葉小(xiao)鸞(luan)(1616~1632) 明末才女。字(zi)瓊(qiong)章,一字(zi)瑤期,吳江(jiang)(今屬(shu)江(jiang)蘇蘇州)人(ren),文(wen)學家葉紹袁、沈宜修幼女。貌姣好,工詩,善圍棋(qi)及(ji)琴(qin),又能畫,繪山(shan)水及(ji)落(luo)花飛(fei)碟,皆有韻致,將嫁而卒,有集名《返生香》。
父(fu)葉(xie)紹袁,天啟進士,官(guan)工(gong)部主(zhu)事(shi);母(mu)沈宜(yi)(yi)修(xiu),字宛(wan)君(jun),均(jun)工(gong)詩(shi)詞,偕隱(yin)分湖。小(xiao)鸞為沈宜(yi)(yi)修(xiu)的(de)第(di)三個女(nv)兒,剛出生時,宜(yi)(yi)修(xiu)念及(ji)(ji)家(jia)(jia)貧乏(fa)乳也念及(ji)(ji)表妹張倩倩子(zi)女(nv)俱亡(wang),將小(xiao)鸞送予沈自征、張倩倩撫養。小(xiao)鸞靈慧早熟(shu),工(gong)于詩(shi)律(lv)。“三四(si)歲,口授《萬首唐人(ren)絕句》及(ji)(ji)《花(hua)(hua)間》、《草堂》諸詞,皆(jie)朗然成誦(song),終卷不遺一字。”10歲時養母(mu)去世(shi)遂歸葉(xie)家(jia)(jia),能成妙對,12歲濃發(fa)覆額(e),體質修(xiu)長,娟好(hao)如玉人(ren);隨父(fu)到(dao)了金陵,教之學詠,遂從此能詩(shi),多佳句。14歲能弈棋,16歲善彈琴(qin),清(qing)泠可聽。又擅繪畫,摹山水,寫花(hua)(hua)蝶,書(shu)法亦秀(xiu)勁。
小鸞性格高曠(kuang),厭繁華,愛煙霞,通禪理。自恃(shi)穎姿(zi),視金(jin)錢若(ruo)污物,淡然無求(qiu),而(er)濟(ji)楚(chu)清雅,所最喜矣。能飲(yin)酒,善言(yan)笑(xiao),瀟灑多致,高情曠(kuang)達,仁慈寬厚(hou)。許配昆(kun)山張維魯長子立平為(wei)妻,婚前五日,未嫁而(er)卒,時年(nian)僅(jin)十七(qi)歲(虛歲)。七(qi)日入棺(guan),舉體輕(qing)盈。家(jia)人咸(xian)以為(wei)仙去。其姐葉紈紈因妹逝,歸哭過哀,病發(fa)而(er)死。
葉小鸞(luan)墓在葉家(jia)埭東南一(yi)里多的大富圩。葉小鸞(luan)歿(mo)于明崇(chong)禎五年(nian)(nian)(1632年(nian)(nian))十(shi)(shi)月十(shi)(shi)一(yi)日(ri),年(nian)(nian)僅十(shi)(shi)七(qi)歲(sui),離婚期只(zhi)剩五天。
1923年,柳亞(ya)(ya)子(zi)與(yu)沈長(chang)公(gong)訪小(xiao)鸞墓(mu)(mu),并(bing)寫了一首《葉(xie)(xie)(xie)瓊章墓(mu)(mu)道歌》,表(biao)示想(xiang)在(zai)墓(mu)(mu)地旁(pang)種(zhong)下萬(wan)株梅(mei)花。后(hou)來(lai),經柳亞(ya)(ya)子(zi)、葉(xie)(xie)(xie)楚傖等(deng)的(de)提議及(ji)捐助,寶(bao)生庵得(de)以恢(hui)復原(yuan)貌。墓(mu)(mu)碑(bei)上“葉(xie)(xie)(xie)小(xiao)鸞之墓(mu)(mu)”由葉(xie)(xie)(xie)氏族(zu)長(chang)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)藜仙(xian)題寫。
