[英國(guo)]華茲華斯 顧子欣 譯
我好似(si)一朵孤(gu)獨的流云，
高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)地飄游在山谷之上，
突(tu)然我看到一(yi)大片(pian)鮮(xian)花，
是金色的(de)水仙遍地開(kai)放。
它(ta)們開(kai)在(zai)湖畔，開(kai)在(zai)樹下
它們隨風(feng)嬉舞，隨風(feng)飄蕩。
它們密(mi)集如銀(yin)河的(de)星(xing)星(xing)，
像群星在閃爍一片晶瑩(ying)；
它們沿(yan)著海灣(wan)向前伸展，
通(tong)向遠方仿(fang)佛無窮無盡；
一眼看去就有千(qian)朵萬朵，
萬花(hua)搖首舞(wu)得多么(me)高興。
粼粼湖波也在近旁歡跳(tiao)，
卻不(bu)知(zhi)這水(shui)仙舞得輕俏(qiao)；
詩人遇見這(zhe)快樂的伙伴，
又怎(zen)能不(bu)感到歡欣雀躍；
我(wo)久久凝視--卻未(wei)能領悟(wu)
這景(jing)象(xiang)所帶給我的精神至寶。
后來多(duo)少次我郁郁獨臥，
感(gan)到百無聊賴(lai)心(xin)靈空漠；
這(zhe)景象便在腦海(hai)中閃現，
多少次安(an)慰(wei)過我的(de)寂寞(mo)；
我的心又(you)隨水仙跳起舞來，
我的心又重新充滿了歡樂。
詠水仙(xian) 又譯為 我好似一朵流云獨自漫游
我(wo)獨自漫(man)游，像山谷(gu)上空 悠悠飄(piao)過的一朵云霓，驀然舉(ju)目(mu)，我(wo)望見(jian)一叢 金黃的水(shui)仙，繽紛茂(mao)密；在湖水(shui)之濱，樹蔭之下，正隨風搖曳，舞姿瀟灑。
連(lian)綿密布(bu)，似(si)繁(fan)星(xing)萬點 在銀河上下(xia)閃爍明滅，這一片水仙，沿著湖灣 排成延續無盡(jin)的行列；一眼便瞥見萬多千(qian)株，搖顫著花冠(guan)，輕盈(ying)飄舞(wu)。
湖面的漣漪也迎風起舞，水仙的歡悅卻勝似漣漪；有了(le)這樣愉(yu)快的伴侶，詩人怎能不(bu)心曠神怡！我凝望多時(shi)，卻未曾想到 這美景給了(le)我怎樣的珍寶。
從此，每(mei)當我倚榻(ta)而臥，或(huo)(huo)情懷(huai)抑(yi)郁，或(huo)(huo)心境茫然，水仙(xian)呵，便(bian)在心目中閃(shan)爍——那是我孤寂時分的樂園；我的心靈便(bian)歡情洋溢，和水仙(xian)一道(dao)舞(wu)踴不息。
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” was written by William Wordsworth, the representative poet of the early romanticism. As a great poet of nature, William Wordsworth was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face with natural phenomena. These sensations are universal and old but, once expressed in his poetry, become charmingly beautiful and new. His deep love for nature runs through short lyrics such as “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
The waves beside them danced; but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed --- and gazed --- but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” is a poem about nature. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. We follow the poet at every turn of his feelings. We share his melancholy when he “wandered lonely as a cloud” and his delight the moment his heart “with pleasure fills ”. We come to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem.
Edgar Allan Poe once described poetry as “ music… combined with a pleasure idea”. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also makes great use of the “music ”of the language to achieve sound beauty in addition to convey meaning. He employs masculine rhyme in “a, b, a, b, c, c” pattern to receive emphasis as a musical effect. (e.g. “cloud” (a), “hills” (b), “crowd” (a), “daffodils” (b), “trees” (c), “breeze” (c) in stanza 1). He also achieves musical quality by the management of alliteration (e.g. “That floats on high o’er vales and hills” in line 2 and “Beside the lake, beneath the trees” in line 5) and assonance (e.g. “beneath the trees in line 5” and “ They stretched in never-ending line” in line 9) and consonance (e.g. “ vales and hills” in line 2 ). Besides the repetition of sounds, the poet also makes his poem a strong appeal for us in language that is rhythmical. He arranges his poem in lines of iambic tetrameter in the main with alternation of iambic trimeter.
( e.g. I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills
When all at once I saw a crowd
A host, of golden daffodils
Beside the lake, beneath the trees
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze )
He slowed down the tempo in line 4 to keep in accordance with his bated breath the moment he glimpses at a host of golden daffodils thus convey to us the poet’s intoxication in the face of nature. With all these musical devices, Wordsworth secures a songlike effect of his poem in addition to communicate his emotion and meaning.
