芒果视频下载

歷史沿革

1983年云南省(sheng)人民政(zheng)府(fu)批(pi)準(zhun)建立(li)白馬雪山省(sheng)級自然保(bao)護區(qu)，同(tong)時設立(li)保(bao)護區(qu)管理所(suo)。

1988年經國(guo)(guo)務院批(pi)準，將白馬雪山(shan)列為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護區，面積為(wei)190144公頃(qing)，成立白馬雪山(shan)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護區管(guan)理局(ju)。

2000年(nian)經國務(wu)院(yuan)批準，保護區進行了擴建。

2003年，經(jing)迪慶州委、州人民政(zheng)府批準，在州府所(suo)在地設立了云南白馬雪山國家級自然保護區管理(li)局。

2018年2月8日(ri)，國務(wu)院同意調整白馬雪山(shan)國家級自(zi)然(ran)保護區的(de)范圍(wei)，調整后(hou)保護區的(de)面積(ji)、范圍(wei)和功(gong)能分區等由(you)環(huan)境保護部予以公布。

地理環境

位置

云南(nan)白(bai)馬雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)國(guo)(guo)家級自然保護區(qu)（以下(xia)(xia)簡稱保護區(qu)）保護區(qu)地跨九個鄉(xiang)(xiang)（鎮(zhen)），即(ji)：德欽縣的升(sheng)平鎮(zhen)，奔子欄鄉(xiang)(xiang)、霞若鄉(xiang)(xiang)，維西(xi)縣的巴迪(di)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、葉枝鄉(xiang)(xiang)、康普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、白(bai)濟汛鄉(xiang)(xiang)、攀天閣鄉(xiang)(xiang)和(he)塔(ta)城鄉(xiang)(xiang)，地理坐標界于北(bei)緯27°24′-28°36′，東經98°57′-99°25′之間。西(xi)北(bei)起(qi)昂吾丫(ya)(ya)口(kou)，經赫馬埡卡、巴雜埡卡至(zhi)斯(si)木達江邊；東以金沙江為界下(xia)(xia)至(zhi)奔子欄，沿(yan)(yan)2838高地山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊上(shang)至(zhi)資蓋(gai)松亞，過(guo)(guo)格里(li)丫(ya)(ya)口(kou)，沿(yan)(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊至(zhi)曾家薄，過(guo)(guo)珠巴洛河(he)(he)(he)到(dao)霞若村(cun)公(gong)所，再(zai)沿(yan)(yan)布(bu)養坪后(hou)(hou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)至(zhi)4083高地、下(xia)(xia)落帕米沿(yan)(yan)國(guo)(guo)有(you)林(lin)(lin)(lin)界至(zhi)維西(xi)、德欽縣界，沿(yan)(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊下(xia)(xia)至(zhi)糯(nuo)擁3370高地。南(nan)沿(yan)(yan)許(xu)貢箐(qing)、汝(ru)河(he)(he)(he)后(hou)(hou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)班線至(zhi)習究臘普(pu)河(he)(he)(he)邊，沿(yan)(yan)河(he)(he)(he)至(zhi)使垮(kua)底上(shang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，過(guo)(guo)阿茶、日(ri)沙勒(le)、背母座(zuo)梁(liang)子至(zhi)收朵，再(zai)沿(yan)(yan)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)后(hou)(hou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)至(zhi)馬斯(si)達里(li)河(he)(he)(he)邊。北(bei)上(shang)仙人洞沿(yan)(yan)國(guo)(guo)有(you)林(lin)(lin)(lin)界過(guo)(guo)小羊(yang)場、老樓(lou)房、石門關、葉枝后(hou)(hou)箐(qing)、塞美堵、乍(zha)尼(ni)那(nei)、尼(ni)色(se)隴鼓至(zhi)4504高地丫(ya)(ya)口(kou)，再(zai)沿(yan)(yan)白(bai)馬雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊上(shang)至(zhi)昂吾丫(ya)(ya)口(kou)。

