[英(ying)國(guo)]華茲華斯 顧子欣 譯(yi)
我好似一朵(duo)孤獨的(de)流云(yun)，
高(gao)高(gao)地飄游在山谷(gu)之上，
突然我看到(dao)一大片鮮花(hua)，
是金色的水仙遍地開放。
它(ta)們開在(zai)湖畔，開在(zai)樹下
它們隨(sui)(sui)風嬉舞，隨(sui)(sui)風飄蕩(dang)。
它們密集如(ru)銀河的(de)星星，
像群(qun)星在閃爍一片晶瑩(ying)；
它們沿著海灣向前伸展，
通(tong)向遠方仿(fang)佛無(wu)窮無(wu)盡；
一眼看去就有千朵萬朵，
萬花搖首舞得多(duo)么高興。
粼粼湖波(bo)也(ye)在近旁歡跳，
卻不知這水仙舞得(de)輕俏；
詩(shi)人遇見這快樂的伙(huo)伴(ban)，
又怎(zen)能不(bu)感到歡欣雀躍(yue)；
我(wo)久(jiu)久(jiu)凝視--卻未能(neng)領(ling)悟
這景象(xiang)所帶給我的精神至寶。
后來多少次我郁(yu)郁(yu)獨臥，
感到百無聊賴心靈空漠(mo)；
這景象便在(zai)腦海中(zhong)閃現(xian)，
多少次安慰過我(wo)的(de)寂寞(mo)；
我(wo)的(de)心又隨(sui)水仙跳起舞來(lai)，
我的心(xin)又重(zhong)新充滿了歡樂。
詠水仙 又譯為 我好似一(yi)朵(duo)流云(yun)獨(du)自漫游
我獨自(zi)漫(man)游(you)，像(xiang)山谷上空 悠(you)悠(you)飄(piao)過的一朵(duo)云霓(ni)，驀然舉目，我望(wang)見一叢 金黃(huang)的水(shui)仙(xian)，繽紛茂密；在湖水(shui)之濱，樹蔭之下，正隨風搖曳(ye)，舞姿瀟灑。
連綿密布(bu)，似繁(fan)星萬點 在銀河上下閃爍明(ming)滅(mie)，這一(yi)片水仙，沿著(zhu)湖灣 排成延續無(wu)盡的行列；一(yi)眼便(bian)瞥見萬多千(qian)株，搖顫著(zhu)花冠(guan)，輕盈飄舞。
湖面的(de)漣(lian)漪(yi)也(ye)迎風起舞，水仙的(de)歡悅卻(que)勝似漣(lian)漪(yi)；有了這樣愉快(kuai)的(de)伴(ban)侶，詩(shi)人(ren)怎能不(bu)心曠(kuang)神怡！我凝望多時(shi)，卻(que)未曾想到(dao) 這美景給了我怎樣的(de)珍寶(bao)。
從此，每當我倚榻而臥，或(huo)(huo)情(qing)懷抑(yi)郁，或(huo)(huo)心(xin)境茫然，水仙(xian)呵，便(bian)在心(xin)目中閃爍——那是我孤寂時分的樂園；我的心(xin)靈便(bian)歡(huan)情(qing)洋溢，和水仙(xian)一道舞踴不息。
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” was written by William Wordsworth, the representative poet of the early romanticism. As a great poet of nature, William Wordsworth was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face with natural phenomena. These sensations are universal and old but, once expressed in his poetry, become charmingly beautiful and new. His deep love for nature runs through short lyrics such as “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
The waves beside them danced; but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed --- and gazed --- but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” is a poem about nature. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. We follow the poet at every turn of his feelings. We share his melancholy when he “wandered lonely as a cloud” and his delight the moment his heart “with pleasure fills ”. We come to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem.
Edgar Allan Poe once described poetry as “ music… combined with a pleasure idea”. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also makes great use of the “music ”of the language to achieve sound beauty in addition to convey meaning. He employs masculine rhyme in “a, b, a, b, c, c” pattern to receive emphasis as a musical effect. (e.g. “cloud” (a), “hills” (b), “crowd” (a), “daffodils” (b), “trees” (c), “breeze” (c) in stanza 1). He also achieves musical quality by the management of alliteration (e.g. “That floats on high o’er vales and hills” in line 2 and “Beside the lake, beneath the trees” in line 5) and assonance (e.g. “beneath the trees in line 5” and “ They stretched in never-ending line” in line 9) and consonance (e.g. “ vales and hills” in line 2 ). Besides the repetition of sounds, the poet also makes his poem a strong appeal for us in language that is rhythmical. He arranges his poem in lines of iambic tetrameter in the main with alternation of iambic trimeter.
( e.g. I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills
When all at once I saw a crowd
A host, of golden daffodils
Beside the lake, beneath the trees
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze )
He slowed down the tempo in line 4 to keep in accordance with his bated breath the moment he glimpses at a host of golden daffodils thus convey to us the poet’s intoxication in the face of nature. With all these musical devices, Wordsworth secures a songlike effect of his poem in addition to communicate his emotion and meaning.
