廣(guang)東(dong)(dong)從化陳(chen)禾洞(dong)省(sheng)級自(zi)然保護區是在2007年(nian)1月經省(sheng)政(zheng)府批(pi)準同意(yi)建立的(de)省(sheng)級自(zi)然保護區,是目前廣(guang)州地(di)區第一(yi)個(ge)省(sheng)級自(zi)然保護區。保護區位于廣(guang)東(dong)(dong)從化市呂(lv)田鎮境內,廣(guang)州市東(dong)(dong)北面,距廣(guang)州100km,地(di)理坐(zuo)標23°43’02’’ ~23°48’10’’N,113°49’30’’~114°01’50’’E。東(dong)(dong)鄰龍門縣、增城市, 南與白云區接(jie)壤(rang), 西與花都區、清遠市相連,北界佛岡縣、新豐縣,地(di)處大珠三角經濟圈, 屬于廣(guang)州“北優”發展(zhan)戰略的(de)重要(yao)組成部分。
自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)規劃面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)7054.36hm2,森林覆蓋(gai)率為(wei)94.69%,其(qi)中核心區(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)3080.23hm2,占(zhan)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)43.66%(含(han)上水庫(ku)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)75.55公(gong)頃),緩(huan)沖區(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)1939.01hm2,占(zhan)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)27.49%(含(han)下水庫(ku)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)198.08公(gong)頃),實驗區(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2035.12hm2,占(zhan)保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)28.85%。
廣東(dong)從(cong)化(hua)陳(chen)禾洞(dong)省自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)是(shi)(shi)南亞熱帶常綠闊葉林(lin)保存較為完整的(de)(de)林(lin)區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)一,區(qu)(qu)內(nei)物種起源(yuan)古老(lao),成(cheng)分復雜,生(sheng)物多樣性高,同(tong)時(shi)也是(shi)(shi)珍稀野生(sheng)動植(zhi)物基(ji)(ji)因庫。既是(shi)(shi)華南較大(da)都(dou)市(shi)廣州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)的(de)(de)“母親河(he)(he)(he)”——流溪河(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)發(fa)源(yuan)地之(zhi)一,同(tong)時(shi)也是(shi)(shi)世界(jie)目前(qian)較大(da)的(de)(de)蓄能電廠——廣州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)抽水蓄能電廠上、下(xia)水庫的(de)(de)所在(zai)地。保護(hu)(hu)好(hao)庫區(qu)(qu)周邊森(sen)林(lin)植(zhi)被,充分發(fa)揮其水源(yuan)涵養功能具有重要的(de)(de)戰略意義。為此,省、廣州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)林(lin)業主管部門(men)及(ji)從(cong)化(hua)市(shi)都(dou)十(shi)分重視支持自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)建設(she),現正抓緊進行機構的(de)(de)設(she)置和基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施的(de)(de)建設(she),以便更好(hao)地加強(qiang)陳(chen)禾洞(dong)自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)建設(she)與管理,把陳(chen)禾洞(dong)地區(qu)(qu)建成(cheng)一個惠及(ji)廣蓄電站、從(cong)化(hua)及(ji)流溪河(he)(he)(he)流域周邊地區(qu)(qu),甚至(zhi)是(shi)(shi)廣州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)廣大(da)人民的(de)(de)水源(yuan)保護(hu)(hu)功能型的(de)(de)自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu),是(shi)(shi)一項利在(zai)當代、功在(zai)千秋的(de)(de)事(shi)業。
陳(chen)禾(he)洞保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)廣(guang)東省內亞熱(re)(re)帶常綠闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)存較為(wei)(wei)(wei)完(wan)(wan)(wan)整(zheng)的林(lin)(lin)(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一。陳(chen)禾(he)洞位于從(cong)化區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)呂(lv)田(tian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)境(jing)內,是(shi)珠(zhu)江三(san)角洲通(tong)往粵北、華東地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的交通(tong)咽喉(hou)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)規劃總面積(ji)7054.36公(gong)(gong)頃,其(qi)中(zhong)核(he)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面積(ji)2039.06公(gong)(gong)頃,森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)94.69%。