1958年,修(xiu)建318國(guo)道時墓(mu)(mu)遭到嚴(yan)重(zhong)破(po)壞。1982年文物普查(cha),發現了在(zai)生產(chan)隊倉(cang)庫的墓(mu)(mu)碑(bei)。這(zhe)塊墓(mu)(mu)碑(bei)現在(zai)保存(cun)于張應春烈(lie)士(shi)紀念館。
小鸞(luan)有(you)集(ji)名《返生香》,收詩(shi)103首(shou)、偈(jie)1首(shou)、詞90首(shou)、曲1首(shou)、擬(ni)連珠9首(shou)、序1篇、偈(jie)2篇。
陳維(wei)崧《婦人(ren)集》評葉(xie)氏(shi)三(san)女才(cai)調(diao)以“瓊章(zhang)尤(you)英徹,如玉山之映人(ren),詩詞(ci)絕(jue)有思致”。
胡文楷《歷代婦女(nv)著作考》卷五曰:“七占及絕句,視(shi)姊為勝。詩徐清麗相(xiang)當,而(er)時有至語(yu)。擬其態(tai)制,正如(ru)花紅(hong)雪白,光悅(yue)宜人(ren)。而(er)一(yi)語(yu)纏綿,復(fu)耐人(ren)尋咀(ju)。驕麗之文,涉筆便(bian)工。”
王端淑《名媛詩緯(wei)》說:”詞家口頭語(yu),正寫不出,在(zai)筆尖頭;寫得出便輕松(song)流麗,淡處見濃,閑處耐想(xiang),足以供人咀味。何必蘇、劉(liu)、秦、柳(liu)始(shi)稱上品?”
陳(chen)廷焯《白雨齋詞話》卷(juan)二曰:“葉小鸞詞筆哀艷,不減朱淑(shu)真。求諸明代作者,尤(you)不易見也。”卷(juan)五曰:“閨秀工為詞者,前有李(li)易安,后則徐湘萍,明末葉小鸞較勝于(yu)朱淑(shu)真,可為李(li)、徐之亞。”
沈宜修《季女瓊章傳(chuan)》
女名小鸞,字瓊章,又字瑤(yao)期,余(yu)第(di)三女也。生才(cai)六月,即撫于君庸(yong)舅(jiu)家。明年春,余(yu)父(fu)自東(dong)魯(lu)掛冠歸(gui)(gui),余(yu)歸(gui)(gui)寧,值(zhi)兒(er)周(zhou)歲(sui),頗穎(ying)秀。妗母即余(yu)表妹張氏(shi),端麗(li)明智人(ren)也,數(shu)向余(yu)言,是兒(er)靈慧,后(hou)日當齊(qi)班蔡,姿(zi)容亦非(fei)尋常(chang)比(bi)者。
四歲,能(neng)誦《離騷》。不數遍,即(ji)能(neng)了了。又令識字(zi),他日故以謬戲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),兒(er)云(yun)(yun):“非(fei)也,母誤耶?”舅與妗甚憐愛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。十歲歸(gui)家,時(shi)初寒(han),清(qing)燈夜坐,檻外(wai)風(feng)竹瀟(xiao)瀟(xiao),簾前月明如晝。余因語云(yun)(yun):“桂(gui)寒(han)清(qing)露濕。”兒(er)即(ji)應云(yun)(yun):“楓冷亂紅凋(diao)。”爾時(shi)喜其敏捷,有柳(liu)絮因風(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)思(si) 。悲夫!豈竟為不壽(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征(zheng)乎?
