20世紀90年代,日本(ben)以美國海軍阿(a)利(li)·伯克Ⅰ級(ji)驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)藍本(ben),引(yin)進宙斯(si)(si)盾(dun)(dun)作戰(zhan)系統,建造了(le)(le)4艘裝備標準-2MR遠(yuan)程區域(yu)防(fang)空導彈(dan)的(de)金剛(gang)級(ji)驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian),從而成為(wei)(wei)繼美國之后第(di)二個擁有(you)宙斯(si)(si)盾(dun)(dun)驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)的(de)國家(jia)。日本(ben)海上自衛(wei)隊的(de)核心:4個護衛(wei)隊群(qun)(俗稱的(de)八八艦(jian)(jian)隊)以金剛(gang)級(ji)為(wei)(wei)核心各配備了(le)(le)2艘防(fang)空驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian),防(fang)空作戰(zhan)能力由此獲得極(ji)大提(ti)高(gao)。
但日(ri)本(ben)并未(wei)滿足(zu),在(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)世(shi)紀(ji)90年(nian)代末期即以(yi)朝鮮(xian)彈(dan)道(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)威脅為(wei)借口,對海上(shang)(shang)(shang)自(zi)衛隊提出了海上(shang)(shang)(shang)彈(dan)道(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)防御的(de)需求(qiu)。此(ci)外,設計于上(shang)(shang)(shang)世(shi)紀(ji)70年(nian)代的(de)3艘太刀風級導(dao)彈(dan)驅逐(zhu)(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)性能逐(zhu)(zhu)漸落伍,難(nan)以(yi)滿足(zu)艦(jian)(jian)隊防空作戰要求(qiu)。因此(ci),日(ri)本(ben)決(jue)定在(zai)金剛級的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)發展一型擁(yong)有強(qiang)大區(qu)域防空能力和一定攔截(jie)彈(dan)道(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)能力的(de)新(xin)型宙(zhou)斯(si)盾驅逐(zhu)(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)。2000年(nian)12月日(ri)本(ben)防衛廳發表(biao)的(de)《新(xin)中期防衛力量整備(bei)計劃》中正式批準建造2艘新(xin)型宙(zhou)斯(si)盾驅逐(zhu)(zhu)艦(jian)(jian),代號(hao)為(wei)14DDG和15DDG,以(yi)美國海軍阿(a)利·伯克(ke)級驅逐(zhu)(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)FlightⅡA構型平克(ke)尼號(hao)(DDG-91)為(wei)藍(lan)本(ben),并分別于2002年(nian)和2003年(nian)通過預算(suan)授權。
新型宙(zhou)(zhou)斯盾驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)首艦(jian)(jian)愛宕號(hao)于(yu)2004年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)5日(ri)開(kai)工,2005年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)24日(ri)下(xia)水(shui)。2號(hao)艦(jian)(jian)足柄號(hao)于(yu)2005年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)6日(ri)開(kai)工,2006年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)30日(ri)下(xia)水(shui),配屬日(ri)本(ben)佐(zuo)世保基地的(de)海上自衛隊第2護衛隊群。2艦(jian)(jian)均由三菱重(zhong)工長崎造(zao)船廠建造(zao),每艘(sou)(sou)建造(zao)費(fei)用約13億美元(yuan)。艦(jian)(jian)名均沿用了二戰(zhan)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)日(ri)本(ben)海軍重(zhong)巡洋(yang)艦(jian)(jian)的(de)艦(jian)(jian)名,可見其在日(ri)本(ben)海自的(de)地位(wei)。2艦(jian)(jian)服役后將取(qu)代2艘(sou)(sou)太刀風級(ji)導(dao)彈驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian),日(ri)本(ben)還計(ji)劃(hua)在2018年(nian)前(qian)再建造(zao)2艘(sou)(sou)愛宕級(ji)來取(qu)代護衛艦(jian)(jian)隊中的(de)2艘(sou)(sou)旗風級(ji)驅(qu)逐(zhu)艦(jian)(jian),屆時(shi)(shi)日(ri)本(ben)將繼續保持全球僅次于(yu)美國的(de)第二大宙(zhou)(zhou)斯盾艦(jian)(jian)擁有國的(de)地位(wei)。
愛宕(dang)級是(shi)在金(jin)剛級基(ji)礎上發展起來的,二者(zhe)具有相同的艦體(ti)和(he)動力裝(zhuang)置,不過一愛宕(dang)級在設計(ji)上吸收了(le)(le)(le)美國海軍伯克級驅逐艦的特點(dian),增加了(le)(le)(le)1座直升機庫,煙囪和(he)上層建(jian)筑的形狀為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)提高隱身性能也略做(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)修改,外觀(guan)上和(he)金(jin)剛級有所不同,噸位也較大(da)。
愛(ai)宕(dang)級艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)型采用了流(liu)行(xing)的長(chang)首樓(lou)高平(ping)甲(jia)(jia)板、小長(chang)寬比、高干舷、方尾(wei)(wei)設計,艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)首高大(da)尖(jian)瘦,前(qian)傾明顯,艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)橫向剖面為深(shen)V型,艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)寬大(da)且明顯外飄,從艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中部到艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)尾(wei)(wei)型寬變(bian)化(hua)不大(da)。這種艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)型有利(li)(li)于(yu)增(zeng)加內(nei)部空間,利(li)(li)于(yu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的內(nei)部總體(ti)(ti)布(bu)置,并可以(yi)大(da)大(da)減輕艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)的橫搖和(he)縱搖,增(zeng)強艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)艇在(zai)高速航(hang)行(xing)時的穩(wen)定性(xing),從而(er)使軍艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)具有更好的適航(hang)性(xing)、穩(wen)定性(xing)和(he)機動性(xing)。艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)全(quan)封(feng)閉(bi)式(shi)上(shang)層(ceng)建(jian)筑以(yi)一體(ti)(ti)化(hua)設計集中在(zai)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)中部,占艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)長(chang)度1/2以(yi)上(shang)。愛(ai)宕(dang)級和(he)金(jin)剛(gang)級的艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)橋(qiao)較阿利(li)(li)·伯克級多了1層(ceng)指揮(hui)甲(jia)(jia)板,因此更加高大(da),SPY-1D多功能相控陣雷(lei)(lei)達(da)4個(ge)(ge)陣面的布(bu)置也提(ti)高1層(ceng),有利(li)(li)于(yu)擴(kuo)大(da)SPY-1D雷(lei)(lei)達(da)的視界。愛(ai)宕(dang)級在(zai)上(shang)層(ceng)建(jian)筑尾(wei)(wei)部設立了1座直升機庫(ku),而(er)金(jin)剛(gang)級僅(jin)僅(jin)配備(bei)了1個(ge)(ge)飛行(xing)平(ping)臺和(he)燃料設施。MK-41垂(chui)直發射系統(tong)較前(qian)級增(zeng)加了6個(ge)(ge)發射單(dan)元,布(bu)局(ju)也由金(jin)剛(gang)級的前(qian)29單(dan)元(艦(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)橋(qiao)前(qian)甲(jia)(jia)板)后(甲(jia)(jia)板)61單(dan)元變(bian)為前(qian)64單(dan)元后32單(dan)元(直升機庫(ku)頂部)。
