陳(chen)黯,[唐](約805—877)字希儒,號昌晦,又自號場老。唐朝文(wen)(wen)學家。10歲能詩(shi)文(wen)(wen),勤奮練(lian)筆,才思(si)日(ri)增。13歲時,有一清源(yuan)縣令譏陳(chen)面(mian)上有痘瘢說:“小詩(shi)童,黑痘瘢,怪好看。”陳(chen)黯即揮筆詩(shi)道:“玳瑁(mao)應難(nan)比(bi),斑犀(xi)定不(bu)(bu)加(jia)。天嫌未端正,滿面(mian)與汝(ru)花(hua)。”意思(si)是:龜類動物那漂亮的斑點比(bi)不(bu)(bu)上我(wo)(wo)痘瘢好看,犀(xi)牛(niu)那美麗(li)的花(hua)斑也無法與我(wo)(wo)相比(bi),上天惟恐我(wo)(wo)長得(de)不(bu)(bu)夠端正美麗(li),就用花(hua)朵(duo)妝飾我(wo)(wo)的臉部。機敏應變,聲名大振。
泉州南(nan)安(an)人。生卒年均不詳,約(yue)唐(tang)(tang)懿宗咸通初前后在世。父早(zao)逝,事母甚(shen)孝。10歲(sui)(sui)能詩(shi)(shi),13歲(sui)(sui)拜(bai)見清(qing)源縣(xian)令時,縣(xian)令嘲笑(xiao)其(qi)臉有(you)(you)痘瘢,立即賦(fu)詩(shi)(shi)自辯(bian),“玳瑁(mao)應難比,斑犀定不加。天嫌(xian)未(wei)端正,滿面與(yu)妝花,”由此(ci)名聞鄉(xiang)里。40歲(sui)(sui)后屢次赴(fu)京應試均名落孫山。老年潦倒,隱居(ju)金榜山麓(lu)。一生詩(shi)(shi)文甚(shen)多,但多散失。今見于《全(quan)(quan)唐(tang)(tang)文》有(you)(you)《華心》等10篇文章。(新(xin)唐(tang)(tang)書藝(yi)文志(zhi)注云:昭宗時人。此(ci)依(yi)全(quan)(quan)唐(tang)(tang)詩(shi)(shi)小傳(chuan)約(yue)算(suan))會昌(chang)迄咸通間,(公(gong)元八四一至(zhi)八七三年)累(lei)舉(ju)不第(di)。其(qi)他(ta)事跡均不詳。黯著有(you)(you)文集五(wu)卷,(新(xin)唐(tang)(tang)書志(zhi)作三卷。此(ci)從全(quan)(quan)唐(tang)(tang)詩(shi)(shi))傳(chuan)于世。
位于廈門金榜山(shan)北(bei)面山(shan)腰的"玉笏"石(shi)下方(fang),洞口(kou)(kou)朝北(bei),天然巖石(shi)倚疊而成。上覆巨石(shi),長約20米,高約10米。室內最(zui)高處(chu)為(wei)4.5米。1995年,廈門市政府撥(bo)款修葺,置陳(chen)(chen)(chen)黯石(shi)雕坐像(xiang),并在洞口(kou)(kou)巨石(shi)上鐫(juan)刻"釣隱"2字。陳(chen)(chen)(chen)黯,唐末(mo)文士(shi)。系唐代徙居廈門島"南陳(chen)(chen)(chen)北(bei)薛"中陳(chen)(chen)(chen)氏(shi)家(jia)族名人之一。該(gai)遺址現為(wei)市級文物保護(hu)單位。
《代河(he)湟父老奏》
臣(chen)等世籍漢(han)(han)(han)(han)民也(ye)(ye),雖地(di)沒(mei)戎虜,而(er)常蓄歸心(xin)。時未(wei)可謀(mou),則(ze)(ze)亻(ren)免(mian)亻(ren)黽偷生,既遭(zao)休運(yun),詎可緘默。伏思中國(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)患邊(bian)戎,其(qi)(qi)來久矣(yi)。唐虞夏殷(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前,則(ze)(ze)淳風未(wei)漓(li),夷夏自(zi)判。故(gu)干戈不興,事(shi)(shi)亦宜矣(yi)。繇(zhou)周以降,或侵(qin)(qin)或伐,無(wu)(wu)代無(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。然則(ze)(ze)享(xiang)國(guo)長久,君臣(chen)有(you)謀(mou),唯是(shi)其(qi)(qi)馀不足徵(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。周漢(han)(han)(han)(han)討邊(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),臣(chen)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi),請較而(er)論之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以為國(guo)朝比。且周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伐獫狁也(ye)(ye)。以斥逐為心(xin),不常事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)進則(ze)(ze)遄征(zheng),退則(ze)(ze)息兵(bing)。致(zhi)其(qi)(qi)邊(bian)鄙無(wu)(wu)備,壁(bi)壘不營。此乃周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謀(mou)失於不固矣(yi)。漢(han)(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)討匈奴也(ye)(ye)。乘(cheng)時之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)豐,恃兵(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雄,深入(ru)窮荒,莫計遠邇。故(gu)雪山青海,皆為內封。