葉小鸞(1616~1632) 明末才女。字(zi)瓊章(zhang),一字(zi)瑤期,吳江(jiang)(今(jin)屬江(jiang)蘇蘇州(zhou))人,文(wen)學家葉紹(shao)袁(yuan)、沈宜修(xiu)幼女。貌(mao)姣好,工詩,善圍(wei)棋及(ji)琴,又(you)能畫,繪山水及(ji)落花(hua)飛碟,皆有(you)(you)韻致,將嫁而卒,有(you)(you)集名(ming)《返生香》。
父(fu)葉紹袁(yuan),天(tian)啟進士,官(guan)工(gong)部(bu)主事(shi);母(mu)沈(shen)宜修,字宛君,均工(gong)詩詞,偕隱分湖。小鸞為(wei)沈(shen)宜修的第三個女兒,剛出生(sheng)時(shi),宜修念及(ji)家貧乏(fa)乳(ru)也念及(ji)表妹張倩倩子女俱亡,將小鸞送予沈(shen)自征、張倩倩撫養(yang)。小鸞靈慧早熟(shu),工(gong)于詩律。“三四(si)歲(sui),口授《萬首唐人(ren)絕句》及(ji)《花間》、《草堂》諸詞,皆朗(lang)然成誦(song),終卷不遺一字。”10歲(sui)時(shi)養(yang)母(mu)去世遂歸葉家,能成妙對(dui),12歲(sui)濃發覆額,體質修長,娟(juan)好如玉人(ren);隨(sui)父(fu)到了金陵,教(jiao)之學詠,遂從此能詩,多佳句。14歲(sui)能弈(yi)棋,16歲(sui)善(shan)彈琴,清(qing)泠可聽(ting)。又擅(shan)繪畫,摹山水(shui),寫(xie)花蝶,書法亦秀勁(jing)。
小鸞(luan)性(xing)格(ge)高(gao)曠,厭(yan)繁華(hua),愛煙霞,通禪理。自恃穎姿,視金錢若污物,淡然無求,而(er)(er)濟楚清(qing)雅,所最喜(xi)矣。能(neng)飲酒,善言笑,瀟灑多(duo)致,高(gao)情(qing)曠達,仁慈寬厚。許配昆山張維魯長子立平為(wei)妻,婚(hun)前五日,未嫁而(er)(er)卒,時年僅(jin)十七歲(虛(xu)歲)。七日入棺(guan),舉體輕盈(ying)。家人咸以為(wei)仙去。其姐(jie)葉(xie)紈紈因妹(mei)逝,歸哭過(guo)哀,病發而(er)(er)死。
葉小鸞(luan)墓在(zai)葉家埭東南一里(li)多(duo)的大(da)富(fu)圩。葉小鸞(luan)歿(mo)于明崇禎五(wu)年(nian)(1632年(nian))十(shi)月十(shi)一日,年(nian)僅(jin)十(shi)七(qi)歲,離婚期只剩(sheng)五(wu)天。
1923年,柳亞子與沈(shen)長(chang)公訪小鸞墓(mu)(mu),并寫(xie)了一首《葉(xie)瓊章墓(mu)(mu)道歌(ge)》,表(biao)示想(xiang)在墓(mu)(mu)地旁種下萬株(zhu)梅花。后來,經柳亞子、葉(xie)楚傖等的提(ti)議及捐(juan)助(zhu),寶(bao)生庵得以恢復原貌。墓(mu)(mu)碑上(shang)“葉(xie)小鸞之墓(mu)(mu)”由葉(xie)氏族長(chang)葉(xie)藜仙(xian)題寫(xie)。
