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形態特征

小(xiao)(xiao)喬(qiao)木，高(gao)2-3m。枝多葉(xie)密，針刺(ci)極少。葉(xie)互(hu)生(sheng)，常橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，先端漸尖(jian)，基部(bu)楔形(xing)(xing)，葉(xie)緣鋸齒不明(ming)顯，葉(xie)翼小(xiao)(xiao)而不明(ming)顯。花(hua)(hua)小(xiao)(xiao)白色(se)，萼片黃綠色(se)，花(hua)(hua)瓣5。果(guo)實扁圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)或(huo)饅頭形(xing)(xing)，縱(zong)徑(jing)4.5-6cm，橫徑(jing)6.5-7cm，基部(bu)平或(huo)隆起，上有(you)淺(qian)放射溝4-8條，頂部(bu)微凹；果(guo)皮(pi)易剝離，質松脆，白內(nei)層棉絮狀，有(you)香氣；瓤囊11-12瓣；中心柱(zhu)空虛，味酸甜；種子20余粒，卵圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，淡黃褐色(se)。果(guo)熟(shu)期12月中旬(xun)。

原(yuan)產于我國南方的兩廣、閩浙(zhe)一(yi)帶，在北方均做盆栽。

種植技術

要求土(tu)壤(rang)土(tu)層(ceng)深厚(hou)（60㎝）、肥沃；土(tu)壤(rang)ph值在(zai)(zai)5.5-7.0；果(guo)園(yuan)地(di)勢(shi)坡度(du)(du)(du)低于25度(du)(du)(du)。園(yuan)地(di)規(gui)劃時(shi)，應有必要的(de)道路、排灌、蓄水(shui)和附屬建(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)施。在(zai)(zai)具體規(gui)劃時(shi)，盡可能做到集中成片，在(zai)(zai)交通(tong)、水(shui)源(yuan)條件好的(de)地(di)方建(jian)園(yuan)。1、時(shi)間。一般在(zai)(zai)9-11月秋梢老熟后(hou)或2-3月春梢萌芽前栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)。2、密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)。采用(yong)株距(ju)3m×行(xing)距(ju)4m的(de)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)進行(xing)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)，畝植(zhi)55-60株。3、栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)技(ji)術。土(tu)挖栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)穴(xue)：拉(la)線定距(ju)，挖定植(zhi)穴(xue)，穴(xue)深、寬各80cm，然后(hou)壓綠肥50cm深，回填土(tu)40cm高栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)；田起(qi)壟栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)：8米帶溝（溝寬60-80㎝,深40-60cm）開(kai)廂(xiang)(xiang),每廂(xiang)(xiang)起(qi)2壟（壟寬1.5m，壟中心距(ju)4m，壟高20-30cm）。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)時(shi)將(jiang)苗(miao)木的(de)根系(xi)適(shi)度(du)(du)(du)修(xiu)剪(jian)后(hou)放入定植(zhi)穴(xue)中央，舒展根系(xi)，扶正，邊填土(tu)邊輕輕向上提苗(miao)、踏實，使(shi)根系(xi)與(yu)土(tu)壤(rang)密(mi)接。澆足定根水(shui)，在(zai)(zai)樹(shu)苗(miao)周圍做1m的(de)樹(shu)盤，用(yong)糠殼(ke)覆蓋。

土壤管理

應搞好(hao)深翻擴(kuo)穴(xue)、熟化土壤，禁(jin)止在園內種植玉米、小麥等(deng)高(gao)桿植物，搞好(hao)果園合(he)理間(jian)作(zuo)和中耕(geng)除草等(deng)工作(zuo)。

