葉小(xiao)鸞(luan)(1616~1632) 明末才女(nv)(nv)。字瓊章,一(yi)字瑤期(qi),吳(wu)江(今屬江蘇蘇州)人,文學家葉紹袁、沈宜修幼女(nv)(nv)。貌(mao)姣好,工詩,善(shan)圍棋及琴,又(you)能(neng)畫,繪山水及落花(hua)飛碟,皆有韻(yun)致,將嫁而卒,有集(ji)名(ming)《返生香(xiang)》。
父葉紹袁,天啟進士,官工部主事;母(mu)沈(shen)(shen)宜(yi)修,字宛君(jun),均(jun)工詩(shi)詞,偕隱分湖。小(xiao)鸞為(wei)沈(shen)(shen)宜(yi)修的第(di)三(san)個女(nv)兒(er),剛(gang)出生時,宜(yi)修念(nian)及(ji)家貧乏乳也(ye)念(nian)及(ji)表妹張(zhang)(zhang)倩(qian)(qian)倩(qian)(qian)子女(nv)俱亡,將小(xiao)鸞送予沈(shen)(shen)自(zi)征、張(zhang)(zhang)倩(qian)(qian)倩(qian)(qian)撫養。小(xiao)鸞靈慧早熟,工于詩(shi)律。“三(san)四歲(sui),口授(shou)《萬首唐人(ren)絕句》及(ji)《花間(jian)》、《草堂》諸詞,皆朗然成誦,終卷不遺一字。”10歲(sui)時養母(mu)去世遂(sui)歸(gui)葉家,能(neng)成妙對,12歲(sui)濃(nong)發覆額,體質修長,娟好如玉人(ren);隨父到了(le)金陵,教之學詠,遂(sui)從(cong)此能(neng)詩(shi),多佳句。14歲(sui)能(neng)弈棋,16歲(sui)善彈琴,清泠可(ke)聽。又擅繪畫,摹山(shan)水,寫(xie)花蝶(die),書法亦(yi)秀勁(jing)。
小鸞性格高(gao)曠,厭繁華,愛煙霞,通禪理。自恃穎姿(zi),視金(jin)錢(qian)若污(wu)物(wu),淡(dan)然無求,而(er)濟楚清雅,所(suo)最喜矣。能(neng)飲酒,善言笑,瀟灑多致,高(gao)情曠達(da),仁(ren)慈寬厚。許配昆山張維魯長(chang)子立平為妻,婚(hun)前五日,未嫁(jia)而(er)卒,時年僅十七歲(虛歲)。七日入棺,舉體輕盈。家人咸以(yi)為仙去。其(qi)姐(jie)葉(xie)紈(wan)紈(wan)因妹逝,歸哭(ku)過哀,病發而(er)死。
葉(xie)小(xiao)鸞墓在葉(xie)家埭東南一(yi)里多的大富圩。葉(xie)小(xiao)鸞歿(mo)于明崇禎五年(1632年)十(shi)(shi)月十(shi)(shi)一(yi)日,年僅十(shi)(shi)七(qi)歲,離婚(hun)期只(zhi)剩五天。
1923年,柳亞(ya)子與沈長公訪小(xiao)鸞墓(mu),并寫(xie)了一首《葉(xie)瓊章(zhang)墓(mu)道歌》,表示想在墓(mu)地(di)旁(pang)種(zhong)下萬株(zhu)梅花。后來,經柳亞(ya)子、葉(xie)楚(chu)傖等的提議及捐助(zhu),寶生庵得以恢(hui)復原(yuan)貌。墓(mu)碑上(shang)“葉(xie)小(xiao)鸞之墓(mu)”由葉(xie)氏族長葉(xie)藜仙題寫(xie)。
