任(ren)得敬(?-1170) 西夏(xia)大臣(chen)。原為宋朝(chao)西安州(zhou)(今(jin)寧夏(xia)海原縣西北西安州(zhou))通判。宋紹興七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1137年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),夏(xia)出兵(bing)侵占北宋西安州(zhou),敬獻其女于西夏(xia)崇(chong)宗李乾(qian)順(shun)(shun)。出降(jiang)為靜州(zhou)(今(jin)寧夏(xia)永寧縣東北)防御使。及其女于1138年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被立為皇后,升都統(tong)軍(jun)(jun)。西夏(xia)仁(ren)宗(名李仁(ren)孝(xiao),崇(chong)宗李乾(qian)順(shun)(shun)的曹賢妃(fei)所生)即位,他率(lv)軍(jun)(jun)平蕭(xiao)合達(da)叛亂,因功封西平公大慶四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1143年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),復率(lv)軍(jun)(jun)鎮壓各部起義軍(jun)(jun)。天盛年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1149年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))后,以(yi)外戚任(ren)尚書令、中書令。八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),進為國相,逐步獲取(qu)西夏(xia)軍(jun)(jun)政大權。乾(qian)祐(you)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1170年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),迫仁(ren)宗分夏(xia)國疆(jiang)土之半歸(gui)其統(tong)治,是年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)八月(yue),為仁(ren)宗計殺(sha)。
1139年,夏崇宗皇帝駕崩,其子(zi)李仁孝繼(ji)位。雖然任氏并不是仁孝的生母,但仍然被封太(tai)后。
1140年,夏(xia)州統軍蕭合達(da)造反。任(ren)得敬為了(le)邀功請賞,圖(tu)乘機立功,主(zhu)動請求擔任(ren)討(tao)伐判軍的任(ren)務(wu),收復夏(xia)州,剿滅(mie)了(le)蕭合達(da)叛亂。任(ren)得敬因其(qi)軍功顯著,被皇帝冊封為西平公,任(ren)翔慶軍都統軍。
1143年(nian),任(ren)得(de)敬(jing)率軍鎮(zhen)壓威州、定州等地的農民起義。
1147年,企圖(tu)參(can)與國(guo)政,上奏(zou)請(qing)求入(ru)朝覲見,被斡道沖等朝中大(da)臣阻止。
1149年,以外戚(qi)任尚書(shu)令、中(zhong)書(shu)令。八(ba)年,進為國相,逐步獲取西夏軍政大權。
1170年,迫(po)(po)仁(ren)(ren)宗(zong)(zong)分夏國(guo)(guo)疆土之半(ban)歸(gui)其統治,夏仁(ren)(ren)宗(zong)(zong)被迫(po)(po)答允,分西南路及西平府、靈州(zhou)羅龐嶺(今甘肅武威境)等地歸(gui)楚國(guo)(guo)。任得(de)敬(jing)(jing)又(you)迫(po)(po)使仁(ren)(ren)宗(zong)(zong)上(shang)表金(jin)(jin)朝(chao),要求對(dui)楚國(guo)(guo)予(yu)以承認(ren),被金(jin)(jin)世宗(zong)(zong)拒絕。任得(de)敬(jing)(jing)結怨于金(jin)(jin),轉(zhuan)通南宋,約夾攻金(jin)(jin)朝(chao)。后陰謀敗露,夏仁(ren)(ren)宗(zong)(zong)得(de)金(jin)(jin)世宗(zong)(zong)支持,是年八月,捕殺(sha)任氏兄弟,任得(de)敬(jing)(jing)分國(guo)(guo)失敗。
任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)原為(wei)北宋降臣,以(yi)(yi)獻女給夏(xia)崇宗(zong)(zong)而(er)被擢為(wei)靜州(zhou)防御使。后因平(ping)定蕭(xiao)合達叛亂和鎮(zhen)壓訛起事,封(feng)西(xi)(xi)平(ping)公。天(tian)(tian)盛(sheng)二年(nian)(nian)(1150年(nian)(nian)),任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)國(guo)相,弟(di)(di)任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聰為(wei)殿(dian)前太尉(wei),任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恭為(wei)興慶府尹(yin),任(ren)(ren)(ren)氏兄弟(di)(di)遂擅夏(xia)政。隨(sui)后,任(ren)(ren)(ren)氏勢力不(bu)斷(duan)膨脹。任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)進封(feng)為(wei)楚(chu)王,出入儀從與皇帝相仿。天(tian)(tian)盛(sheng)十七年(nian)(nian)(1165年(nian)(nian)),任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)于(yu)西(xi)(xi)平(ping)府(今(jin)寧夏(xia)靈武)興建宮殿(dian),企圖將西(xi)(xi)平(ping)府、夏(xia)州(zhou)作為(wei)其領地(di)。乾元年(nian)(nian)(1170年(nian)(nian)),任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)脅迫仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)分國(guo)土之半歸其統治。夏(xia)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)被迫答允(yun),分西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)路(lu)及西(xi)(xi)平(ping)府、靈州(zhou)羅龐嶺(今(jin)甘肅武威境)等(deng)地(di)歸楚(chu)國(guo)。任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)又迫使仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)上表(biao)金(jin)國(guo),要求對楚(chu)國(guo)予(yu)以(yi)(yi)承認,被金(jin)世宗(zong)(zong)拒絕(jue)。任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)結怨于(yu)金(jin),轉(zhuan)通南(nan)(nan)宋,約夾攻金(jin)。后陰謀(mou)敗露(lu),夏(xia)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)朝支持(chi),捕殺任(ren)(ren)(ren)氏兄弟(di)(di)。任(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)分國(guo)失(shi)敗。