地貌

白(bai)馬雪山(shan)國家級(ji)(ji)自然保護(hu)區從(cong)白(bai)馬雪山(shan)的(de)整個山(shan)體來看，地(di)(di)貌(mao)類型(xing)或(huo)(huo)稱一級(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)貌(mao)形態比較(jiao)(jiao)單一， 是一組高大雄(xiong)偉的(de)高山(shan)和極(ji)高山(shan)。其二級(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)三級(ji)(ji)微(wei)地(di)(di)貌(mao)較(jiao)(jiao)為復雜，細分為山(shan)地(di)(di)、峽谷(gu)、寬谷(gu)或(huo)(huo)河谷(gu)、小平(ping)原、冰川凍土地(di)(di)貌(mao)及(ji)重(zhong)力風(feng)化地(di)(di)貌(mao)等類型(xing)。

水文

白馬雪山國家(jia)級自然保護區內的河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)數量眾多(duo)，除了金沙江干流(liu)(liu)(liu)外(wai)，還有(you)一、二(er)級支流(liu)(liu)(liu)50余條。這(zhe)些河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)除了珠(zhu)巴(ba)洛河(he)為較大一級支流(liu)(liu)(liu)外(wai)（長約(yue)114km），其(qi)它(ta)均(jun)短(duan)小，僅有(you)20km或(huo)更短(duan)。從流(liu)(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積(ji)來看(kan)，珠(zhu)巴(ba)洛河(he)大，流(liu)(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積(ji)為1835平方(fang)公里(li)，其(qi)它(ta)河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的流(liu)(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積(ji)均(jun)在300平方(fang)公里(li)以下。

氣候

白馬雪山國(guo)家級自然保護區(qu)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)盛行西偏南風(feng)，但冬夏氣流的(de)源地(di)截然不同，仍(reng)屬亞熱(re)帶季風(feng)氣候。保護區(qu)所在地(di)因(yin)處于低緯(wei)高原，氣溫(wen)年(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差小，一般為14－18℃，而近(jin)緯(wei)度中國(guo)東部地(di)區(qu)均在23℃以(yi)上。

土壤

保(bao)護區(qu)內土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)的垂直分帶很明顯(xian)，由低海拔到高(gao)海拔，有下列幾種土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)：燥(zao)紅土(tu)(tu)、褐色(se)土(tu)(tu)、山(shan)地棕壤(rang)(rang)，山(shan)地暗棕壤(rang)(rang)，山(shan)地棕色(se)針(zhen)葉(xie)林(lin)土(tu)(tu)，亞(ya)高(gao)山(shan)草甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)，高(gao)山(shan)寒漠土(tu)(tu)。另外局(ju)部地區(qu)有紫色(se)土(tu)(tu)和石灰土(tu)(tu)，在(zai)人類耕(geng)作活動區(qu)為水稻土(tu)(tu)等。

自然資源

植物資源

白馬雪(xue)山(shan)(shan)國(guo)家級自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)屬(shu)于寒溫(wen)性森林(lin)生(sheng)態系(xi)統類型(xing)，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)低緯(wei)度高(gao)(gao)海拔地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)資源保存(cun)比較(jiao)完整而原始的高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)針葉林(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。按中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)植(zhi)被區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)的分(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，屬(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)———東喜馬拉雅森林(lin)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)亞(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、橫斷山(shan)(shan)脈地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)， 是(shi)世界(jie)上高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)豐(feng)富的區(qu)(qu)(qu)域。 保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)已發現(xian)的種(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有142科，587屬(shu)，1747種(zhong)(zhong)（含(han)亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)、變型(xing)和變種(zhong)(zhong)）。其中(zhong)(zhong)：裸子植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)6科14屬(shu)29種(zhong)(zhong)，被子植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)136科573屬(shu)1718種(zhong)(zhong)。

保(bao)護(hu)區內有(you)國家重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)珍(zhen)稀植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中：一(yi)級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，三級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；有(you)省級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中：二級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，三級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

保護區植物區系(xi)的科(ke)、屬、種(zhong)(zhong)繁多(duo)，并幾乎包(bao)含了世(shi)界溫帶分布的所有(you)木本屬，如(ru)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)、云杉(shan)(shan)(shan)、松、槭(qi)、樺、櫟、杜(du)鵑等。其(qi)中冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)屬有(you)長苞(bao)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)、急尖長苞(bao)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)、蒼山(shan)(shan)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)、川滇冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)、云南黃果冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)和中甸冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)杉(shan)(shan)(shan)6個種(zhong)(zhong)（含變種(zhong)(zhong)）， 同時薈萃于(yu)一(yi)個保護區內，實為難得。杜(du)鵑花屬已知有(you)47種(zhong)(zhong)分布于(yu)保護區內，其(qi)中有(you)36種(zhong)(zhong)為橫斷山(shan)(shan)特有(you)成分，15種(zhong)(zhong)的模(mo)式(shi)產地在保護區及其(qi)附近。