為(wei)了增強防(fang)護(hu)和生存力,艦(jian)身和上層建筑全(quan)部采用鋼(gang)制結構,重(zhong)要系(xi)(xi)統均經(jing)過(guo)抗(kang)沖擊(ji)加固(gu),特別是暴露(lu)在主艦(jian)體之外(wai)的(de)戰斗部位,都使用了高碳(tan)鎳鉻鉬鋼(gang),具有(you)很(hen)強的(de)抗(kang)沖擊(ji)性。全(quan)艦(jian)裝設了三防(fang)(防(fang)護(hu)核、生物和化學武器)用的(de)過(guo)濾通風系(xi)(xi)統,在遭到核生化武器襲(xi)擊(ji)的(de)情況下,艦(jian)內增壓系(xi)(xi)統啟(qi)動,使艙(cang)內氣(qi)壓高于外(wai)界并與外(wai)界空氣(qi)完全(quan)隔(ge)絕,清洗區域(yu)亦與艦(jian)內過(guo)濾通風系(xi)(xi)統完全(quan)隔(ge)離,此外(wai)在甲板上也裝有(you)大功率的(de)灑水(shui)裝置。
愛宕級(ji)(ji)(ji)在設(she)(she)計上(shang)較金(jin)剛級(ji)(ji)(ji)更加重(zhong)視隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)性能(neng),艦體上(shang)層建筑外形(xing)(xing)上(shang)采(cai)(cai)用了(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)線形(xing)(xing)隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)設(she)(she)計,顯得更加整潔。與金(jin)剛級(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)樣,愛宕級(ji)(ji)(ji)水線以上(shang)艦體外飄,上(shang)層建筑為倒V字(zi)形(xing)(xing),外壁采(cai)(cai)用了(le)傾斜面(mian)設(she)(she)計,邊角采(cai)(cai)用了(le)圓弧過渡,這樣可避免艦體表面(mian)形(xing)(xing)成垂(chui)直面(mian),使敵方雷(lei)(lei)達(da)(da)接收到的(de)(de)(de)(de)回波強度大為減弱,從而達(da)(da)到隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。愛宕級(ji)(ji)(ji)將金(jin)剛級(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)較笨重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統垂(chui)直桁架桅桿(gan)改為迎(ying)風阻力小(xiao)、質(zhi)量(liang)輕、雷(lei)(lei)達(da)(da)反(fan)射截面(mian)積小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型后傾式(shi)棱柱型桅桿(gan),2座煙囪外型也由鈍頂金(jin)字(zi)塔形(xing)(xing)改為有利于隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)多面(mian)體形(xing)(xing),外形(xing)(xing)也更加低(di)矮,直升機庫也采(cai)(cai)用了(le)有利于隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平面(mian)組合結構以盡量(liang)減少雷(lei)(lei)達(da)(da)反(fan)射截面(mian)。
此外(wai),愛宕(dang)級還采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了大量(liang)新型隱(yin)(yin)身(shen)涂(tu)料以進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)降低被雷達(da)發(fa)現的(de)距離。在(zai)紅外(wai)隱(yin)(yin)身(shen)方面(mian),愛宕(dang)級通過在(zai)煙(yan)囪、暖通、動力艙等發(fa)熱部(bu)位覆蓋屏蔽和(he)絕緣材料來實現隔熱,減(jian)少向(xiang)外(wai)輻射的(de)熱量(liang)。在(zai)紅外(wai)特征(zheng)(zheng)最(zui)強(qiang)的(de)煙(yan)囪排(pai)氣口安裝了空氣冷卻和(he)海水(shui)降溫裝置,煙(yan)囪內部(bu)安裝有噴水(shui)降溫系統,從而將(jiang)紅外(wai)特征(zheng)(zheng)降到最(zui)低程(cheng)度。在(zai)聲(sheng)隱(yin)(yin)身(shen)方面(mian),采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了大量(liang)低噪聲(sheng)機械設備(bei),并(bing)在(zai)主要機械設備(bei)上采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了減(jian)震浮(fu)筏(fa)技術(shu),螺(luo)旋槳的(de)噪聲(sheng)也大幅降低。但愛宕(dang)級的(de)隱(yin)(yin)身(shen)設計也不是很徹底(di),如煙(yan)囪兩(liang)側布置的(de)救生(sheng)、工作艇(ting)都暴(bao)露在(zai)外(wai),在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度上影(ying)響(xiang)了隱(yin)(yin)身(shen)性(xing)。
動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)系統采用(yong)了與金剛級(ji)相同的COGAG,主機為4臺(tai)通用(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)LM2500型燃氣輪機,單機功(gong)率25000馬力(li)(li),持(chi)續總功(gong)率102000馬力(li)(li),雙(shuang)軸(zhou)雙(shuang)槳(jiang)推(tui)進。4臺(tai)發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機分(fen)成(cheng)2個機組(zu)布置(zhi)在(zai)2個機艙內,每個機組(zu)并聯2臺(tai)LM2500燃氣輪機來分(fen)別(bie)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)左舷(xian)軸(zhou)和右(you)舷(xian)軸(zhou),巡航時(shi)每個機組(zu)各開(kai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)1臺(tai)發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機,高(gao)(gao)速(su)航行時(shi)則4臺(tai)并聯齊(qi)驅。為了降低動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)系統的噪聲以(yi)(yi)利于反潛作業,愛宕級(ji)采取了多種措施(shi),包括將LM2500燃氣輪機安裝(zhuang)在(zai)雙(shuang)層隔振(zhen)(zhen)彈性基(ji)座上(shang);主機艙采取了隔音防(fang)振(zhen)(zhen)措施(shi):采用(yong)5葉大側斜可調螺距(ju)螺旋槳(jiang),并在(zai)螺旋槳(jiang)上(shang)采用(yong)了氣幕降噪技(ji)術。此外(wai),艦上(shang)還裝(zhuang)有3臺(tai)發電機組(zu)和1個應急電站,主機、電站的監控(kong)和全艦的損(sun)管(guan)系統全部采取了集中(zhong)管(guan)理,由中(zhong)央計算(suan)機集中(zhong)控(kong)制(zhi),具(ju)備(bei)了較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化程(cheng)度(du)。愛宕級(ji)與日本現代建(jian)造的其(qi)他水面(mian)戰(zhan)艦一(yi)樣采用(yong)了模(mo)塊化設計,模(mo)塊化設計不但能夠大幅(fu)減少建(jian)造成(cheng)本,提高(gao)(gao)建(jian)造速(su)度(du),而且有利于后勤保(bao)障以(yi)(yi)及以(yi)(yi)后的現代化改裝(zhuang)。
