威廉斯(si)自(zi)幼學(xue)習鋼琴(qin)與(yu)小提琴(qin),曾(ceng)入(ru)劍橋大學(xue)和(he)(he)(he)皇(huang)家(jia)音(yin)樂(le)(le)院,畢業后當了教堂的(de)琴(qin)手與(yu)合唱指揮。先后從師于(yu)布(bu)魯赫和(he)(he)(he)拉威爾學(xue)作(zuo)曲。第一次(ci)世界大戰(zhan)時入(ru)伍,退役后一直在皇(huang)家(jia)音(yin)樂(le)(le)院任(ren)教。畢生謙遜(xun)地工作(zuo),品格高尚,待(dai)人(ren)真誠(cheng)。深(shen)愛民間音(yin)樂(le)(le),曾(ceng)入(ru)居鄉間收(shou)集民歌(ge),參加農村的(de)節日和(he)(he)(he)音(yin)樂(le)(le)賽會(hui),將(jiang)人(ren)民的(de)音(yin)樂(le)(le)語匯(hui)融入(ru)自(zi)己的(de)創作(zuo),同(tong)時又向都鐸王期的(de)作(zuo)家(jia)和(he)(he)(he)普(pu)塞爾的(de)音(yin)樂(le)(le)吸取養料,逐步形成了自(zi)己的(de)風格。
拉爾夫·沃恩·威(wei)廉斯是屬于(yu)(yu)英(ying)國的,就像小酒吧里擲飛鏢和王宮衛(wei)隊換班是屬于(yu)(yu)英(ying)國的一樣。1872年10月12日誕生于(yu)(yu)格(ge)(ge)羅墨斯特(te)鄔的下安(an)普勒,而后成為(wei)聞名(ming)全世(shi)界的管風(feng)琴演奏者和作曲(qu)家(jia),并特(te)別致力于(yu)(yu)研究(jiu)英(ying)國古樂(le)與民謠,將其轉化為(wei)新的英(ying)格(ge)(ge)蘭風(feng)格(ge)(ge),引導了(le)英(ying)國音(yin)樂(le)廿世(shi)紀的復(fu)興。他的音(yin)樂(le)有(you)英(ying)國式(shi)(shi)的平易、幽默,精力充(chong)沛而不失文(wen)雅的格(ge)(ge)調。沃恩威(wei)廉斯寫過幾乎所(suo)有(you)形式(shi)(shi)的音(yin)樂(le):九首(shou)交響曲(qu)鋼琴、小提琴,甚至豎笛協奏曲(qu)、彌撒曲(qu)、歌劇等等。此(ci)外,在一些很短的曲(qu)子中(zhong),你千萬不要錯過為(wei)小提琴與樂(le)團(tuan)而寫的浪漫曲(qu) (The Lark Ascending) 及綠袖子幻想曲(qu) (Fantasia on "Greensleeves")。
在五十(shi)多年間(jian)寫出來的交響曲(qu)中(zhong),最有名的可(ke)能是稱為(wei)「倫敦」的。這件作品寫于(yu)1913年,是屬于(yu)標題(ti)性的。
Hugh the Drover或Love in the Stocks(1910-20)
Sir John in Love(約翰(han)爵士談(tan)戀(lian)愛1924-28),即(ji)其(qi)創作(zuo)之綠袖子主(zhu)題幻想曲的來源。
The Poisoned Kiss(1927-29,修訂版為1936-37及1956-57)
Riders to the Sea(海上騎士、騎馬入海的人,1925-32),由約翰(han)·米靈頓·辛奇(John Millington Synge)之劇本改篇。
The Pilgrim's Progress(天(tian)路歷程,1909-51),基于約翰·本(ben)仁之托寓(yu)詩(shi)
Old King Cole(大王(wang)科爾,1923)
Job, a masque for dancing(假面舞(wu)劇《約(yue)伯(bo)》,1930)
《海(hai)洋交(jiao)響曲》A Sea Symphony(1903-1909)
《倫敦交響曲》A London Symphony(1913)
《田園交響曲(qu)》A Pastoral Symphony(1921)
f小(xiao)調第(di)4號(hao)交響曲(1931-34)
D大調(diao)第5號交響曲(1938-43)
e小調第6號交響曲(1946-47)
《南極(ji)交響曲》Sinfonia Antartica(1949-52)(基于Scott of the Antarctic這套1948年的(de)電(dian)影)
d小調第(di)8號交(jiao)響曲(1953-55)
e小調第(di)9號交響曲(1956-57)
《在郊野的沼澤上》In the Fen Country(1904)
《第1諾福(fu)克(ke)幻想曲》Norfolk Rhapsody No. 1(1906,1914修訂)
《黃(huang)蜂》The Wasps,阿里斯托芬式組(zu)曲(1909)
《泰利斯主題幻想(xiang)曲》Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis(1910,1913及1919修訂)
《綠(lv)袖子幻想(xiang)曲》Fantasia on "Greensleeves"(1934)
《迪夫與拉沙羅(luo)的(de)五(wu)個變奏(zou)曲(qu)》Five Variants of Dives and Lazarus(1939)
《大協奏曲》Concerto Grosso(1950)
鋼琴
C大(da)調鋼琴協奏曲(1926-31)
雙(shuang)鋼琴(qin)協奏曲(1946,為上(shang)者之(zhi)重制)
小提琴
《云雀高飛》The Lark Ascending,為小提琴(qin)和管(guan)弦樂所作(1914)
《學院協奏曲》Concerto Accademico,為小(xiao)提琴和管弦樂(le)所(suo)作(1924-25)
中提琴
《田野之花(hua)》Flos Campi(中(zhong)提(ti)琴、無詞合(he)唱團、小型樂(le)隊)(1925)
《中(zhong)提琴及小(xiao)型管弦樂套曲(qu)》Suite for Viola and Small Orchestra(1936-38)
雙簧(huang)管協奏曲,a小調,(雙簧(huang)管及弦樂器(qi))(1944)
為鋼琴、合唱團和交(jiao)響樂團所寫的《為詩篇104篇而寫的幻(huan)想曲(qu)(類(lei)近變奏曲(qu))》Fantasia (quasi variazione) on the Old 104th Psalm Tune(1949)
為口琴(qin)及(ji)樂(le)隊所寫的《降(jiang)D大調浪漫曲》Romance in D flat for harmonica and orchestra(1951)(為拉(la)利阿(a)德勒Larry Adler所作)
f小調大號協奏曲(1954)
Toward the Unknown Region, song for chorus and orchestra, setting of Walt Whitman (1906)
Five Mystical Songs for baritone, chorus and orchestra, settings of George Herbert (1911)