1958年,修建(jian)318國道時墓(mu)(mu)遭到嚴重破壞。1982年文物普(pu)查(cha),發現了在生(sheng)產(chan)隊(dui)倉庫的墓(mu)(mu)碑。這塊墓(mu)(mu)碑現在保存(cun)于張應春烈士紀念(nian)館。
小鸞有(you)集名《返(fan)生香》,收詩(shi)103首(shou)(shou)、偈1首(shou)(shou)、詞(ci)90首(shou)(shou)、曲1首(shou)(shou)、擬連(lian)珠9首(shou)(shou)、序1篇、偈2篇。
陳維崧(song)《婦(fu)人(ren)集》評葉氏三女才(cai)調以“瓊章尤(you)英徹,如玉山之映人(ren),詩詞絕有(you)思致”。
胡文楷《歷代(dai)婦女著(zhu)作考》卷五曰:“七占及絕句,視姊為(wei)勝。詩徐清麗(li)相當(dang),而時有至語。擬其(qi)態制,正如花(hua)紅雪白(bai),光(guang)悅宜人(ren)。而一語纏綿,復耐人(ren)尋(xun)咀(ju)。驕(jiao)麗(li)之文,涉筆便工。”
王(wang)端淑《名媛詩緯》說:”詞家口頭(tou)(tou)語,正寫不出,在筆尖頭(tou)(tou);寫得出便輕(qing)松流麗,淡處(chu)見濃,閑處(chu)耐想,足以供人咀味(wei)。何必(bi)蘇(su)、劉、秦、柳(liu)始(shi)稱上品?”
陳廷焯《白雨齋詞(ci)(ci)話》卷二(er)曰:“葉(xie)小(xiao)鸞詞(ci)(ci)筆哀艷,不減(jian)朱(zhu)淑(shu)真(zhen)。求(qiu)諸明代作者(zhe),尤不易(yi)見也。”卷五曰:“閨秀(xiu)工為(wei)詞(ci)(ci)者(zhe),前有李(li)(li)易(yi)安,后則(ze)徐湘萍(ping),明末葉(xie)小(xiao)鸞較勝(sheng)于(yu)朱(zhu)淑(shu)真(zhen),可為(wei)李(li)(li)、徐之亞。”
沈(shen)宜(yi)修《季(ji)女瓊章傳》
女(nv)名(ming)小鸞,字瓊章,又字瑤期(qi),余(yu)第三(san)女(nv)也。生才六(liu)月(yue),即撫(fu)于(yu)君庸舅家。明年春(chun),余(yu)父自東魯(lu)掛冠歸,余(yu)歸寧,值兒周歲,頗穎秀(xiu)。妗母即余(yu)表妹(mei)張氏,端(duan)麗明智人也,數向余(yu)言,是兒靈慧,后日當齊班蔡,姿容亦非尋常比者。
四歲(sui),能(neng)誦《離騷》。不數遍,即(ji)能(neng)了了。又令識字,他日(ri)故以謬(miu)戲之(zhi),兒云:“非(fei)也,母誤耶?”舅與妗甚(shen)憐愛(ai)之(zhi)。十歲(sui)歸家,時(shi)初(chu)寒(han),清燈夜坐,檻外風竹瀟瀟,簾前月(yue)明(ming)如晝。余因語云:“桂寒(han)清露濕。”兒即(ji)應云:“楓(feng)冷亂紅凋(diao)。”爾時(shi)喜其敏捷,有柳(liu)絮(xu)因風之(zhi)思(si) 。悲夫!豈竟為不壽之(zhi)征乎?
