威廉斯自(zi)幼學(xue)習鋼琴(qin)與(yu)小提琴(qin),曾(ceng)入(ru)劍橋(qiao)大學(xue)和(he)(he)皇家音(yin)(yin)樂(le)院(yuan),畢業后(hou)當了教堂(tang)的(de)琴(qin)手與(yu)合唱指揮(hui)。先后(hou)從師(shi)于布魯赫和(he)(he)拉威爾(er)學(xue)作(zuo)(zuo)曲。第(di)一次(ci)世(shi)界(jie)大戰時入(ru)伍,退(tui)役(yi)后(hou)一直在皇家音(yin)(yin)樂(le)院(yuan)任(ren)教。畢生謙(qian)遜地工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),品格高尚(shang),待人真誠(cheng)。深愛民(min)(min)間(jian)音(yin)(yin)樂(le),曾(ceng)入(ru)居(ju)鄉間(jian)收集民(min)(min)歌,參加農(nong)村的(de)節日和(he)(he)音(yin)(yin)樂(le)賽(sai)會(hui),將人民(min)(min)的(de)音(yin)(yin)樂(le)語匯融入(ru)自(zi)己的(de)創作(zuo)(zuo),同(tong)時又向都鐸王期的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)家和(he)(he)普塞爾(er)的(de)音(yin)(yin)樂(le)吸取養料,逐步形成了自(zi)己的(de)風格。
拉爾夫·沃(wo)恩(en)·威廉斯(si)是屬于(yu)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de),就像小(xiao)酒吧(ba)里擲飛(fei)鏢和(he)王宮衛隊換班是屬于(yu)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)一樣。1872年(nian)10月12日誕生于(yu)格羅墨斯(si)特(te)鄔的(de)(de)(de)下安普勒,而后(hou)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)聞名全世界的(de)(de)(de)管風(feng)琴(qin)演奏者和(he)作(zuo)曲(qu)(qu)家,并(bing)特(te)別致力(li)于(yu)研究英(ying)國(guo)(guo)古樂(le)(le)與民謠,將其轉化為(wei)(wei)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)英(ying)格蘭風(feng)格,引導了(le)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)音樂(le)(le)廿世紀的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)興(xing)。他的(de)(de)(de)音樂(le)(le)有(you)(you)英(ying)國(guo)(guo)式的(de)(de)(de)平易、幽默,精力(li)充(chong)沛而不失文雅(ya)的(de)(de)(de)格調。沃(wo)恩(en)威廉斯(si)寫(xie)過幾乎所有(you)(you)形式的(de)(de)(de)音樂(le)(le):九首交(jiao)響曲(qu)(qu)鋼琴(qin)、小(xiao)提琴(qin),甚至豎笛協奏曲(qu)(qu)、彌撒(sa)曲(qu)(qu)、歌(ge)劇等(deng)等(deng)。此(ci)外,在一些(xie)很短(duan)的(de)(de)(de)曲(qu)(qu)子(zi)中(zhong),你千萬不要錯過為(wei)(wei)小(xiao)提琴(qin)與樂(le)(le)團而寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)浪漫曲(qu)(qu) (The Lark Ascending) 及(ji)綠袖子(zi)幻想(xiang)曲(qu)(qu) (Fantasia on "Greensleeves")。
在(zai)五十多年間寫(xie)出來的(de)交(jiao)響曲(qu)中,最有名的(de)可能(neng)是稱為「倫敦」的(de)。這(zhe)件作品寫(xie)于(yu)1913年,是屬于(yu)標題(ti)性(xing)的(de)。
Hugh the Drover或Love in the Stocks(1910-20)
Sir John in Love(約翰爵士談戀愛1924-28),即其創(chuang)作(zuo)之綠袖子主題幻想曲的來源(yuan)。
The Poisoned Kiss(1927-29,修(xiu)訂(ding)版(ban)為1936-37及1956-57)
Riders to the Sea(海上(shang)騎(qi)士、騎(qi)馬入海的人(ren),1925-32),由(you)約(yue)翰·米(mi)靈頓·辛奇(John Millington Synge)之劇本改篇。
The Pilgrim's Progress(天路歷程,1909-51),基(ji)于約翰·本仁(ren)之托寓詩
Old King Cole(大(da)王科爾(er),1923)
Job, a masque for dancing(假面舞劇《約伯》,1930)
《海洋交響(xiang)曲》A Sea Symphony(1903-1909)
《倫敦交響曲》A London Symphony(1913)
《田園交響曲》A Pastoral Symphony(1921)
f小調第4號交響曲(1931-34)
D大調第5號交響曲(qu)(1938-43)
e小調(diao)第6號交響曲(1946-47)
《南極交響曲》Sinfonia Antartica(1949-52)(基于Scott of the Antarctic這套1948年的(de)電(dian)影)
d小(xiao)調第8號交響曲(1953-55)
e小調第9號交響曲(1956-57)
《在(zai)郊(jiao)野(ye)的沼澤上》In the Fen Country(1904)
《第1諾福克幻想曲》Norfolk Rhapsody No. 1(1906,1914修(xiu)訂)
《黃蜂》The Wasps,阿里斯托芬式組(zu)曲(qu)(1909)
《泰利(li)斯主(zhu)題幻(huan)想(xiang)曲》Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis(1910,1913及1919修訂)
《綠(lv)袖(xiu)子幻(huan)想(xiang)曲》Fantasia on "Greensleeves"(1934)
《迪夫(fu)與拉沙羅的(de)五個變奏曲》Five Variants of Dives and Lazarus(1939)
《大協奏曲》Concerto Grosso(1950)
鋼琴
C大調鋼琴協奏曲(1926-31)
雙鋼(gang)琴協奏曲(1946,為上者之重制(zhi))
小提琴
《云雀高飛》The Lark Ascending,為小提琴和(he)管弦(xian)樂所作(1914)
《學院協(xie)奏曲》Concerto Accademico,為小提琴和管(guan)弦樂所作(1924-25)
中提琴
《田(tian)野(ye)之花》Flos Campi(中提琴、無詞合唱(chang)團、小型樂(le)隊(dui))(1925)
《中提(ti)琴(qin)及小型管(guan)弦(xian)樂套曲》Suite for Viola and Small Orchestra(1936-38)
雙(shuang)簧(huang)管協奏曲,a小調(diao),(雙(shuang)簧(huang)管及弦樂(le)器)(1944)
為(wei)鋼琴、合(he)唱團和交響樂團所寫的(de)《為(wei)詩篇(pian)104篇(pian)而寫的(de)幻(huan)想(xiang)曲(qu)(類近變奏曲(qu))》Fantasia (quasi variazione) on the Old 104th Psalm Tune(1949)
