南泉山位于黎平縣城南1.5公里,海拔853米。面積43.4公頃,是黔、桂、湘交界地帶的佛教勝地,自古以來香火不斷,游人絡繹不絕。南泉山(shan)(shan),山(shan)(shan)上古木(mu)參(can)天,樹種繁(fan)多。自然景(jing)觀豐富,主要有八景(jing),詩人把八景(jing)巧(qiao)妙的(de)寫在每句詩的(de)前頭四字:古松怒立接天齊,曲徑(jing)盤(pan)旋(xuan)手卓藜,雙井靄霧山(shan)(shan)色好(hao),一龍(long)吐水梵音(yin)低(di)。林嵐倦雨光(guang)含(han)鈾,苑桂飄風香滿堤。樓(lou)擱空中千里(li)目(mu),夕(xi)陽倒影射窗西(xi)。
南泉(quan)山(shan)寺:始建于(yu)明朝初(chu)年(nian)(nian),后(hou)毀于(yu)兵(bing)亂(luan),明萬歷34年(nian)(nian)(1606年(nian)(nian)),黎靖參將李(li)思忠倡捐重(zhong)建,清嘉(jia)慶(qing)元年(nian)(nian)(1796年(nian)(nian))重(zhong)修(xiu)。
南泉(quan)山自山腳至山頂(ding)建有三殿:第(di)一(yi)層為大佛殿,第(di)二層原為靈宮殿,第(di)三層是寶頂(ding)庵正殿。今山中僅存大佛殿一(yi)寺(si)。
龍(long)井(jing)泉(quan):距(ju)大佛殿不遠處有南(nan)泉(quan)亭(ting),南(nan)泉(quan)亭(ting)旁有井(jing)泉(quan),鑿石(shi)為龍(long),水從龍(long)口涌(yong)出(chu),注入井(jing)內,其水夏(xia)涼而(er)冬溫,飲之清心(xin)爽口,南(nan)泉(quan)山因其井(jing)水而(er)得名。據說(shuo)喝此水能(neng)消(xiao)災驅邪,帶來(lai)吉祥。
天(tian)香書(shu)院:始于(yu)明代,內原有國父孫中山親撰楹(ying)聯,惜1966年“文(wen)化大革命”“破(po)四舊”慘遭(zao)浩劫,殿內佛像、匾額、楹(ying)聯、書(shu)畫一掃而空。“文(wen)革”后(hou)政府多次維修,加以(yi)保(bao)護。
現(xian)在山中(zhong)還(huan)新建了烈士(shi)紀念陵園(占地60畝(mu),有紀念塔(ta),紅軍、解放(fang)軍墓、展覽(lan)室等建筑)和(he)侗族鼓樓,成為休閑旅(lv)游及(ji)佛教勝地。
相關(guan)傳說:歷代(dai)名家政客(ke)對南(nan)泉山都留下(xia)墨跡和(he)傳說故事。
相(xiang)傳,中(zhong)湘王何騰蛟曾(ceng)攻讀(du)于天(tian)香(xiang)書院(yuan)。他(ta)(ta)一(yi)心攻讀(du),從不(bu)下山,五(wu)月端午(wu)家人送粽粑給他(ta)(ta)吃,旁邊(bian)(bian)擺了一(yi)碟糖,他(ta)(ta)邊(bian)(bian)吃邊(bian)(bian)看書,竟把粽粑蘸入墨硯之中(zhong),弄得滿臉墨黑(hei),流下千古佳(jia)話。
山(shan)中(zhong)的南泉山(shan)寺是具有(you)明清兩代風格的建(jian)筑群(qun),既有(you)明代的端莊(zhuang)持重,又(you)不失清代的玲瓏秀麗。寺有(you)3殿(dian)(dian),依山(shan)取勢,建(jian)于山(shan)腰(yao),層層而上(shang)。第一層為(wei)大佛(fo)殿(dian)(dian),第二(er)層為(wei)靈(ling)宮(gong)殿(dian)(dian),第三層為(wei)寶(bao)頂庵(an)正殿(dian)(dian)。南泉山(shan)寺寶(bao)頂庵(an)正殿(dian)(dian)有(you)天香閣(ge),是南明兵(bing)部尚書(shu)(shu)何騰蛟(jiao)幼年攻書(shu)(shu)之所。何騰蛟(jiao)在(zai)天香閣(ge)勤奮攻書(shu)(shu),立志報國,他讀書(shu)(shu)時“蘸(zhan)墨吃(chi)棕”等故事至今廣為(wei)流傳。
黎平革(ge)命烈(lie)士陵(ling)(ling)(ling)園(yuan)亦搬遷到此(ci)山,黎平革(ge)命烈(lie)士陵(ling)(ling)(ling)園(yuan)被國(guo)務院授予(yu)“重點(dian)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)建(jian)(jian)筑物保(bao)護單位”,并(bing)在(zai)2009年(nian)國(guo)家計劃實施(shi)的全國(guo)重點(dian)革(ge)命烈(lie)士紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)設施(shi)保(bao)護改造工程中,列入(ru)了(le)中央投資備(bei)選(xuan)項目范圍(wei)(wei)。該(gai)革(ge)命烈(lie)士陵(ling)(ling)(ling)園(yuan)入(ru)圍(wei)(wei)第五批全國(guo)重點(dian)烈(lie)士紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)建(jian)(jian)筑物保(bao)護單位,是貴州省僅有的3處(chu)之(zhi)一。