肥水管理

（1）施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)：應充(chong)分滿足血(xue)橙對各(ge)(ge)種營養元素(su)的(de)需(xu)要(yao)，提倡多施(shi)(shi)(shi)有機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、合理施(shi)(shi)(shi)用無(wu)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)配(pei)方(fang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料。并根據葉片分析結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園土壤分析結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、血(xue)橙物候期等指導施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。（2）施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法：以土壤施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，配(pei)合葉面施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。采用環(huan)狀溝施(shi)(shi)(shi)、條(tiao)溝施(shi)(shi)(shi)、穴施(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)土面撒肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等方(fang)法。（3）幼樹(shu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)：勤施(shi)(shi)(shi)薄施(shi)(shi)(shi)，以氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，配(pei)合施(shi)(shi)(shi)用磷(lin)、鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，春、夏(xia)、秋(qiu)梢抽發期施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)5-6次，（3、5、6、7、9、12月，每(mei)次每(mei)株施(shi)(shi)(shi)碳(tan)銨(an)0.4斤(jin)(jin)或尿素(su)0.2斤(jin)(jin)。1-3年(nian)幼樹(shu)單株年(nian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)純氮100-400g，氮、磷(lin)、鉀(jia)比例以1.0：（0.4-0.5）：1.0為(wei)宜。成年(nian)樹(shu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)好四次肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)即萌芽肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、保果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、壯(zhuang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、采果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量一(yi)(yi)般(ban)萌芽肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2-3斤(jin)(jin)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，一(yi)(yi)擔糞(fen)水；保果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)1-2斤(jin)(jin)磷(lin)鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)+1斤(jin)(jin)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)；壯(zhuang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)1-2斤(jin)(jin)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)+1-2斤(jin)(jin)磷(lin)鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)；采果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)）以有機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，株施(shi)(shi)(shi)50-100斤(jin)(jin)有機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)+1-2斤(jin)(jin)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。（4）水分：土壤干旱時(shi)(shi)灌水，積水時(shi)(shi)排水。整形(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)1、原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)。因地制宜，因樹(shu)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)，促(cu)抑得當(dang)，通風透光，立體結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。2、整形(xing)（自然(ran)開(kai)心(xin)形(xing)）。干高20-40cm，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（3-4個枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)）在(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干上(shang)分布錯(cuo)落有致(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)桿分枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角30°-50°，各(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)留(liu)副(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2-3個。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)在(zai)第(di)三主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)成后，即將(jiang)類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)干剪(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)扭向一(yi)(yi)邊作結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。3、修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)。（1）幼樹(shu)：輕剪(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。選(xuan)定類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)的(de)延長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)各(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、副(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)延長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，對其進(jin)行中(zhong)度甚至重度短截(jie)，并以短截(jie)程度和(he)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)口芽方(fang)向調節各(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)間生長的(de)平衡(heng)。除(chu)對過密枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)群作適當(dang)疏刪(shan)外，內(nei)膛(tang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)樹(shu)冠中(zhong)下部(bu)較(jiao)弱的(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢一(yi)(yi)般(ban)應保留(liu)。（2）初結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期：繼續選(xuan)擇短截(jie)處理各(ge)(ge)級(ji)骨干延長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，抹(mo)除(chu)夏(xia)梢，促(cu)發健壯(zhuang)秋(qiu)梢。秋(qiu)季(ji)對旺(wang)長樹(shu)采用環(huan)割、斷根、控水等促(cu)花措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。（3）盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期：及(ji)時(shi)(shi)回縮結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，落花結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組和(he)衰退枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組、剪(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)擋光枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病蟲枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

炭疽病

加強栽培管理(li)，防止偏施氮(dan)肥；春、夏梢抽發期和果實成熟前，可(ke)選用代(dai)森(sen)錳鋅、松枝酸銅、代(dai)森(sen)鋅、百菌(jun)清等噴(pen)布樹冠，15天(tian)左右噴(pen)一次，連續3-4次。

腳腐病

及時(shi)排水，改(gai)善園(yuan)內透光通風(feng)條件，加強對天(tian)牛和其他樹干害蟲的防治；選用(yong)枳(zhi)、枳(zhi)橙(cheng)、香橙(cheng)等抗病砧(zhen)木，對已(yi)感(gan)病植株，可用(yong)抗病砧(zhen)木接換砧(zhen)。藥(yao)劑防止：刮(gua)除(chu)病斑后涂藥(yao)，常用(yong)藥(yao)劑有(you)多菌(jun)靈、甲基托布津等。