后遭妗(jin)母之(zhi)變,舅又久滯燕(yan)都,每(mei)言念顧復(fu)(fu)之(zhi)情,無(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)唏(xi)噓泣下。兒體(ti)質姣長,十二歲(sui)(sui)發已覆額,娟好如(ru)玉人(ren)。隨父(fu)金(jin)陵,覽長干(gan)桃葉(xie),教之(zhi)學(xue)詠,遂從此能詩。今檢遺(yi)篋中(zhong),無(wu)(wu)(wu)復(fu)(fu)一存,想以小時語未工,兒自棄去邪?十四(si)歲(sui)(sui)能弈。十六歲(sui)(sui)有族(zu)姑(gu)善琴,略(lve)為指教,即(ji)通(tong)數調,清泠可聽,嵇康所云“英(ying)聲(sheng)發越,采采粲(can)(can)粲(can)(can)”也。家有畫卷,即(ji)能摹寫。今夏,君(jun)牧弟以畫扇(shan)寄余,兒仿之(zhi)甚似。又見藤箋上作落花飛(fei)蝶,甚有風雅之(zhi)致。但無(wu)(wu)(wu)師傳授,又學(xue)未久, 不(bu)能精工耳。
性高(gao)曠,厭繁華,愛(ai)煙霞,通禪理。自(zi)恃穎(ying)姿,嘗言(yan)欲博盡今(jin)(jin)古,為父所(suo)鐘(zhong)愛(ai)。然(ran)(ran)于(yu)姊妹中,略無恃愛(ai)之(zhi)色。或有所(suo)與,必與兩姊共(gong)之(zhi)。然(ran)(ran)貧士所(suo)與,不(bu)過紙筆書香而(er)已(yi)。衣服(fu)不(bu)喜新,即今(jin)(jin)年春夏(xia)來,余制羅衫裙幾件,為更(geng)其(qi)舊者,竟不(bu)見著。至(zhi)死時(shi)檢之(zhi),猶未(wei)開(kai)折也,其(qi)性儉如(ru)此。因結褵將近,家貧無所(suo)措(cuo)辦,父為百(bai)計營貸。兒意甚不(bu)樂,謂荊釵裙布,貧士之(zhi)常,父何(he)自(zi)苦為。然(ran)(ran)又非纖嗇,視金錢若浼,淡然(ran)(ran)無求,而(er)濟楚(chu)清(qing)雅,所(suo)最喜矣。
兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)鬒發素額,修眉玉頰,丹(dan)唇皓齒,端鼻(bi)媚(mei)靨(ye),明眸善睞(lai),秀(xiu)色(se)可餐,無(wu)妖艷之(zhi)態,無(wu)脂粉之(zhi)氣(qi)。比梅花,覺(jue)梅花太(tai)瘦;比海(hai)棠,覺(jue)海(hai)棠少(shao)清。故名為豐麗,實(shi)是逸韻(yun)(yun)風(feng)(feng)生(sheng)。若謂(wei)有韻(yun)(yun)致(zhi)人(ren)。不免輕佻,則又端嚴(yan)莊靚。總之(zhi)王夫(fu)人(ren)林下之(zhi)風(feng)(feng),顧家婦閨房之(zhi)秀(xiu),兼有之(zhi)耳。父(fu)嘗戲(xi)(xi)謂(wei)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有絕世之(zhi)姿,兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)必慍曰:“女子傾城之(zhi)色(se),何(he)所(suo)取(qu)貴,父(fu)何(he)必加之(zhi)于兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)?”己(ji)巳十四(si)歲(sui),與余(yu)同過(guo)舅家,歸時君晦舅贈(zeng)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)詩,有“南國無(wu)雙應自貴,北方獨立詎為慚(can),飛去廣寒身似許(xu),比來玉帳貌如甘”之(zhi)句,皆非兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)意(yi)中所(suo)悅也。一日曉起,立余(yu)床(chuang)前(qian),面(mian)酥未洗,宿發未梳,風(feng)(feng)韻(yun)(yun)神(shen)致(zhi),亭亭無(wu)比。余(yu)戲(xi)(xi)謂(wei)之(zhi)曰:“兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)嗔人(ren)贊汝色(se)美(mei),今粗服亂(luan)頭,尚且如此(ci),真(zhen)所(suo)謂(wei)笑笑生(sheng)芳,步步生(sheng)妍(yan)矣,我見猶憐,未知畫眉人(ren)道(dao)汝何(he)如?”悲(bei)夫(fu)!孰(shu)意(yi)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)床(chuang)前(qian)之(zhi)立今不復見,夫(fu)婦不得(de)一識面(mian)乎!
