五里(li)坡(po)自(zi)然保護區(qu)位于渝東(dong)(dong)門戶、三(san)峽(xia)腹心、長江中(zhong)(zhong)上游結(jie)(jie)合點、東(dong)(dong)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)結(jie)(jie)合部(bu)(bu)，華中(zhong)(zhong)區(qu)三(san)大(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈——大(da)(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、七曜(yao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（又名齊岳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)）交(jiao)匯(hui)處，系(xi)(xi)三(san)峽(xia)水庫(ku)重點淹(yan)沒區(qu)之(zhi)一。五里(li)坡(po)自(zi)然保護區(qu)位于巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)與(yu)湖(hu)北(bei)神奇(qi)的(de)(de)神農架林區(qu)交(jiao)界(jie)，恰在(zai)大(da)(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)弧與(yu)川東(dong)(dong)褶(zhe)皺的(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)合部(bu)(bu)，大(da)(da)(da)多(duo)為低山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)，海(hai)拔多(duo)在(zai)1000至2000米(mi)之(zhi)間，中(zhong)(zhong)心地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)距巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)城(cheng)120公里(li)。保護區(qu)最(zui)低點腳步(bu)典系(xi)(xi)海(hai)拔170米(mi)，已被(bei)庫(ku)水淹(yan)沒；最(zui)高點系(xi)(xi)當陽(yang)鄉太(tai)平山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔2680米(mi)，也(ye)是巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)最(zui)高點。保護區(qu)為典型的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)深切(qie)割(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)，海(hai)拔高差(cha)2510米(mi)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈多(duo)呈(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)西(xi)走向，形(xing)成平行嶺谷(gu)，立體地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌景觀(guan)獨具特色，一方面(mian)(mian)總體表(biao)現(xian)為強烈切(qie)割(ge)，崇(chong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峻嶺連綿起伏(fu)，懸崖峽(xia)谷(gu)隨處可(ke)見；另(ling)一方面(mian)(mian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)有明顯(xian)的(de)(de)成層(ceng)性。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌主要呈(cheng)(cheng)四種基本類型。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原，在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)布大(da)(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)起伏(fu)和(he)緩的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，蔥坪等地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)具有神奇(qi)美麗的(de)(de)旅游景點；山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，相(xiang)對(dui)高度(du)大(da)(da)(da)于200米(mi)的(de)(de)起伏(fu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)，根據海(hai)拔高度(du)又分(fen)(fen)為2000米(mi)以下(xia)低山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)；丘(qiu)陵(ling)，相(xiang)對(dui)高度(du)小于200米(mi)的(de)(de)起伏(fu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)，巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵(ling)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)相(xiang)對(dui)較小，大(da)(da)(da)多(duo)分(fen)(fen)布在(zai)槽狀谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、寬(kuan)闊河灘周邊(bian)，175米(mi)以下(xia)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶已被(bei)庫(ku)水淹(yan)沒；臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，周邊(bian)被(bei)溝(gou)谷(gu)切(qie)割(ge)，邊(bian)沿(yan)呈(cheng)(cheng)陡崖和(he)臺階狀，頂面(mian)(mian)起伏(fu)緩和(he)的(de)(de)高地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，如(ru)市級森林公園(yuan)梨子坪和(he)騾(luo)坪等地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。
五里(li)坡(po)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)位(wei)于三峽腹心、弛(chi)名(ming)(ming)中(zhong)(zhong)外的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)女峰背后長江(jiang)左岸，與國家(jia)級(ji)奇(qi)特的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)神(shen)農架接壤，和神(shen)女之鄉國家(jia)級(ji)森林(lin)公(gong)園、國家(jia)級(ji)風景名(ming)(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)(qu)、中(zhong)(zhong)國AAAA級(ji)旅游區(qu)(qu)(qu)———小(xiao)三峽“聯姻”，美譽“孿(luan)生(sheng)(sheng)姊妹”，系神(shen)奇(qi)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然綠色寶庫。 保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內許多地(di)(di)方處于原始(shi)和次生(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)狀態，是野生(sheng)(sheng)動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)“王國”。