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基本介紹

石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)位于貴州丹寨(zhai)縣(xian)城北部，因(yin)有(you)一座天然(ran)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)拱橋(qiao)(qiao)連(lian)接河兩岸山崖(ya)而得(de)名。全村(cun)(cun)近250戶1165人(ren)(ren)(ren)，其中(zhong)苗(miao)族人(ren)(ren)(ren)口(kou)(kou)1108人(ren)(ren)(ren)，村(cun)(cun)中(zhong)從(cong)16歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)輕(qing)小伙(huo)兒到(dao)70多(duo)歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)老人(ren)(ren)(ren)都會使用古(gu)法(fa)技(ji)(ji)術造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)主(zhu)要生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)白皮(pi)(pi)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和彩色(se)(se)皮(pi)(pi)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，特別(bie)是彩色(se)(se)手(shou)工(gong)(gong)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在全國(guo)絕無僅有(you)，其造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)藝是目(mu)前(qian)保(bao)(bao)存較(jiao)為完好的(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“活化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”。據(ju)考證，南皋(gao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術距今已有(you)1400多(duo)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史，造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式還在承襲原(yuan)始的(de)(de)(de)(de)家庭作(zuo)坊生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，村(cun)(cun)里還保(bao)(bao)留著國(guo)內為數不(bu)(bu)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)老作(zuo)坊。祖(zu)上十(shi)八(ba)代都沿(yan)用古(gu)法(fa)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)王興武介紹說，這(zhe)種造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)特點是原(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)態、無污染，所(suo)以(yi)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)雖(sui)然(ran)世(shi)代造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，但繞寨(zhai)腳流過(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)南皋(gao)河依然(ran)清澈見底。過(guo)(guo)去以(yi)古(gu)法(fa)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方大(da)都依山傍水，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)也不(bu)(bu)例外(wai)。一條(tiao)潺(chan)潺(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)小溪從(cong)村(cun)(cun)中(zhong)流過(guo)(guo)，山坡上翠竹連(lian)綿不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)，猶如波瀾起伏的(de)(de)(de)(de)竹海(hai)，煞是壯觀(guan)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)(ren)(ren)自古(gu)以(yi)來(lai)就利用這(zhe)得(de)天獨厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件加工(gong)(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，經(jing)過(guo)(guo)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)踐摸索，目(mu)前(qian)已能生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)金絲(si)、麻(ma)絲(si)、壓平、皺褶、凹凸(tu)、花草、云龍、超(chao)薄八(ba)大(da)系(xi)列古(gu)法(fa)彩色(se)(se)手(shou)工(gong)(gong)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)(zhang)遠(yuan)銷歐洲、澳洲、東南亞等(deng)地(di)，造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)坊也成(cheng)為旅游(you)者青(qing)睞的(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)光(guang)景(jing)點。據(ju)統計，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)村(cun)(cun)現有(you)露天煮甑(zeng)10口(kou)(kou)、露天浸泡池10口(kou)(kou)、紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)房36間、木榨34個、抄紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)槽(cao)40口(kou)(kou)、木碓3張(zhang)(zhang)、踏碓5張(zhang)(zhang)，是我國(guo)古(gu)法(fa)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)序、工(gong)(gong)具保(bao)(bao)存最完整、規模最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一處地(di)方，丹寨(zhai)縣(xian)參與(yu)申報的(de)(de)(de)(de)皮(pi)(pi)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制作(zuo)技(ji)(ji)藝也被列入首批國(guo)家級非物質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)保(bao)(bao)護名錄(lu)。