宋(song)文公，子姓，宋(song)氏，名鮑(bao)(bao)（一(yi)作鮑(bao)(bao)革(ge)），亦稱公子鮑(bao)(bao)或公子鮑(bao)(bao)革(ge)，宋(song)成公之子，宋(song)昭公的(de)弟(di)弟(di)。
公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)鮑為(wei)人(ren)(ren)賢明，對(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)以禮(li)相待，當時宋(song)(song)國(guo)(guo)(guo)發生饑(ji)荒(huang)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)鮑把糧食(shi)全部拿出來施舍。對(dui)年紀在(zai)七(qi)十歲以上的(de)，沒(mei)有(you)不(bu)送東西(xi)的(de)，還按(an)時令加送珍貴食(shi)品。沒(mei)有(you)一天不(bu)進出六卿的(de)大門。對(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內有(you)才能的(de)人(ren)(ren)，沒(mei)有(you)不(bu)加事奉的(de)；對(dui)親(qin)屬中(zhong)從宋(song)(song)桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)以下的(de)子(zi)孫，沒(mei)有(you)不(bu)加周(zhou)濟的(de)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)鮑長得(de)漂亮而且艷(yan)麗，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)鮑祖父宋(song)(song)襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)（周(zhou)襄(xiang)王之(zhi)姐）想和他(ta)私通(tong)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)鮑不(bu)肯，襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)就幫助他(ta)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)中(zhong)廣施恩惠(hui)。宋(song)(song)昭公(gong)(gong)(gong)無道，宋(song)(song)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)都(dou)不(bu)親(qin)附宋(song)(song)昭公(gong)(gong)(gong)，宋(song)(song)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)由于襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)的(de)關系而擁護公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)鮑。
宋昭(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)九年(nian)（公(gong)(gong)(gong)元前611年(nian)），當時(shi)，華(hua)元擔(dan)任(ren)右師(shi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)友擔(dan)任(ren)左(zuo)師(shi)，華(hua)耦(ou)擔(dan)任(ren)司(si)馬、鱗鱹擔(dan)任(ren)司(si)徒，蕩(dang)(dang)意諸(zhu)(zhu)擔(dan)任(ren)司(si)城(cheng)(cheng)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)朝擔(dan)任(ren)司(si)寇。當初，司(si)城(cheng)(cheng)蕩(dang)(dang)去世，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)壽辭掉(diao)司(si)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)官職(zhi)，請求讓(rang)蕩(dang)(dang)意諸(zhu)(zhu)擔(dan)任(ren)。后(hou)來告訴(su)(su)別人(ren)(ren)(ren)說：“國君(jun)無(wu)道，我的(de)官位接(jie)近國君(jun)，很怕禍患引到(dao)身上。如果丟掉(diao)官職(zhi)不干，家族就(jiu)無(wu)所庇護。兒(er)子(zi)(zi)，是(shi)我的(de)代表(biao)，姑(gu)且讓(rang)我晚點死去。這樣，雖(sui)然喪失(shi)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)，還不致于(yu)喪失(shi)家族。”不久(jiu)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，襄公(gong)(gong)(gong)夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)準備讓(rang)宋昭(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)在孟諸(zhu)(zhu)（今河南商丘(qiu)東北）打獵而(er)(er)(er)乘機殺死他(ta)。宋昭(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)得知后(hou)，帶上全(quan)部珍(zhen)寶出行(xing)(xing)。蕩(dang)(dang)意諸(zhu)(zhu)說：“何(he)不到(dao)諸(zhu)(zhu)侯那里去？”