1958年(nian),修建318國道(dao)時墓(mu)(mu)遭到嚴重破壞。1982年(nian)文物普查,發現(xian)了在(zai)(zai)生產隊倉庫的墓(mu)(mu)碑(bei)(bei)。這塊墓(mu)(mu)碑(bei)(bei)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)保存(cun)于張應(ying)春烈士紀念(nian)館。
小鸞有集(ji)名(ming)《返生香》,收詩103首(shou)(shou)、偈1首(shou)(shou)、詞(ci)90首(shou)(shou)、曲1首(shou)(shou)、擬連(lian)珠9首(shou)(shou)、序1篇、偈2篇。
陳維(wei)崧《婦人集》評葉氏三女才(cai)調(diao)以“瓊章尤英徹,如(ru)玉山(shan)之(zhi)映人,詩詞絕有思(si)致”。
胡文(wen)楷《歷代婦女著作考》卷五曰:“七(qi)占及絕句,視姊為勝。詩徐清麗相當,而時有(you)至語(yu)。擬(ni)其態制,正如(ru)花紅雪白,光悅(yue)宜人。而一(yi)語(yu)纏綿,復(fu)耐人尋咀(ju)。驕麗之文(wen),涉筆(bi)便(bian)工。”
王端淑《名媛(yuan)詩緯》說:”詞家(jia)口(kou)頭語,正寫不出(chu),在筆(bi)尖頭;寫得出(chu)便輕松流(liu)麗,淡處見濃,閑處耐想(xiang),足(zu)以(yi)供人(ren)咀味。何必蘇、劉、秦(qin)、柳(liu)始(shi)稱上品?”
陳廷焯《白雨齋詞話》卷(juan)二曰(yue):“葉小鸞詞筆哀艷,不減朱淑真(zhen)。求諸明代作者,尤不易(yi)見(jian)也。”卷(juan)五曰(yue):“閨(gui)秀工為詞者,前有李(li)易(yi)安(an),后則徐湘萍,明末葉小鸞較勝于(yu)朱淑真(zhen),可為李(li)、徐之亞(ya)。”
沈宜修《季女瓊章傳》
女名(ming)小鸞,字瓊(qiong)章,又字瑤期,余(yu)第三(san)女也(ye)。生(sheng)才六(liu)月,即(ji)(ji)撫于君庸舅家。明年春,余(yu)父(fu)自東魯掛冠歸,余(yu)歸寧,值兒周(zhou)歲,頗穎秀。妗(jin)母即(ji)(ji)余(yu)表妹張氏(shi),端麗明智人也(ye),數向余(yu)言,是兒靈慧,后(hou)日當齊班(ban)蔡,姿容亦(yi)非(fei)尋常(chang)比者。
四歲,能誦《離騷》。不數(shu)遍(bian),即能了了。又令識字,他日故以謬戲之(zhi),兒云(yun):“非也,母誤耶?”舅與妗甚(shen)憐愛之(zhi)。十歲歸家,時(shi)初寒(han),清燈(deng)夜(ye)坐,檻(jian)外風(feng)竹瀟(xiao)瀟(xiao),簾(lian)前月明(ming)如晝。余(yu)因語云(yun):“桂(gui)寒(han)清露濕。”兒即應云(yun):“楓冷亂紅凋。”爾時(shi)喜其敏捷,有柳絮因風(feng)之(zhi)思 。悲夫(fu)!豈竟為不壽之(zhi)征乎?