后遭妗母之(zhi)(zhi)變(bian),舅又久(jiu)滯燕都,每(mei)言念顧復之(zhi)(zhi)情,無不唏噓泣(qi)下。兒(er)體(ti)質(zhi)姣長(chang),十(shi)二歲(sui)發已覆額(e),娟好(hao)如玉人。隨父金陵,覽長(chang)干桃葉,教之(zhi)(zhi)學詠(yong),遂從此(ci)能詩。今檢遺篋中,無復一(yi)存(cun),想以(yi)小時(shi)語(yu)未工(gong),兒(er)自棄去邪?十(shi)四歲(sui)能弈。十(shi)六歲(sui)有族(zu)姑(gu)善(shan)琴,略為指(zhi)教,即通數調,清(qing)泠可(ke)聽,嵇康(kang)所云“英聲發越,采采粲粲”也。家(jia)有畫卷,即能摹(mo)寫。今夏(xia),君(jun)牧弟以(yi)畫扇(shan)寄余,兒(er)仿之(zhi)(zhi)甚似。又見藤箋上作落花(hua)飛蝶,甚有風雅(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)致。但無師傳授(shou),又學未久(jiu), 不能精(jing)工(gong)耳。
性高曠(kuang),厭(yan)繁華,愛(ai)煙霞,通(tong)禪(chan)理(li)。自恃穎姿,嘗言(yan)欲博盡今古,為(wei)父所(suo)(suo)鐘(zhong)愛(ai)。然(ran)(ran)于姊(zi)(zi)妹(mei)中(zhong),略無(wu)恃愛(ai)之色。或有所(suo)(suo)與(yu),必與(yu)兩(liang)姊(zi)(zi)共(gong)之。然(ran)(ran)貧士所(suo)(suo)與(yu),不過紙(zhi)筆書香而已。衣(yi)服不喜(xi)新(xin),即今年春夏(xia)來,余(yu)制(zhi)羅衫裙(qun)幾件,為(wei)更其(qi)(qi)舊者,竟不見著(zhu)。至死時檢(jian)之,猶未開折也,其(qi)(qi)性儉(jian)如此。因結褵將近(jin),家(jia)貧無(wu)所(suo)(suo)措辦,父為(wei)百(bai)計營貸。兒意甚不樂,謂荊釵裙(qun)布(bu),貧士之常,父何(he)自苦(ku)為(wei)。然(ran)(ran)又非纖(xian)嗇(se),視金錢(qian)若浼,淡(dan)然(ran)(ran)無(wu)求(qiu),而濟楚清(qing)雅(ya),所(suo)(suo)最喜(xi)矣(yi)。
兒(er)鬒發(fa)(fa)素(su)額,修眉玉頰(jia),丹(dan)唇皓(hao)齒(chi),端(duan)鼻媚靨(ye),明(ming)眸善睞,秀色可餐,無(wu)妖(yao)艷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)態,無(wu)脂粉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣。比(bi)(bi)梅花,覺梅花太(tai)瘦(shou);比(bi)(bi)海棠(tang),覺海棠(tang)少清(qing)。故名(ming)為豐(feng)麗,實是逸韻(yun)風生(sheng)。若謂(wei)(wei)有(you)韻(yun)致(zhi)人。不免輕佻,則又(you)端(duan)嚴莊靚。總之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王夫人林下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風,顧家婦閨(gui)房(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秀,兼有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。父(fu)嘗戲謂(wei)(wei)兒(er)有(you)絕世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姿,兒(er)必慍(yun)曰:“女子傾城之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色,何(he)所(suo)(suo)取貴,父(fu)何(he)必加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)兒(er)?”己巳十四歲,與余同過舅(jiu)家,歸時君(jun)晦舅(jiu)贈(zeng)兒(er)詩,有(you)“南國無(wu)雙(shuang)應自貴,北方獨立詎(ju)為慚(can),飛去廣寒(han)身似許,比(bi)(bi)來玉帳貌(mao)如甘(gan)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)句,皆非(fei)兒(er)意中(zhong)所(suo)(suo)悅也。一(yi)日曉起(qi),立余床(chuang)(chuang)前,面酥未洗,宿發(fa)(fa)未梳(shu),風韻(yun)神致(zhi),亭亭無(wu)比(bi)(bi)。余戲謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰:“兒(er)嗔(chen)人贊(zan)汝(ru)色美,今(jin)粗服亂頭,尚且如此,真所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)笑笑生(sheng)芳(fang),步步生(sheng)妍矣,我見猶憐,未知畫(hua)眉人道汝(ru)何(he)如?”悲(bei)夫!孰意兒(er)床(chuang)(chuang)前之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立今(jin)不復見,夫婦不得一(yi)識面乎!
