臨(lin)(lin)海市(shi)東湖(hu)(hu)公(gong)園(yuan)位于臺州(zhou)市(shi)。東湖(hu)(hu)位于臨(lin)(lin)海古城東側,開鑿于北宋年間,原為水(shui)軍舶船屯兵之所。東湖(hu)(hu)總面(mian)積為280畝(mu),分(fen)為三大景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu):湖(hu)(hu)東景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu),湖(hu)(hu)心景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)、后湖(hu)(hu)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)。湖(hu)(hu)東景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)由:伊水(shui)山莊、榮興(xing)堂、臨(lin)(lin)海歷(li)史博物(wu)館、東湖(hu)(hu)碑林(lin)組(zu)成;湖(hu)(hu)心景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)由:湖(hu)(hu)心亭,半勾亭,駱臨(lin)(lin)海祠(ci),樵云閣、逢源亭、樵夫祠(ci)遺址組(zu)成;后湖(hu)(hu)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)由:琪水(shui)園(yuan)、小鑒(jian)湖(hu)(hu)、海礁苑組(zu)成。
前湖(hu)(hu)月堤上“浣月洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”居全湖(hu)(hu)中(zhong)心,后(hou)(hou)稱“樵云(yun)閣”。其(qi)南(nan)又有(you)湖(hu)(hu)中(zhong)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上建有(you)“湖(hu)(hu)心亭(ting)(ting)”。亭(ting)(ting)閣三(san)層,飛檐八出,高瓴流瓦,翹角滴翠,氣(qi)度(du)宏偉,構造(zao)精巧,為全湖(hu)(hu)覽勝之佳(jia)處,古今(jin)游(you)者留下(xia)(xia)頗多詩詞對聯,如“四(si)壁云(yun)山天上下(xia)(xia),一(yi)亭(ting)(ting)風(feng)月水(shui)中(zhong)央”、“四(si)面(mian)軒窗宜小坐,一(yi)湖(hu)(hu)風(feng)月此平分”。九曲湖(hu)(hu)橋東(dong)(dong)側有(you) “半勾亭(ting)(ting)”,單層六(liu)角,以(yi)六(liu)石(shi)柱擎(qing)撐水(shui)中(zhong)。后(hou)(hou)湖(hu)(hu)樵云(yun)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上原有(you)榮祿(lu)祠、文昌閣、逢源(yuan)樓等。今(jin)尚寸逢源(yuan)亭(ting)(ting),長石(shi)平架,護以(yi)欄板.橋孔溝(gou)通東(dong)(dong)后(hou)(hou)湖(hu)(hu)與西后(hou)(hou)湖(hu)(hu)之水(shui),意為左右逢源(yuan)。西后(hou)(hou)湖(hu)(hu)北側又有(you)一(yi)洲(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)渚,廣約0.6公頃,1983年(nian)辟為“兒童(tong)公園”。
臨(lin)海(hai)東(dong)湖公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)是一(yi)個背(bei)山(shan)面(mian)水(shui)(shui)、三(san)面(mian)青山(shan)環抱的山(shan)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing),這同風(feng)水(shui)(shui)思想中的理(li)想環境(jing)是一(yi)致(zhi)的。又如黃(huang)巖(yan)九峰公(gong)(gong)園(yuan),選址在黃(huang)巖(yan)東(dong)郊1.5公(gong)(gong)里處,由文筆、華蓋、靈臺、靈鷲、接引、寶(bao)鼎(ding)、雙(shuang)闕(que)、臥(wo)龍、翠(cui)屏9座山(shan)峰環抱,形成幽深(shen)峽谷(gu)。溪澗潺潺,從中而出;曲折回繞,往外流出。
園基不拘方向(xiang),地勢自有(you)(you)高低;涉門(men)成(cheng)趣,得景隨(sui)形,或傍山林,欲通(tong)河沼,探奇(qi)近郭,遠來往(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)通(tong)衙;選勝落村,藉參差之(zhi)(zhi)深樹。村莊眺野(ye),城市便家。利(li)用天然環(huan)境,且山環(huan)水(shui)繞,幽曲有(you)(you)情,以自然山水(shui)及其空間合為追(zhui)求的理想(xiang)環(huan)境,這與風水(shui)所追(zhui)求的理想(xiang)環(huan)境觀極為一(yi)致。
北宋熙寧四年(1071),臺州郡守錢暄疏淩拓建而成湖,并辟為園林。自松以降,東湖代有淩修,尤其是清康熙十八年(1676)和同治十年(1871),經臺州郡守鮑復秦、劉璈先后兩次修繕之后,規模甚為可觀,成為臺州園林之首。以緊(jin)臨臺州古城墻東側(ce)而得名,原為(wei)城北白云、山宮數溪(xi)匯(hui)合(he)處。宋熙寧四年(nian)(1071),郡守錢暄開(kai)鑿為(wei)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)分前湖(hu)(hu)(hu)和后湖(hu)(hu)(hu),湖(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)有(you)洲渚。洲上多(duo)亭(ting)閣。