據《黔(qian)南(nan)識略(lve)》、《貴州通志(zhi)》、《黎平府(fu)記》記載何顯(xian)示的泉(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)景物:“南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)疊嶂叢(cong)林,明(ming)(ming)(ming)建(jian)三(san)寺于山(shan)(shan)(shan),游人(ren)絡(luo)繹不絕,為最(zui)名(ming)勝(sheng)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)(you)八(ba)景:古(gu)松若虬、曲徑盤空、石(shi)龍吐水(shui)(shui)、雙井靄霧(wu)、桂苑秋香、空中(zhong)(zhong)樓閣、孤頂浮嵐、夕陽返照。南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大殿左側(ce),酷暑飲之(zhi)(zhi)極清(qing)(qing)涼,故(gu)名(ming)南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。”明(ming)(ming)(ming)洪武年間(jian)建(jian)三(san)寺,計(ji)有(you)(you)(you)大佛殿、靈宮(gong)殿、寶頂庵(an)正殿、四楹(ying)樓閣、蛟(jiao)亭(ting)、南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)亭(ting)等建(jian)筑(zhu)物,依山(shan)(shan)(shan)就(jiu)勢,建(jian)于半(ban)山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰,層層疊上,既有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)(ming)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)端莊持重,亦不失清(qing)(qing)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)玲瓏秀麗。寺殿山(shan)(shan)(shan)門呈八(ba)字形(xing),上有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)橫匾書“雅若祗園”,大門兩旁有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)副對聯(lian)“馬足車(che)塵世(shi)路不知何處盡,山(shan)(shan)(shan)花澗月(yue)禪(chan)心(xin)應自此中(zhong)(zhong)生。”整個建(jian)筑(zhu)蔚為壯觀。南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)省級重點(dian)文物保護單位,省級風景名(ming)勝(sheng)區(qu)。 南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)主(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)道(dao),鵝卵石(shi)鋪就(jiu),透逸而上,共有(you)(you)(you)九彎十八(ba)拐(guai)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰行道(dao)旁有(you)(you)(you)“點(dian)蛟(jiao)亭(ting)”、“南(nan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)福地”,寺左腋有(you)(you)(you)八(ba)角亭(ting)。亭(ting)外有(you)(you)(you)四方水(shui)(shui)池 3 眼,一(yi)供飲用,二備盟洗,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)由石(shi)龍嘴里(li)涌出,泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)清(qing)(qing)澈,四季(ji)長流。