五(wu)里坡自然保護區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)渝東(dong)門戶、三(san)峽(xia)(xia)腹心(xin)、長江中(zhong)(zhong)上游結合點(dian)(dian)、東(dong)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)結合部(bu)(bu)，華中(zhong)(zhong)區(qu)(qu)三(san)大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)——大(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)(shan)、巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)、七(qi)曜山(shan)(shan)(shan)（又(you)名齊岳(yue)山(shan)(shan)(shan)）交匯處，系三(san)峽(xia)(xia)水(shui)庫(ku)重點(dian)(dian)淹沒(mei)區(qu)(qu)之一。五(wu)里坡自然保護區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣東(dong)北部(bu)(bu)，東(dong)北部(bu)(bu)與湖北神(shen)奇(qi)的(de)神(shen)農(nong)架林(lin)區(qu)(qu)交界，恰在大(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)(shan)弧與川東(dong)褶皺(zhou)的(de)結合部(bu)(bu)，大(da)(da)多為低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形，海(hai)拔(ba)多在1000至2000米(mi)之間(jian)，中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)距巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣城120公(gong)里。保護區(qu)(qu)最低(di)點(dian)(dian)腳步典(dian)(dian)系海(hai)拔(ba)170米(mi)，已被(bei)庫(ku)水(shui)淹沒(mei)；最高(gao)(gao)點(dian)(dian)系當陽鄉太平山(shan)(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔(ba)2680米(mi)，也是巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣最高(gao)(gao)點(dian)(dian)。保護區(qu)(qu)為典(dian)(dian)型的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)深切(qie)割(ge)(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形，海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)差2510米(mi)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)多呈東(dong)西(xi)走向(xiang)，形成(cheng)平行(xing)嶺(ling)谷(gu)，立體地(di)(di)(di)貌景觀(guan)獨具特色，一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)總(zong)體表現為強烈切(qie)割(ge)(ge)，崇山(shan)(shan)(shan)峻嶺(ling)連綿(mian)起(qi)伏(fu)，懸崖(ya)(ya)峽(xia)(xia)谷(gu)隨處可見；另一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)地(di)(di)(di)形有(you)(you)明顯的(de)成(cheng)層性。地(di)(di)(di)貌主要呈四種基本類型。山(shan)(shan)(shan)原，在山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)布大(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積起(qi)伏(fu)和(he)緩的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，蔥坪等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)具有(you)(you)神(shen)奇(qi)美麗(li)的(de)旅游景點(dian)(dian)；山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，相(xiang)對(dui)高(gao)(gao)度(du)大(da)(da)于(yu)200米(mi)的(de)起(qi)伏(fu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，根據(ju)海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)度(du)又(you)分(fen)為2000米(mi)以下低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)；丘(qiu)陵(ling)，相(xiang)對(dui)高(gao)(gao)度(du)小于(yu)200米(mi)的(de)起(qi)伏(fu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵(ling)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積相(xiang)對(dui)較小，大(da)(da)多分(fen)布在槽狀谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)、寬闊河灘周邊(bian)，175米(mi)以下地(di)(di)(di)帶已被(bei)庫(ku)水(shui)淹沒(mei)；臺(tai)地(di)(di)(di)，周邊(bian)被(bei)溝谷(gu)切(qie)割(ge)(ge)，邊(bian)沿(yan)呈陡崖(ya)(ya)和(he)臺(tai)階(jie)狀，頂(ding)面(mian)(mian)(mian)起(qi)伏(fu)緩和(he)的(de)高(gao)(gao)地(di)(di)(di)，如市級森林(lin)公(gong)園梨子坪和(he)騾坪等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)。
五里坡自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)(yu)三峽腹(fu)心(xin)、弛名(ming)中(zhong)(zhong)外的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)女峰背后長江左岸，與國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)奇(qi)特的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)神(shen)農架接壤(rang)，和神(shen)女之鄉國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)森(sen)林(lin)公園、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)風景名(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)AAAA級(ji)旅游(you)區(qu)(qu)———小三峽“聯姻(yin)”，美譽(yu)“孿生(sheng)(sheng)姊妹”，系(xi)神(shen)奇(qi)的(de)(de)(de)天然(ran)綠色(se)寶庫。 保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內許多(duo)(duo)地方處于(yu)(yu)原始和次(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)狀態，是野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)“王國(guo)(guo)(guo)”。通過(guo)森(sen)林(lin)資(zi)源二(er)類調查(cha)，野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)190科796屬1900多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)、二(er)級(ji)珍稀植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)珙(gong)桐(tong)、光葉珙(gong)桐(tong)、銀杏(xing)、水杉和樟樹、厚樸、紅豆樹、水青(qing)樹、巴山(shan)榧、香果樹、天麻、杜(du)仲達30余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。