主要保護對(dui)象為紅樹林濕(shi)地(di)(di)、獼猴(hou)、鳥(niao)類及海(hai)島(dao)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing),是研究濕(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)系統、候鳥(niao)以(yi)及獼猴(hou)原(yuan)生(sheng)地(di)(di)和發展史(shi)的重要基地(di)(di)。
淇(qi)澳紅(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)保護(hu)區內(nei)擁有維(wei)管(guan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)165科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)470屬(shu)(shu)695種(zhong)(zhong)(野生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)140科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)398屬(shu)(shu)556種(zhong)(zhong),栽培植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)65科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)106屬(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong))。在野生(sheng)(sheng)維(wei)管(guan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong),其中(zhong)蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)19科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)28屬(shu)(shu)39種(zhong)(zhong);裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong),被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)118科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)367屬(shu)(shu)513種(zhong)(zhong)。其中(zhong)紅(hong)樹(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)達10科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)13屬(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)現有紅(hong)樹(shu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)83.3%、86.7%和55.6%;半(ban)紅(hong)樹(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)達7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)9種(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)現有半(ban)紅(hong)樹(shu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)77.8%、90%和90%;紅(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)伴生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)為11科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)紅(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)伴生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)73.3%、71.4%和68.2%。
擔桿(gan)島(dao)獼猴保護區內擁有維管(guan)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)438種(zhong)(zhong)(含9變種(zhong)(zhong)),分(fen)(fen)隸320屬123科。其中蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)22種(zhong)(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸18屬17科;裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸5屬5科;雙子葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)342種(zhong)(zhong)8變種(zhong)(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸250屬86科;單(dan)子葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)58種(zhong)(zhong)1變種(zhong)(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸47屬15科。屬國(guo)家(jia)3級(ji)重點保護植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有土沉香(xiang)、吊皮錐和白桂木三種(zhong)(zhong)。
淇(qi)澳島:區內擁有底棲動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)103種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸(li)屬(shu)5綱,14目(mu)48科(ke);魚(yu)類90種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸(li)屬(shu)10目(mu),41科(ke);陸生(sheng)脊(ji)椎(zhui)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)154種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含兩(liang)棲動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),爬行動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鳥類99種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),哺乳動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))隸(li)屬(shu)25目(mu),58科(ke)。屬(shu)國家重點(dian)保護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(珍稀瀕危動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu))15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占廣東省珍稀瀕危動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)總數(117種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))的(de)12.8%,其中(zhong)國家一級重點(dian)保護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)有1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),二(er)級重點(dian)保護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
擔桿(gan)島:區(qu)內擁有野生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)85種(zhong)(zhong),分隸34科、19目。其中(zhong)獸類10種(zhong)(zhong);鳥類60種(zhong)(zhong);爬(pa)行類10種(zhong)(zhong);兩棲類5種(zhong)(zhong)。屬國家1級重(zhong)點保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)有蟒蛇1種(zhong)(zhong);國家2級保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)獼猴、穿山甲、松雀(que)鷹、雀(que)鷹、鳶、褐翅(chi)鴉鵑、長耳鸮和虎紋蛙等9種(zhong)(zhong)。
淇澳(ao)島紅樹林自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu),位于(yu)廣東(dong)(dong)省珠海(hai)市(shi)淇澳(ao)島西(xi)北(bei)部,地理位置居(ju)于(yu)東(dong)(dong)經113°36′40〞~113°39′15〞,北(bei)緯22°23′40〞~22°27′38〞之間,東(dong)(dong)南、西(xi)南與(yu)(yu)該(gai)島大澳(ao)圍、東(dong)(dong)涌、西(xi)涌、石井(jing)灣(wan)接壤,西(xi)北(bei)及東(dong)(dong)北(bei)與(yu)(yu)中山(shan)、深圳、香(xiang)港隔海(hai)相望(wang),總面積5103.77公(gong)頃。
擔桿島自然保護區,位(wei)于(yu)珠(zhu)江入海中(zhong),北(bei)(bei)距香港、深圳分(fen)別為(wei)20km和(he)78km,西(xi)北(bei)(bei)距澳門、珠(zhu)海分(fen)別為(wei)72km和(he)74km。地理(li)位(wei)置在東經114°07′~114°19′,北(bei)(bei)緯21°58′~22°04′。包括(kuo)擔桿島、二(er)洲島,總面積2270公(gong)頃(qing)。
1989年11月(yue),廣東省人(ren)民政府批準建立擔桿(gan)島獼猴省級自然保護區。
1990年6月,成(cheng)立(li)珠海市擔(dan)桿島獼猴保護區(qu)管理站,由市綠化委員會管理。
2000年4月,珠(zhu)海(hai)市(shi)人民(min)政府(fu)批準成立“淇澳紅(hong)樹林保護(hu)區”,由淇澳管理(li)區管理(li)。
2002年2月,市林(lin)業局正式接管淇澳紅樹(shu)林(lin)保護(hu)區(qu),擔桿島省級自然保護(hu)區(qu)由市野生動植物保護(hu)管理站接管,盧(lu)海(hai)洋站長(chang)兼管全(quan)面工作。
2004年11月,廣東(dong)省人民(min)政府批(pi)準同意將(jiang)淇澳島(dao)自然(ran)保護(hu)區和擔桿島(dao)省級自然(ran)保護(hu)區合并(bing),建立(li)“珠海淇澳—擔桿島(dao)省級自然(ran)保護(hu)區”。
2006年1月,珠海(hai)淇澳—擔桿島(dao)省(sheng)級自(zi)然保護區管理(li)處籌(chou)建正(zheng)式完成,并獨立辦公。
珠(zhu)海淇澳—擔桿島(dao)省級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)與(yu)中國(guo)(guo)林(lin)科(ke)院熱帶林(lin)業研究(jiu)所(suo)合作申報的國(guo)(guo)家(jia)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)農業科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成果轉化資(zi)金項目《紅(hong)樹林(lin)濕地植被快速恢復技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)應(ying)用示(shi)范》和國(guo)(guo)家(jia)“十一五”科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)攻關項目專項《華南沿海紅(hong)樹林(lin)保護(hu)與(yu)恢復重建(jian)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)試驗示(shi)范》最近已獲(huo)得國(guo)(guo)家(jia)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)批準,項目即(ji)將在淇澳島(dao)紅(hong)樹林(lin)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)全面展(zhan)開。