作詩不(bu)(bu)喜(xi)作艷語,集中或有艷句(ju),是詠物之(zhi)(zhi)興,填詞(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)體,如秦少游、晏小山代(dai)閨人為之(zhi)(zhi)耳。如夢(meng)中所作《鷓鴣天》,此其志也。每日(ri)臨(lin)王(wang)子敬《洛神賦》,或懷素草書,不(bu)(bu)分(fen)寒暑,靜坐北窗下,一爐香相(xiang)對(dui)終日(ri)。余喚之(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)中庭,方出(chu)(chu),否則默默與琴書為伴而已。其愛清幽 恬(tian)寂,有過人者。又最不(bu)(bu)喜(xi)拘檢,能飲酒,善言笑(xiao),瀟(xiao)灑多(duo)致(zhi),高情曠達,夷(yi)然不(bu)(bu)屑也。
性(xing)仁慈寬厚。侍(shi)女紅于,未(wei)曾一(yi)加呵責。識(shi)鑒明(ming)達(da),不拘(ju)今昔間事,言下(xia)即了然徹解。或(huo)有所評論(lun),定出余之上。余曰:“汝非(fei)我(wo)(wo)女,我(wo)(wo)小友也。”
九(jiu)月十(shi)(shi)五日(ri)(ri)粥后,猶教六(liu)弟世倌暨(ji)幼(you)妹小(xiao)繁(fan)讀《楚辭》。即(ji)(ji)是日(ri)(ri),婿家行催妝禮至,而兒(er)(er)即(ji)(ji)于(yu)是夕(xi)病矣。于(yu)歸(gui)已近,竟成不(bu)(bu)起之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疾(ji)。十(shi)(shi)月十(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri),父不(bu)(bu)得已,許(xu)婿來(lai)就(jiu)婚(hun),即(ji)(ji)至房(fang)中對兒(er)(er)云:“我已許(xu)彼矣,努力自攝,無(wu)誤(wu)佳期。”兒(er)(er)默默然。父出,即(ji)(ji)喚(huan)紅于(yu)問(wen)曰(yue):“今(jin)日(ri)(ri)何日(ri)(ri) ?”云十(shi)(shi)月初十(shi)(shi)。兒(er)(er)嘆曰(yue):“如(ru)此甚(shen)速(su),如(ru)何來(lai)得及。”未免以病未有起色,婿家催迫為焦耳。不(bu)(bu)意至次日(ri)(ri)天明,遂有此慘禍也。聞(wen)病者體(ti)重則(ze)危,兒(er)(er)雖憊,舉體(ti)輕便,神氣清爽。臨(lin)終(zhong)略無(wu)惛迷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色,會欲起坐,余(yu)恐久病無(wu)力,不(bu)(bu)禁勞動,扶枕(zhen)余(yu)臂間,星眸炯炯,念佛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聲,明朗(lang)清徹,須臾而逝。余(yu)并呼數聲,兒(er)(er)已不(bu)(bu)復聞(wen)矣。
初見兒(er)之(zhi)死也,驚悼(dao)不知所出(chu),肝腸裂盡,血淚成(cheng)枯。后徐(xu)思(si)之(zhi),兒(er)豈凡骨(gu)(gu),若(ruo)非瑤島玉女,必靈鷲之(zhi)侍者,應是再(zai)來人,豈能久居塵世耶?死后日夜望其再(zai)生,故至七(qi)日方入殮(lian)。雖芳容消瘦(shou)已甚,面光猶(you)雪(xue),唇紅如故。余含(han)淚書“瓊章”二字臂上,尚柔白可(ke)愛,但骨(gu)(gu)瘦(shou)冰冷(leng)耳(er),痛哉!
