五(wu)里(li)(li)坡(po)自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)位于(yu)渝東(dong)(dong)門戶、三峽腹心、長江中(zhong)上(shang)游(you)結(jie)(jie)合點(dian)(dian)、東(dong)(dong)西部(bu)(bu)結(jie)(jie)合部(bu)(bu)，華(hua)中(zhong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)三大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)脈——大(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)、巫山(shan)(shan)、七(qi)曜山(shan)(shan)（又名齊岳山(shan)(shan)）交匯處(chu)，系三峽水庫重點(dian)(dian)淹(yan)沒(mei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)之一。五(wu)里(li)(li)坡(po)自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)位于(yu)巫山(shan)(shan)縣東(dong)(dong)北部(bu)(bu)，東(dong)(dong)北部(bu)(bu)與湖北神(shen)奇(qi)(qi)的(de)神(shen)農架林區(qu)(qu)(qu)交界，恰(qia)在大(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)弧與川東(dong)(dong)褶皺的(de)結(jie)(jie)合部(bu)(bu)，大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)為(wei)低(di)山(shan)(shan)和(he)中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)，海(hai)拔(ba)多(duo)(duo)在1000至2000米(mi)之間，中(zhong)心地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)距巫山(shan)(shan)縣城120公里(li)(li)。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)最(zui)低(di)點(dian)(dian)腳(jiao)步典(dian)系海(hai)拔(ba)170米(mi)，已(yi)被庫水淹(yan)沒(mei)；最(zui)高(gao)(gao)點(dian)(dian)系當陽(yang)鄉太平(ping)山(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔(ba)2680米(mi)，也是巫山(shan)(shan)縣最(zui)高(gao)(gao)點(dian)(dian)。保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)為(wei)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)中(zhong)深切割中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)，海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)差2510米(mi)，山(shan)(shan)脈多(duo)(duo)呈東(dong)(dong)西走向，形(xing)成(cheng)平(ping)行(xing)嶺(ling)谷，立體地(di)(di)(di)貌景觀獨(du)具特色(se)，一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)總(zong)體表現為(wei)強烈切割，崇山(shan)(shan)峻嶺(ling)連綿起伏(fu)(fu)，懸崖峽谷隨處(chu)可見；另一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)有明顯的(de)成(cheng)層性。地(di)(di)(di)貌主要呈四種基本類型(xing)。山(shan)(shan)原，在山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)分布大(da)(da)面(mian)積起伏(fu)(fu)和(he)緩的(de)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，蔥坪等地(di)(di)(di)具有神(shen)奇(qi)(qi)美麗的(de)旅游(you)景點(dian)(dian)；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，相對高(gao)(gao)度(du)大(da)(da)于(yu)200米(mi)的(de)起伏(fu)(fu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)，根據(ju)海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)度(du)又分為(wei)2000米(mi)以下低(di)山(shan)(shan)；丘陵，相對高(gao)(gao)度(du)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)200米(mi)的(de)起伏(fu)(fu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)，巫山(shan)(shan)丘陵面(mian)積相對較小(xiao)(xiao)，大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)分布在槽狀谷地(di)(di)(di)、寬(kuan)闊河灘周邊，175米(mi)以下地(di)(di)(di)帶已(yi)被庫水淹(yan)沒(mei)；臺地(di)(di)(di)，周邊被溝(gou)谷切割，邊沿(yan)呈陡崖和(he)臺階狀，頂(ding)面(mian)起伏(fu)(fu)緩和(he)的(de)高(gao)(gao)地(di)(di)(di)，如市(shi)級森林公園梨子(zi)坪和(he)騾坪等地(di)(di)(di)。
五里坡(po)自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)三(san)峽腹心、弛(chi)名(ming)中外的(de)神女峰背后長江左岸，與國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)奇(qi)特的(de)自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)神農架接壤，和(he)神女之鄉(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)森林(lin)公(gong)園、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)風(feng)景名(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)、中國(guo)(guo)(guo)AAAA級(ji)旅(lv)游區(qu)(qu)———小三(san)峽“聯姻”，美(mei)譽“孿(luan)生(sheng)(sheng)姊妹”，系(xi)神奇(qi)的(de)天然綠色(se)寶庫。 保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)內許多(duo)地方處于(yu)原始和(he)次(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)狀態，是(shi)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)“王國(guo)(guo)(guo)”。通過(guo)森林(lin)資源二(er)(er)類調查(cha)，野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)190科796屬1900多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)護的(de)一、二(er)(er)級(ji)珍稀植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)珙桐、光(guang)葉珙桐、銀杏、水(shui)杉和(he)樟樹、厚樸、紅豆樹、水(shui)青樹、巴山榧、香果(guo)樹、天麻、杜(du)仲(zhong)達30余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。