“東(dong)(dong)(dong)川紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)”位(wei)于昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市以(yi)北(bei)偏東(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)向,屬(shu)昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市東(dong)(dong)(dong)川區(qu)。從昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)到(dao)達景(jing)點中(zhong)心行(xing)程約250公里(li)(li)車程,主要(yao)景(jing)點在(zai)海拔1800至2600之間。因(yin)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)川高(gao)(gao)溫多雨下發育而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)土(tu)(tu)壤,這(zhe)種(zhong)土(tu)(tu)壤含鐵(tie)、鋁成(cheng)分(fen)較多,有(you)機質(zhi)少,酸性強,土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)黏(nian)重。這(zhe)里(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)圓近(jin)百里(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域是(shi)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)高(gao)(gao)原上(shang)(shang)最集(ji)中(zhong)、最典型、最具(ju)特色(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)。襯以(yi)藍天、白云(yun)和(he)(he)那(nei)變幻(huan)莫測(ce)的(de)(de)(de)光線(xian),構成(cheng)了紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)觀的(de)(de)(de)景(jing)色(se)(se)。在(zai)景(jing)區(qu)生長著一(yi)(yi)顆沙松(song)樹,為松(song)科冷(leng)杉屬(shu),據說已有(you)上(shang)(shang)千年樹齡,曾(ceng)枯死三年又吐(tu)新芽,被當(dang)地(di)(di)村(cun)民稱其(qi)為“老龍樹”,保佑(you)著這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)鄉民。墨(mo)客(ke)前往老龍樹景(jing)點時突然驚雷交加,陳雨瀟瀟;瞬間又云(yun)舒(shu)日出(chu),據說是(shi)數十年一(yi)(yi)遇的(de)(de)(de)吉象。云(yun)南(nan)(nan)地(di)(di)處溫暖濕潤的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing),土(tu)(tu)壤里(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)質(zhi)經過(guo)氧(yang)化慢慢沉積下來,逐漸形成(cheng)了炫(xuan)目的(de)(de)(de)色(se)(se)彩。東(dong)(dong)(dong)川紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)指的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)位(wei)于昆(kun)明(ming)(ming)市東(dong)(dong)(dong)川區(qu)西南(nan)(nan)40多公里(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)鎮(zhen)、有(you)一(yi)(yi)名叫“花石頭”(在(zai)109公里(li)(li)程碑處)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang),這(zhe)里(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)圓近(jin)百里(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域是(shi)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)高(gao)(gao)原上(shang)(shang)最集(ji)中(zhong)、最典型、最具(ju)特色(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)。每(mei)年9至12月,一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)翻根待(dai)種(zhong),另一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)已經種(zhong)上(shang)(shang)綠(lv)綠(lv)的(de)(de)(de)青稞或小麥和(he)(he)其(qi)他農作物,遠遠看(kan)去,就像上(shang)(shang)天涂抹的(de)(de)(de)色(se)(se)塊(kuai),色(se)(se)彩絢麗斑斕,襯以(yi)藍天、白云(yun)和(he)(he)那(nei)變幻(huan)莫測(ce)的(de)(de)(de)光束,構成(cheng)了紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)觀的(de)(de)(de)景(jing)色(se)(se)。
東川紅(hong)(hong)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)位于昆明市(shi)東川區(qu)、一(yi)個叫(jiao)“花(hua)石頭(tou)”(在109公里里程碑處)的地(di)(di)(di)方(fang),被專家認為是全世界除巴(ba)(ba)西里約熱內盧外(wai)最(zui)有氣勢的紅(hong)(hong)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di),而其(qi)景(jing)象甚至(zhi)比巴(ba)(ba)西紅(hong)(hong)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)更為壯(zhuang)美。放眼望(wang)去,山(shan)川和(he)原野呈現出一(yi)片片暗紅(hong)(hong)、紫紅(hong)(hong)、磚紅(hong)(hong)等不同的紅(hong)(hong)色,方(fang)圓數百里大大小(xiao)小(xiao)的山(shan)頭(tou)、山(shan)坡上,油(you)菜(cai)花(hua)與(yu)洋芋花(hua)熱烈地(di)(di)(di)綻(zhan)放著,金色的麥浪在清涼的山(shan)風下如碧浪般翻(fan)滾,一(yi)層(ceng)綠,一(yi)層(ceng)白,又(you)一(yi)層(ceng)紅(hong)(hong),一(yi)層(ceng)金。
交通路線:
【客車】
昆明北(bei)部汽車客(ke)運站(zhan)有昆明至(zhi)東川的客(ke)車,票價49元,行程約3小(xiao)時。
【自駕】
從昆明到紅土地,有兩條(tiao)線(xian)路可(ke)供選擇:第一條(tiao)是(shi)走昆曲、嵩待高速,第二條(tiao)走轎(jiao)子雪山旅游專線(xian)。分別介紹如下:
第一條:從昆(kun)明出(chu)發進入(ru)昆(kun)曲高(gao)速(su)(su)——昆(kun)嵩(song)(song)高(gao)速(su)(su)——嵩(song)(song)明高(gao)速(su)(su)——嵩(song)(song)待(dai)高(gao)速(su)(su)——看到東川指示牌(pai)后就是(shi)龍潭出(chu)口——東川區(這(zhe)高(gao)速(su)(su)標注(zhu)不是(shi)很清晰容易誤導(dao)人,進入(ru)高(gao)速(su)(su)后別走(zou)G8511,一定往(wang)左邊口進入(ru))在嵩(song)(song)待(dai)高(gao)速(su)(su)下了龍潭出(chu)口,也是(shi)通往(wang)紅土地(di)必(bi)經之路(lu),指示明確,建議走(zou)這(zhe)條路(lu)。
第二條:由昆明(ming)(ming)西北方向的普吉立交進入“轎子雪(xue)山(shan)旅游(you)專線(xian)”,到倘(tang)甸鎮(當地(di)人又叫馬(ma)街)后,轉紅(hong)土(tu)地(di)方向,總行程約150公里(li)。昆明(ming)(ming)至倘(tang)甸路段為(wei)旅游(you)專線(xian),距離約100公里(li),路面情況(kuang)良好,平(ping)均時速可(ke)達80公里(li);倘(tang)甸到紅(hong)土(tu)地(di)約有50公里(li),中間多為(wei)鄉村公路,平(ping)均時速約40~50公里(li)。
紅(hong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)是(shi)一(yi)種低(di)產貧瘠(ji)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang),主要是(shi)因為人為和天氣自然因素加速“紅(hong)土(tu)(tu)沙漠化”。由于人多地(di)少,過度開發,濫伐森林(lin),加上(shang)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)本身的特性,紅(hong)壤(rang)區的土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)生產力低(di)下(xia),水土(tu)(tu)流(liu)失(shi)嚴(yan)重,并在不少地(di)區嚴(yan)重退化,形成(cheng)“紅(hong)色(se)荒漠化”。陡(dou)坡(po)開墾或(huo)(huo)過度墾殖,或(huo)(huo)者毀林(lin)開荒,砍林(lin)取薪破(po)壞地(di)表植被導(dao)致水土(tu)(tu)流(liu)失(shi),土(tu)(tu)地(di)退化。另外,南方山區丘陵 水土(tu)(tu)流(liu)失(shi)嚴(yan)重,危害大于黃土(tu)(tu)高原。導(dao)致石質(zhi)裸(luo)露,不能恢復,形成(cheng)“紅(hong)色(se)荒漠”。