初(chu)(chu),兒輩(bei)在(zai)外塾各有紙記遍,余(yu)仿(fang)樣以木為之,取其不易損壞(huai)。茲九月初(chu)(chu),兒亦請作一面,手(shou)書其上“石徑春風(feng)長綠(lv)苔(tai)”一句。問之,曰(yue):“兒酷愛(ai)此語。”爾(er)時不覺,今(jin)憶之,乃劉商(shang)詩,上句是“仙(xian)人來往行(xing)無跡(ji)”也。豈非(fei)讖乎?兒真仙(xian)去無疑矣。
十一(yi)月(yue)初二夜,五兒(er)(er)世儋夢(meng)見兒(er)(er)在一(yi)深松茂柏茅(mao)庵中憑幾(ji)閱書(shu),幅巾淡服(fu),神(shen)色怡暢。傍有(you)烹(peng)茶(cha)人,不許五兒(er)(er)入(ru)戶,隔窗與語(yu)而別。五兒(er)(er)尚幼,故但能憶(yi)夢(meng)境(jing),不復憶(yi)所語(yu)也。五兒(er)(er)云:“山名亦恍恍若(ruo)憶(yi),覺后忘(wang)之。”后數日,大兒(er)(er)世佺。亦夢(meng)見以(yi)松實(shi)數合相(xiang)遺。余記陳子昂詩,有(you)“還(huan)逢赤(chi)松子,天(tian)路坐相(xiang)邀”之句。兒(er)(er)之夙慧異常,當果(guo)為仙都邀去耳。或有(you)譏余妄言,效古《長恨(hen)歌》之說。嗚(wu)呼!愛女一(yi)死,痛腸難盡,淚眼追(zhui)思,實(shi)實(shi)寫出,豈效才人作小說欺世邪?
兒生于丙(bing)辰年三月(yue)初(chu)八(ba)日(ri)(ri)卯時(shi),卒(zu)于崇禎壬申年十月(yue)十一(yi)日(ri)(ri)卯時(shi),年十有(you)七歲(sui),許字昆山張家,婿名立平,長我(wo)女一(yi)歲(sui),蚤有(you)文譽,卜于是(shi)月(yue)十六日(ri)(ri)成(cheng)婚,先(xian)期五日(ri)(ri)而卒(zu),夫婦不及一(yi)相見。余所未經之慘(can),恐亦世間未有(you)之事,傷哉痛哉!此肝腸寸碎中略(lve)記一(yi)二,不能盡述也。
彭際清《善(shan)女(nv)人傳(chuan)》
字瓊章,吳(wu)江人(ren),工(gong)部郎(lang)中葉紹(shao)(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)季(ji)女(nv)(nv)(nv)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。母沈(shen)(shen)氏(shi),名(ming)(ming)宜修,伯姊名(ming)(ming)紈(wan)(wan)紈(wan)(wan),俱(ju)(ju)工(gong)詞翰。紈(wan)(wan)紈(wan)(wan)嫁趙田袁(yuan)氏(shi),日誦佛(fo)經。年二十三(san),得(de)疾(ji),危(wei)坐唱(chang)佛(fo)名(ming)(ming)而逝。小(xiao)(xiao)鸞四歲能(neng)(neng)誦《楚辭》,十二歲能(neng)(neng)詩(shi),稍長能(neng)(neng)鼓琴。好臨子敬(jing)《洛神(shen)(shen)賦(fu)》及(ji)《藏(zang)真帖(tie)》。焚香宴坐,灑如(ru)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。年十七字于(yu)張生(sheng)。行有日矣,俄而有疾(ji),佛(fo)聲(sheng)朗然,須臾化去(qu)。七日就(jiu)木(mu),舉體輕軟。事在(zai)崇禎(zhen)五(wu)年。吳(wu)門(men)有神(shen)(shen)降(jiang)于(yu)乩,自(zi)言(yan)天(tian)臺(tai)泐子,在(zai)陳隋(sui)間為智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)大(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)弟子,已而轉女(nv)(nv)(nv)人(ren)身,墮鬼神(shen)(shen)道(dao)。遇大(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)接引,頓悟宿因(yin),遂(sui)(sui)借(jie)乩示現,闡天(tian)臺(tai)止觀(guan)法門(men)。時(shi)紹(shao)(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)甚念(nian)(nian)小(xiao)(xiao)鸞,遂(sui)(sui)迎泐師(shi)(shi)(shi)至家(jia)(jia)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)鸞問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“此月府侍書女(nv)(nv)(nv)也(ye)(ye)(ye),其名(ming)(ming)寒簧。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)今在(zai)何處。曰(yue):“緱山仙(xian)府。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)可(ke)(ke)招之(zhi)(zhi)至乎(hu)(hu)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)初不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke),再三(san)請而后(hou)許之(zhi)(zhi)。小(xiao)(xiao)鸞至,紹(shao)(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)去(qu)來事。小(xiao)(xiao)鸞曰(yue):“菩(pu)薩有變易生(sheng)死,眾生(sheng)有分段(duan)生(sheng)死,兒猶在(zai)分段(duan)中。去(qu)時(shi)但見金童玉(yu)女(nv)(nv)(nv),建紫金幢,赤珊瑚節,大(da)(da)紅流(liu)蘇結為臺(tai)閣。赤猊駕橋,赤虬驂(can)乘。