螨類

（柑(gan)桔紅(hong)(hong)蜘蛛、四斑黃蜘蛛銹(xiu)(xiu)壁虱）。開花前(qian)后(hou)（3-5月(yue)）和(he)(he)秋(qiu)季（9-11月(yue)）是防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)蜘蛛的(de)重點時期(qi)：花前(qian)蟲口密度(du)達(da)(da)1-2頭(tou)/葉，花后(hou)和(he)(he)秋(qiu)季達(da)(da)5-6頭(tou)/葉即需進行防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。春梢(shao)抽發期(qi)、幼果期(qi)和(he)(he)果實膨(peng)大期(qi)為銹(xiu)(xiu)虱防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)主要(yao)時期(qi)：當年生春梢(shao)葉背初(chu)現鐵銹(xiu)(xiu)色；葉或果上蟲口密度(du)達(da)(da)每葉2-3頭(tou)時即時防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。常用藥劑有噻(sai)螨(man)酮、達(da)(da)螨(man)靈(ling)、炔螨(man)特(te)、溴螨(man)酯、雙甲(jia)瞇等，注意保護(hu)長須螨(man)、鈍螨(man)、食螨(man)瓢(piao)蟲、日本方頭(tou)甲(jia)和(he)(he)草蛉等天敵(di)。

蚧類

（矢尖蚧、紅(hong)蠟蚧、吹棉(mian)蚧等）。藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)防(fang)治重點(dian)時期(qi)：矢尖蚧為第一代若蟲(chong)(chong)期(qi)，紅(hong)蠟蚧為幼蟲(chong)(chong)期(qi)大(da)量(liang)上(shang)梢為害時期(qi)（一般為5月上(shang)、中(zhong)旬(xun)至6月中(zhong)旬(xun)），吹棉(mian)蚧為幼蟲(chong)(chong)盛(sheng)發階段(duan)。常用藥(yao)(yao)劑陰(yin)噻(sai)嗪酮、殺(sha)撲磷、苦參堿(jian)+煙(yan)堿(jian)、樂斯本、機油乳劑等。注意改善園內通風(feng)透光(guang)條(tiao)件(jian)；保護和利用日本方頭甲、紅(hong)點(dian)唇瓢蟲(chong)(chong)、草蛉、黃金蚜小蜂、澳洲瓢蟲(chong)(chong)、大(da)紅(hong)瓢蟲(chong)(chong)等天(tian)敵。

蚜蟲

新(xin)梢被害率達25%，應即時(shi)噴藥(yao)防(fang)治。常用藥(yao)劑有叮蟲脒、樂果、丁硫克威(wei)等。應注意保護七(qi)星瓢蟲、大(da)草蛉、食蚜(ya)蠅、蚜(ya)小蜂(feng)等，剪除(chu)越冬(dong)蟲卵，減少害蟲基數。

潛葉蛾

防治的(de)重點(dian)時(shi)期為夏(xia)、秋梢抽(chou)發期（7月(yue)上中旬）。及(ji)時(shi)抹(mo)除零星抽(chou)發的(de)夏(xia)秋梢，結合(he)肥(fei)水(shui)管理，促使植株抽(chou)發的(de)新梢健(jian)壯整(zheng)齊。藥劑防治：新梢抽(chou)發至1-2cm時(shi)噴藥，7-10天噴一次，連續2-3次。常用藥劑有阿維菌素(su)、殺(sha)螟丹、氯(lv)氟氰菊(ju)酯(zhi)等。

天牛類

5-8月，晴天(tian)(tian)中(zhong)午人工(gong)捕(bu)殺(sha)(sha)星天(tian)(tian)牛(niu)和綠桔天(tian)(tian)牛(niu)成蟲(chong)(chong)，傍(bang)晚捕(bu)殺(sha)(sha)褐(he)天(tian)(tian)牛(niu)成蟲(chong)(chong)；及時(shi)削除蟲(chong)(chong)卵、初孵幼蟲(chong)(chong)和剪除被害枝梢；用(yong)棉(mian)花或棉(mian)紗浸濕樂(le)果等殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)劑(ji)原藥后堵塞蟲(chong)(chong)孔，再(zai)將蟲(chong)(chong)孔用(yong)泥土封閉，以毒(du)殺(sha)(sha)幼蟲(chong)(chong)。