宋昭(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)說：“得不到(dao)自己的(de)大(da)夫甚至(zhi)君(jun)祖母以(yi)(yi)及(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)信任(ren)，諸(zhu)(zhu)侯誰肯接(jie)納我？而(er)(er)(er)且已經做了別人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)君(jun)主(zhu)，再(zai)做別人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)臣下，不如死了好。”魯(lu)昭(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)把他(ta)的(de)珍(zhen)寶全(quan)部賜給左(zuo)右隨行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員，而(er)(er)(er)讓(rang)他(ta)們離去。襄公(gong)(gong)(gong)夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)派(pai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)告訴(su)(su)蕩(dang)(dang)意諸(zhu)(zhu)離開(kai)宋昭(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)，蕩(dang)(dang)意諸(zhu)(zhu)回答說：“做他(ta)的(de)臣下，而(er)(er)(er)又(you)逃避他(ta)的(de)禍難(nan)，怎么能事奉(feng)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)的(de)國君(jun)呢？”
宋(song)(song)昭(zhao)公(gong)(gong)九(jiu)年（公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前611年）十(shi)一月二(er)十(shi)二(er)日，宋(song)(song)昭(zhao)公(gong)(gong)準備去孟諸打獵(lie)，沒有到達，襄公(gong)(gong)夫人(ren)派遣帥甸（《史記》作衛伯(bo)）進(jin)攻并殺死(si)宋(song)(song)昭(zhao)公(gong)(gong)，于(yu)是公(gong)(gong)子鮑繼位(wei)，是為宋(song)(song)文公(gong)(gong)。
宋文公(gong)元年(nian)（公(gong)元前610年(nian)）春天，晉國(guo)荀(xun)林父(fu)、衛國(guo)孔達、陳國(guo)公(gong)孫寧、鄭國(guo)石楚聯軍攻打宋國(guo)，譴責宋國(guo)人殺(sha)害宋昭公(gong)。得知宋文公(gong)繼位(wei)的消息后，便承認宋文公(gong)繼位(wei)的合法性，于是(shi)撤(che)兵離(li)去。
宋(song)(song)(song)文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)二年（公(gong)(gong)(gong)元前609年），宋(song)(song)(song)武公(gong)(gong)(gong)、宋(song)(song)(song)穆公(gong)(gong)(gong)、宋(song)(song)(song)戴公(gong)(gong)(gong)、宋(song)(song)(song)莊公(gong)(gong)(gong)、宋(song)(song)(song)桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)族(zu)人帶領宋(song)(song)(song)昭公(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，準(zhun)備擁奉宋(song)(song)(song)文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)同母弟(di)司(si)(si)城(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)須來發動叛亂，同年十二月(yue)，宋(song)(song)(song)文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)殺死公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)須和宋(song)(song)(song)昭公(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，讓宋(song)(song)(song)戴公(gong)(gong)(gong)、宋(song)(song)(song)莊公(gong)(gong)(gong)、宋(song)(song)(song)桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)族(zu)人在司(si)(si)馬(ma)子(zi)(zi)(zi)伯的(de)賓館里攻(gong)打宋(song)(song)(song)武公(gong)(gong)(gong)族(zu)人，于是就把宋(song)(song)(song)武公(gong)(gong)(gong)、宋(song)(song)(song)穆公(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)族(zu)人驅逐出境，派遣公(gong)(gong)(gong)孫師擔任(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)城(cheng)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)朝(chao)去世，宋(song)(song)(song)文(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)派樂(le)呂擔任(ren)(ren)司(si)(si)寇，來安定國內的(de)人心。