保(bao)護區(qu)有(you)(you)(you)國家及省級保(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物30種(zhong)(zhong)，分屬(shu)于(yu)20科(ke)(ke)(ke)。其中(zhong)：蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1種(zhong)(zhong)， 裸(luo)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物3科(ke)(ke)(ke)6種(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物16科(ke)(ke)(ke)23種(zhong)(zhong)。 有(you)(you)(you)觀賞植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物81科(ke)(ke)(ke)223屬(shu)724種(zhong)(zhong)。其中(zhong)：蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物7科(ke)(ke)(ke)11屬(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)，裸(luo)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物5科(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)28種(zhong)(zhong)，種(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物69科(ke)(ke)(ke)154屬(shu)568種(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)藥用植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物110科(ke)(ke)(ke)242屬(shu)386種(zhong)(zhong)。其中(zhong)：菌(jun)類5科(ke)(ke)(ke)6屬(shu)7種(zhong)(zhong)，地(di)衣(yi)類2科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)，苔蘚植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物2科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)，蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物6科(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)8種(zhong)(zhong)，種(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物95科(ke)(ke)(ke)224屬(shu)367種(zhong)(zhong)。其它還有(you)(you)(you)油料植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物、淀粉(fen)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物、用材樹種(zhong)(zhong)、香料植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物、纖維植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物、鞣料植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物等與(yu)人(ren)類生活密切相關的各類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物資(zi)源(yuan)。

動物資源

根據中國動物地理區(qu)劃，保護區(qu)動物屬東洋界、西南(nan)區(qu)、三江縱谷(gu)亞區(qu)（橫斷山(shan)亞區(qu)）。

哺乳動物

保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區共錄(lu)得哺(bu)乳類9目23科(ke)70屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)100種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。占中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)哺(bu)乳類總種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)(de)16.8%，云南的(de)(de)33.3%。主要(yao)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類有滇金(jin)絲(si)猴、雪豹、金(jin)錢豹、云豹、熊(xiong)(xiong)猴、獼(mi)猴、穿山(shan)甲、黑(hei)熊(xiong)(xiong)、棕(zong)熊(xiong)(xiong)、小熊(xiong)(xiong)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、石貂、水獺(ta)、猞猁、高(gao)山(shan)麝(she)、林麝(she)、鬣羚、巖(yan)(yan)(yan)羊(yang)、長吻鼩(qu)(qu)鼴(yan)(yan)(yan)、白尾鼴(yan)(yan)(yan)、蹼(pu)足(zu)鼩(qu)(qu)中(zhong)(zhong)緬樹鼩(qu)(qu)等(deng)。在(zai)100種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)哺(bu)乳動物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)，本(ben)區及(ji)鄰近地(di)區的(de)(de)特(te)有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多達43種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占全區總種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)(de)43.0%。其中(zhong)(zhong)：橫斷(duan)山(shan)型特(te)有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，橫斷(duan)山(shan)——東(dong)喜馬拉雅山(shan)型特(te)有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，橫斷(duan)山(shan)—青(qing)藏高(gao)原型特(te)有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 本(ben)區尚擁(yong)有許多特(te)有屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和一些特(te)有科(ke)（或亞(ya)科(ke)）如：黑(hei)鼩(qu)(qu)鼱屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、缺齒鼩(qu)(qu)鼱屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、蹼(pu)足(zu)鼩(qu)(qu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、長吻鼩(qu)(qu)鼴(yan)(yan)(yan)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、針尾鼴(yan)(yan)(yan)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、白尾鼴(yan)(yan)(yan)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、仰鼻猴屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、小熊(xiong)(xiong)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、斑(ban)靈(ling)(ling)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、雪豹屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、毛冠(guan)鹿屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、巖(yan)(yan)(yan)羊(yang)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、 白喉巖(yan)(yan)(yan)松鼠(shu)(shu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、 復齒鼯(wu)鼠(shu)(shu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、林跳鼠(shu)(shu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)以及(ji)小熊(xiong)(xiong)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)科(ke)、鼴(yan)(yan)(yan)亞(ya)科(ke)、毛尾鼴(yan)(yan)(yan)亞(ya)科(ke)、林跳鼠(shu)(shu)亞(ya)科(ke)、蹶鼠(shu)(shu)亞(ya)科(ke)等(deng)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區有27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)珍稀保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)(wu)。其中(zhong)(zhong)：國(guo)家Ⅰ級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)(wu)有滇金(jin)絲(si)猴、雪豹、金(jin)錢豹、云豹等(deng)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)家Ⅱ級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)(wu)有獼(mi)猴、 穿山(shan)甲、黑(hei)熊(xiong)(xiong)、藏馬熊(xiong)(xiong)、豺(chai)、小熊(xiong)(xiong)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、石貂、水獺(ta)、斑(ban)靈(ling)(ling)貍、大靈(ling)(ling)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、小靈(ling)(ling)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、金(jin)貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)、猞猁、高(gao)山(shan)麝(she)、林麝(she)、黑(hei)麝(she)、鬣羚、斑(ban)羚、矮巖(yan)(yan)(yan)羊(yang)、巖(yan)(yan)(yan)羊(yang)等(deng)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；云南省Ⅱ級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)(wu)有狼、毛冠(guan)鹿等(deng)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)； 另有豹貓(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)雖沒(mei)有列入我國(guo)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)(wu)名(ming)單，但(dan)為瀕危野生(sheng)動植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿(mao)易公約（CITES）規(gui)定的(de)(de)Ⅱ類限量貿(mao)易保(bao)護(hu)(hu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