其(qi)(qi)後財匱力殫(dan),厥(jue)功不就,遂交和親之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好,自(zi)冫免(mian)帝(di)屬,延法後時。斯為漢(han)(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謀(mou)失於太廣(guang)矣(yi)。唐有(you)天下,邁於周漢(han)(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,一家其(qi)(qi)六合,一心(xin)其(qi)(qi)兆人。唯茲犬(quan)戎,未(wei)能無(wu)(wu)患。當開元中,有(you)將臣(chen)善(shan)於攻戰,振張皇威,殲殄(tian)丑(chou)虜,自(zi)秦地(di)而(er)西(xi),有(you)地(di)數千(qian)里,此則(ze)(ze)展(zhan)拓周疆,翦裁漢(han)(han)(han)(han)域,所謂廣(guang)袤得其(qi)(qi)中矣(yi)。其(qi)(qi)後國(guo)家以內寇時起,不遑西(xi)顧。其(qi)(qi)蕃戎伺(si)隙,侵(qin)(qin)掠邊(bian)州,臣(chen)等由(you)此家為虜有(you)。然雖力不支而(er)心(xin)不離,故(gu)居河湟間(jian),世相(xiang)為訓,今尚傳留漢(han)(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan)裳。每歲時祭享(xiang),則(ze)(ze)必服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),示(shi)不忘漢(han)(han)(han)(han)儀,亦猶越翼胡蹄,有(you)巢嘶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異。噫!其(qi)(qi)怨(yuan)慕也(ye)(ye)有(you)是(shi)。
陛下(xia)(xia)新統寰區,以(yi)(yi)慈仁(ren)化育,聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得(de)不(bu)(bu)惻然而軫念乎(hu)!夫事(shi)(shi)有可(ke)(ke)(ke)行(xing),勢(shi)有必(bi)(bi)克(ke),茍懈而不(bu)(bu)為,是失古人見(jian)幾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)義。今(jin)(jin)國家無(wu)事(shi)(shi),三方底寧,獨取邊陲,猶反(fan)掌耳。矧(shen)故老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心,觖望復然,儻大兵(bing)(bing)一(yi)(yi)臨,孰不(bu)(bu)面化。今(jin)(jin)陛下(xia)(xia)采臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,則先選(xuan)良將(jiang),不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)前負勛(xun)業者與更(geng)授節制者為之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。何者?彼(bi)(bi)功(gong)崇矣,彼(bi)(bi)位(wei)極矣,復將(jiang)悉力營之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哉!以(yi)(yi)此臨事(shi)(shi),必(bi)(bi)多(duo)自顧。愿陛下(xia)(xia)詔班行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,器識有殊,籌(chou)畫(hua)可(ke)(ke)(ke)用者,逾一(yi)(yi)資一(yi)(yi)級,授鉞將(jiang)兵(bing)(bing),俟見(jian)功(gong)庸(yong),而後國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爵賞。必(bi)(bi)能摧兇破(po)敵,無(wu)所(suo)(suo)愛矣。戎翟者,亦天地間之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)氣耳,不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)盡滅,可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)斥逐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),伊周漢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),如前所(suo)(suo)陳(chen)。今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)取,愿止於國朝已來所(suo)(suo)沒秦渭(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西故地,朗畫(hua)疆域,牢為備御,然後辟邊田,飽(bao)士(shi)卒(zu),可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)為永遠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)謀,迥(jiong)出周漢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)右。則臣(chen)(chen)得(de)棄戎即華(hua),世世子孫無(wu)流離之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苦。生死(si)幸(xing)甚!