作(zuo)詩不喜作(zuo)艷(yan)語,集中(zhong)或有(you)艷(yan)句(ju),是(shi)詠(yong)物之興,填詞之體(ti),如(ru)秦少(shao)游、晏小山代(dai)閨人為(wei)之耳(er)。如(ru)夢中(zhong)所(suo)作(zuo)《鷓鴣天》,此其志也。每(mei)日臨王子敬《洛神賦》,或懷素草書,不分(fen)寒(han)暑,靜坐(zuo)北窗下,一爐香(xiang)相對終(zhong)日。余(yu)喚之出中(zhong)庭(ting),方出,否則默(mo)默(mo)與琴書為(wei)伴而已(yi)。其愛清(qing)幽 恬寂(ji),有(you)過人者(zhe)。又(you)最(zui)不喜拘檢,能(neng)飲(yin)酒,善言笑,瀟灑(sa)多致,高情曠達,夷然不屑也。
性仁(ren)慈寬厚。侍(shi)女紅于,未曾一加呵責。識鑒明達,不拘(ju)今昔間事,言下即了然徹解。或有所(suo)評論,定出余(yu)之上。余(yu)曰:“汝(ru)非我女,我小友也(ye)。”
九(jiu)月十五日(ri)粥后,猶教六弟(di)世倌暨幼妹小繁讀《楚辭》。即是(shi)日(ri),婿家(jia)行催妝禮至,而(er)兒(er)即于是(shi)夕病(bing)矣。于歸(gui)已近,竟成不(bu)起(qi)之(zhi)疾。十月十日(ri),父(fu)不(bu)得已,許(xu)婿來就婚(hun),即至房中對(dui)兒(er)云:“我(wo)已許(xu)彼矣,努(nu)力(li)自攝,無(wu)誤佳期(qi)。”兒(er)默默然。父(fu)出,即喚紅于問曰(yue):“今日(ri)何(he)日(ri) ?”云十月初十。兒(er)嘆(tan)曰(yue):“如此(ci)甚速,如何(he)來得及。”未免以病(bing)未有起(qi)色,婿家(jia)催迫為(wei)焦耳(er)。不(bu)意(yi)至次日(ri)天明,遂有此(ci)慘禍也。聞病(bing)者體(ti)重則危(wei),兒(er)雖(sui)憊,舉體(ti)輕便(bian),神氣(qi)清爽。臨(lin)終略無(wu)惛迷(mi)之(zhi)色,會欲起(qi)坐,余(yu)恐久病(bing)無(wu)力(li),不(bu)禁勞動,扶枕余(yu)臂間,星眸炯炯,念(nian)佛之(zhi)聲(sheng),明朗清徹,須臾而(er)逝。余(yu)并呼數(shu)聲(sheng),兒(er)已不(bu)復(fu)聞矣。
初見兒(er)之死也,驚(jing)悼不知所出,肝(gan)腸裂(lie)盡,血(xue)淚成枯。后(hou)徐(xu)思之,兒(er)豈凡骨,若非瑤(yao)島玉女(nv),必靈鷲之侍者(zhe),應是再來人(ren),豈能(neng)久居塵世耶?死后(hou)日(ri)夜望其再生,故至七(qi)日(ri)方入殮。雖(sui)芳(fang)容消瘦已甚,面(mian)光猶雪(xue),唇紅如故。余含(han)淚書“瓊章(zhang)”二(er)字(zi)臂上(shang),尚(shang)柔白可(ke)愛,但(dan)骨瘦冰(bing)冷(leng)耳,痛(tong)哉(zai)!