后遭妗母之(zhi)變,舅又久滯燕(yan)都,每言念顧(gu)復之(zhi)情,無(wu)不唏噓(xu)泣下。兒體質姣(jiao)長,十二歲(sui)發(fa)已覆額(e),娟好如玉人(ren)。隨父金陵,覽長干桃葉,教之(zhi)學(xue)詠,遂從此(ci)能詩。今(jin)檢遺篋中,無(wu)復一存,想以(yi)小時(shi)語未(wei)工,兒自棄(qi)去(qu)邪?十四歲(sui)能弈。十六歲(sui)有(you)(you)族姑善琴(qin),略為指教,即通數調,清(qing)泠可聽,嵇康所云“英聲發(fa)越,采采粲(can)粲(can)”也。家(jia)有(you)(you)畫(hua)卷,即能摹寫。今(jin)夏(xia),君牧弟(di)以(yi)畫(hua)扇寄(ji)余,兒仿之(zhi)甚似。又見藤箋上作(zuo)落花(hua)飛蝶,甚有(you)(you)風雅之(zhi)致。但(dan)無(wu)師傳授,又學(xue)未(wei)久, 不能精工耳(er)。
性(xing)高(gao)曠,厭繁華,愛(ai)煙霞,通禪理(li)。自恃穎(ying)姿(zi),嘗言(yan)欲(yu)博盡今(jin)古(gu),為父所(suo)(suo)(suo)鐘(zhong)愛(ai)。然于(yu)姊(zi)妹中,略無恃愛(ai)之(zhi)色。或有所(suo)(suo)(suo)與(yu)(yu),必與(yu)(yu)兩姊(zi)共之(zhi)。然貧士所(suo)(suo)(suo)與(yu)(yu),不(bu)過紙筆書香而已。衣服不(bu)喜新,即今(jin)年春夏來(lai),余制(zhi)羅衫裙幾件,為更其舊者(zhe),竟不(bu)見著。至(zhi)死時檢之(zhi),猶未開折也,其性(xing)儉如此。因結褵(li)將(jiang)近,家貧無所(suo)(suo)(suo)措(cuo)辦,父為百計營貸。兒意甚不(bu)樂,謂荊釵(chai)裙布,貧士之(zhi)常(chang),父何(he)自苦為。然又非纖嗇,視(shi)金錢若浼,淡然無求,而濟楚清雅,所(suo)(suo)(suo)最喜矣(yi)。
兒(er)(er)鬒發素額,修(xiu)眉玉(yu)頰,丹唇皓齒,端(duan)鼻媚靨,明眸善睞,秀色可餐,無(wu)(wu)妖艷之(zhi)(zhi)態,無(wu)(wu)脂粉之(zhi)(zhi)氣。比梅花,覺梅花太瘦;比海棠(tang),覺海棠(tang)少(shao)清。故名為(wei)豐麗,實是(shi)逸韻風生。若(ruo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)有韻致人。不(bu)免輕佻,則又(you)端(duan)嚴(yan)莊靚。總之(zhi)(zhi)王夫(fu)人林下之(zhi)(zhi)風,顧家婦閨房之(zhi)(zhi)秀,兼(jian)有之(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。父(fu)嘗戲(xi)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)兒(er)(er)有絕世之(zhi)(zhi)姿,兒(er)(er)必(bi)慍曰:“女子傾城(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)色,何(he)所(suo)取貴(gui),父(fu)何(he)必(bi)加之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)兒(er)(er)?”己(ji)巳十四歲,與余同過舅(jiu)家,歸時君晦舅(jiu)贈兒(er)(er)詩,有“南國(guo)無(wu)(wu)雙應自(zi)貴(gui),北方獨(du)立(li)詎為(wei)慚,飛去廣寒身似許,比來玉(yu)帳(zhang)貌如甘”之(zhi)(zhi)句(ju),皆(jie)非兒(er)(er)意(yi)中(zhong)所(suo)悅也。一(yi)日曉起,立(li)余床(chuang)前,面(mian)酥(su)未(wei)洗(xi),宿發未(wei)梳(shu),風韻神致,亭亭無(wu)(wu)比。余戲(xi)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“兒(er)(er)嗔人贊(zan)汝色美,今(jin)粗(cu)服(fu)亂頭,尚且如此,真所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)笑笑生芳,步步生妍矣,我見猶(you)憐,未(wei)知畫眉人道汝何(he)如?”悲(bei)夫(fu)!孰意(yi)兒(er)(er)床(chuang)前之(zhi)(zhi)立(li)今(jin)不(bu)復見,夫(fu)婦不(bu)得一(yi)識面(mian)乎!