愛宕級(ji)裝備2組(zu)美(mei)制(zhi)MK-41型導(dao)彈(dan)垂直(zhi)發射(she)(she)(she)系(xi)統,包(bao)括艦(jian)首的(de)(de)64個發射(she)(she)(she)單元和(he)直(zhi)升(sheng)機庫頂部的(de)(de)32個發射(she)(she)(she)單元。MK-41垂直(zhi)發射(she)(she)(she)系(xi)統是(shi)世界上(shang)最先進(jin)的(de)(de)艦(jian)載導(dao)彈(dan)發射(she)(she)(she)裝置,具有(you)(you)隱蔽性強(qiang)、發射(she)(she)(she)速度快(最高達1枚/秒(miao))、反應時間短、可全方位攻擊(ji)等優點,而這(zhe)些特(te)點對抗(kang)飽和(he)攻擊(ji)特(te)別重(zhong)要。MK-41在(zai)使用(yong)上(shang)具有(you)(you)很強(qiang)的(de)(de)靈活性,可根據需要靈活配(pei)備除(chu)拉姆防空導(dao)彈(dan)之外(wai)的(de)(de)美(mei)國海軍所有(you)(you)類型的(de)(de)導(dao)彈(dan)。MK-41采用(yong)熱發射(she)(she)(she)技術,導(dao)彈(dan)尾焰在(zai)發射(she)(she)(she)井(jing)內產生的(de)(de)燃氣由(you)專門設(she)計的(de)(de)排氣道來釋(shi)放。
愛宕級現裝備的(de)是標(biao)準(zhun)-2MRBLOCKLⅢA/B防空導彈(dan)(dan)。一般情(qing)況(kuang)下,愛宕級的(de)96個MK-41垂直發(fa)(fa)射(she)系統的(de)發(fa)(fa)射(she)單元混合裝載(zai)80枚標(biao)準(zhun)-2MR防空導彈(dan)(dan)和(he)16枚阿斯洛克反(fan)潛導彈(dan)(dan)(金剛(gang)級總(zong)共(gong)90個發(fa)(fa)射(she)單元,裝載(zai)74枚標(biao)準(zhun)-2MR艦空導彈(dan)(dan)和(he)16枚阿斯洛克反(fan)潛導彈(dan)(dan))。導彈(dan)(dan)可單發(fa)(fa),可多發(fa)(fa)連射(she),最(zui)小發(fa)(fa)射(she)間隔為(wei)1秒。標(biao)準(zhun)-2BLOCKⅢA采用1臺固體火箭發(fa)(fa)動機推(tui)進,彈(dan)(dan)長4.72米(mi)(mi),直徑(jing)0.343米(mi)(mi),翼展1.06米(mi)(mi),發(fa)(fa)射(she)質(zhi)量706.7千(qian)克,飛行速度(du)(du)2.5馬赫,最(zui)大(da)射(she)程(cheng)167千(qian)米(mi)(mi),射(she)高(gao)10~19800米(mi)(mi),采用中段(duan)慣性(xing)加無線電(dian)指令修(xiu)正和(he)末段(duan)半主(zhu)動雷(lei)達自動尋的(de)復合制導。與標(biao)準(zhun)-2BLOCKⅢ相比(bi),BLOCKⅢA型(xing)的(de)射(she)程(cheng)、精度(du)(du)和(he)抗干(gan)擾能力(li)(li)均有(you)大(da)幅(fu)度(du)(du)提高(gao),配(pei)備的(de)MK-125高(gao)爆戰(zhan)斗部的(de)爆片也(ye)具(ju)有(you)更大(da)的(de)速度(du)(du),對來襲目標(biao)的(de)毀傷能力(li)(li)更大(da)。BLOCKⅢB型(xing)具(ju)有(you)雙重半主(zhu)動雷(lei)達導引和(he)紅外線導引,用于超視距目標(biao)或有(you)低雷(lei)達截(jie)面的(de)目標(biao)。
愛(ai)宕級與阿(a)利·伯克級一樣,3部(bu)SPG-62火控(kong)雷(lei)達分(fen)別被安裝在艦(jian)橋頂部(bu)桅(wei)桿(gan)前面和(he)后煙(yan)囪(cong)后面的平臺(tai)上。SPY-1D(V)相控(kong)陣雷(lei)達、3部(bu)SPG-62目標(biao)照(zhao)射雷(lei)達與MK-41導彈垂直發射系統(tong)相結合,能(neng)夠同時攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)空(kong)中12個目標(biao)。再加上高達80~96枚的標(biao)準-2備彈量(liang),使愛(ai)宕級具有強大的抗飽和(he)攻擊能(neng)力。標(biao)準-2BLOCKⅢA/B主要負責單艦(jian)及(ji)艦(jian)隊的中遠程區域(yu)防空(kong),由于(yu)其射程遠,可以對(dui)來襲目標(biao)進行分(fen)批攔(lan)(lan)截(jie),一旦攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)失敗,艦(jian)上的其他近程防御系統(tong)還有充裕時間作出反應,從而(er)使艦(jian)艇的抗擊壓力得以減輕。
愛宕(dang)級在(zai)(zai)艦(jian)(jian)橋前階梯狀平臺和(he)直(zhi)升機庫頂(ding)部各裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)1座MK-15BLOCK1B型(xing)(xing)(xing)密集陣近(jin)程(cheng)防(fang)御(yu)武(wu)器系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong),其前后(hou)布(bu)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)方式可(ke)(ke)實現對從艦(jian)(jian)首艦(jian)(jian)尾及艦(jian)(jian)體兩側來襲的(de)(de)(de)空中目標進行(xing)(xing)全方位攔截。密集陣系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)使(shi)用電力(li)(li)驅(qu)動的(de)(de)(de)6個(ge)20毫米炮(pao)(pao)管,憑借(jie)4500發/分的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)射(she)速在(zai)(zai)短時間內在(zai)(zai)目標來襲路徑(jing)上形成一道密集的(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)墻,從而摧毀低(di)空飛行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)反艦(jian)(jian)導彈(dan)(dan)等超近(jin)程(cheng)目標。MK-15BLOCK1B近(jin)防(fang)武(wu)器系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)是密集陣系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)新(xin)型(xing)(xing)(xing)號,它在(zai)(zai)原(yuan)1A型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上增(zeng)加了(le)紅外搜索跟蹤(zong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi),改進了(le)KU波段搜索與跟蹤(zong)雷(lei)達,可(ke)(ke)提供24小時被動搜索和(he)多光譜探(tan)測(ce)、跟蹤(zong)能力(li)(li),對掠海飛行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)反艦(jian)(jian)導彈(dan)(dan)等目標具有(you)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)攔截能力(li)(li)。BLOCK1B的(de)(de)(de)優化(hua)(hua)炮(pao)(pao)管比1A型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)更(geng)(geng)長(chang)、更(geng)(geng)重,通過簡化(hua)(hua)炮(pao)(pao)彈(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)散射(she)模式和(he)使(shi)用新(xin)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)炮(pao)(pao)口抑制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)提高(gao)了(le)近(jin)防(fang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)射(she)擊精度等。
除了硬(ying)殺傷武器外,艦(jian)上(shang)還裝備有4座MK-36MOD12型(xing)6管(guan)130毫米箔條誘(you)(you)餌發射裝置,可以(yi)靈活發射多種不同用(yong)途(tu)的(de)干擾彈(dan)(dan)藥,如金屬箔條/紅(hong)(hong)外誘(you)(you)餌彈(dan)(dan)、箔條紅(hong)(hong)外混合(he)誘(you)(you)餌彈(dan)(dan)和假目標(biao)誘(you)(you)餌彈(dan)(dan)(射程在2500米),用(yong)于干擾誘(you)(you)騙雷(lei)達、紅(hong)(hong)外制(zhi)導反(fan)(fan)艦(jian)導彈(dan)(dan),并(bing)與(yu)艦(jian)上(shang)的(de)NOLQ-2綜合(he)電子戰系統構(gou)成對抗(kang)反(fan)(fan)艦(jian)導彈(dan)(dan)的(de)完整的(de)主/被動電子對抗(kang)系統。