初,兒(er)輩在(zai)外塾各有紙(zhi)記(ji)遍,余仿(fang)樣以(yi)木為之,取其不易損(sun)壞(huai)。茲九(jiu)月初,兒(er)亦請作一面,手書其上(shang)“石徑春風長綠苔”一句。問之,曰:“兒(er)酷(ku)愛此語。”爾時(shi)不覺(jue),今(jin)憶之,乃劉商(shang)詩(shi),上(shang)句是(shi)“仙人來(lai)往(wang)行無(wu)跡”也。豈非讖乎?兒(er)真(zhen)仙去無(wu)疑矣(yi)。
十(shi)一月初(chu)二(er)夜,五(wu)兒(er)(er)世儋夢(meng)(meng)見兒(er)(er)在一深松茂柏(bo)茅庵中(zhong)憑幾閱書,幅巾淡服,神色怡(yi)暢。傍(bang)有(you)烹(peng)茶人(ren),不(bu)許五(wu)兒(er)(er)入戶,隔窗與語(yu)而別。五(wu)兒(er)(er)尚幼,故(gu)但能(neng)憶夢(meng)(meng)境,不(bu)復憶所語(yu)也。五(wu)兒(er)(er)云:“山名亦(yi)恍(huang)恍(huang)若憶,覺(jue)后忘(wang)之(zhi)。”后數日,大兒(er)(er)世佺(quan)。亦(yi)夢(meng)(meng)見以松實數合相遺。余(yu)記陳(chen)子(zi)昂詩(shi),有(you)“還逢赤松子(zi),天路坐相邀”之(zhi)句。兒(er)(er)之(zhi)夙慧異常(chang),當果為仙都邀去耳。或(huo)有(you)譏余(yu)妄言,效(xiao)古《長恨歌》之(zhi)說。嗚呼!愛女一死,痛腸難盡,淚眼追思,實實寫出,豈(qi)效(xiao)才人(ren)作小說欺世邪?
兒生于丙辰(chen)年(nian)三(san)月(yue)初八(ba)日(ri)(ri)卯時,卒(zu)于崇禎壬(ren)申年(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一日(ri)(ri)卯時,年(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)有七歲(sui)(sui),許字昆山張家,婿名立平(ping),長我女一歲(sui)(sui),蚤有文(wen)譽,卜于是月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六日(ri)(ri)成婚,先(xian)期五日(ri)(ri)而卒(zu),夫婦(fu)不及一相見。余(yu)所未經之(zhi)慘,恐亦世間未有之(zhi)事,傷哉痛(tong)哉!此肝腸寸碎中略記一二,不能盡(jin)述也。
彭際清(qing)《善女(nv)人傳(chuan)》
字(zi)(zi)瓊章(zhang),吳江人(ren),工部(bu)郎中葉紹(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)季女也。母(mu)沈(shen)(shen)氏,名(ming)(ming)(ming)宜(yi)修,伯(bo)姊名(ming)(ming)(ming)紈紈,俱工詞(ci)翰(han)。紈紈嫁(jia)趙田袁(yuan)氏,日誦佛(fo)經(jing)。年(nian)二(er)十(shi)三(san),得疾,危坐(zuo)唱佛(fo)名(ming)(ming)(ming)而(er)逝。小鸞(luan)(luan)四(si)歲(sui)能誦《楚辭》,十(shi)二(er)歲(sui)能詩(shi)(shi),稍長能鼓琴。好(hao)臨子敬《洛(luo)神賦(fu)》及《藏真(zhen)帖》。焚香(xiang)宴(yan)坐(zuo),灑如也。年(nian)十(shi)七字(zi)(zi)于(yu)張(zhang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。行(xing)有(you)日矣(yi),俄而(er)有(you)疾,佛(fo)聲朗然,須臾化去(qu)(qu)(qu)。七日就木(mu),舉體輕(qing)軟(ruan)。事在(zai)崇(chong)禎(zhen)五年(nian)。吳門有(you)神降于(yu)乩,自言天臺泐子,在(zai)陳隋間為智(zhi)者(zhe)大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)弟子,已而(er)轉女人(ren)身(shen),墮鬼(gui)神道(dao)(dao)。遇大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)接引,頓悟宿因,遂(sui)(sui)借乩示(shi)現,闡(chan)天臺止觀法門。時紹(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)甚念小鸞(luan)(luan),遂(sui)(sui)迎泐師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家。以(yi)(yi)小鸞(luan)(luan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“此月府侍書女也,其(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)寒簧。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)今在(zai)何(he)(he)處(chu)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“緱(gou)山仙(xian)府。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)可招之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)初(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可,再三(san)請而(er)后許之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。小鸞(luan)(luan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),紹(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)以(yi)(yi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)來事。