Fantasia on Christmas Carols for baritone, chorus, and orchestra (1912; arranged also for reduced orchestra of organ, strings, percussion)
Mass in G小調 for unaccompanied choir (1922)
Sancta Civitas (The Holy City) oratorio, text mainly from the Book of Revelation (1923-25)
Te Deum in G (1928)
Benedicite for soprano, chorus, and orchestra (1929)
In Windsor Forest, adapted from the opera Sir John in Love (1929)
Three Choral Hymns (1929)
Magnificat for contralto, women's chorus, and orchestra (1932)
Five Tudor Portraits for contralto, baritone, chorus, and orchestra (1935)
Dona nobis pacem,沃特(te)·衛(wei)特(te)曼(man)詞及其他(1936)
Festival Te Deum for chorus and orchestra or organ (1937)
Serenade to Music for sixteen solo voices and orchestra, a setting of Shakespeare (1938)
A Song for Thanksgiving (原作(zuo) Thanksgiving for Victory) for narrator, soprano solo, children's chorus, mixed chorus, and orchestra (1944)
An Oxford Elegy for narrator, mixed chorus and small orchestra (1949)
Three Shakespeare Songs ,為SATB沒有伴奏的,用(yong)作英聯邦國家音樂競賽 (The British Federation of Music Festivals National Competitive Festival ,1951)
Hodie, a Christmas oratorio (1954)
Folk songs of the Four Seasons for unaccompanied SSA chorus.
Epithalamion for baritone solo, chorus, flute, piano, and strings (1957)
Numerous hymns, some of which were first published in the English Hymnal of 1906, of which Vaughan Williams was the musical editor, collaborating with Percy Dearmer.
"Linden Lea",歌(1901)
The House of Life (1904)
Songs of Travel (1904)
"The Sky Above The Roof" (1908)
On Wenlock Edge, song cycle for tenor, piano and string quartet (1909)
Along the Field, for tenor and violin
Three Poems by Walt Whitman for baritone and piano (1920)
Four Poems by Fredegond Shove: for baritone and piano (1922)
Four Hymns for Tenor, Viola and Strings (1914)
Merciless Beauty for tenor, two violins, and cello
Four Last Songs (Vaughan Williams)|Four Last Songs to poems of Ursula Vaughan Williams
Ten William Blake|Blake songs, song cycle for high voice and oboe (1957)
c小調弦樂五重奏(小提(ti)琴(qin)、中提(ti)琴(qin)、大提(ti)琴(qin)、低音提(ti)琴(qin)及鋼琴(qin))(1903)
g小調第1弦樂四(si)重奏(1908)
a小調(diao)第2弦樂(le)四(si)重奏(1942-44)
《五重奏幻想曲》Phantasy Quintet(2小提琴、中(zhong)提琴及2大提琴)(1912)
《六首英國民歌練(lian)習曲(qu)》Six Studies in English Folk-Song(大提琴(qin)及鋼琴(qin))(1926)
《三(san)首(shou)以威爾(er)士曲調而寫成(cheng)的前奏曲》Three Preludes on Welsh Hymn Tunes(管風琴)(1956)
為中(zhong)提琴及鋼琴的浪漫曲(qu)(日子(zi)不詳)
Three Preludes on Welsh Hymntunes (Bryn Calfaria, Rhosymedre, Hyfrydol) (1920)
A Wedding Tune for Ann (1943)
Two Organ Preludes (The White Rock, St. David's Day) (1956)
The Old Hundredth Psalm-Tune (?)
49th Parallel, 1940, his first, talked into it by Muir Mathieson to assuage his guilt at being able to do nothing for the war-effort
Coastal Command (film)|Coastal Command, 1942[3]
BBC接納了The Pilgrim's Progress, 1942
The People's Land, 1943
The Story of a Flemish Farm, 1943
Stricken Peninsula, 1945
The Loves of Joanna Godden, 1946
Scott of the Antarctic (1948 film)|Scott of the Antarctic, 1948, partially reused for his Symphony No. 7 Sinfonia Antartica
《英國(guo)民歌(ge)組曲》"English Folk Song Suite"(1923)
Toccata Marziale for military band (1924)
Flourish for Wind Band (1939)
Sea Songs
Overture: Henry V for brass band
Variations for brass band (1957)