愛宕級直接引進了(le)美國(guo)宙斯盾作(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成部分SQQ-89(V)10綜(zong)合反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)作(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong),而沒(mei)有采(cai)(cai)用(yong)金剛級上的(de)(de)(de)OQS-102型球(qiu)鼻首聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na)和OQR-2型拖(tuo)(tuo)曳線(xian)列陣(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na)。SQQ-89(V)10反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)作(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)是SQQ-89(V)反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)作(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)最新(xin)型號,主要由(you)SQS-53C低頻艦(jian)殼聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na)、SQR-19(V)2戰(zhan)術被動(dong)(dong)低頻拖(tuo)(tuo)曳線(xian)列陣(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na)、SQQ-28蘭普斯輕型機載多(duo)用(yong)途系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、MK-116-7反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)火控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)和相關武器系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、UYQ-25水(shui)聲(sheng)(sheng)傳(chuan)播(bo)預報數(shu)據處理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)等組(zu)成。SQS-53C布置在艦(jian)首的(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)鼻首內(nei),是美國(guo)現役最先進的(de)(de)(de)大(da)型主/被動(dong)(dong)數(shu)字(zi)化艦(jian)殼搜索/攻擊(ji)聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na),以主動(dong)(dong)方式工作(zuo)時(shi)最遠對潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)探(tan)測(ce)(ce)距離為65千米(mi)(mi)。其(qi)圓柱(zhu)形基陣(zhen)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)了(le)大(da)量高清(qing)度聽音(yin)器,具(ju)有探(tan)測(ce)(ce)跟蹤水(shui)下目標(biao)(包(bao)括潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)艇(ting)、水(shui)雷、魚(yu)(yu)雷)、主動(dong)(dong)精(jing)確(que)測(ce)(ce)距、被動(dong)(dong)監視及水(shui)下通信等多(duo)種(zhong)功能(neng),并(bing)為反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)導彈、反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)魚(yu)(yu)雷以及拖(tuo)(tuo)曳式反(fan)魚(yu)(yu)雷誘餌提供精(jing)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)數(shu)據。由(you)于(yu)(yu)聲(sheng)(sheng)學基陣(zhen)較大(da),SQS-53C對淺(qian)水(shui)水(shui)域的(de)(de)(de)低噪聲(sheng)(sheng)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)艇(ting)和低速航行的(de)(de)(de)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)艇(ting)有較好的(de)(de)(de)探(tan)測(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li),據稱是唯一能(neng)夠有效探(tan)測(ce)(ce)俄制基洛(luo)級常規潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)艇(ting)的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na)。SQR-19(V)2拖(tuo)(tuo)曳線(xian)列陣(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na)位于(yu)(yu)艦(jian)尾左舷的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)密門內(nei),主要用(yong)于(yu)(yu)對潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)遠距離被動(dong)(dong)探(tan)測(ce)(ce)、噪聲(sheng)(sheng)測(ce)(ce)向、跟蹤和識別,并(bing)引導反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)直升機前往(wang)攻擊(ji)海域。該聲(sheng)(sheng)吶(na)(na)整體性(xing)能(neng)十(shi)分先進,采(cai)(cai)用(yong)了(le)1700米(mi)(mi)長的(de)(de)(de)拖(tuo)(tuo)纜,線(xian)陣(zhen)列長245米(mi)(mi),拖(tuo)(tuo)曳深度365米(mi)(mi),數(shu)據處理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)應用(yong)了(le)全新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)字(zi)式高容量計算(suan)機系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong),最遠可探(tan)測(ce)(ce)到130千米(mi)(mi)外的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)下潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)艇(ting)。
愛(ai)宕級有16個MK-41垂直發(fa)(fa)射(she)單元裝(zhuang)備阿(a)斯(si)洛克(ke)(ke)反潛(qian)導彈,備彈16枚(mei)。垂直發(fa)(fa)射(she)型阿(a)斯(si)洛克(ke)(ke)反潛(qian)導彈是日本(ben)所有具備導彈垂直發(fa)(fa)射(she)能力(li)的(de)驅逐艦的(de)標準反潛(qian)武器(qi)系統。導彈長4.87米(mi),直徑0.358米(mi),發(fa)(fa)射(she)質量(liang)639千(qian)克(ke)(ke),采用(yong)固體火箭發(fa)(fa)動機(ji)推(tui)進,戰斗部裝(zhuang)MK-46MOD5反潛(qian)魚(yu)雷,最大(da)射(she)程(cheng)20千(qian)米(mi),可對(dui)處于水深40~1000米(mi)的(de)潛(qian)艇展開攻擊。日本(ben)正在(zai)以97式魚(yu)雷為戰斗部研制國產新型阿(a)斯(si)洛克(ke)(ke)反潛(qian)導彈。
除了阿斯洛克反(fan)(fan)潛導彈以外,該艦的反(fan)(fan)潛武(wu)器系統(tong)還包(bao)括設在艦后部(bu)兩舷的2座HOS-302型(xing)(xing)(68式(shi)(shi))旋(xuan)轉式(shi)(shi)三聯(lian)裝324毫米(mi)魚雷發射(she)管,通(tong)過艦內遙控操作來發射(she)MK-46-5反(fan)(fan)潛魚雷及73式(shi)(shi)輕型(xing)(xing)反(fan)(fan)潛魚雷。