小鸞(luan)(luan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“菩(pu)薩有(you)變易(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)死(si),眾生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)分段(duan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)死(si),兒猶在(zai)分段(duan)中。去(qu)(qu)(qu)時但見(jian)金童玉(yu)女,建紫(zi)金幢,赤珊(shan)瑚節,大(da)紅(hong)流蘇結為臺閣(ge)。赤猊駕橋,赤虬驂(can)乘。爾(er)時殊樂,不(bu)(bu)(bu)知苦(ku)也。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)答(da)(da)未竟(jing),師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“無(wu)明(ming)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行(xing),行(xing)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)識,識緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)色,名(ming)(ming)(ming)色緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)六入,六入緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)觸,觸緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou),受(shou)(shou)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)愛(ai),愛(ai)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)取,取緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)有(you)有(you)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)老死(si)憂悲苦(ku)惱,君諦(di)聽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),我(wo)當(dang)細講(jiang)。”停乩良久,師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“善哉!割愛(ai)第一。”小鸞(luan)(luan)作(zuo)(zuo)詩(shi)(shi)呈師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“弱水(shui)(shui)安能制(zhi)毒龍(long),竿頭(tou)一轉拜師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功。從今別卻芙蓉(rong)主,永(yong)侍猊床(chuang)沐下風(feng)。”且(qie)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“愿從大(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)受(shou)(shou)記(ji),不(bu)(bu)(bu)復(fu)(fu)往仙(xian)府矣(yi)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因為審戒,問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)殺否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)如何(he)(he)。答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)呼小玉(yu)除花虱,也遣輕(qing)紈壞蜨衣。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)盜否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)知新綠誰家樹,怪底清簫何(he)(he)處(chu)聲。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)淫(yin)否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。晚鏡偷(tou)窺(kui)眉曲曲,春(chun)裙(qun)親繡鳥雙(shuang)雙(shuang)。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)妄言否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。自謂(wei)前生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)歡喜地,詭云今坐(zuo)辯才天。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)綺(qi)語否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。團(tuan)香(xiang)制(zhi)就夫人(ren)字(zi)(zi),鏤(lou)雪裝成幼婦詞(ci)。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)兩舌(she)否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。對(dui)月意(yi)添愁(chou)喜句,拈花評出短長謠。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)惡口(kou)否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)怕簾開(kai)譏(ji)燕子,為憐花謝罵東風(feng)。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)貪否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。經(jing)營緗帙成千(qian)軸(zhou),辛苦(ku)鶯花滿一庭。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)嗔(chen)否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。