鳥類

保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)迄今為止共記錄(lu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)246種(zhong)(zhong)，隸(li)屬(shu)(shu)17目43科另4亞科，種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)約(yue)占云南(nan)(nan)(nan)省記錄(lu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的(de)(de)30.7%。其(qi)(qi)中：留鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)170種(zhong)(zhong)占69.1%，旅鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)和(he)冬候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)27種(zhong)(zhong)占11.0%，夏候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)和(he)繁(fan)殖(zhi)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)49種(zhong)(zhong)占19.9%。所錄(lu)的(de)(de)246種(zhong)(zhong)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)中，在(zai)(zai)該地(di)區(qu)繁(fan)殖(zhi)的(de)(de)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)（含留鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)、夏候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)和(he)繁(fan)殖(zhi)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)）219種(zhong)(zhong)，按(an)其(qi)(qi)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)分布(bu)和(he)區(qu)系歸屬(shu)(shu)，大致(zhi)可劃分為4種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型：繁(fan)殖(zhi)區(qu)域主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)東洋(yang)界(jie)的(de)(de)東洋(yang)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)64種(zhong)(zhong)，占保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)留鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)和(he)夏候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)29.2%；繁(fan)殖(zhi)區(qu)域主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)古北界(jie)的(de)(de)古北種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)33種(zhong)(zhong)，占15.1%； 繁(fan)殖(zhi)區(qu)域廣(guang)布(bu)于東洋(yang)界(jie)和(he)古北界(jie)的(de)(de)廣(guang)布(bu)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)59種(zhong)(zhong)，占26.9%； 分布(bu)區(qu)域主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)在(zai)(zai)四川西部(bu)、西藏昌都地(di)區(qu)東部(bu)、青海(hai)、甘(gan)肅南(nan)(nan)(nan)緣，南(nan)(nan)(nan)抵云南(nan)(nan)(nan)西北部(bu)的(de)(de)橫斷山(shan)區(qu)的(de)(de)西南(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)地(di)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)63種(zhong)(zhong)，占28.8%。根(gen)據(ju)國務院(yuan)1988年(nian)11月頒(ban)布(bu)的(de)(de)《中華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)國野(ye)生動物(wu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)法》和(he)1989年(nian)1月公布(bu)的(de)(de)《國家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)生動物(wu)名(ming)錄(lu)》所列的(de)(de)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)，在(zai)(zai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)所記錄(lu)的(de)(de)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)中，屬(shu)(shu)國家(jia) I 級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)有(you)：黑鸛、黑頸(jing)鶴、金雕(diao)、胡(hu)兀鷲(jiu)(jiu)、擬兀鷲(jiu)(jiu)、斑尾(wei)榛雞(ji)、四川雉(zhi)(zhi)鶉、黑頸(jing)長尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)等8種(zhong)(zhong)； 屬(shu)(shu)國家(jia)II級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)有(you)黑鳶、蒼鷹(ying)、松(song)雀鷹(ying)、雀鷹(ying)、高(gao)山(shan)鷹(ying)雕(diao)、普通鵟、禿鷲(jiu)(jiu)、高(gao)山(shan)禿鷲(jiu)(jiu)、游(you)隼、燕(yan)隼、灰(hui)(hui)背隼、紅(hong)隼、淡腹(fu)雪雞(ji)、血(xue)雉(zhi)(zhi)、紅(hong)腹(fu)角雉(zhi)(zhi)、白馬雞(ji)、勺雞(ji)、白腹(fu)錦雞(ji)、灰(hui)(hui)鶴、楔尾(wei)綠鳩、大緋(fei)胸鸚鵡、灰(hui)(hui)林鸮、雕(diao)鸮、白腹(fu)黑啄木鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)等24種(zhong)(zhong)。 ?