爾時(shi)殊樂,不(bu)(bu)知苦(ku)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)答(da)(da)(da)未竟,師(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行,行緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)識,識緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)名(ming)(ming)色,名(ming)(ming)色緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)六(liu)入,六(liu)入緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)觸,觸緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受,受緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)愛(ai),愛(ai)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)取(qu),取(qu)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)有有緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)。生(sheng)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)老死憂悲苦(ku)惱,君諦聽之(zhi)(zhi),我當細講。”停乩良久,師(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“善哉(zai)!割(ge)愛(ai)第(di)一(yi)(yi)。”小(xiao)(xiao)鸞作(zuo)詩(shi)呈師(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“弱水(shui)安能(neng)(neng)制(zhi)(zhi)毒龍,竿頭一(yi)(yi)轉拜師(shi)(shi)(shi)功。從(cong)(cong)今別(bie)卻(que)芙蓉主,永侍猊床(chuang)沐下風(feng)。”且曰(yue):“愿從(cong)(cong)大(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)受記,不(bu)(bu)復(fu)往仙(xian)府矣。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)為審(shen)戒,問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)殺(sha)否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)如(ru)何。答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)呼(hu)小(xiao)(xiao)玉(yu)除(chu)花虱(shi),也(ye)(ye)(ye)遣輕紈(wan)(wan)壞蜨衣。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)盜否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。不(bu)(bu)知新綠誰家(jia)(jia)樹,怪(guai)底清(qing)簫(xiao)何處聲(sheng)。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)淫否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。晚鏡偷窺眉曲曲,春裙親繡鳥雙雙。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)妄言(yan)否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。自(zi)謂(wei)前生(sheng)歡喜(xi)地,詭(gui)云今坐辯(bian)才天(tian)。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)綺語(yu)否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。團香制(zhi)(zhi)就(jiu)夫(fu)人(ren)字,鏤雪裝成幼(you)婦詞。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)兩舌否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。對月意(yi)添愁(chou)喜(xi)句,拈(nian)花評出(chu)短長謠。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)惡口否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。生(sheng)怕(pa)簾開譏燕子,為憐花謝罵東風(feng)。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)貪否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。經營緗帙成千(qian)軸,辛(xin)苦(ku)鶯花滿一(yi)(yi)庭。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)嗔否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。怪(guai)他道(dao)蘊敲枯硯,薄彼崔徽撲玉(yu)釵。”問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)癡否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da):“曾(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。勉棄(qi)珠環收漢玉(yu),戲捐粉盒葬花魂。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“善哉(zai)!子所(suo)(suo)犯(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)者(zhe),獨(du)綺語(yu)一(yi)(yi)戒耳。”遂(sui)(sui)與之(zhi)(zhi)戒,名(ming)(ming)曰(yue)“智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斷(duan)”。