怪他(ta)道(dao)(dao)蘊敲枯硯,薄彼崔徽撲玉(yu)釵。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)癡否(fou)。”答(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。勉(mian)棄珠環(huan)收漢玉(yu),戲捐粉盒葬花魂。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“善哉!子所犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)者(zhe),獨綺(qi)語一戒耳(er)。”遂(sui)(sui)與(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戒,名(ming)(ming)(ming)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“智(zhi)斷(duan)(duan)”。小鸞(luan)(luan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)何(he)(he)謂(wei)智(zhi)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“有(you)道(dao)(dao)種(zhong)智(zhi),一切智(zhi),一切種(zhong)智(zhi)。”又問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)何(he)(he)謂(wei)斷(duan)(duan)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“斷(duan)(duan)見(jian)思惑(huo),斷(duan)(duan)塵沙惑(huo),斷(duan)(duan)無(wu)明(ming)惑(huo)。三(san)智(zhi)應(ying)修,三(san)惑(huo)應(ying)斷(duan)(duan)。菩(pu)薩有(you)智(zhi)德,有(you)斷(duan)(duan)德。智(zhi)、斷(duan)(duan)者(zhe),菩(pu)薩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)德也。”小鸞(luan)(luan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“菩(pu)薩以(yi)(yi)無(wu)所得,故(gu)得。應(ying)以(yi)(yi)無(wu)所斷(duan)(duan),故(gu)斷(duan)(duan)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驚(jing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢以(yi)(yi)神仙(xian)待子也,可謂(wei)迥絕無(wu)際矣(yi)。”遂(sui)(sui)字(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“絕際”。其(qi)年(nian)秋(qiu)沈(shen)(shen)宜(yi)人(ren)亦逝。明(ming)年(nian)四(si)月,紹(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)再邀師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)引沈(shen)(shen)氏及紈紈、小鸞(luan)(luan)偕至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。時師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)無(wu)葉堂,度諸女人(ren)夙有(you)慧根(gen)者(zhe),沈(shen)(shen)宜(yi)人(ren)母(mu)子俱從師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)修凈業,注生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)西方。既至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),聯吟古(gu)詩(shi)(shi)一首(shou)。紹(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“小鸞(luan)(luan)在(zai)緱(gou)山,有(you)詩(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)否(fou)。”答(da)(da)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“世(shi)法無(wu)常(chang),念念滅盡,如石火水(shui)(shui)沫(mo),我(wo)寧為其(qi)動搖哉。倘到處(chu)留跡(ji),不(bu)(bu)(bu)已勞(lao)乎?”將別,復(fu)(fu)告(gao)父(fu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“父(fu)還要眼明(ming)手(shou)快(kuai),倩種(zhong)愁(chou)苗(miao),乃八獄(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本,一刀割絕,立(li)地清涼(liang)。”遂(sui)(sui)去(qu)(qu)(qu)。紹(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)敘(xu)其(qi)事,名(ming)(ming)(ming)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)《窈聞》(出《午(wu)夢堂集》)。
【己巳春哭沈(shen)六舅母(mu)墓所】
十載恩(en)難報,重泉(quan)哭不(bu)聞。
年年春(chun)草色,腸(chang)斷一孤(gu)墳(fen)。
【詠梅二首】
堪笑(xiao)西園桃李花(hua),強將脂粉媚春華。
疏香獨對枝梢月(yue),深院朦朧(long)瘦影斜。
傲骨(gu)欺(qi)霜映(ying)碧綺,數竿修竹伴清幽。
年年燕子無消息,春(chun)信(xin)誰將寄隴頭。
【南歌子·秋夜】