MK-46MOD5型(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)MK-46魚(yu)雷(lei)的(de)最新改進(jin)型(xing)(xing),其(qi)(qi)尋的(de)段、導引(yin)段、引(yin)信及動力(li)(li)(li)系統(tong)均經過了大(da)幅技術改造,從而(er)具(ju)有更好的(de)抗干擾能力(li)(li)(li)和(he)識別、捕捉目標能力(li)(li)(li),可以更加(jia)有效地對付(fu)裝(zhuang)有消(xiao)聲瓦的(de)現代低噪聲潛(qian)艇(ting)。MK-46MOD5型(xing)(xing)魚(yu)雷(lei)的(de)另一個(ge)特點是增(zeng)強了在(zai)淺水區對付(fu)潛(qian)艇(ting)的(de)能力(li)(li)(li),甚至(zhi)可命(ming)中浮在(zai)水面上的(de)潛(qian)艇(ting)。MK-46MOD5型(xing)(xing)魚(yu)雷(lei)采用壓縮空氣(qi)推進(jin),自(zi)導方式為(wei)(wei)主/被動聲自(zi)導,長2.67米(mi)(mi),直(zhi)(zhi)徑0.328米(mi)(mi),重235千克(ke),彈頭重44.49千克(ke),采用雙航速(su)(搜(sou)索(suo)(suo)階(jie)段為(wei)(wei)低航速(su),攻(gong)擊時(shi)為(wei)(wei)高航速(su))航行,最高航速(su)44節,射程(cheng)11千米(mi)(mi)/40節,作(zuo)戰深(shen)度6.1~457.2米(mi)(mi),其(qi)(qi)制導精度很高,并(bing)具(ju)有多次重復攻(gong)擊的(de)能力(li)(li)(li),制導系統(tong)在(zai)丟失目標后可重新進(jin)入搜(sou)索(suo)(suo)狀態,直(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)動力(li)(li)(li)耗(hao)盡為(wei)(wei)止(zhi)。
愛(ai)宕級(ji)在艦(jian)尾增設(she)了(le)1座直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)庫(ku),搭(da)載1架SH-60K反(fan)(fan)潛直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),并在機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)庫(ku)內設(she)有(you)防(fang)空導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)和反(fan)(fan)潛武器庫(ku),比金剛(gang)級(ji)在直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)用上(shang)更具(ju)有(you)靈活性。SH-60K是SH-60直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改進型,在SH-60J的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)身加(jia)長了(le)0.4米(mi)(mi)(mi),最(zui)大起飛重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)增加(jia)近1噸,達到(dao)10.89噸。該(gai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)最(zui)大飛行(xing)(xing)速(su)度250千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/小時(shi),升(sheng)(sheng)限(xian)3810米(mi)(mi)(mi),航程1110千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi),續航時(shi)間4.2小時(shi),作戰(zhan)(zhan)半徑(jing)200千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。SH-60K的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大改進是水下(xia)探測設(she)備(bei)(bei)獲得升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)。其裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)有(you)日本(ben)自行(xing)(xing)研制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進低頻(pin)主動吊放聲吶(na)(na),可有(you)效(xiao)對付裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)消(xiao)聲瓦(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低噪聲潛艇(ting),性能(neng)(neng)相(xiang)當于美國海軍AQS-22低頻(pin)聲吶(na)(na)。該(gai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)配備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ISAR逆合成(cheng)孔徑(jing)雷(lei)達,通過解析(xi)目標(biao)反(fan)(fan)射的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷(lei)達波(bo)多(duo)普勒偏(pian)移,可以識別目標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀,并可得到(dao)類似照片質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分辨率,對水面艦(jian)艇(ting)目標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)搜(sou)索距離超過250千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。SH-60K還裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)有(you)聲吶(na)(na)浮標(biao)投放器、磁探測儀和前視(shi)紅外傳(chuan)感(gan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)等探測設(she)備(bei)(bei),戰(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)情(qing)報顯示裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)報警裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、雷(lei)達干擾箔條和煙霧(wu)閃(shan)光(guang)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)發射裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)也得到(dao)升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji),并增加(jia)了(le)與海上(shang)幕僚(liao)監部系統對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)情(qing)報處(chu)理(li)、顯示功能(neng)(neng)和僚(liao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)進行(xing)(xing)戰(zhan)(zhan)術(shu)情(qing)報交換的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)。SH-60K直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)加(jia)長了(le)兩翼武器掛(gua)架,攜帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)潛武器比SH-60直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)多(duo)了(le)日本(ben)自行(xing)(xing)研制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)97式(shi)反(fan)(fan)潛魚(yu)雷(lei),該(gai)魚(yu)雷(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)體較(jiao)MK-46略(lve)長,重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)也相(xiang)應增加(jia),因此(ci)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)使用SH-60J的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)掛(gua)架。97式(shi)采用雙航速(su)(搜(sou)索階段為低航速(su)、攻擊(ji)時(shi)為高航速(su))航行(xing)(xing),配備(bei)(bei)有(you)威力(li)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)形(xing)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)藥彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)頭,不(bu)但可攻擊(ji)高速(su)、深(shen)潛目標(biao),還增強了(le)在淺水區對付潛艇(ting)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。