昆蟲

根(gen)據所采到的標(biao)本經鑒定已知有(you)13目，80科(ke)，447種(zhong)(zhong)。它(ta)們的區(qu)系組成(cheng)極(ji)其復雜，主要(yao)由東洋(yang)種(zhong)(zhong)、古北(bei)種(zhong)(zhong)、廣布種(zhong)(zhong)、高山(shan)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)和地區(qu)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)組成(cheng)。 保護區(qu)主要(yao)的珍稀(xi)高山(shan)昆(kun)蟲有(you)： 蝙(bian)蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)科(ke)的德(de)欽蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)、白馬(ma)蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)、人支蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)、草地蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)、白紋蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)、金沙蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)、葉(xie)日蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)、中(zhong)支蝠(fu)(fu)(fu)蛾(e)以及絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)科(ke)的愛珂絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)、巴裔(yi)絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)、珍珠絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)、元首絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)、君(jun)主絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)、黑(hei)緣(yuan)小絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)、白馬(ma)小絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)、四川絹(juan)(juan)(juan)蝶(die)等。

保護對象

白馬雪(xue)山國(guo)(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)主要保(bao)護(hu)(hu)對象為(wei)高山針葉林、山地植被(bei)垂直帶自(zi)(zi)然景觀和(he)滇金絲猴。滇金絲猴是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特有的一級珍稀瀕(bin)危(wei)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物(wu)，與大(da)熊貓一樣(yang)被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)“國(guo)(guo)寶”。云南省迪慶藏(zang)族自(zi)(zi)治州的白馬雪(xue)山自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)現有面積大(da)的滇金絲猴國(guo)(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)。隨著生態(tai)環(huan)境不斷(duan)改善、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)工作有效推進(jin)，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)內(nei)的滇金絲猴數量不斷(duan)增多，從2000年的1000只(zhi)(zhi)上升到1500只(zhi)(zhi)左右(you)，約占世界種群(qun)數量的70%。

價值地位

白(bai)(bai)馬(ma)雪山(shan)國(guo)家(jia)級自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區地處橫(heng)斷山(shan)脈中段，巍峨的云嶺(ling)自北(bei)(bei)向南(nan)縱貫全(quan)區，5000米(mi)(mi)以上(shang)的山(shan)峰(feng)有(you)20座(zuo)，主(zhu)峰(feng)白(bai)(bai)馬(ma)雪山(shan)海拔5430米(mi)(mi)，相對(dui)高差超(chao)過3000米(mi)(mi)。區內(nei)(nei)植(zhi)被(bei)垂直分布明顯，在水平距離不足40公里內(nei)(nei)，有(you)7-16個植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)分布帶(dai)譜，相當于中國(guo)從(cong)南(nan)到北(bei)(bei)幾千公里的植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)分布帶(dai)，蔚為奇觀。白(bai)(bai)馬(ma)雪山(shan)國(guo)家(jia)級自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區的國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)星葉草、瀾滄黃杉(shan)等十(shi)多種，國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)動物(wu)(wu)有(you)滇金絲猴、云豹、小熊貓等30多種，有(you)“寒溫帶(dai)高山(shan)動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)王國(guo)”之稱，具很高的科學(xue)價(jia)值。