主要保護對象為(wei)紅樹林濕地、獼猴、鳥類及海島(dao)生(sheng)態環境,是研究濕地生(sheng)態系統、候鳥以(yi)及獼猴原生(sheng)地和發展史的重(zhong)要基地。
淇澳(ao)紅樹(shu)林保護區內擁(yong)有維(wei)管植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)165科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)470屬(shu)(shu)695種(zhong)(zhong)(野生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)140科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)398屬(shu)(shu)556種(zhong)(zhong),栽培植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)65科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)106屬(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong))。在野生維(wei)管植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)中,其(qi)中蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)19科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)28屬(shu)(shu)39種(zhong)(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong),被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)118科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)367屬(shu)(shu)513種(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中紅樹(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)10科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)13屬(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong),分別占中國現有紅樹(shu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的83.3%、86.7%和55.6%;半紅樹(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)9種(zhong)(zhong),分別占中國現有半紅樹(shu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的77.8%、90%和90%;紅樹(shu)林伴生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)為11科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong),分別占中國紅樹(shu)林伴生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的73.3%、71.4%和68.2%。
擔桿島(dao)獼猴(hou)保護區(qu)內擁有(you)維管植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)438種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含(han)9變(bian)(bian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)),分隸(li)(li)(li)320屬(shu)123科(ke)。其中(zhong)蕨類植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸(li)(li)(li)18屬(shu)17科(ke);裸子植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸(li)(li)(li)5屬(shu)5科(ke);雙(shuang)子葉(xie)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)342種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)8變(bian)(bian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸(li)(li)(li)250屬(shu)86科(ke);單子葉(xie)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)58種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1變(bian)(bian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸(li)(li)(li)47屬(shu)15科(ke)。屬(shu)國(guo)家3級重點保護植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)土沉(chen)香、吊(diao)皮錐和白桂木三種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
淇澳(ao)島:區內擁有底(di)棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)103種(zhong)(zhong),隸屬5綱,14目(mu)48科(ke);魚類(lei)90種(zhong)(zhong),隸屬10目(mu),41科(ke);陸生脊椎野(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)154種(zhong)(zhong)(含兩(liang)棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)15種(zhong)(zhong),爬(pa)行(xing)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)27種(zhong)(zhong),鳥類(lei)99種(zhong)(zhong),哺乳動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)13種(zhong)(zhong))隸屬25目(mu),58科(ke)。屬國家重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(珍稀瀕危動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu))15種(zhong)(zhong),占廣東(dong)省珍稀瀕危動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總數(117種(zhong)(zhong))的12.8%,其(qi)中(zhong)國家一級重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有1種(zhong)(zhong),二級重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)14種(zhong)(zhong)。
擔桿島:區內擁有(you)野(ye)生動物(wu)85種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸(li)34科、19目。其中獸類10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);鳥類60種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);爬行類10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);兩棲類5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。屬國家(jia)1級重點保護(hu)動物(wu)有(you)蟒蛇1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);國家(jia)2級保護(hu)動物(wu)獼猴、穿(chuan)山甲、松(song)雀鷹、雀鷹、鳶、褐翅鴉鵑(juan)、長(chang)耳鸮(xiao)和虎紋(wen)蛙等9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
淇(qi)澳島紅樹林自然保護區,位于(yu)(yu)廣東省珠(zhu)海市淇(qi)澳島西(xi)北(bei)(bei)部,地理位置(zhi)居于(yu)(yu)東經(jing)113°36′40〞~113°39′15〞,北(bei)(bei)緯22°23′40〞~22°27′38〞之(zhi)間,東南、西(xi)南與(yu)該島大澳圍、東涌、西(xi)涌、石井灣接壤,西(xi)北(bei)(bei)及(ji)東北(bei)(bei)與(yu)中山、深圳、香(xiang)港隔海相望,總面積5103.77公頃(qing)。
擔桿(gan)(gan)島(dao)自然(ran)保護區,位于珠(zhu)江入海中,北(bei)距香港、深圳分(fen)別(bie)為(wei)20km和78km,西北(bei)距澳門、珠(zhu)海分(fen)別(bie)為(wei)72km和74km。地理位置(zhi)在(zai)東經114°07′~114°19′,北(bei)緯(wei)21°58′~22°04′。包括擔桿(gan)(gan)島(dao)、二洲島(dao),總面積2270公(gong)頃(qing)。
1989年11月,廣(guang)東省人民政府批準建立擔桿島獼猴省級自然(ran)保護區。
1990年6月(yue),成立珠海市擔桿(gan)島獼猴(hou)保護區管理(li)站,由市綠化委(wei)員會管理(li)。
2000年4月(yue),珠海市(shi)人民政(zheng)府批準成(cheng)立“淇澳紅樹林保護(hu)區”,由淇澳管理區管理。
2002年2月,市(shi)林業局(ju)正式接管(guan)淇澳紅樹林保護區,擔桿島省級自然(ran)保護區由(you)市(shi)野生動植物保護管(guan)理站接管(guan),盧海洋(yang)站長兼管(guan)全面工作。
2004年11月,廣(guang)東省(sheng)人民政府批(pi)準同(tong)意(yi)將淇(qi)(qi)澳島(dao)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保護區和擔桿島(dao)省(sheng)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保護區合(he)并,建立“珠海淇(qi)(qi)澳—擔桿島(dao)省(sheng)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保護區”。
2006年1月(yue),珠海淇澳—擔桿島省級自(zi)然保護區管理處籌建(jian)正式完成,并獨立辦公。
珠海淇澳(ao)—擔桿島省級自然保(bao)護區(qu)與中國林(lin)科院熱(re)帶林(lin)業研究所合作申報的國家科技部(bu)農(nong)業科技成果轉化資(zi)金項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目《紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)濕地植被快速恢復技術應用示范》和國家“十一五”科技攻關項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)《華南沿海紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)保(bao)護與恢復重建技術試驗(yan)示范》最近(jin)已獲得國家科技部(bu)批準,項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目即將在淇澳(ao)島紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)保(bao)護區(qu)全面展(zhan)開。