SH-60K執行(xing)(xing)反(fan)(fan)潛任務時(shi),通常搭(da)載2枚反(fan)(fan)潛魚(yu)雷(lei)或(huo)MK-64深(shen)水炸彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。SH-60K還新增了(le)激光(guang)制(zhi)導的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)海爾法導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(可掛(gua)4枚,射程8千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi))和7.62毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)槍,從而具(ju)備(bei)(bei)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)艦(jian)作戰(zhan)(zhan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。此(ci)外,SH-60K保留了(le)SH-60直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)艦(jian)導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)中繼制(zhi)導功能(neng)(neng)。
愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)前級(ji)金剛級(ji)裝(zhuang)備(bei)有2座(zuo)四(si)聯裝(zhuang)魚(yu)叉(cha)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),而愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)則換裝(zhuang)了外型相(xiang)似的(de)2座(zuo)四(si)聯裝(zhuang)90式(shi)(shi)反(fan)艦(jian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(SSM-1B)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(備(bei)有8枚90式(shi)(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan))。愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)2座(zuo)90式(shi)(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)布置(zhi)在2座(zuo)煙囪之間,這(zhe)種發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)也可(ke)以發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)魚(yu)叉(cha)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)。愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)使用(yong)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)研制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)WPC-1A武(wu)(wu)器(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)來(lai)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)90式(shi)(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan),WPC-1A通過(guo)接收來(lai)自(zi)艦(jian)上指揮(hui)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數據,解算發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)相(xiang)關數據,進行任務規(gui)劃,并(bing)確(que)定導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)時(shi)機。除使用(yong)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)研制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)WPC-1A武(wu)(wu)器(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)外,90式(shi)(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)也可(ke)使用(yong)魚(yu)叉(cha)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)AN/SWG-1A武(wu)(wu)器(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。90式(shi)(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)是(shi)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)上個世紀90年代初期自(zi)行研制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成功的(de)反(fan)艦(jian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan),裝(zhuang)備(bei)了村雨級(ji)護衛艦(jian)和高波級(ji)護衛艦(jian)以及隼級(ji)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)艇等海(hai)自(zi)新一代艦(jian)艇。90式(shi)(shi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)長5.09米(mi)(mi),彈(dan)(dan)(dan)徑0.35米(mi)(mi),彈(dan)(dan)(dan)重667千克(ke),推進裝(zhuang)置(zhi)采用(yong)1臺渦輪噴(pen)氣發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)動機,飛行速(su)度0.9馬(ma)赫,最大射(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)程150千米(mi)(mi),單發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)命(ming)中概(gai)率95%。
愛宕級在(zai)(zai)艦(jian)橋前甲板上裝(zhuang)備有(you)1門采用隱身設計的(de)(de)(de)(de)MK-45MOD4型127毫米62倍徑(jing)全自(zi)動(dong)(dong)艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)。該艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)除(chu)打擊海(hai)上目標外,還(huan)具有(you)很(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)精確(que)對(dui)地攻(gong)擊能(neng)(neng)力(li),并可(ke)(ke)用于攻(gong)擊低(di)速(su)飛機。MK-45MOD4艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)是美(mei)(mei)國海(hai)軍MK-45艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)新(xin)型號,也是美(mei)(mei)海(hai)軍在(zai)(zai)役(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)能(neng)(neng)夠發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)新(xin)型彈(dan)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)。與以前的(de)(de)(de)(de)MK-45MOD2相(xiang)比,在(zai)(zai)反(fan)應能(neng)(neng)力(li)、適應能(neng)(neng)力(li)、毀傷能(neng)(neng)力(li)、可(ke)(ke)維護性、自(zi)動(dong)(dong)化程度(du)等(deng)方面都有(you)了很(hen)大提高,是世(shi)界上最(zui)先進的(de)(de)(de)(de)大口徑(jing)主艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)。