木壘哈薩(sa)克民族博物館于1987年成(cheng)立,隸屬縣文化體育局領導。
木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)哈薩(sa)克自(zi)治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)著悠久的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)和(he)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)(de)古代文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺存,從歷(li)史(shi)(shi)記載和(he)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)出土文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)說(shuo)明(ming):木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)和(he)新疆其(qi)他地(di)區(qu)一(yi)樣自(zi)古以(yi)來(lai)就(jiu)是中華民族大(da)家庭不可分(fen)割的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成(cheng)部分(fen)。各(ge)族先民共(gong)(gong)同開(kai)發了這片土地(di),共(gong)(gong)同創造了木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)和(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化,并(bing)留(liu)下了十(shi)分(fen)豐(feng)厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化積淀(dian)。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei)已探(tan)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)點有(you)(you)40余處(chu)(chu),已報批定級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重點文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)(wei)20處(chu)(chu),其(qi)中自(zi)治區(qu)級(ji)(ji)8處(chu)(chu),州級(ji)(ji)3處(chu)(chu),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)級(ji)(ji)9處(chu)(chu),為了做好文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)遺址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)工作,木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民政府(fu)于(yu)1985年相繼(ji)成(cheng)立(li)了文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)理所和(he)民族博(bo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)(兩塊牌子,一(yi)套人(ren)員)合暑辦(ban)公。1993年又(you)成(cheng)立(li)了木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)理委員會;2006年10月(yue)木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民政府(fu)又(you)將(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管(guan)理所更(geng)名為文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)局(ju),升格為副科級(ji)(ji)單位(wei)(wei)。在這之前(qian),木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo)工作由縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化館(guan)(guan)負責兼管(guan)。木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)管(guan)理機構成(cheng)立(li)之初(chu),絕大(da)多數文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“四有(you)(you)”建設都(dou)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)“零”狀態,200余件文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)藏品沒有(you)(you)固定的(de)(de)(de)(de)館(guan)(guan)舍。民族博(bo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)成(cheng)立(li)20年來(lai),在縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民政府(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關心支持(chi)下,在全(quan)(quan)體(ti)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo)工作者的(de)(de)(de)(de)不懈努力下,木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)博(bo)工作從無(wu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)有(you)(you),從小到(dao)(dao)(dao)大(da),不論是對文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)法規的(de)(de)(de)(de)宣傳,還(huan)是文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)普(pu)查、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)征集、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、以(yi)及文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)陳列(lie)展(zhan)覽(lan)等方(fang)面都(dou)取得了豐(feng)碩(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)果(guo)。特別是從90年代開(kai)始(shi),木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民政府(fu)制定了《木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)哈薩(sa)克自(zi)治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)事業發展(zhan)規劃》,根據本縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)實際(ji)情(qing)況,每(mei)年都(dou)確(que)定一(yi)個主題,每(mei)年都(dou)要完成(cheng)一(yi)個項目,從未間(jian)斷過。截止到(dao)(dao)(dao)1999年全(quan)(quan)部完成(cheng)了縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)級(ji)(ji)以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“四有(you)(you)”建設工作;對每(mei)個遺址(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)建立(li)了遺址(zhi)(zhi)檔案,為木(mu)(mu)壘(lei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)田野(ye)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)奠(dian)定了基礎。
2000年木壘(lei)(lei)縣(xian)文博行(xing)業業績突(tu)出;縣(xian)委、縣(xian)人民政府非常重視文物工作,特籌集50多萬元(yuan)資(zi)金購置了(le)原商業局辦公樓供縣(xian)民族博物館使用;2000年又落實(shi)了(le)文物保(bao)(bao)護(hu)工作的(de)(de)“五納入(ru)”,并以(yi)木政辦(2000)59號文件(jian)的(de)(de)形(xing)式,發出了(le)《關于落實(shi)文物保(bao)(bao)護(hu)工作“五納入(ru)”的(de)(de)若干(gan)意見》的(de)(de)通知(zhi),將(jiang)木壘(lei)(lei)縣(xian)的(de)(de)文物保(bao)(bao)護(hu)經費納入(ru)了(le)縣(xian)財(cai)政預算,文物保(bao)(bao)護(hu)經費得到(dao)了(le)落實(shi)。
木壘歷史(shi)悠久,文(wen)物(wu)遺(yi)存豐(feng)富。根據出土文(wen)物(wu)和考(kao)古調查表明,木壘有(you)人(ren)類(lei)活動的(de)歷史(shi)至少可追溯(su)到(dao)七千(qian)年以(yi)前(qian)。已發(fa)現(xian)細石(shi)器(qi)(qi)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三處,原(yuan)始(shi)村(cun)落遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)(si)處。1977年發(fa)現(xian)并經過試掘的(de)四(si)(si)道溝原(yuan)始(shi)村(cun)落遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是自治區發(fa)現(xian)的(de)新疆(jiang)早期社(she)會村(cun)落遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。該址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)出土的(de)磨(mo)(mo)制石(shi)器(qi)(qi)、夾砂紅陶(tao)(tao)器(qi)(qi)和骨器(qi)(qi),有(you)一部分(fen)陳列于自治區博(bo)物(wu)館(guan),有(you)一部分(fen)藏于該館(guan),藏于該館(guan)的(de)新石(shi)器(qi)(qi)文(wen)物(wu)中、石(shi)祖叫為珍貴,它是原(yuan)始(shi)社(she)會人(ren)們崇拜男女生殖(zhi)器(qi)(qi)的(de)實(shi)物(wu)。此外,木壘早期文(wen)物(wu)中,石(shi)鋤、圓孔器(qi)(qi)、石(shi)磨(mo)(mo)、彩(cai)陶(tao)(tao)罐(guan)、骨針等十分(fen)精(jing)美,是木壘文(wen)物(wu)的(de)一大特點,表示木壘原(yuan)始(shi)社(she)會延續較長、磨(mo)(mo)制石(shi)器(qi)(qi)的(de)工藝達到(dao)很高的(de)水平。
博物館的成立,旨(zhi)在搶救(jiu)性地征集該縣自治(zhi)主體民(min)族-哈薩克民(min)族、民(min)俗文物和木壘(lei)地區自然資源標本。這些年來,根(gen)據財力,已征集到哈薩克夾(jia)銀馬鞍、雕花(hua)奶(nai)桶、夾(jia)銀腰帶及(ji)眼飾等民(min)俗文物100余件館藏(zang)文物1000余件。