通過森林(lin)資源(yuan)二類調查(cha)，野生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)190科796屬1900多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國家(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)、二級(ji)珍稀植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)珙桐(tong)、光葉珙桐(tong)、銀杏(xing)、水杉和樟樹(shu)、厚樸、紅豆樹(shu)、水青(qing)樹(shu)、巴山榧(fei)、香(xiang)果樹(shu)、天(tian)麻、杜仲達(da)30余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。從(cong)2006年開始(shi)，國家(jia)林(lin)科院組(zu)(zu)織專家(jia)對(dui)五里(li)坡(po)林(lin)場(chang)進行了多輪考(kao)察。2011年10月，國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)專家(jia)組(zu)(zu)對(dui)五里(li)坡(po)林(lin)場(chang)進行了正式(shi)評(ping)審。經過專家(jia)組(zu)(zu)多次細致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)考(kao)察，在(zai)總面積35276.6 hm2的(de)(de)(de)五里(li)坡(po)林(lin)場(chang)發(fa)現陸(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)野生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國家(jia)二級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分布(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)國特有(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或主要分布(bu)(bu)于中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)野生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)僅分布(bu)(bu)于中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，主要分布(bu)(bu)于中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列入中(zhong)(zhong)國物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色名(ming)(ming)錄瀕危等級(ji)評(ping)估標準(zhun)近危種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以上等級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占陸(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)18.72%，如(ru)金(jin)(jin)絲猴(hou)、豹、云豹、金(jin)(jin)雕、林(lin)麝和獼猴(hou)、黑熊、斑羚(ling)、大(da)靈貓、水獺、鴛鴦、蒼鷹等。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)3萬畝原始(shi)森林(lin)人類從(cong)未(wei)涉足，還在(zai)五里(li)坡(po)國有(you)(you)(you)林(lin)場(chang)四面環山的(de)(de)(de)大(da)蔥坪發(fa)現高(gao)山罕(han)見的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)，在(zai)蔥翠的(de)(de)(de)苔草(cao)、蒿草(cao)、狐草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)大(da)坪中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)嵌鑲一(yi)個約2000平方米的(de)(de)(de)“袖珍翠湖(hu)”，野生(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活躍，令人驚奇(qi)。
巫(wu)山(shan)是(shi)我國(guo)華中(zhong)地(di)區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣性非(fei)常豐富(fu)的熱(re)點地(di)區(qu)(qu)之一(yi)，動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)近(jin)2000種(zhong)，反映巫(wu)山(shan)五里坡自(zi)然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統的自(zi)然(ran)景觀、動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)、植(zhi)被(bei)類型、珍(zhen)稀動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)分布和種(zhong)群現狀(zhuang)等(deng)方面內容，該森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統在自(zi)然(ran)環(huan)境中(zhong)的存在價值及保護具有(you)極其重(zhong)要(yao)的意義，珍(zhen)稀瀕危動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)更需要(yao)保護。
五里坡林場由市級自然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)晉升為國家級自然(ran)(ran)(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)，使之成為重(zhong)慶重(zhong)要的生態資(zi)(zi)源庫、三峽庫區(qu)重(zhong)要的生態屏障(zhang)和(he)全國優質水資(zi)(zi)源戰略儲備庫。預計到2018年，五里坡有(you)望在(zai)實驗區(qu)域建原始自然(ran)(ran)(ran)旅(lv)游景(jing)觀并對(dui)外開放。
長期以來，巫山縣(xian)政府和林業部門及各鄉鎮，對(dui)五里坡自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)的森林資源和動植物(wu)資源保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護得很好(hao)。建立(li)(li)國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)后，將依(yi)法(fa)更加強化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護，對(dui)旅游(you)資源進行保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護性科(ke)學開發(fa)和合理利用(yong)，為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護三峽庫區(qu)生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)再立(li)(li)新(xin)功。自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)是(shi)生態文(wen)明建設的重要載(zai)體(ti)。建立(li)(li)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)、自(zi)然(ran)(ran)資源的有(you)效措(cuo)施，是(shi)加快轉變經(jing)濟發(fa)展方(fang)式、實現(xian)可(ke)持續發(fa)展的積極手(shou)段。國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)主要保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護對(dui)象的典型性、稀有(you)性、瀕危性、代表性較強，在保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護生物(wu)多樣性和生物(wu)資源、維護生態系(xi)統服(fu)務功能等方(fang)面具有(you)重要作用(yong)。
巧笑倩兮 