門掩瑤琴靜,窗消畫卷閑。半庭香霧(wu)繞闌干。一帶淡(dan)煙(yan)紅樹、隔樓(lou)看。
云散(san)青天(tian)瘦,風(feng)來翠袖寒。嫦(chang)娥眉又小(xiao)檀彎(wan)。照得滿階花影、只(zhi)難攀。
【虞美人·看花】
闌(lan)干(gan)曲(qu)護閑庭(ting)小(xiao),猶(you)恐春寒(han)悄。隔墻影繞(rao)一枝(zhi)紅,卻是杏花消瘦、舊東風。
海棠睡去梨(li)花褪,欲語渾難問。只知婀娜(na)共爭(zheng)妍,不道(dao)有人為伊(yi)、惜流年。
【虞美人·殘(can)燈】
深深一點紅光(guang)小,薄縷(lv)微煙裊。錦屏斜(xie)背漢宮(gong)中,曾照阿嬌金(jin)屋、淚(lei)痕濃。
朦朧穗(sui)落輕煙散,顧影渾無(wu)伴。愴(chuang)然午(wu)夜漫凝(ning)思,恰似(si)去年秋(qiu)夜、雨窗時(shi)。
【汾湖石記】
汾(fen)湖石者,蓋得(de)之(zhi)于汾(fen)湖也。其時水落而(er)岸(an)高,流涸(he)而(er)崖出。有(you)人曰:湖之(zhi)湄有(you)石焉(yan),累累然而(er)多,遂命舟(zhou)致之(zhi)。
其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大小圓缺,袤尺不(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)色則(ze)蒼然,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)狀則(ze)崟然,皆可愛也。詢其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)居旁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人,亦不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)誰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)遺矣。豈其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)昔(xi)為(wei)繁(fan)華之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo),以年代(dai)邈遠,故湮沒而(er)無聞耶(ye)?抑開辟以來,石(shi)(shi)固生于(yu)茲水(shui)者(zhe)耶(ye)?若其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)生于(yu)茲水(shui),今不(bu)(bu)過遇而(er)出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也;若其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)昔(xi)為(wei)繁(fan)華之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)湮沒而(er)無聞者(zhe),則(ze)可悲(bei)甚(shen)矣。想其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)植此石(shi)(shi)也,必有花木隱(yin)映,池臺依倚,歌童與舞女(nv)流連,游(you)客偕騷人嘯(xiao)詠。林(lin)壑交美,煙(yan)霞有主,不(bu)(bu)亦游(you)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂(le)乎?今皆不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)化為(wei)何物矣。且并頹垣廢井、荒涂舊址之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)跡,一(yi)(yi)無可存而(er)考之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),獨茲石(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頹乎臥(wo)于(yu)湖側(ce),不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)幾百年也,而(er)今出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)亦悲(bei)哉!
雖然,當夫流波之(zhi)沖激而(er)(er)(er)奔排,魚蝦之(zhi)游泳而(er)(er)(er)窟(ku)穴,秋風吹(chui)蘆花之(zhi)瑟瑟,寒宵唳(li)征雁之(zhi)嘹嘹,槍煙白露,蒹葭(jia)無(wu)際,釣艇漁帆,吹(chui)橫(heng)笛而(er)(er)(er)出沒(mei);萍鈿荇帶,雜(za)黛螺而(er)(er)(er)縈覆,則(ze)此石之(zhi)存于天地(di)之(zhi)間也,其殆與(yu)湖(hu)之(zhi)水冷(leng)落于無(wu)窮已(yi)耶?今(jin)(jin)乃(nai)一旦羅之(zhi)于庭,復使壘(lei)之(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)為(wei)山,蔭(yin)之(zhi)以茂樹,披之(zhi)以蒼(cang)苔,雜(za)紅英之(zhi)璀璨,紛素蕊(rui)之(zhi)芬芳(fang),細草春碧,明月(yue)秋朗(lang),翠微繚繞于其巔,飛(fei)花點綴于其巖。乃(nai)至(zhi)楹檻之(zhi)間,登高臺而(er)(er)(er)送(song)歸云;窗軒之(zhi)際,照遐景(jing)而(er)(er)(er)生清(qing)風。回思昔之(zhi)嘯詠(yong),流連(lian)游觀之(zhi)樂者,不(bu)又(you)復見之(zhi)于今(jin)(jin)乎?則(ze)是石之(zhi)沈于水者可悲(bei),今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)遇而(er)(er)(er)出之(zhi)者,又(you)可喜也。若使水不(bu)落,潮不(bu)涸,則(ze)至(zhi)今(jin)(jin)猶(you)埋(mai)于層波之(zhi)間耳。石固亦有時也哉(zai)!
注釋:
汾(fen)湖(hu):在江蘇省吳江縣東南。湄:指湖(hu)的(de)岸邊,水與草交接的(de)地方。袤尺:指長(chang)短尺寸。崟(yín)然:石頭高聳的(de)樣(yang)子。嘹嘹:形(xing)容雁鳴的(de)聲(sheng)音,響亮而(er)悠(you)長(chang)。