從2006年(nian)開始，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)林(lin)科院組(zu)織專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)對五里坡(po)林(lin)場進行了(le)多(duo)輪考察。2011年(nian)10月，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)組(zu)對五里坡(po)林(lin)場進行了(le)正式評審。經過(guo)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)組(zu)多(duo)次(ci)細致的(de)考察，在(zai)總面(mian)積(ji)35276.6 hm2的(de)五里坡(po)林(lin)場發現陸生(sheng)(sheng)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)一級(ji)重點保(bao)護野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)二(er)(er)級(ji)重點保(bao)護野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分(fen)布有(you)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)主要分(fen)布于(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中僅分(fen)布于(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)有(you)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，主要分(fen)布于(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)有(you)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列入中國(guo)(guo)(guo)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色(se)名(ming)錄瀕危等(deng)級(ji)評估(gu)標(biao)準近危種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以上等(deng)級(ji)的(de)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占陸生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總數的(de)18.72%，如金絲(si)猴、豹(bao)、云豹(bao)、金雕、林(lin)麝(she)和(he)獼猴、黑熊、斑羚、大(da)(da)靈(ling)貓、水(shui)獺、鴛鴦(yang)、蒼鷹等(deng)。保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)有(you)3萬畝原始森林(lin)人類從未涉足，還在(zai)五里坡(po)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)林(lin)場四面(mian)環山的(de)大(da)(da)蔥(cong)坪發現高山罕見的(de)濕地，在(zai)蔥(cong)翠(cui)的(de)苔草(cao)、蒿草(cao)、狐(hu)草(cao)的(de)濕地大(da)(da)坪中央(yang)嵌鑲一個約2000平方米的(de)“袖珍翠(cui)湖(hu)”，野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)活躍，令人驚奇(qi)。
巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)是我國華中地區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性非(fei)常豐富的熱(re)點地區(qu)(qu)之一，動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)近2000種(zhong)，反映巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)五里坡自然保護區(qu)(qu)森林生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統的自然景觀、動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系、植(zhi)被類(lei)型、珍(zhen)(zhen)稀(xi)動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)分(fen)布(bu)和種(zhong)群現狀(zhuang)等方(fang)面內容，該森林生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統在(zai)自然環境中的存(cun)在(zai)價值及保護具有極其重要的意義，珍(zhen)(zhen)稀(xi)瀕(bin)危動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)更需要保護。
五(wu)里坡林(lin)場由市(shi)級(ji)自然保護區晉(jin)升為國(guo)家級(ji)自然保護區，使之成(cheng)為重(zhong)慶重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)生態資源庫、三峽庫區重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)生態屏障和全國(guo)優(you)質水資源戰略儲(chu)備庫。預計到2018年，五(wu)里坡有望(wang)在(zai)實驗區域建(jian)原始自然旅游(you)景觀并對外開放。
長期以(yi)來(lai)，巫(wu)山縣政府和(he)(he)林業部門及各(ge)鄉鎮，對五里坡自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的森林資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)動植物資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)得很好。建立國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)后，將依法(fa)更加強化保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，對旅游資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)進行(xing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)性科(ke)學開(kai)發和(he)(he)合理(li)利用，為保(bao)護(hu)(hu)三峽庫區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境再立新(xin)功。自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明建設的重要(yao)載體。建立自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)是(shi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境、自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的有效措施，是(shi)加快轉變(bian)經濟(ji)發展(zhan)方式、實現(xian)可(ke)持續發展(zhan)的積極(ji)手段。國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)主要(yao)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)對象的典型性、稀有性、瀕危性、代表性較(jiao)強，在保(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)、維護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)服務功能(neng)等方面具(ju)有重要(yao)作用。
巧笑倩兮 
