主要保護對象為(wei)紅樹林濕(shi)地、獼(mi)猴、鳥類(lei)及(ji)海島生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing),是研究濕(shi)地生(sheng)態系(xi)統、候鳥以及(ji)獼(mi)猴原生(sheng)地和發(fa)展史的重要基地。
淇澳紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)林(lin)保護區內擁有維管植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)165科(ke)(ke)470屬(shu)695種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(野生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)140科(ke)(ke)398屬(shu)556種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),栽(zai)培(pei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)65科(ke)(ke)106屬(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))。在野生維管植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中,其中蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)19科(ke)(ke)28屬(shu)39種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)3科(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)118科(ke)(ke)367屬(shu)513種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)10科(ke)(ke)13屬(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中國(guo)(guo)現(xian)有紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)科(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的83.3%、86.7%和55.6%;半紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)7科(ke)(ke)9屬(shu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中國(guo)(guo)現(xian)有半紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)科(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的77.8%、90%和90%;紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)林(lin)伴生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)為11科(ke)(ke)15屬(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別占(zhan)中國(guo)(guo)紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)林(lin)伴生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)科(ke)(ke)、屬(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的73.3%、71.4%和68.2%。
擔桿島獼猴保護(hu)區內(nei)擁(yong)有(you)維管植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)438種(zhong)(含9變種(zhong)),分(fen)隸(li)(li)320屬(shu)123科(ke)。其中(zhong)蕨(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)22種(zhong),分(fen)隸(li)(li)18屬(shu)17科(ke);裸(luo)子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)7種(zhong),分(fen)隸(li)(li)5屬(shu)5科(ke);雙(shuang)子葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)342種(zhong)8變種(zhong),分(fen)隸(li)(li)250屬(shu)86科(ke);單子葉(xie)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)58種(zhong)1變種(zhong),分(fen)隸(li)(li)47屬(shu)15科(ke)。屬(shu)國家3級重點保護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)土沉香(xiang)、吊皮錐和白(bai)桂木三種(zhong)。
淇澳島:區內擁有底棲(qi)動(dong)(dong)物103種(zhong),隸(li)(li)(li)屬(shu)(shu)5綱,14目48科(ke);魚(yu)類90種(zhong),隸(li)(li)(li)屬(shu)(shu)10目,41科(ke);陸生脊椎野生動(dong)(dong)物154種(zhong)(含兩棲(qi)動(dong)(dong)物15種(zhong),爬行動(dong)(dong)物27種(zhong),鳥類99種(zhong),哺乳動(dong)(dong)物13種(zhong))隸(li)(li)(li)屬(shu)(shu)25目,58科(ke)。屬(shu)(shu)國家重點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(珍稀(xi)瀕危動(dong)(dong)物)15種(zhong),占(zhan)廣東省珍稀(xi)瀕危動(dong)(dong)物總數(117種(zhong))的12.8%,其中國家一級(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物有1種(zhong),二級(ji)重點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物14種(zhong)。
擔桿島:區內擁有野生動物85種(zhong)(zhong),分(fen)隸34科、19目。其中獸類10種(zhong)(zhong);鳥類60種(zhong)(zhong);爬行類10種(zhong)(zhong);兩(liang)棲(qi)類5種(zhong)(zhong)。屬(shu)國(guo)(guo)家1級重點保護動物有蟒蛇(she)1種(zhong)(zhong);國(guo)(guo)家2級保護動物獼猴、穿(chuan)山甲、松雀鷹(ying)、雀鷹(ying)、鳶、褐(he)翅鴉鵑、長耳鸮和虎(hu)紋蛙等(deng)9種(zhong)(zhong)。
淇澳島紅樹(shu)林自然保(bao)護區,位于廣東(dong)省珠海市淇澳島西(xi)北(bei)部,地理位置(zhi)居于東(dong)經113°36′40〞~113°39′15〞,北(bei)緯22°23′40〞~22°27′38〞之間,東(dong)南(nan)、西(xi)南(nan)與該島大澳圍、東(dong)涌(yong)(yong)、西(xi)涌(yong)(yong)、石井灣接壤,西(xi)北(bei)及(ji)東(dong)北(bei)與中山、深圳(zhen)、香港隔(ge)海相(xiang)望,總面積5103.77公頃。
擔(dan)桿島自然保護(hu)區,位于珠(zhu)江入海(hai)中,北距香(xiang)港(gang)、深圳(zhen)分(fen)別為20km和78km,西北距澳門(men)、珠(zhu)海(hai)分(fen)別為72km和74km。地理(li)位置在東經(jing)114°07′~114°19′,北緯21°58′~22°04′。包(bao)括擔(dan)桿島、二洲島,總面積2270公頃。
1989年11月(yue),廣東省人民政(zheng)府批準建立擔桿島獼猴省級自然保(bao)護區。
1990年6月,成立珠海市擔桿島獼猴保護區管(guan)理(li)站,由(you)市綠化委員會管(guan)理(li)。
2000年4月,珠(zhu)海市人(ren)民政府批準成(cheng)立“淇澳(ao)紅樹(shu)林保護區”,由(you)淇澳(ao)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)區管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。
2002年(nian)2月,市(shi)林業局正(zheng)式接(jie)管(guan)淇澳紅(hong)樹林保(bao)護區,擔桿島省級(ji)自然保(bao)護區由市(shi)野生動植物保(bao)護管(guan)理站(zhan)接(jie)管(guan),盧海洋站(zhan)長兼管(guan)全面工作。
2004年11月,廣(guang)東省(sheng)(sheng)人民政(zheng)府批(pi)準同意(yi)將淇(qi)澳島(dao)自然(ran)保護區和擔(dan)桿島(dao)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)自然(ran)保護區合并,建立“珠海淇(qi)澳—擔(dan)桿島(dao)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)自然(ran)保護區”。
2006年1月,珠(zhu)海(hai)淇澳—擔桿島省級自然保(bao)護(hu)區管(guan)理處籌建正式完成,并獨(du)立(li)辦(ban)公。
珠(zhu)海淇(qi)澳—擔桿(gan)島(dao)省級自然保護(hu)區(qu)與中國(guo)林(lin)科(ke)院熱帶林(lin)業(ye)研究所合作申(shen)報(bao)的國(guo)家科(ke)技(ji)(ji)部農業(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)成果轉(zhuan)化資金(jin)項目(mu)《紅(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)濕地植(zhi)被快速恢復技(ji)(ji)術應用示范》和國(guo)家“十(shi)一五”科(ke)技(ji)(ji)攻(gong)關項目(mu)專項《華南(nan)沿海紅(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)保護(hu)與恢復重建技(ji)(ji)術試驗(yan)示范》最近已獲得國(guo)家科(ke)技(ji)(ji)部批準,項目(mu)即將在淇(qi)澳島(dao)紅(hong)樹(shu)林(lin)保護(hu)區(qu)全面展開。