宋文公(gong)四年（公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)606年）春天，鄭國(guo)(guo)公(gong)子歸生接受楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)命令攻打宋國(guo)(guo)。宋文公(gong)派華元(yuan)、樂呂(lv)(lv)帶兵抵(di)御。二(er)月初(chu)十(shi)(shi)日，雙方在大棘開戰(zhan)(zhan)，宋軍大敗。鄭軍俘虜華元(yuan)，得到樂呂(lv)(lv)的尸首，繳獲戰(zhan)(zhan)車(che)四百六十(shi)(shi)輛，俘虜二(er)百五十(shi)(shi)人，割下一百名宋軍陣亡士兵的耳朵(duo)。
華(hua)元(yuan)準備與鄭軍(jun)(jun)開(kai)戰時，殺羊(yang)犒賞(shang)士兵，他的(de)車夫羊(yang)斟沒有吃到羊(yang)肉羹汁，所(suo)以怨恨華(hua)元(yuan)。等(deng)到兩軍(jun)(jun)交(jiao)戰，羊(yang)斟說：“前(qian)天的(de)羊(yang)，是你作主(zhu)；今(jin)天的(de)打仗，是我作主(zhu)。”就驅車沖進(jin)鄭軍(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)中，因(yin)此宋軍(jun)(jun)戰敗，鄭軍(jun)(jun)得以活(huo)捉華(hua)元(yuan)。
宋(song)文公用一百(bai)輛戰車(che)、四百(bai)匹毛色漂亮的良(liang)馬，從鄭國(guo)(guo)贖回(hui)(hui)華元。戰車(che)和良(liang)馬還沒全部送到鄭國(guo)(guo)，華元就自己逃回(hui)(hui)了(le)宋(song)國(guo)(guo)。
宋(song)文公五年(nian)（公元前605年(nian)），宋(song)武公、宋(song)穆(mu)公的族(zu)人用曹國的軍隊攻打宋(song)國。同(tong)年(nian)秋天，宋(song)文公派軍隊包圍曹國，以(yi)報復宋(song)武公等族(zu)人的叛亂。
宋(song)文公十一年(nian)（公元前600年(nian)）冬天(tian)，宋(song)文公乘滕(teng)國有喪事(shi)之機，派兵包圍滕(teng)國。
宋文(wen)公十二年（公元前(qian)599年），滕國(guo)人依靠(kao)晉(jin)國(guo)而不事奉宋國(guo)。同年六月，宋文(wen)公再(zai)度派兵進攻(gong)滕國(guo)。
宋(song)(song)文公十五年(nian)（公元前597年(nian)）夏(xia)天，楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)楚(chu)莊(zhuang)王因(yin)宋(song)(song)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)曾救援蕭國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，于是派兵進攻宋(song)(song)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。
宋(song)文(wen)公十(shi)六年（公元前(qian)596年），楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)使(shi)者經過(guo)宋(song)國(guo)(guo)，宋(song)國(guo)(guo)與(yu)楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)有舊仇，便抓住楚(chu)國(guo)(guo)使(shi)者。同年九(jiu)月，楚(chu)莊王(wang)圍攻宋(song)國(guo)(guo)。
宋文公(gong)十七年（公(gong)元前595年），因(yin)楚軍包圍(wei)宋國(guo)(guo)五(wu)個月不解圍(wei)，宋國(guo)(guo)都城中沒有糧食，岌岌可危，于是宋文公(gong)派樂嬰齊到晉國(guo)(guo)求救(jiu)。晉國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)君晉景公(gong)本想(xiang)救(jiu)援(yuan)宋國(guo)(guo)，但采納大臣伯宗的建議，就停止發兵援(yuan)救(jiu)宋國(guo)(guo)，只是派遣解揚(yang)到宋國(guo)(guo)去，讓宋國(guo)(guo)不要投降楚國(guo)(guo)。
宋(song)文公十(shi)七年(nian)（公元(yuan)前595年(nian)）五月(yue)，楚(chu)(chu)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)王(wang)準備撤軍，但在(zai)申犀、申叔勸阻(zu)下(xia)楚(chu)(chu)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)王(wang)沒有(you)撤軍，反(fan)而采納(na)申叔的(de)計策，讓人在(zai)宋(song)國(guo)建房(fang)子(zi)、種田。宋(song)文公害怕，派華(hua)元(yuan)在(zai)夜里進入楚(chu)(chu)軍營見楚(chu)(chu)將子(zi)反(fan)，子(zi)反(fan)告訴楚(chu)(chu)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)王(wang)。楚(chu)(chu)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)王(wang)問：“城中情況(kuang)怎樣？”華(hua)元(yuan)說：“劈開人骨(gu)頭當柴燒，互相交換子(zi)女(nv)來(lai)烹食。”楚(chu)(chu)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)王(wang)說：“多誠(cheng)實(shi)的(de)話啊！我軍也(ye)只(zhi)有(you)兩天的(de)軍糧。”因為華(hua)元(yuan)的(de)誠(cheng)實(shi)，楚(chu)(chu)國(guo)終于罷兵解圍而去。
宋文公二十二年（公元前589年）八月，宋文公去(qu)世，其子宋共公繼(ji)位。
巧笑倩兮 