小(xiao)(xiao)鸞問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)何謂(wei)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“有道(dao)種(zhong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),一(yi)(yi)切智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),一(yi)(yi)切種(zhong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)何謂(wei)斷(duan)。師(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“斷(duan)見思惑(huo),斷(duan)塵沙(sha)惑(huo),斷(duan)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)惑(huo)。三(san)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)修,三(san)惑(huo)應(ying)斷(duan)。菩(pu)薩有智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德,有斷(duan)德。智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、斷(duan)者(zhe),菩(pu)薩之(zhi)(zhi)二德也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”小(xiao)(xiao)鸞曰(yue):“菩(pu)薩以(yi)(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)得(de),故得(de)。應(ying)以(yi)(yi)(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)斷(duan),故斷(duan)。”師(shi)(shi)(shi)驚曰(yue):“吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)敢(gan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)仙(xian)待(dai)子也(ye)(ye)(ye),可(ke)(ke)謂(wei)迥絕(jue)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)際(ji)矣。”遂(sui)(sui)字之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)“絕(jue)際(ji)”。其年秋(qiu)沈(shen)(shen)宜人(ren)亦逝。明(ming)年四月,紹(shao)(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)再邀師(shi)(shi)(shi),師(shi)(shi)(shi)引沈(shen)(shen)氏(shi)及(ji)紈(wan)(wan)紈(wan)(wan)、小(xiao)(xiao)鸞偕至。時(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)開無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)葉堂(tang),度諸女(nv)(nv)(nv)人(ren)夙有慧(hui)根者(zhe),沈(shen)(shen)宜人(ren)母子俱(ju)(ju)從(cong)(cong)師(shi)(shi)(shi)修凈業,注(zhu)生(sheng)西(xi)方。既至,聯(lian)吟古(gu)詩(shi)一(yi)(yi)首。紹(shao)(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):“小(xiao)(xiao)鸞在(zai)緱山,有詩(shi)作(zuo)否(fou)(fou)(fou)。”答(da)(da)(da)曰(yue):“世法無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常,念(nian)(nian)念(nian)(nian)滅盡,如(ru)石火水(shui)沫,我寧為其動搖哉(zai)。倘到處留跡,不(bu)(bu)已勞乎(hu)(hu)?”將別(bie),復(fu)告(gao)父(fu)曰(yue):“父(fu)還要眼(yan)明(ming)手快,倩種(zhong)愁(chou)苗,乃八獄(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)本,一(yi)(yi)刀割(ge)絕(jue),立地清(qing)涼。”遂(sui)(sui)去(qu)。紹(shao)(shao)(shao)袁(yuan)敘(xu)其事,名(ming)(ming)曰(yue)《窈聞》(出(chu)《午(wu)夢堂(tang)集》)。
【己巳春哭沈(shen)六舅(jiu)母墓所】
十載恩(en)難報(bao),重(zhong)泉(quan)哭(ku)不(bu)聞。
年年春草(cao)色,腸斷一孤墳。
【詠梅二首】
堪(kan)笑西園(yuan)桃李花,強將脂粉媚春華。
疏香獨(du)對(dui)枝梢月,深院朦(meng)朧瘦影斜。
傲骨欺霜映碧(bi)綺,數竿修竹(zhu)伴清幽。
年年燕子無消息,春信誰將寄隴頭(tou)。
【南歌子·秋(qiu)夜】
門掩(yan)瑤琴(qin)靜,窗消畫卷閑。半庭香(xiang)霧繞闌干(gan)。一帶淡煙(yan)紅樹(shu)、隔樓看。
云散青天瘦,風(feng)來(lai)翠袖(xiu)寒(han)。嫦娥眉又小檀(tan)彎。照(zhao)得(de)滿階花影、只難攀。
【虞美人·看花】
闌干曲(qu)護閑(xian)庭小,猶恐(kong)春寒悄。隔墻影繞(rao)一枝紅,卻是(shi)杏(xing)花消瘦、舊東風。
海棠睡去梨花褪,欲語渾難問。只(zhi)知婀娜(na)共爭妍,不道有(you)人為伊、惜流年。
【虞美人(ren)·殘燈】
深(shen)深(shen)一點紅光小,薄縷微煙(yan)裊。錦屏斜背(bei)漢宮中,曾照阿嬌金屋、淚痕(hen)濃。
朦朧穗落輕煙散,顧影渾無伴。愴然(ran)午夜漫凝思,恰似(si)去年秋夜、雨(yu)窗(chuang)時。
【汾湖石記】
汾湖(hu)石者(zhe),蓋得之于汾湖(hu)也。其時水落而(er)岸(an)高,流涸而(er)崖(ya)出。有(you)(you)人曰:湖(hu)之湄有(you)(you)石焉,累累然而(er)多,遂命舟致之。
