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歷史沿革

高格(ge)斯臺罕烏(wu)拉自然保護區(qu)(qu)1997年(nian)經阿(a)旗人民政(zheng)府批準(zhun)成立；1999年(nian)，晉升(sheng)為(wei)市級(ji)保護區(qu)(qu)；2001年(nian)晉升(sheng)為(wei)自治區(qu)(qu)級(ji)保護區(qu)(qu)。2011年(nian)4月16日國(guo)務院辦公(gong)廳正式批準(zhun)保護區(qu)(qu)晉升(sheng)為(wei)國(guo)家級(ji)自然保護區(qu)(qu)。

區域范圍

高格斯(si)臺罕烏(wu)拉自然保護區(qu)位(wei)于內蒙古赤(chi)峰市阿魯科爾沁旗(qi)(qi)北部(bu)，地理坐標為東(dong)經119度03分(fen)至119度39分(fen)；北緯44度41分(fen)至45度08分(fen)，總面(mian)積106284公頃(qing)。保護區(qu)以阿魯科爾沁旗(qi)(qi)罕山林場為主體(ti)，北與(yu)本旗(qi)(qi)的(de)罕蘇(su)(su)木(mu)蘇(su)(su)木(mu)毗(pi)鄰(lin)；南與(yu)巴(ba)林左旗(qi)(qi)和(he)本旗(qi)(qi)的(de)罕蘇(su)(su)木(mu)蘇(su)(su)木(mu)接壤，東(dong)與(yu)內蒙古通遼市扎魯特旗(qi)(qi)相連，西鄰(lin)錫(xi)林郭勒盟的(de)西烏(wu)珠穆沁旗(qi)(qi)。

保護區(qu)地(di)處(chu)大興安(an)嶺南(nan)段山地(di)中部，是蒙(meng)古高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)東北(bei)平原(yuan)(yuan)、森(sen)林(lin)與(yu)草(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)、華北(bei)植物區(qu)系與(yu)東北(bei)植物區(qu)系過渡的(de)典型地(di)段，有(you)(you)森(sen)林(lin)、灌叢、草(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)、濕(shi)地(di)等多樣的(de)生態(tai)系統。森(sen)林(lin)茂密、草(cao)原(yuan)(yuan)廣袤、溪(xi)流縱橫、物種豐富(fu)。對阻擋蒙(meng)古高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)風沙(sha)向南(nan)侵襲具有(you)(you)重要(yao)的(de)生態(tai)屏(ping)障作(zuo)用。

保護目標

保護區的主要保護對象為(wei)：保護大興安(an)嶺(ling)南(nan)麓山地典型的過渡帶森林(lin)—草(cao)原(yuan)生(sheng)態系(xi)統的完整性；保護西遼河源頭的重要濕地生(sheng)態系(xi)統；保護棲息(xi)于該生(sheng)態系(xi)統中的野生(sheng)馬鹿(lu)（東北亞種）種群；保護國家(jia)重點保護鳥(niao)類大鴇、黑(hei)鸛(guan)及其它珍稀瀕危鳥(niao)類的繁殖地。

這里(li)不僅有多樣的生物資源和自然生態系統，還有第四紀冰(bing)川(chuan)(chuan)期遺(yi)留的豐富地(di)(di)質(zhi)景(jing)觀。步入高格斯臺，冰(bing)川(chuan)(chuan)切割形成的三(san)角面、冰(bing)坎地(di)(di)貌、心形山、冰(bing)川(chuan)(chuan)漂礫等地(di)(di)質(zhi)景(jing)觀隨處可見，是學(xue)習(xi)地(di)(di)質(zhi)知(zhi)識的天(tian)然教科(ke)書。