An old saying goes “There are pictures in poetry and poetry in pictures”. It finds its most eloquent examples in most of the Chinese Tang poems that present the readers with beautiful pictures. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also seeks to express his emotions by providing the sense impressions he has through imagery. He depicts a picture in which “a host of golden daffodils (visual imagery) fluttering and dancing in the breeze” (kinaesthetic imagery) so vividly that it appeals richly to our senses and to our imagination.
Wordsworth, in the poem, also employs figurative language to evoke not only the visual effect but also the emotional response. (e.g. in line 1, the poet makes a comparison between “I wandered lonely” and “a cloud” by the use of simile, thus convey to us his lonely and melancholy mood with the image of “cloud”. In line 7, he also amplifies the visual effect by the use of another simile “Continuous as the stars that shine…” to evoke our sense of “daffodils” with the image of “stars” twinkling on the milky way which is familiar to us all. He goes further to impress us with the image of countless daffodils with an overstatement in line 9 “They stretched in never-ending line”). Besides, natural things are also endowed with human being’s characters by the poet’s subtle use of personification. (e.g. “Tossing their heads in sprightly dance” “The waves beside them danced”) therefore, as we read the poem, we become aware of the poet’s deep love toward nature through his lovely and vivid description about natural things with his figurative language.
What’s more, Wordsworth goes further to communicate his emotion and meaning by his thoughtful tone. The choose of the word “lonely” in “I wandered lonely as a cloud” instead of other words like carefree, leisure or jolly convey to us the poet’s depression and disconsolateness at the very beginning. But as he catches sight of daffodils stretching as far as the eyes can see and finds himself in the midst of nature, his loneliness turns into relaxation and joy. Thus the shift of the poet’s mood from sadness to happiness manifests the theme --- the great influence of nature upon human being.
這首詩(shi)寫(xie)于詩(shi)人從(cong)法(fa)國回來(lai)不久(jiu)。詩(shi)人帶(dai)著對(dui)自由的(de)(de)向往去了法(fa)國，參加一些革命活動。但法(fa)國革命沒有帶(dai)來(lai)預(yu)期的(de)(de)結果，隨(sui)之而來(lai)的(de)(de)是混亂(luan)。詩(shi)人的(de)(de)失(shi)望和受(shou)的(de)(de)打擊是可想(xiang)而知(zhi)的(de)(de)，后(hou)來(lai)在他的(de)(de)朋友和妹妹的(de)(de)幫助(zhu)下(xia)，情(qing)緒才得以艱難地恢復。這首詩(shi)就寫(xie)于詩(shi)人的(de)(de)心情(qing)平靜之后(hou)不久(jiu)。
在(zai)詩(shi)的開(kai)頭，詩(shi)人(ren)將自(zi)己比喻為(wei)一(yi)朵孤(gu)獨的流云，孤(gu)單地(di)(di)在(zai)高(gao)高(gao)的天(tian)空飄蕩。孤(gu)傲的詩(shi)人(ren)發現一(yi)大片金色的水(shui)仙(xian)，它(ta)們歡快地(di)(di)遍地(di)(di)開(kai)放。在(zai)詩(shi)人(ren)的心中(zhong)，水(shui)仙(xian)已經不是一(yi)種植物了(le)，而(er)是一(yi)種象征，代表了(le)一(yi)種靈魂(hun)，代表了(le)一(yi)種精(jing)神。
水仙很多，如天上的(de)星星，都在(zai)閃爍。水仙似(si)乎是動的(de)，沿著彎屈的(de)海岸線向(xiang)前方伸展(zhan)。詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)為有這樣(yang)的(de)旅伴(ban)而歡(huan)(huan)欣鼓舞、歡(huan)(huan)呼跳躍。在(zai)詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)心(xin)中，水仙代表了自然的(de)精華，是自然心(xin)靈的(de)美妙表現。但是，歡(huan)(huan)快的(de)水仙并(bing)不能(neng)(neng)時(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)伴(ban)在(zai)詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)身邊(bian)，詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)離(li)開(kai)了水仙，心(xin)中不時(shi)(shi)冒(mao)出(chu)憂郁孤(gu)寂的(de)情緒。這時(shi)(shi)詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)寫出(chu)了一種對(dui)社會、世界(jie)的(de)感受(shou)：那高傲、純潔的(de)靈魂(hun)在(zai)現實(shi)的(de)世界(jie)只能(neng)(neng)郁郁寡歡(huan)(huan)。當然，詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)腦海深處會不時(shi)(shi)浮(fu)現水仙那美妙的(de)景象(xiang)，這時(shi)(shi)的(de)詩人(ren)(ren)(ren)雙(shuang)情緒振奮(fen)，歡(huan)(huan)欣鼓舞。
詩(shi)歌的(de)(de)基調是浪漫(man)的(de)(de)，同時帶著濃烈的(de)(de)象征主義色彩。可以說(shuo)，詩(shi)人的(de)(de)一生只(zhi)在自然(ran)中找(zhao)到了(le)寄托。
歲月靜好 