為口琴及樂隊所寫的《降D大調浪漫曲(qu)》Romance in D flat for harmonica and orchestra(1951)(為拉利阿(a)德(de)勒(le)Larry Adler所作)
f小(xiao)調大號(hao)協奏曲(1954)
Toward the Unknown Region, song for chorus and orchestra, setting of Walt Whitman (1906)
Five Mystical Songs for baritone, chorus and orchestra, settings of George Herbert (1911)
Fantasia on Christmas Carols for baritone, chorus, and orchestra (1912; arranged also for reduced orchestra of organ, strings, percussion)
Mass in G小調 for unaccompanied choir (1922)
Sancta Civitas (The Holy City) oratorio, text mainly from the Book of Revelation (1923-25)
Te Deum in G (1928)
Benedicite for soprano, chorus, and orchestra (1929)
In Windsor Forest, adapted from the opera Sir John in Love (1929)
Three Choral Hymns (1929)
Magnificat for contralto, women's chorus, and orchestra (1932)
Five Tudor Portraits for contralto, baritone, chorus, and orchestra (1935)
Dona nobis pacem,沃特·衛特曼詞及其他(1936)
Festival Te Deum for chorus and orchestra or organ (1937)
Serenade to Music for sixteen solo voices and orchestra, a setting of Shakespeare (1938)
A Song for Thanksgiving (原作 Thanksgiving for Victory) for narrator, soprano solo, children's chorus, mixed chorus, and orchestra (1944)
An Oxford Elegy for narrator, mixed chorus and small orchestra (1949)
Three Shakespeare Songs ,為SATB沒有伴(ban)奏的(de),用(yong)作(zuo)英(ying)聯邦國(guo)家音樂競賽(sai) (The British Federation of Music Festivals National Competitive Festival ,1951)
Hodie, a Christmas oratorio (1954)
Folk songs of the Four Seasons for unaccompanied SSA chorus.
Epithalamion for baritone solo, chorus, flute, piano, and strings (1957)
Numerous hymns, some of which were first published in the English Hymnal of 1906, of which Vaughan Williams was the musical editor, collaborating with Percy Dearmer.
"Linden Lea",歌(1901)
The House of Life (1904)
Songs of Travel (1904)
"The Sky Above The Roof" (1908)
On Wenlock Edge, song cycle for tenor, piano and string quartet (1909)
Along the Field, for tenor and violin
Three Poems by Walt Whitman for baritone and piano (1920)
Four Poems by Fredegond Shove: for baritone and piano (1922)
Four Hymns for Tenor, Viola and Strings (1914)
Merciless Beauty for tenor, two violins, and cello
Four Last Songs (Vaughan Williams)|Four Last Songs to poems of Ursula Vaughan Williams
Ten William Blake|Blake songs, song cycle for high voice and oboe (1957)
c小調弦樂五(wu)重奏(zou)(小提琴、中提琴、大提琴、低音提琴及鋼琴)(1903)
g小調第(di)1弦樂四重奏(1908)
a小調第(di)2弦樂四重奏(1942-44)
《五(wu)重奏幻想曲(qu)》Phantasy Quintet(2小提琴、中提琴及(ji)2大提琴)(1912)
《六首英國民(min)歌練習曲》Six Studies in English Folk-Song(大提(ti)琴(qin)及鋼(gang)琴(qin))(1926)
《三首以威(wei)爾士曲(qu)調而寫成(cheng)的前奏曲(qu)》Three Preludes on Welsh Hymn Tunes(管風琴(qin))(1956)
為中提(ti)琴及(ji)鋼琴的(de)浪漫曲(qu)(日子(zi)不詳(xiang))
Three Preludes on Welsh Hymntunes (Bryn Calfaria, Rhosymedre, Hyfrydol) (1920)
A Wedding Tune for Ann (1943)
Two Organ Preludes (The White Rock, St. David's Day) (1956)
The Old Hundredth Psalm-Tune (?)
49th Parallel, 1940, his first, talked into it by Muir Mathieson to assuage his guilt at being able to do nothing for the war-effort
Coastal Command (film)|Coastal Command, 1942[3]
BBC接納了The Pilgrim's Progress, 1942
The People's Land, 1943
The Story of a Flemish Farm, 1943
Stricken Peninsula, 1945
The Loves of Joanna Godden, 1946
Scott of the Antarctic (1948 film)|Scott of the Antarctic, 1948, partially reused for his Symphony No. 7 Sinfonia Antartica
《英國民歌組曲》"English Folk Song Suite"(1923)
Toccata Marziale for military band (1924)
Flourish for Wind Band (1939)
Sea Songs
Overture: Henry V for brass band
Variations for brass band (1957)