動植物資源

高格斯(si)臺特殊的(de)(de)自然地理條件得以(yi)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)了(le)眾多的(de)(de)生物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。初步科學考(kao)察證實，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)有(you)7個(ge)植被(bei)型、33個(ge)群系；有(you)苔(tai)鮮植物(wu)(wu)132種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、蕨(jue)類植物(wu)(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植物(wu)(wu)700種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。發現(xian)中(zhong)國苔(tai)蘚新(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、內蒙古新(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)國家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)植物(wu)(wu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、列(lie)入《珍稀瀕危野(ye)生動植物(wu)(wu)國際貿易公約(yue)》保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)植物(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)內蒙古珍稀瀕危保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)植物(wu)(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)野(ye)生大(da)型真菌(jun)160種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)脊椎動物(wu)(wu)241種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)魚類11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、兩(liang)棲類4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、爬行類7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鳥(niao)(niao)類182種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、獸類37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)大(da)鴇、大(da)天鵝、蓑(suo)(suo)羽鶴(he)、白枕鶴(he)、黑(hei)琴雞、雕鸮、烏雕、紅腳隼等國家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)(niao)類38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、有(you)馬鹿、猞(she)猁等國家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)獸類2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)1293種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)有(you)中(zhong)國昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)新(xin)記(ji)錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)境(jing)內發現(xian)半翅目昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，定(ding)名(ming)為巴(ba)氏(shi)直緣長蝽,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)是該種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)昆(kun)蟲(chong)(chong)模式標本采集地。高格斯(si)臺是鳥(niao)(niao)類重(zhong)要的(de)(de)繁殖(zhi)地和(he)野(ye)生馬鹿的(de)(de)家(jia)園。大(da)鴇、黑(hei)鸛、蓑(suo)(suo)羽鶴(he)、黑(hei)琴雞等珍稀瀕危鳥(niao)(niao)類均在此筑巢繁殖(zhi)；這(zhe)里保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)了(le)我國馬鹿（東北亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）十分重(zhong)要的(de)(de)野(ye)生種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群，無論春夏(xia)秋(qiu)冬，都隨處可見馬鹿活動的(de)(de)蹤影。

旅游資源

罕(han)山(shan)(shan)位于內蒙古自治區阿魯科爾沁旗巴彥溫都蘇(su)木北部，是屬于大興安(an)嶺(ling)的(de)支脈(mo)。由眾多高(gao)大的(de)山(shan)(shan)峰組成，其中高(gao)格斯臺(tai)罕(han)山(shan)(shan)海拔1531米(mi)，因(yin)山(shan)(shan)勢高(gao)大雄(xiong)偉，頂(ding)部平坦，植物低矮，故名高(gao)大平頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)。它與東南方的(de)巴岱山(shan)(shan)和西南方的(de)烏蘭山(shan)(shan)，構成了(le)綠樹(shu)如屏，繁花(hua)(hua)如云(yun)的(de)“美三(san)角(jiao)”。山(shan)(shan)上云(yun)霧繚繞(rao)，泉水叮咚(dong)可見，山(shan)(shan)下百花(hua)(hua)爭艷(yan)，四周群峰疊翠。這(zhe)里樹(shu)木成蔭，鳥(niao)語花(hua)(hua)香，更因(yin)盛產的(de)“罕(han)山(shan)(shan)四寶”--鹿群、蕨菜、黃花(hua)(hua)、木耳而聞名遐邇。

旅游(you)區內山(shan)路平緩，游(you)人可乘車一直到山(shan)頂，這里谷(gu)深峰高、氣候溫和(he)濕潤。春(chun)季柳舒花放(fang)、萬(wan)紫千(qian)紅。夏季草原碧綠(lv)、鳥語花香(xiang)、林海莽(mang)莽(mang)、綠(lv)樹如(ru)屏、高山(shan)流水、云霧繚繞。秋(qiu)季，金(jin)風送爽(shuang)、楓葉如(ru)火(huo)、天高云淡、奶酒飄(piao)香(xiang)。冬(dong)季，千(qian)里冰封(feng)、銀裝素裹、原野空曠、禽獸出沒。旅游(you)者還可以走進蒙古(gu)包，喝上(shang)飄(piao)香(xiang)的奶茶，吃上(shang)可口的手抓肉，盡情(qing)領略蒙古(gu)族民情(qing)。

生態價值

保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區對(dui)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)我國(guo)重要(yao)的(de)生(sheng)物(wu)資源(yuan)基因庫，同時(shi)對(dui)阻(zu)擋(dang)蒙古高原風沙向南侵襲具(ju)有(you)重要(yao)的(de)生(sheng)態屏(ping)障作用。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區主要(yao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)對(dui)象(xiang)的(de)典(dian)型性、稀有(you)性、瀕危(wei)性和代表性較強，在保(bao)(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)樣性資源(yuan)、維持生(sheng)態系統良性循環等方面具(ju)有(you)重要(yao)作用。