紫(zi)式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(約973年(nian)(nian)-?),日本(ben)平安時代女作家,中(zhong)古(gu)三十六歌仙(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)一。本(ben)姓藤原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),字(zi)不詳,式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)她(ta)在宮(gong)(gong)廷服務期間的(de)稱(cheng)呼,因(yin)其兄曾任式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)丞(cheng),當時宮(gong)(gong)中(zhong)女官多以父(fu)兄之(zhi)(zhi)官銜為(wei)(wei)(wei)名(ming),故(gu)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)藤式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)。后來(lai)她(ta)寫成《源(yuan)氏物(wu)語》,書中(zhong)女主(zhu)人(ren)公(gong)紫(zi)姬為(wei)(wei)(wei)世(shi)人(ren)傳(chuan)誦,遂又稱(cheng)作紫(zi)式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)。一般(ban)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)其名(ming)不可考(kao),亦有人(ren)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)其本(ben)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)藤原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)香子(zi)或藤原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)子(zi)。主(zhu)要(yao)作品(pin)(pin)有長(chang)篇小說《源(yuan)氏物(wu)語》,作品(pin)(pin)描寫人(ren)物(wu)心理細膩,文字(zi)典雅,情節曲折,被認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)世(shi)界最早的(de)長(chang)篇小說,對往后日本(ben)文學之(zhi)(zhi)影響極(ji)大。另著《紫(zi)式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)日記》,成書于公(gong)元1010年(nian)(nian)秋。她(ta)出(chu)身于貴(gui)族文人(ren)世(shi)家,幼時從(cong)父(fu)學習漢(han)學,通(tong)曉音律(lv)和佛典。父(fu)兄都(dou)擅長(chang)漢(han)詩(shi)、和歌。1004年(nian)(nian)4月,紫(zi)式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)喪夫寡居(ju),同年(nian)(nian)秋開始(shi)創作《源(yuan)氏物(wu)語》。36歲(sui)那年(nian)(nian)冬天,紫(zi)式(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)受召(zhao)入宮(gong)(gong)侍奉一條天皇的(de)中(zhong)宮(gong)(gong)藤原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)彰子(zi)。"