除(chu)可(ke)(ke)發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)MK-45MOD2使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)常規(gui)炮(pao)(pao)彈(dan)外,MK-45MOD4型還(huan)可(ke)(ke)發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)美(mei)(mei)海(hai)軍新(xin)研制的(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)成本(ben)競爭型彈(dan)藥(yao)(yao)、MK-172新(xin)型子母炮(pao)(pao)彈(dan)及其(qi)高能(neng)(neng)發(fa)射(she)(she)(she)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)(yao)等(deng)。MK-45MOD4型艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)除(chu)射(she)(she)(she)速(su)略(lve)遜(xun)于金(jin)剛級驅逐艦(jian)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)奧托(tuo)·梅萊拉127毫米全自(zi)動(dong)(dong)艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)(射(she)(she)(she)速(su)45發(fa)/分)外,在(zai)(zai)對(dui)地/對(dui)艦(jian)攻(gong)擊能(neng)(neng)力(li)上具有(you)很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)。愛宕級是日本(ben)海(hai)上自(zi)衛隊第一(yi)艘裝(zhuang)備MK-45MOD4艦(jian)炮(pao)(pao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)驅逐艦(jian),其(qi)使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)MK-45MOD4由日本(ben)鋼鐵公司(si)引進美(mei)(mei)國專利生產(chan)。
愛宕(dang)(dang)級(ji)上裝(zhuang)備的SH-60K反潛直升機,除可(ke)擔任(ren)反潛、警戒及(ji)反艦(jian)(jian)(jian)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)中繼制導(dao)等任(ren)務外(wai),還可(ke)使用(yong)(yong)AGM-114地獄(yu)火(huo)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)和(he)機槍(qiang)攻(gong)擊(ji)(ji)小(xiao)型艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇。此外(wai),愛宕(dang)(dang)級(ji)裝(zhuang)備的標準-2BLOCKⅢA/B艦(jian)(jian)(jian)空(kong)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)作(zuo)超音速(su)反艦(jian)(jian)(jian)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)使用(yong)(yong),以2馬赫的速(su)度攻(gong)擊(ji)(ji)40千(qian)米(mi)內(nei)的水面艦(jian)(jian)(jian)艇。艦(jian)(jian)(jian)上的2座(zuo)密集陣BLOCK1B型近防武器系統,也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于對2500米(mi)內(nei)的可(ke)疑船或自(zi)殺艇等小(xiao)型高速(su)水面目(mu)標進行攔阻(zu)射擊(ji)(ji)。愛宕(dang)(dang)級(ji)還裝(zhuang)備有2~4挺12.7毫(hao)米(mi)機槍(qiang)以對付日益嚴重的海上恐怖(bu)行動的威脅。
愛(ai)宕級采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)線7.1型(xing)宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)(dun)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)最新(xin)升級版本(ben),韓(han)國(guo)世宗大(da)王(wang)號驅(qu)(qu)逐艦和澳(ao)大(da)利亞建造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)霍(huo)巴特級驅(qu)(qu)逐艦也選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)(le)該版本(ben)。基(ji)線7.1型(xing)反(fan)映(ying)了(le)(le)(le)宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)(dun)作戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)基(ji)本(ben)結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最新(xin)進(jin)(jin)展,具有(you)極強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)海(hai)上(shang)區域監(jian)控(kong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),尤其是(shi)提(ti)高了(le)(le)(le)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)防(fang)御能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),成(cheng)為美(mei)(mei)國(guo)海(hai)軍海(hai)上(shang)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)防(fang)御體系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心。其主要改進(jin)(jin)包括輔助傳感器、改進(jin)(jin)型(xing)戰(zhan)(zhan)斧(fu)(fu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)、寬戰(zhan)(zhan)區彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)防(fang)御系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和先進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)處(chu)理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)等裝備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)升級。基(ji)線7.1系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)處(chu)理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)首(shou)次采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)(le)完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現成(cheng)商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)(dun)先進(jin)(jin)處(chu)理(li)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)運(yun)作架構(gou),把原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)AN/UYK-43一(yi)類美(mei)(mei)國(guo)海(hai)軍標準計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)徹底轉向商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)環(huan)境,運(yun)算(suan)(suan)速度(du)比金剛級提(ti)高了(le)(le)(le)960倍,從而(er)具備更快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)應(ying)速度(du),增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)了(le)(le)(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效能(neng)(neng)(neng),同時(shi)也是(shi)向開發式(shi)結構(gou)轉變的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵一(yi)步。