簡介
該湖濱公(gong)園采用傳(chuan)統造園手法,堆山砌石,建有(you)各(ge)式(shi)亭閣,輔(fu)有(you)寬敞(chang)的草坪,種植各(ge)種花草樹(shu)木(mu),使其四周綠(lv)樹(shu)成蔭(yin),小溪流水,鳥(niao)語花香。
該園現已建成4個功能區(qu)(qu),即(ji)游樂園區(qu)(qu)、老年活(huo)動區(qu)(qu)、動物園區(qu)(qu)、管理區(qu)(qu)。園內(nei)有“激流勇進(jin)”;占地5000平方米的(de)獅虎山以及(ji)占地1120平方米憩(qi)園。
改造工程的規劃設計
水系統(tong)現(xian)狀及問題(ti)
盤(pan)錦市(shi)(shi)是(shi)中(zhong)國濕(shi)地之(zhi)都,位(wei)于(yu)渤海北部(bu),遼(liao)(liao)寧省(sheng)西南部(bu),遼(liao)(liao)河三角洲中(zhong)心(xin)地帶。但是(shi)按照(zhao)以往(wang)傳(chuan)統建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)理念(nian),盤(pan)錦市(shi)(shi)開發強度不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合理等(deng)(deng)諸(zhu)多因素,導(dao)(dao)(dao)致了很多“城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)病”的(de)(de)產生。主(zhu)要表現(xian)在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量(liang)嚴重不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu),人(ren)均(jun)占有水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量(liang)(不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)含入境水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang))262 立(li)方(fang)米,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)我國人(ren)均(jun)占有量(liang)的(de)(de)1 /8,是(shi)全國50多個(ge)嚴重缺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)之(zhi)一;地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)開采(cai)接近(jin)極限(xian),近(jin)二(er)十幾年(nian)來(lai)的(de)(de)大(da)量(liang)開采(cai),地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)呈區域性持(chi)續下降。每(mei)年(nian)下降1 m ~ 5.5 m,已形(xing)成(cheng)多個(ge)地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)開采(cai)漏斗; 再生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利用不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)再生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利用率(lv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)14% ;另外,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環境方(fang)面(mian)主(zhu)要是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)問(wen)題,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區大(da)部(bu)分為截流(liu)式合流(liu)制,雨(yu)季徑流(liu)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)對河流(liu)濕(shi)地水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質造成(cheng)較大(da)沖擊(ji)。由(you)于(yu)按照(zhao)傳(chuan)統建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)理念(nian)進行開發,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)土地的(de)(de)利用及(ji)變化加劇了地表溢流(liu)污(wu)(wu)染(ran),導(dao)(dao)(dao)致城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質惡化。現(xian)有排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)采(cai)用“快收快排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)”,雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通過(guo)地面(mian)徑流(liu)就近(jin)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)往(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)政管道,后由(you)泵(beng)站(zhan)抽排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)至河流(liu),大(da)面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)透水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)地面(mian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)致雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)匯流(liu)時間(jian)短,匯流(liu)量(liang)大(da),綠化基本沒有滯留調蓄(xu)能(neng)力,導(dao)(dao)(dao)致下游排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓(ya)力大(da)。一方(fang)面(mian),盤(pan)錦市(shi)(shi)整體(ti)(ti)地勢較低,常年(nian)受(shou)內澇和外洪(hong)的(de)(de)威脅(xie),迫切需要通過(guo)海綿城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設提高防洪(hong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)澇能(neng)力。另一方(fang)面(mian),盤(pan)錦市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)部(bu)分河流(liu)、濕(shi)地、湖泊等(deng)(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)均(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同程度的(de)(de)遭受(shou)污(wu)(wu)染(ran),迫切需要通過(guo)海綿城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設改善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環境;提升城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)形(xing)象,促進生態文(wen)明建(jian)設。
兩大海綿體系統
為了解決如(ru)何通過海(hai)綿(mian)(mian)(mian)城市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)措施及(ji)合理(li)布局(ju),實(shi)現(xian)道(dao)路和綠地(di)的(de)(de)(de)滲水、蓄水、凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)功能;對園區的(de)(de)(de)水系進(jin)行合理(li)的(de)(de)(de)布局(ju)與(yu)處(chu)理(li),最終實(shi)現(xian)蓄水功能; 將現(xian)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)魚塘(tang)打造(zao)(zao)為濕地(di),實(shi)現(xian)對水體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)滯留(liu)、凈(jing)化(hua)(hua); 通過技術(shu)手段實(shi)現(xian)對湖泊的(de)(de)(de)雨洪調蓄功能。針(zhen)對以(yi)上問題(ti),作(zuo)出了海(hai)綿(mian)(mian)(mian)體(ti)解決的(de)(de)(de)兩大策略,即(ji)通過對“自然海(hai)綿(mian)(mian)(mian)體(ti)”與(yu)“人(ren)造(zao)(zao)海(hai)綿(mian)(mian)(mian)體(ti)”相結合的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)綿(mian)(mian)(mian)景觀處(chu)理(li)方式(shi)使(shi)水體(ti)有較強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)調蓄功能并且使(shi)水資源得(de)到彈性(xing)化(hua)(hua)利用。