An old saying goes “There are pictures in poetry and poetry in pictures”. It finds its most eloquent examples in most of the Chinese Tang poems that present the readers with beautiful pictures. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also seeks to express his emotions by providing the sense impressions he has through imagery. He depicts a picture in which “a host of golden daffodils (visual imagery) fluttering and dancing in the breeze” (kinaesthetic imagery) so vividly that it appeals richly to our senses and to our imagination.
Wordsworth, in the poem, also employs figurative language to evoke not only the visual effect but also the emotional response. (e.g. in line 1, the poet makes a comparison between “I wandered lonely” and “a cloud” by the use of simile, thus convey to us his lonely and melancholy mood with the image of “cloud”. In line 7, he also amplifies the visual effect by the use of another simile “Continuous as the stars that shine…” to evoke our sense of “daffodils” with the image of “stars” twinkling on the milky way which is familiar to us all. He goes further to impress us with the image of countless daffodils with an overstatement in line 9 “They stretched in never-ending line”). Besides, natural things are also endowed with human being’s characters by the poet’s subtle use of personification. (e.g. “Tossing their heads in sprightly dance” “The waves beside them danced”) therefore, as we read the poem, we become aware of the poet’s deep love toward nature through his lovely and vivid description about natural things with his figurative language.
What’s more, Wordsworth goes further to communicate his emotion and meaning by his thoughtful tone. The choose of the word “lonely” in “I wandered lonely as a cloud” instead of other words like carefree, leisure or jolly convey to us the poet’s depression and disconsolateness at the very beginning. But as he catches sight of daffodils stretching as far as the eyes can see and finds himself in the midst of nature, his loneliness turns into relaxation and joy. Thus the shift of the poet’s mood from sadness to happiness manifests the theme --- the great influence of nature upon human being.
這(zhe)首詩(shi)(shi)寫于詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)從法(fa)國(guo)(guo)回來不久。詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)帶著對自由的向往去了法(fa)國(guo)(guo)，參加一些革(ge)命活動。但法(fa)國(guo)(guo)革(ge)命沒有帶來預期的結果，隨之(zhi)而來的是混亂(luan)。詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)的失望和受的打擊(ji)是可想而知的，后來在(zai)他的朋(peng)友和妹(mei)妹(mei)的幫助下，情緒(xu)才得以艱(jian)難(nan)地恢復。這(zhe)首詩(shi)(shi)就寫于詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)的心(xin)情平靜之(zhi)后不久。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的開(kai)頭，詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)將自己(ji)比喻為一(yi)(yi)朵孤(gu)獨的流(liu)云，孤(gu)單(dan)地(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)(zai)高高的天空飄蕩(dang)。孤(gu)傲的詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)發現一(yi)(yi)大片金色的水(shui)仙(xian)，它們歡快地(di)(di)遍地(di)(di)開(kai)放。在(zai)(zai)(zai)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)的心中，水(shui)仙(xian)已(yi)經不是一(yi)(yi)種植物了(le)，而是一(yi)(yi)種象(xiang)征，代(dai)表了(le)一(yi)(yi)種靈(ling)魂，代(dai)表了(le)一(yi)(yi)種精(jing)神。
水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)很(hen)多，如天上的(de)(de)星(xing)星(xing)，都在(zai)(zai)(zai)閃爍。水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)似(si)乎是動的(de)(de)，沿著彎屈的(de)(de)海岸線向前方伸展。詩(shi)人為有這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)旅伴(ban)而歡欣鼓舞、歡呼跳躍。在(zai)(zai)(zai)詩(shi)人的(de)(de)心中，水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)代表(biao)了自然的(de)(de)精華，是自然心靈的(de)(de)美妙(miao)表(biao)現。但是，歡快的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)并不(bu)能時(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)伴(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)詩(shi)人的(de)(de)身邊，詩(shi)人離開了水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)，心中不(bu)時(shi)(shi)冒出憂郁(yu)孤(gu)寂(ji)的(de)(de)情(qing)緒。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)詩(shi)人寫出了一種對(dui)社(she)會、世界(jie)的(de)(de)感受：那(nei)高傲、純潔的(de)(de)靈魂在(zai)(zai)(zai)現實的(de)(de)世界(jie)只能郁(yu)郁(yu)寡歡。當(dang)然，詩(shi)人的(de)(de)腦(nao)海深處會不(bu)時(shi)(shi)浮現水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)那(nei)美妙(miao)的(de)(de)景象(xiang)，這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)詩(shi)人雙情(qing)緒振奮，歡欣鼓舞。
詩(shi)歌(ge)的(de)(de)基調是浪漫的(de)(de)，同時帶(dai)著(zhu)濃烈的(de)(de)象征主(zhu)義(yi)色彩。可以(yi)說，詩(shi)人的(de)(de)一(yi)生只在自然中找(zhao)到了寄托。
歲月靜好 