該(gai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)亞熱(re)(re)帶常綠闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)存較為(wei)(wei)(wei)完(wan)(wan)(wan)整(zheng)的林(lin)(lin)(lin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)一,區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)起源(yuan)古老,成分復雜,同(tong)(tong)時(shi)也是(shi)珍(zhen)稀(xi)(xi)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)基(ji)因庫(ku)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)所(suo)在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)的呂(lv)田(tian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)和(he)周邊的良口(kou)鎮(zhen)(zhen),山巒(luan)起伏,海(hai)拔(ba)800米以上的山峰(feng)有(you)(you)(you)30多座(zuo),海(hai)拔(ba)1146米的雞枕山,冬天時(shi)有(you)(you)(you)冰雪(xue),是(shi)廣(guang)州(zhou)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)可(ke)見雪(xue)景的地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)將分為(wei)(wei)(wei)核(he)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、緩沖區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)實驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。其(qi)中(zhong)核(he)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)位于保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)中(zhong)部,包(bao)括陳(chen)禾(he)洞盆地(di)(di)(di)和(he)小杉盆地(di)(di)(di)的主(zhu)要部分山地(di)(di)(di),森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)系統完(wan)(wan)(wan)整(zheng)穩定(ding),適宜多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)長,也是(shi)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的棲息場(chang)所(suo)。核(he)心(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)禁止開(kai)展生(sheng)態(tai)旅游(you)活動(dong)。緩沖區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)允許(xu)進行科研監測活動(dong)和(he)標本采集活動(dong),但(dan)也不開(kai)展生(sheng)態(tai)旅游(you)活動(dong)。實驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)則設(she)有(you)(you)(you)珍(zhen)稀(xi)(xi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)異地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)存基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)、珍(zhen)稀(xi)(xi)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)救護(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)心(xin)、科研科普教育(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)經營地(di)(di)(di)等。因此(ci),除(chu)了林(lin)(lin)(lin)海(hai)景觀,參(can)觀者(zhe)還可(ke)在(zai)救護(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)心(xin)和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)站內觀賞(shang)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)馴(xun)養繁育(yu)珍(zhen)稀(xi)(xi)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)。陳(chen)禾(he)洞保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)有(you)(you)(you)維管植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)200科776屬1310種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)Ⅰ級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),Ⅱ級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)珍(zhen)稀(xi)(xi)瀕(bin)危植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。有(you)(you)(you)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)83科31目219種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)瀕(bin)危動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)紅皮書(1998年)確定(ding)的瀕(bin)危物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國(guo)(guo)際公(gong)(gong)約保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。既是(shi)廣(guang)州(zhou)“母親河(he)(he)”———流溪(xi)河(he)(he)的發源(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)一,同(tong)(tong)時(shi)也是(shi)世界目前較大的蓄(xu)能電(dian)站———廣(guang)州(zhou)抽水蓄(xu)能電(dian)站上、下水庫(ku)的所(suo)在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)附(fu)近的旅游(you)配套設(she)施已(yi)經比較完(wan)(wan)(wan)善,四周公(gong)(gong)路(lu)四通(tong)八達,其(qi)所(suo)在(zai)的呂(lv)田(tian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)主(zhu)要公(gong)(gong)路(lu)有(you)(you)(you)14條,105國(guo)(guo)道貫穿全境(jing),京珠(zhu)高速公(gong)(gong)路(lu)在(zai)附(fu)近鰲頭(tou)鎮(zhen)(zhen)設(she)有(you)(you)(you)出(chu)口(kou)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)到新(xin)機場(chang)僅(jin)需(xu)要60分鐘車(che)程(cheng),到廣(guang)州(zhou)火車(che)站不足70分鐘。