作(zuo)詩不(bu)喜(xi)作(zuo)艷(yan)語,集(ji)中(zhong)或(huo)有(you)艷(yan)句(ju),是詠物之興,填詞之體,如秦少游、晏小山代閨人為(wei)之耳。如夢(meng)中(zhong)所作(zuo)《鷓(zhe)鴣(gu)天》,此其志也。每日臨王(wang)子敬《洛神賦》,或(huo)懷素草書,不(bu)分寒暑,靜坐(zuo)北窗下,一爐香相對終日。余喚之出(chu)中(zhong)庭,方出(chu),否則默默與琴書為(wei)伴而(er)已。其愛(ai)清幽 恬寂,有(you)過人者。又最不(bu)喜(xi)拘檢,能飲(yin)酒,善言笑,瀟灑多致,高(gao)情(qing)曠達,夷然不(bu)屑(xie)也。
性(xing)仁慈(ci)寬厚。侍女紅于,未曾一加(jia)呵責。識鑒明(ming)達,不(bu)拘今昔間事,言下即了然徹(che)解(jie)。或有所(suo)評論,定出余(yu)之上。余(yu)曰:“汝非我女,我小友也。”
九月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)五日粥后,猶教六弟世(shi)倌暨幼(you)妹小繁讀《楚辭》。即是日,婿家行催妝禮至,而兒即于是夕病矣。于歸(gui)已近(jin),竟成不起之(zhi)疾。十(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)日,父(fu)不得已,許(xu)婿來(lai)就婚,即至房中對兒云(yun):“我已許(xu)彼矣,努力自攝,無(wu)(wu)誤佳期。”兒默(mo)默(mo)然。父(fu)出,即喚紅于問曰(yue):“今日何(he)日 ?”云(yun)十(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)初十(shi)(shi)。兒嘆(tan)曰(yue):“如(ru)此(ci)甚速(su),如(ru)何(he)來(lai)得及。”未(wei)(wei)免以病未(wei)(wei)有(you)起色,婿家催迫為(wei)焦耳。不意至次日天明(ming)(ming),遂有(you)此(ci)慘禍也。聞病者體(ti)重則危,兒雖憊(bei),舉(ju)體(ti)輕便,神氣清爽。臨終略(lve)無(wu)(wu)惛迷之(zhi)色,會(hui)欲起坐,余(yu)恐久病無(wu)(wu)力,不禁(jin)勞動,扶枕余(yu)臂間(jian),星眸炯炯,念(nian)佛之(zhi)聲(sheng),明(ming)(ming)朗清徹,須臾而逝。余(yu)并呼數(shu)聲(sheng),兒已不復聞矣。
初見兒之(zhi)死也,驚悼不(bu)知所出,肝腸裂盡,血淚成枯。后徐(xu)思之(zhi),兒豈(qi)凡骨(gu),若非瑤(yao)島玉女(nv),必靈(ling)鷲之(zhi)侍者(zhe),應是再來人,豈(qi)能久居塵世耶?死后日(ri)夜望其再生,故(gu)至(zhi)七日(ri)方入(ru)殮。雖芳容消瘦已甚,面光猶雪,唇紅如故(gu)。余(yu)含淚書“瓊章”二字臂上,尚柔白(bai)可愛,但(dan)骨(gu)瘦冰冷耳(er),痛(tong)哉!
初,兒輩在(zai)外(wai)塾各(ge)有紙(zhi)記遍,余仿樣以木為之,取其不易損壞。茲九(jiu)月初,兒亦(yi)請作一(yi)(yi)面,手書其上“石徑春風長綠苔”一(yi)(yi)句(ju)。問之,曰:“兒酷愛此語(yu)。”爾(er)時不覺,今(jin)憶(yi)之,乃劉商詩,上句(ju)是“仙人來(lai)往行無(wu)跡”也。豈非(fei)讖乎?兒真仙去無(wu)疑(yi)矣。
十一(yi)月初二夜,五(wu)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)世(shi)儋夢(meng)見兒(er)(er)(er)(er)在一(yi)深松茂柏茅庵中憑幾閱書,幅巾淡服,神色怡暢(chang)。傍有(you)烹茶人(ren),不(bu)許(xu)五(wu)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)入戶,隔窗與語而別。五(wu)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)尚幼,故但(dan)能憶夢(meng)境,不(bu)復憶所語也。五(wu)兒(er)(er)(er)(er)云:“山名亦(yi)恍恍若憶,覺后忘之(zhi)(zhi)。”后數(shu)日,大兒(er)(er)(er)(er)世(shi)佺(quan)。亦(yi)夢(meng)見以松實數(shu)合(he)相遺。余記陳子(zi)昂詩,有(you)“還逢(feng)赤松子(zi),天路坐(zuo)相邀”之(zhi)(zhi)句。兒(er)(er)(er)(er)之(zhi)(zhi)夙慧異常,當果為仙(xian)都邀去耳(er)。或(huo)有(you)譏(ji)余妄(wang)言,效(xiao)古《長(chang)恨歌》之(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)。嗚(wu)呼!愛女(nv)一(yi)死(si),痛腸(chang)難盡,淚(lei)眼追思(si),實實寫(xie)出,豈效(xiao)才人(ren)作小(xiao)說(shuo)欺世(shi)邪?
