王淑妃(?-947年),王氏(shi),邠州人(ren),五代十國時期后(hou)唐第(di)二位皇帝(di)后(hou)唐明宗李嗣源的寵(chong)妃,也是五代第(di)一(yi)美女(nv)。
王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)是(shi)邠州(zhou)人(ren)(ren)(ren),其(qi)家(jia)里(li)以賣餅(bing)為(wei)生。王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)容貌俊(jun)美,號稱“花見羞”,年(nian)少時賣給(gei)后梁將領劉鄩(xin)(xin)家(jia)中當(dang)侍(shi)女。龍(long)德三年(nian)(923年(nian)),劉鄩(xin)(xin)去世,王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)無(wu)處(chu)可歸(gui)。當(dang)時,后唐(tang)明宗(zong)李(li)嗣(si)源的夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)夏氏(shi)(shi)去世,正找適(shi)當(dang)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)納為(wei)妾,有人(ren)(ren)(ren)對安重誨講到(dao)(dao)王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi),安重誨告訴后唐(tang)明宗(zong)納她(ta)為(wei)妾。王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)得到(dao)(dao)劉鄩(xin)(xin)的金銀(yin)很(hen)多,全部(bu)送給(gei)后唐(tang)明宗(zong)左右及諸(zhu)子婦人(ren)(ren)(ren),人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都講王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)的好(hao)話,后唐(tang)明宗(zong)更加喜(xi)愛她(ta)。夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)曹氏(shi)(shi)為(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)簡單質樸(pu),常常怕事,因此王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)專寵。
同光四年(926年),后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)繼位(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),商議(yi)立皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),曹(cao)(cao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)立,曹(cao)(cao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說:“我(wo)多病,性情不耐煩,妹應當(dang)代替我(wo)當(dang)。”王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說:“后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),帝(di)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)匹配,至尊之位(wei)(wei),誰敢隨便(bian)代替呢?”于是立曹(cao)(cao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)淑(shu)妃(fei)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)侍(shi)奉(feng)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)曹(cao)(cao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)謹慎,每次后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)早晨(chen)起來洗漱穿衣(yi)都是王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服侍(shi)左(zuo)右(you)。罷朝,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)與(yu)曹(cao)(cao)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)吃飯,王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)侍(shi)奉(feng)左(zuo)右(you),食畢才退(tui),從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)不懈怠。曹(cao)(cao)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)心里(li)也非(fei)常喜歡(huan)她(ta)。然(ran)而(er)宮(gong)中(zhong)的(de)事都由(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)做(zuo)主。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)病重,王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)宦(huan)官孟漢瓊左(zuo)右(you)侍(shi)奉(feng),日(ri)益專權,殺害安重誨、秦王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)(rong)都有參(can)與(yu)。劉鄩幾個兒子都因(yin)為(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)幫(bang)助而(er)封官拜爵。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐愍帝(di)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)厚(hou)即位(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),尊曹(cao)(cao)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)皇(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)太(tai)(tai)妃(fei)。起初,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)宮(gong)有生(sheng)兒子的(de),后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)讓(rang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)收養,這(zhe)便(bian)是許王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)益。李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)益乳母司(si)衣(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),見(jian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)已老而(er)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)(rong)掌握兵(bing)權,想為(wei)自己(ji)日(ri)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)打算,就(jiu)說:“兒思(si)秦王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。”當(dang)時李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)益已經四歲,又教李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)益自己(ji)說要求見(jian)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)(rong)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐明(ming)(ming)宗(zong)就(jiu)派她(ta)將(jiang)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)益往來秦王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)府。就(jiu)與(yu)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)(rong)私通,李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)(rong)讓(rang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)觀察宮(gong)中(zhong)動靜。