其(qi)大小圓(yuan)缺(que),袤尺(chi)不(bu)(bu)一(yi)。其(qi)色則蒼(cang)然,其(qi)狀則崟然,皆可愛也。詢(xun)其(qi)居旁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),亦不(bu)(bu)知誰(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)遺矣。豈其(qi)昔(xi)為(wei)(wei)繁華之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo),以年(nian)代邈遠,故(gu)湮(yin)沒而(er)無(wu)聞(wen)(wen)耶?抑開辟以來(lai),石(shi)固生于茲水(shui)者(zhe)耶?若其(qi)生于茲水(shui),今不(bu)(bu)過遇(yu)而(er)出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也;若其(qi)昔(xi)為(wei)(wei)繁華之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)湮(yin)沒而(er)無(wu)聞(wen)(wen)者(zhe),則可悲(bei)甚矣。想其(qi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)植此石(shi)也,必有(you)花木隱映,池臺依(yi)倚(yi),歌(ge)童與(yu)舞女流連(lian),游(you)客(ke)偕騷(sao)人(ren)嘯(xiao)詠。林(lin)壑交美,煙(yan)霞有(you)主,不(bu)(bu)亦游(you)觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂乎?今皆不(bu)(bu)知化為(wei)(wei)何物矣。且并頹(tui)垣廢(fei)井、荒涂舊址之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)跡,一(yi)無(wu)可存而(er)考之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),獨茲石(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頹(tui)乎臥于湖側,不(bu)(bu)知其(qi)幾百年(nian)也,而(er)今出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)亦悲(bei)哉!
雖然(ran),當夫流波(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沖激而(er)(er)(er)奔排,魚蝦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)游泳(yong)而(er)(er)(er)窟穴(xue),秋(qiu)(qiu)風吹蘆花之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瑟瑟,寒宵唳征雁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘹(liao)嘹(liao),槍煙白露,蒹葭(jia)無(wu)際,釣艇漁(yu)帆,吹橫笛而(er)(er)(er)出沒(mei);萍鈿荇帶,雜(za)黛(dai)螺而(er)(er)(er)縈(ying)覆(fu),則(ze)此(ci)石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)存于天地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間也(ye),其(qi)殆與湖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水冷落(luo)于無(wu)窮(qiong)已(yi)耶?今(jin)(jin)乃一(yi)旦羅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于庭,復使(shi)(shi)壘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)為山,蔭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)茂樹,披之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)蒼(cang)苔,雜(za)紅英之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)璀璨,紛素蕊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)芬芳,細草春(chun)碧,明月(yue)秋(qiu)(qiu)朗,翠微繚繞于其(qi)巔,飛花點綴于其(qi)巖(yan)。乃至(zhi)楹(ying)檻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間,登高臺(tai)而(er)(er)(er)送歸云;窗軒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際,照遐景而(er)(er)(er)生清風。回思昔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘯詠,流連游觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樂者(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)又復見之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于今(jin)(jin)乎?則(ze)是石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)沈于水者(zhe)(zhe)可悲,今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遇而(er)(er)(er)出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),又可喜也(ye)。若(ruo)使(shi)(shi)水不(bu)落(luo),潮不(bu)涸,則(ze)至(zhi)今(jin)(jin)猶埋(mai)于層波(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間耳。石固亦有時也(ye)哉!
注釋:
汾湖:在江蘇省(sheng)吳江縣東南。湄(mei):指湖的(de)岸邊,水與草交接的(de)地方(fang)。袤(mao)尺:指長短尺寸(cun)。崟(yín)然:石(shi)頭(tou)高聳的(de)樣子。嘹(liao)嘹(liao):形容雁鳴的(de)聲音,響亮而悠(you)長。