兒生于丙辰年三月初(chu)八(ba)日(ri)卯時(shi),卒于崇禎壬申年十(shi)月十(shi)一(yi)日(ri)卯時(shi),年十(shi)有七歲(sui)(sui),許字昆山張家,婿(xu)名(ming)立平(ping),長我(wo)女(nv)一(yi)歲(sui)(sui),蚤有文譽,卜于是月十(shi)六(liu)日(ri)成婚,先期五日(ri)而(er)卒,夫婦不及一(yi)相見。余所未(wei)經之(zhi)慘,恐亦世(shi)間未(wei)有之(zhi)事,傷哉痛哉!此肝腸寸碎中略記一(yi)二,不能盡述也。
彭際清《善女人(ren)傳》
字(zi)瓊章,吳(wu)江人,工(gong)(gong)部郎(lang)中(zhong)葉紹袁之(zhi)(zhi)季女(nv)也(ye)(ye)。母沈(shen)氏,名(ming)(ming)宜修(xiu)(xiu),伯姊名(ming)(ming)紈(wan)紈(wan),俱工(gong)(gong)詞(ci)翰。紈(wan)紈(wan)嫁趙(zhao)田袁氏,日誦(song)佛(fo)(fo)經。年二十(shi)三,得(de)疾,危坐(zuo)唱佛(fo)(fo)名(ming)(ming)而(er)逝(shi)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)四歲能誦(song)《楚辭》,十(shi)二歲能詩(shi),稍長能鼓(gu)琴。好臨子(zi)敬《洛神賦》及(ji)《藏真帖》。焚香(xiang)(xiang)宴坐(zuo),灑如(ru)也(ye)(ye)。年十(shi)七字(zi)于張(zhang)生(sheng)(sheng)。行有(you)(you)(you)日矣(yi),俄而(er)有(you)(you)(you)疾,佛(fo)(fo)聲朗然,須臾化去。七日就木,舉體輕(qing)軟(ruan)。事在(zai)崇禎(zhen)五年。吳(wu)門(men)有(you)(you)(you)神降于乩(ji),自言天臺(tai)泐子(zi),在(zai)陳(chen)隋(sui)間為(wei)智者大師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)弟(di)子(zi),已而(er)轉女(nv)人身,墮鬼神道。遇大師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)接引(yin),頓悟宿因,遂(sui)借乩(ji)示現,闡天臺(tai)止(zhi)觀法(fa)門(men)。時(shi)紹袁甚念(nian)(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan),遂(sui)迎泐師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)至家(jia)(jia)。以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)問(wen)(wen)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“此月府(fu)侍(shi)書女(nv)也(ye)(ye),其(qi)名(ming)(ming)寒簧(huang)。”問(wen)(wen)今(jin)在(zai)何(he)處(chu)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“緱(gou)山(shan)仙府(fu)。”問(wen)(wen)可招之(zhi)(zhi)至乎。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)初不(bu)(bu)可,再三請而(er)后許之(zhi)(zhi)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)至,紹袁問(wen)(wen)以(yi)(yi)去來事。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“菩(pu)薩(sa)有(you)(you)(you)變易(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)死,眾生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)分(fen)段生(sheng)(sheng)死,兒(er)猶在(zai)分(fen)段中(zhong)。去時(shi)但見金(jin)童玉(yu)女(nv),建紫金(jin)幢,赤珊(shan)瑚(hu)節,大紅流蘇結(jie)為(wei)臺(tai)閣。赤猊(ni)駕(jia)橋,赤虬驂乘。爾時(shi)殊樂,不(bu)(bu)知苦也(ye)(ye)。”問(wen)(wen)答(da)(da)(da)(da)未竟,師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“無(wu)明緣行,行緣識,識緣名(ming)(ming)色(se)(se),名(ming)(ming)色(se)(se)緣六入,六入緣觸,觸緣受(shou),受(shou)緣愛,愛緣取(qu),取(qu)緣有(you)(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)緣生(sheng)(sheng)。生(sheng)(sheng)緣老死憂悲(bei)苦惱(nao),君諦聽之(zhi)(zhi),我(wo)當(dang)細講。”停乩(ji)良久,師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“善(shan)哉(zai)!割愛第一(yi)(yi)。”小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)作詩(shi)呈師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“弱水安能制毒(du)龍,竿頭一(yi)(yi)轉拜師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功。