安嶺(ling)長(chang)的峽谷(gu)和(he)面積廣(guang)闊的火(huo)山(shan)熔巖群。河(he)流(liu)沿岸生態與環(huan)境良(liang)好(hao)，無任何工礦(kuang)企(qi)業，河(he)水清澈(che)、無污染、魚類(lei)種類(lei)繁(fan)多。

畢拉河(he)(he)上游(you)(you)(you)兩岸植(zhi)被茂盛，河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)緩，到中下(xia)游(you)(you)(you)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)進入大興安(an)嶺的(de)一條(tiao)大峽(xia)谷，峽(xia)谷長約數十千米，深(shen)30~50m，兩岸寬約100~150m，是火(huo)山(shan)噴發時沖擊(ji)出的(de)溝壑。畢拉河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)從峽(xia)谷穿梭而(er)下(xia)，峽(xia)谷兩岸植(zhi)被大多為針(zhen)葉(xie)、闊葉(xie)混交林(lin)；河(he)(he)床遍布火(huo)山(shan)熔(rong)巖。河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)清澈、水(shui)(shui)流湍(tuan)急，水(shui)(shui)深(shen)1~1.5m。河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)流動的(de)聲音，在(zai)數百米之外都可以(yi)聽(ting)得真真切(qie)(qie)切(qie)(qie)。畢拉河(he)(he)流域地質奇特(te)、植(zhi)被類型多樣、自然(ran)生態平(ping)衡，極具(ju)旅游(you)(you)(you)、科考、保護價值。

此外，保護(hu)區內的扎(zha)文河，流(liu)經該區域北部約11km，平(ping)均河寬(kuan)20m，平(ping)均水深1.5m，流(liu)速(su)0.4m/s。保護(hu)區內的畢二溝河，全長約35km，平(ping)均水深1~3m，平(ping)均流(liu)速(su)0.3~0.7m/s。

風力

畢拉河(he)自(zi)然保護區(qu)受大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)(ling)地形(xing)及森林植被的影響，在全市內屬弱風(feng)(feng)區(qu)。大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)(ling)山脈(mo)阻擋西(xi)(xi)(xi)北寒流南(nan)下，茂密的森林具有明顯的防風(feng)(feng)效應。年平均(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)速為(wei)1.9 m/s。月平均(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)速以春季(ji)最(zui)大(da)(da)，夏季(ji)最(zui)小，年最(zui)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)速在20~24 m/s（主(zhu)要出現在春季(ji)），年內各月盛行風(feng)(feng)自(zi)北向南(nan)依次為(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)北及北風(feng)(feng)，主(zhu)要風(feng)(feng)向為(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北風(feng)(feng)。

2006年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。3月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)2.6 m/s；11月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.6 m/s。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)的大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數11 d，其中(zhong)3~6月(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數8 d，8月(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數3 d。2007年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)2.7 m/s；12月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.4 m/s。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)的大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數4 d，其中(zhong)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數4 d。2008年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)2.1 m/s；12月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.5 m/s。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數2 d，6、7月(yue)(yue)(yue)各1 d。2009年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。3月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)2.2 m/s；12月(yue)(yue)(yue)，最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.4 m/s。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數3 d，其中(zhong)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數2 d，7、9月(yue)(yue)(yue)各1 d。2010年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.9 m/s。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)3.1 m/s；2月(yue)(yue)(yue)和7月(yue)(yue)(yue)，最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)(su)1.5 m/s。全(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)17 m/s以上(shang)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)(ri)(ri)數5 d，均(jun)(jun)在5月(yue)(yue)(yue)。

區域范圍

內蒙古畢拉河國家級(ji)自(zi)然保護區東與巴提克(ke)林(lin)場接(jie)壤，南與大二溝林(lin)場相鄰(lin)，西(xi)與北大河林(lin)場毗鄰(lin)，北與羊其(qi)河林(lin)場相接(jie)，地(di)理坐(zuo)標(biao)介(jie)于(yu)東經123°04′28.9″～123°29′16.1″，北緯49°19′39.5″～49°38′29.7″之間。保護區總(zong)面積(ji)為56604公(gong)頃(qing)，其(qi)中核心區面積(ji)23009公(gong)頃(qing)，緩沖(chong)區面積(ji)20289公(gong)頃(qing)，實驗區面積(ji)13306公(gong)頃(qing)。

保護目標

綜述

內蒙(meng)古畢拉河國家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區重點保護(hu)對象為森林沼澤、草本沼澤以及珍(zhen)稀(xi)瀕危野生動植物等(deng)。

植物

截至2012年，內(nei)蒙古畢拉河國家級(ji)自然保(bao)護區有(you)高等植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)703種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)565種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕨(jue)類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，苔蘚(xian)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)102種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；低等植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中大型真(zhen)菌124種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；地衣(yi)51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；藻類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)240種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國家II級(ji)重點保(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)鉆天柳(liu)、黃檗和野大豆；區級(ji)珍稀林(lin)木保(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

動物

截至2012年，內蒙古(gu)畢(bi)拉河(he)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區有(you)(you)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)322種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中獸類(lei)(lei)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)(lei)228種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，爬行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩(liang)棲類(lei)(lei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，魚類(lei)(lei)35種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，圓(yuan)口類(lei)(lei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；無脊椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)昆蟲335種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；環節動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，軟體動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)門10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；節肢動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)門（除昆蟲綱(gang)外）有(you)(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中國(guo)家(jia)(jia)I級(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)(jia)II級(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)主(zhu)要有(you)(you)野(ye)豬、狍子、赤狐、貉等。