李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)(rong)已死,司(si)衣(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)認(ren)為(wei)李(li)(li)(li)(li)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)榮(rong)(rong)實(shi)際是用兵(bing)入宮(gong)保衛天子,然(ran)而(er)以反(fan)叛(pan)被誅(zhu),口出怨言。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)唐愍帝(di)聽說后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)大怒,賜死司(si)衣(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),然(ran)而(er)這(zhe)事和太(tai)(tai)妃(fei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有牽連,因(yin)此不高興,想把她(ta)遷(qian)到至德宮(gong),因(yin)曹(cao)(cao)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)和王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)來很(hen)好,怕傷害曹(cao)(cao)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)感(gan)情而(er)沒遷(qian),但是待她(ta)很(hen)淡薄。
后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)廢帝(di)李(li)從珂即位(wei),曾在妃院設宴,王氏舉酒杯說:“愿意辭(ci)別皇帝(di)去(qu)(qu)當尼姑。”后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)廢帝(di)大驚(jing),問原(yuan)因,王氏說:“小(xiao)兒處偶然(ran)得命,如果(guo)大兒不(bu)容(rong),那(nei)么到死的時候,有啥(sha)臉面去(qu)(qu)見(jian)先帝(di)?”說著(zhu)哭了(le)(le)。后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)廢帝(di)也為她悲傷(shang),待她很好(hao)。石敬(jing)瑭進攻京城,后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)廢帝(di)聚族(zu)準(zhun)備(bei)自(zi)焚(fen)。王氏對曹太(tai)后(hou)(hou)說:“事急了(le)(le),應該回避,等候姑夫。”曹太(tai)后(hou)(hou)說:“我家(jia)到這種地步,我不(bu)忍心(xin)一個人活著(zhu),你(ni)自(zi)己保(bao)重吧(ba)!”曹太(tai)后(hou)(hou)與后(hou)(hou)唐(tang)(tang)廢帝(di)自(zi)焚(fen)而死,王氏與李(li)從益及其妹藏在鞠場內得免死。
后(hou)晉高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)石敬瑭(tang)即位,王(wang)氏(shi)自(zi)己請(qing)求當尼姑未成,遷到(dao)至德宮(gong)住。后(hou)晉遷都(dou)(dou)到(dao)汴州(zhou),王(wang)氏(shi)母(mu)子都(dou)(dou)相隨(sui),安置宮(gong)中(zhong),后(hou)晉高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)皇后(hou)待她如母(mu)。天福(fu)四年(939年)九月十五日,詔以(yi)(yi)郇國三千戶(hu)封李從(cong)益為郇國公,以(yi)(yi)奉后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)的(de)祭(ji)祀(si),服色、旌旗都(dou)(dou)依(yi)照后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)的(de)舊制。太常卿商議立后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)莊宗(zong)(zong)、后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)明宗(zong)(zong)、后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)愍帝三室,用至德宮(gong)為廟;詔立后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)、后(hou)唐(tang)(tang)太宗(zong)(zong),為五廟,派(pai)李從(cong)益主持祠廟祭(ji)祀(si)。
后晉出(chu)帝石重貴(gui)即(ji)位后,王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)母子都回(hui)到洛(luo)(luo)陽(yang)。契丹(dan)進攻(gong)京城,趙延(yan)壽所娶后唐明(ming)宗(zong)公(gong)主(zhu)已經死了,耶(ye)律德(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)就為趙延(yan)壽娶李從(cong)益妹(mei),稱永安公(gong)主(zhu)。永安公(gong)主(zhu)生(sheng)母不(bu)知是誰,由王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)撫養長大(da),王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)到京城主(zhu)持婚禮(li)。耶(ye)律德(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)見到后唐明(ming)宗(zong)畫像,焚香禮(li)拜,對王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)說:“明(ming)宗(zong)與我約為弟兄,你是我嫂子。”不(bu)久欣然說:“現在是我妻了。”就用李從(cong)益為彰(zhang)信(xin)軍節度使,李從(cong)益推辭不(bu)肯當官,和王(wang)氏(shi)(shi)都回(hui)到洛(luo)(luo)陽(yang)。
耶律德(de)光北歸,留蕭翰(han)守汴(bian)州。后(hou)漢(han)高(gao)祖劉(liu)知(zhi)遠(yuan)在太原(yuan)起兵,蕭翰(han)想北去,就(jiu)派人(ren)召(zhao)李從(cong)益(yi)(yi)把中原(yuan)委托給(gei)他(ta)。李從(cong)益(yi)(yi)子(zi)母逃到徽陵去躲避(bi)使(shi)者(zhe),使(shi)者(zhe)強(qiang)迫他(ta)東來,讓李從(cong)益(yi)(yi)權知(zhi)南朝軍國事。李從(cong)益(yi)(yi)坐崇元殿(dian),蕭翰(han)率契丹諸將拜殿(dian)上,后(hou)晉群臣拜殿(dian)下。群臣入見(jian)王氏(shi),王氏(shi)說(shuo):“我家母子(zi)孤弱,被(bei)翰(han)強(qiang)迫,這不是福(fu)呀!禍快(kuai)到了!”才以王松、趙上交為(wei)(wei)左(zuo)右(you)丞(cheng)相(xiang),李式、翟光鄴為(wei)(wei)樞密使(shi),燕將劉(liu)祚(zuo)為(wei)(wei)侍衛親軍都指揮(hui)使(shi)。蕭翰(han)留契丹兵一千人(ren)歸劉(liu)祚(zuo)而北去。
后(hou)漢高(gao)(gao)(gao)祖率(lv)(lv)軍南(nan)下,李(li)從益派人(ren)召高(gao)(gao)(gao)行周(zhou)、武(wu)行德等人(ren)前去抵抗,高(gao)(gao)(gao)行周(zhou)等人(ren)都(dou)不到,就(jiu)與(yu)王(wang)(wang)松(song)商議用燕兵閉城自守。王(wang)(wang)氏說(shuo):“亡(wang)國之后(hou),怎敢與(yu)別(bie)人(ren)爭天下?”立即派人(ren)上書迎(ying)接(jie)后(hou)漢高(gao)(gao)(gao)祖。后(hou)漢高(gao)(gao)(gao)祖聽(ting)說(shuo)他曾召高(gao)(gao)(gao)行周(zhou),不至(zhi),就(jiu)派郭(guo)從義先率(lv)(lv)兵入京城殺王(wang)(wang)氏母子。王(wang)(wang)氏臨(lin)死大喊說(shuo):“我家(jia)母子有什么罪?為何不留下我兒子使(shi)他每年(nian)(nian)寒食(shi)節拿一(yi)盂飯酒到后(hou)唐(tang)明宗墳上祭祀。”聽(ting)見的人(ren)都(dou)感到悲傷。李(li)從益死時(shi)年(nian)(nian)僅十七歲。后(hou)周(zhou)廣順元年(nian)(nian)(951年(nian)(nian))四月(yue),郭(guo)威追謚(shi)王(wang)(wang)氏為賢妃。
歐陽修等《新五代史》:有(you)美(mei)色(se),號(hao)“花見羞”。
《新五代史·卷十五·唐明宗(zong)家人傳(chuan)第三》