從(cong)今(jin)別(bie)卻芙蓉(rong)主,永侍(shi)猊(ni)床沐下風。”且(qie)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“愿從(cong)大師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)受(shou)記,不(bu)(bu)復往仙府(fu)矣(yi)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因為(wei)審(shen)戒(jie),問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)殺否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)問(wen)(wen)如(ru)何(he)。答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)呼小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)玉(yu)除花(hua)虱,也(ye)(ye)遣輕(qing)紈(wan)壞蜨衣。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)盜否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。不(bu)(bu)知新綠誰家(jia)(jia)樹,怪(guai)底清(qing)簫(xiao)何(he)處(chu)聲。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)淫(yin)否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。晚鏡偷窺眉曲(qu)曲(qu),春裙親(qin)繡鳥(niao)雙雙。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)妄言否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。自謂(wei)前生(sheng)(sheng)歡喜地,詭云(yun)今(jin)坐(zuo)辯才(cai)天。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)綺(qi)語(yu)否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。團香(xiang)(xiang)制就夫人字(zi),鏤雪裝成幼婦詞(ci)。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)兩舌否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。對月意添愁喜句,拈花(hua)評出短長謠。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)惡(e)口否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。生(sheng)(sheng)怕簾開(kai)譏燕子(zi),為(wei)憐花(hua)謝(xie)罵東風。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)貪否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。經營緗帙成千軸,辛苦鶯花(hua)滿一(yi)(yi)庭。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)嗔否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。怪(guai)他道蘊敲枯硯(yan),薄彼(bi)崔徽撲玉(yu)釵。”問(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)癡否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)。勉棄珠環(huan)收漢玉(yu),戲捐粉盒葬花(hua)魂(hun)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“善(shan)哉(zai)!子(zi)所(suo)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)者,獨綺(qi)語(yu)一(yi)(yi)戒(jie)耳。”遂(sui)與之(zhi)(zhi)戒(jie),名(ming)(ming)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“智斷(duan)(duan)(duan)”。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)問(wen)(wen)何(he)謂(wei)智。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“有(you)(you)(you)道種智,一(yi)(yi)切(qie)智,一(yi)(yi)切(qie)種智。”又問(wen)(wen)何(he)謂(wei)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“斷(duan)(duan)(duan)見思惑,斷(duan)(duan)(duan)塵沙(sha)惑,斷(duan)(duan)(duan)無(wu)明惑。三智應(ying)修(xiu)(xiu),三惑應(ying)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)。