從(cong)2006年(nian)開始，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)林(lin)科院(yuan)組織專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)對五里坡林(lin)場(chang)進行了多(duo)(duo)輪(lun)考察。2011年(nian)10月，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)組對五里坡林(lin)場(chang)進行了正式(shi)評審。經過(guo)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)組多(duo)(duo)次(ci)細(xi)致的(de)(de)(de)考察，在總面積35276.6 hm2的(de)(de)(de)五里坡林(lin)場(chang)發(fa)現(xian)陸生(sheng)(sheng)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)級(ji)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)級(ji)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分布(bu)有(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特有(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或主要(yao)(yao)分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)僅分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，主要(yao)(yao)分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列入中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅色(se)名(ming)錄瀕危等級(ji)評估(gu)標(biao)準近危種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以上等級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)陸生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總數的(de)(de)(de)18.72%，如(ru)金絲猴、豹、云豹、金雕(diao)、林(lin)麝(she)和獼(mi)猴、黑熊、斑羚、大(da)靈貓、水獺(ta)、鴛鴦、蒼鷹等。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)3萬(wan)畝(mu)原始森(sen)林(lin)人(ren)類從(cong)未涉足，還(huan)在五里坡國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)林(lin)場(chang)四面環(huan)山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)蔥坪發(fa)現(xian)高山(shan)罕見的(de)(de)(de)濕地，在蔥翠(cui)(cui)的(de)(de)(de)苔草(cao)、蒿(hao)草(cao)、狐草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)濕地大(da)坪中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)嵌鑲一(yi)個約(yue)2000平(ping)方米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)“袖珍翠(cui)(cui)湖”，野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活躍，令人(ren)驚(jing)奇(qi)。
巫(wu)山是我國華中地(di)區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性非常豐富的熱(re)點地(di)區(qu)(qu)之一，動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)近2000種(zhong)(zhong)，反映巫(wu)山五(wu)里坡自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)森(sen)林生(sheng)態系統(tong)的自然景觀、動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系、植(zhi)被類(lei)型、珍(zhen)稀(xi)動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)分布(bu)和種(zhong)(zhong)群現(xian)狀等方(fang)面內容(rong)，該森(sen)林生(sheng)態系統(tong)在(zai)自然環境中的存在(zai)價(jia)值及保護(hu)具有極其重要的意(yi)義，珍(zhen)稀(xi)瀕危動植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)更需要保護(hu)。
五(wu)(wu)里坡林場由市級(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保護區(qu)晉(jin)升(sheng)為國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保護區(qu)，使之成為重慶重要(yao)的生態(tai)資源庫(ku)、三(san)峽庫(ku)區(qu)重要(yao)的生態(tai)屏(ping)障(zhang)和全國(guo)優質水資源戰略儲備庫(ku)。預(yu)計到2018年，五(wu)(wu)里坡有(you)望在(zai)實驗區(qu)域建(jian)原始(shi)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)旅游景觀并對外開(kai)放。
長期以來，巫山(shan)縣政府和林(lin)業部門(men)及各鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)，對(dui)五里坡自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)的(de)(de)森林(lin)資源和動植物(wu)資源保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)得(de)很好。建(jian)立(li)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)后，將依(yi)法更加強(qiang)化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，對(dui)旅游(you)資源進行保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)性(xing)(xing)科學開發和合(he)理(li)利用(yong)，為保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)三峽庫區(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)再立(li)新(xin)功(gong)。自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)是生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)設的(de)(de)重要載體。建(jian)立(li)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)是保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)、自然資源的(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)措施，是加快轉變(bian)經濟發展方(fang)式(shi)、實現可持續發展的(de)(de)積極手段。國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)主要保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)對(dui)象的(de)(de)典型(xing)性(xing)(xing)、稀有(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)、瀕危性(xing)(xing)、代(dai)表(biao)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)強(qiang)，在保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多樣性(xing)(xing)和生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)資源、維護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統服(fu)務功(gong)能等方(fang)面具(ju)有(you)(you)重要作(zuo)用(yong)。
巧笑倩兮 