花蕾蛆

現(xian)(xian)蕾(lei)(lei)(lei)時選(xuan)用(yong)甲敵粉、二嗪農顆粒等加(jia)細土混勻后撒施于樹(shu)盤土面，每7天一次，連(lian)續(xu)2-3次；當花蕾(lei)(lei)(lei)直徑為2-3mm時（現(xian)(xian)白時）選(xuan)用(yong)硫(liu)磷(lin)、敵百蟲(chong)等噴樹(shu)冠；盡(jin)早(zao)摘除受害(hai)花蕾(lei)(lei)(lei)，集中(zhong)深埋或煮沸；冬季深翻(fan)園(yuan)土，可(ke)消滅部分越冬害(hai)蟲(chong)蛹。

根據柑桔(jie)果(guo)實成熟度、用(yong)途(tu)、市(shi)場需(xu)要等確定采(cai)收(shou)期。雨天(tian)及果(guo)面露(lu)水未干時(shi)不宜采(cai)果(guo)。采(cai)果(guo)者(zhe)應戴手套(tao)，用(yong)圓頭果(guo)剪將果(guo)實連同(tong)果(guo)柄一起(qi)剪下(xia)，再(zai)剪平(ping)果(guo)蒂，輕(qing)(qing)拿輕(qing)(qing)放。按(an)從(cong)外到內(nei)，從(cong)上到下(xia)的(de)順序(xu)采(cai)摘果(guo)實。要求所有盛果(guo)的(de)容器內(nei)壁光滑(hua)，采(cai)下(xia)的(de)果(guo)實應及時(shi)運往(wang)包裝場或儲藏庫。避免日曬雨淋(lin)。

金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)，又名(ming)金(jin)(jin)(jin)柑，為蕓香科(ke)金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)屬常綠灌木，金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)夏初開花(hua)，秋(qiu)末果(guo)(guo)熟(shu)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)一(yi)(yi)般三年(nian)左右(you)換(huan)(huan)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)盆(pen)(pen)，盆(pen)(pen)栽(zai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)換(huan)(huan)盆(pen)(pen)應該在(zai)開花(hua)以前(qian)，先將(jiang)植(zhi)株(zhu)從盆(pen)(pen)中磕去(qu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)剪刀將(jiang)外層(ceng)過密的(de)(de)根(gen)剪掉。新盆(pen)(pen)的(de)(de)大(da)小要(yao)視植(zhi)株(zhu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)情況而定，如生(sheng)長(chang)好的(de)(de)應選擇大(da)盆(pen)(pen)，盆(pen)(pen)底也需用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)碎盆(pen)(pen)片做好排水(shui)層(ceng)，墊(dian)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)后(hou)(hou)放(fang)(fang)入幾片馬蹄(ti)片，再墊(dian)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)將(jiang)植(zhi)株(zhu)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)上，培養(yang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)要(yao)求富含腐(fu)殖質、疏松肥沃和排水(shui)良好的(de)(de)中性土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤，邊填土(tu)(tu)(tu)邊壓實(shi)(shi)，最后(hou)(hou)澆(jiao)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)透水(shui)，放(fang)(fang)置于遮蔭處。 金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)換(huan)(huan)盆(pen)(pen)時最好給(gei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)施(shi)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)腐(fu)熟(shu)有機肥。入夏，應為金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)施(shi)二三次(ci)(ci)稀薄液(ye)肥。花(hua)謝(xie)后(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)隔半月(yue)施(shi)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)薄肥，果(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)形成后(hou)(hou)要(yao)施(shi)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)復(fu)合肥，并添加磷、硼肥，以促使(shi)果(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)發育充實(shi)(shi)。給(gei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)施(shi)肥，最好使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)液(ye)肥，春季出(chu)室后(hou)(hou)到現蕾前(qian)（四月(yue)中旬至(zhi)六月(yue)初）可每(mei)(mei)七(qi)天施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)液(ye)肥，開花(hua)期則暫停(ting)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，坐果(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)到果(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)生(sheng)長(chang)期（七(qi)月(yue)初到九月(yue)底）每(mei)(mei)十(shi)天施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)液(ye)肥。給(gei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)橘(ju)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)由芝麻醬渣和馬蹄(ti)片混合后(hou)(hou)加水(shui)浸水(shui)發酸后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)液(ye)水(shui)，效果(guo)(guo)最好，可使(shi)植(zhi)株(zhu)生(sheng)長(chang)旺盛，果(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)多、大(da)，色澤鮮亮(liang)。