菩(pu)薩(sa)有(you)(you)(you)智德,有(you)(you)(you)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)德。智、斷(duan)(duan)(duan)者,菩(pu)薩(sa)之(zhi)(zhi)二德也(ye)(ye)。”小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“菩(pu)薩(sa)以(yi)(yi)無(wu)所(suo)得(de),故得(de)。應(ying)以(yi)(yi)無(wu)所(suo)斷(duan)(duan)(duan),故斷(duan)(duan)(duan)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驚曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“吾不(bu)(bu)敢以(yi)(yi)神仙待子(zi)也(ye)(ye),可謂(wei)迥絕無(wu)際矣(yi)。”遂(sui)字(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“絕際”。其(qi)年秋沈(shen)宜人亦逝(shi)。明年四月,紹袁再邀師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)引(yin)沈(shen)氏及(ji)紈(wan)紈(wan)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)偕至。時(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)無(wu)葉堂,度諸女(nv)人夙有(you)(you)(you)慧(hui)根者,沈(shen)宜人母子(zi)俱從(cong)師(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)修(xiu)(xiu)凈業,注(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)西方。既至,聯吟(yin)古詩(shi)一(yi)(yi)首。紹袁問(wen)(wen):“小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)(luan)在(zai)緱(gou)山(shan),有(you)(you)(you)詩(shi)作否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)(da)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“世法(fa)無(wu)常,念(nian)(nian)念(nian)(nian)滅盡,如(ru)石火水沫,我(wo)寧為(wei)其(qi)動搖(yao)哉(zai)。倘到處(chu)留跡(ji),不(bu)(bu)已勞(lao)乎?”將別(bie),復告父(fu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“父(fu)還(huan)要眼(yan)明手快,倩(qian)種愁苗,乃八獄之(zhi)(zhi)本,一(yi)(yi)刀割絕,立(li)地清(qing)涼(liang)。”遂(sui)去。紹袁敘(xu)其(qi)事,名(ming)(ming)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)《窈(yao)聞(wen)》(出《午夢堂集》)。
【己巳春哭(ku)沈六舅母墓所】
十載(zai)恩(en)難報,重泉哭(ku)不聞。
年年春(chun)草色,腸斷一(yi)孤墳。
【詠梅二首】
堪笑(xiao)西園(yuan)桃(tao)李花,強將脂粉媚春(chun)華(hua)。
疏香(xiang)獨對(dui)枝梢(shao)月,深院朦朧(long)瘦影斜。
傲骨欺霜映碧綺,數竿修竹伴清幽。
年(nian)年(nian)燕子無消(xiao)息,春信誰將寄隴頭(tou)。
【南歌子·秋夜(ye)】
門(men)掩(yan)瑤(yao)琴靜(jing),窗消(xiao)畫卷閑。半庭香(xiang)霧繞(rao)闌干。一(yi)帶淡(dan)煙紅樹、隔樓看。
云散(san)青天瘦,風(feng)來(lai)翠(cui)袖寒。嫦娥眉又小(xiao)檀彎。照(zhao)得滿階花影、只難攀。
【虞美人·看(kan)花】
闌干曲護閑(xian)庭(ting)小,猶恐春寒悄(qiao)。隔墻(qiang)影繞一枝(zhi)紅,卻是杏花消瘦、舊東風。
海(hai)棠睡去梨花褪,欲語(yu)渾難問。只知婀(e)娜共爭妍(yan),不道有(you)人為伊、惜流年。
【虞美人(ren)·殘燈】
深深一點紅光小,薄縷微煙裊(niao)。錦屏斜背漢宮(gong)中,曾照阿(a)嬌金屋(wu)、淚痕濃。
朦朧穗落輕(qing)煙散(san),顧影渾(hun)無(wu)伴。愴然午夜漫凝(ning)思(si),恰似去年秋夜、雨窗(chuang)時。
【汾湖石記】
汾湖(hu)石者(zhe),蓋(gai)得之于汾湖(hu)也(ye)。其時水落而岸高,流涸(he)而崖(ya)出。有(you)人曰:湖(hu)之湄有(you)石焉,累(lei)累(lei)然而多,遂(sui)命舟(zhou)致之。
其(qi)(qi)大小(xiao)圓缺,袤(mao)尺不(bu)一。其(qi)(qi)色(se)則蒼然,其(qi)(qi)狀則崟然,皆可愛(ai)也。詢其(qi)(qi)居旁之(zhi)人,亦(yi)不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)誰(shui)之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)遺(yi)矣(yi)。豈其(qi)(qi)昔(xi)為(wei)(wei)繁華(hua)(hua)之(zhi)所(suo)(suo),以(yi)年(nian)代邈遠,故湮(yin)沒(mei)而(er)(er)無聞耶(ye)?抑(yi)開辟以(yi)來(lai),石固生(sheng)于茲(zi)水者耶(ye)?若其(qi)(qi)生(sheng)于茲(zi)水,今(jin)(jin)不(bu)過遇而(er)(er)出之(zhi)也;若其(qi)(qi)昔(xi)為(wei)(wei)繁華(hua)(hua)之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)湮(yin)沒(mei)而(er)(er)無聞者,則可悲(bei)甚矣(yi)。想其(qi)(qi)人之(zhi)植此(ci)石也,必有花木隱映,池臺依倚,歌童與舞女流連,游客偕騷人嘯(xiao)詠。林(lin)壑交美,煙霞有主,不(bu)亦(yi)游觀之(zhi)樂(le)乎(hu)?今(jin)(jin)皆不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)化為(wei)(wei)何物(wu)矣(yi)。且并頹(tui)(tui)垣廢井、荒(huang)涂舊址之(zhi)跡,一無可存而(er)(er)考之(zhi),獨茲(zi)石之(zhi)頹(tui)(tui)乎(hu)臥于湖(hu)側,不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)幾百年(nian)也,而(er)(er)今(jin)(jin)出之(zhi),不(bu)亦(yi)悲(bei)哉(zai)!
雖然,當(dang)夫流波之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沖激而(er)(er)(er)(er)奔排,魚(yu)蝦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)游泳而(er)(er)(er)(er)窟穴(xue),秋(qiu)(qiu)風吹蘆花之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瑟(se)(se)瑟(se)(se),寒宵唳征雁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘹嘹,槍煙白露,蒹葭無(wu)際(ji),釣艇漁帆,吹橫(heng)笛而(er)(er)(er)(er)出(chu)沒;萍鈿(dian)荇(xing)帶,雜黛螺而(er)(er)(er)(er)縈覆(fu),則(ze)(ze)此石(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)存(cun)于天地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間也(ye)(ye),其(qi)殆(dai)與湖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)冷落于無(wu)窮已(yi)耶?今(jin)乃一旦(dan)羅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于庭(ting),復使壘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)為(wei)山,蔭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以茂樹,披(pi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以蒼苔,雜紅英(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)璀(cui)璨,紛素蕊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)芬芳,細(xi)草春碧,明月秋(qiu)(qiu)朗,翠微繚繞于其(qi)巔,飛(fei)花點綴于其(qi)巖。乃至楹檻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間,登(deng)高臺而(er)(er)(er)(er)送歸云;窗(chuang)軒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際(ji),照遐景而(er)(er)(er)(er)生清風。回思(si)昔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘯(xiao)詠,流連游觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂者(zhe),不(bu)又復見之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于今(jin)乎(hu)?則(ze)(ze)是石(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沈于水(shui)(shui)者(zhe)可悲,今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遇而(er)(er)(er)(er)出(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe),又可喜也(ye)(ye)。若使水(shui)(shui)不(bu)落,潮不(bu)涸,則(ze)(ze)至今(jin)猶埋于層波之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間耳。石(shi)固亦有時也(ye)(ye)哉!
注釋:
汾湖(hu):在江蘇(su)省吳(wu)江縣東南。湄(mei):指湖(hu)的(de)岸邊(bian),水與(yu)草交接的(de)地方(fang)。袤尺:指長短尺寸。崟(yín)然:石(shi)頭高聳的(de)樣子。嘹嘹:形容(rong)雁(yan)鳴的(de)聲音,響亮而悠長。