SPY-1D(V)相控(kong)陣雷達(da)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)(dun)基(ji)線7型(xing)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要組成(cheng)部分,它具備自動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自適應(ying)雷達(da)模式(shi)控(kong)制能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)和更加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗電子(zi)干擾能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),在(zai)雷達(da)發射機(ji)(ji)(ji)、信(xin)號處(chu)理(li)與(yu)控(kong)制計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)都進(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)(le)改進(jin)(jin),具有(you)高速追(zhui)蹤(zong)和垂(chui)直搜索追(zhui)蹤(zong)目(mu)標能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),提(ti)高了(le)(le)(le)探測低空掠(lve)海(hai)目(mu)標(如掠(lve)海(hai)飛(fei)行反(fan)艦導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan))和瀕海(hai)環(huan)境中(zhong)操作時(shi)濾除海(hai)面(mian)雜波的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li),并增(zeng)加(jia)協同作戰(zhan)(zhan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。與(yu)金剛級采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SPY-1D相比,SPY-1D(V)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改進(jin)(jin)是(shi)提(ti)高了(le)(le)(le)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)探測能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。SPY-1D雷達(da)只能(neng)(neng)(neng)及時(shi)探測到像(xiang)飛(fei)毛腿一(yi)類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)近程(cheng)低速彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),而(er)愛(ai)宕級則能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠早期發現射程(cheng)比較遠(yuan)(yuan)、末端速度(du)很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)遠(yuan)(yuan)程(cheng)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。日本(ben)引進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)(dun)基(ji)線7.1系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)海(hai)軍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)版本(ben)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不同是(shi)刪除了(le)(le)(le)戰(zhan)(zhan)斧(fu)(fu)巡航導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)武器控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),不具備發射戰(zhan)(zhan)斧(fu)(fu)巡航導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。此(ci)外,美(mei)(mei)國(guo)海(hai)軍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)(dun)基(ji)線7.1系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水下作戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)遠(yuan)(yuan)程(cheng)遙控(kong)獵雷系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),不過日本(ben)海(hai)上(shang)自衛隊有(you)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水面(mian)反(fan)水雷力(li)(li)(li)量支援,可能(neng)(neng)(neng)沒有(you)裝備該獵雷系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。
愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)的(de)主要電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)統為(wei)NOLQ-2綜(zong)合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)統,其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)支援(yuan)/對(dui)抗(kang)(ESM/ECM)天線分(fen)別位(wei)于(yu)桅桿頂部以及艦橋頂部左(zuo)右兩側(ce)。NOLQ-2是(shi)日本在美國SLQ-32綜(zong)合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)基礎上自行(xing)研制的(de),主要用于(yu)360度全(quan)方(fang)位(wei)內對(dui)探測到(dao)的(de)信(xin)號(hao)自動分(fen)類、更新、識(shi)別和(he)(he)評(ping)估,并對(dui)威脅本艦的(de)輻射(she)源(yuan)進行(xing)收集、識(shi)別、測向、告警。NOLQ-2能夠覆蓋從甚高頻到(dao)18兆赫(he)茲(zi)的(de)絕大多(duo)數雷(lei)達、通(tong)(tong)信(xin)工作(zuo)頻段(duan),而且工作(zuo)功率也很高,性能不(bu)亞于(yu)美國海(hai)軍的(de)SLQ-32(V)2/3綜(zong)合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)統,在某(mou)些方(fang)面(mian)還有(you)所超出。NOLQ-2綜(zong)合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)統除具有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)偵察(cha)功能外(wai)(wai),還具有(you)轉發式(shi)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)、應答式(shi)假目標(biao)(biao)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)、噪(zao)聲干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)和(he)(he)箔條(tiao)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)功能,能夠實施有(you)源(yuan)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)和(he)(he)無源(yuan)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao),因此具有(you)完善的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)偵察(cha)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)抗(kang)能力。此外(wai)(wai),愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)上的(de)4座(zuo)MK-36MOD12型(xing)箔條(tiao)誘(you)餌(er)發射(she)裝置(zhi)也可(ke)以作(zuo)為(wei)NOLQ-2綜(zong)合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)組成部分(fen),通(tong)(tong)過(guo)發射(she)金屬箔條(tiao)/紅外(wai)(wai)誘(you)餌(er)彈(dan)(dan)和(he)(he)假目標(biao)(biao)誘(you)餌(er)彈(dan)(dan)來與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)偵察(cha)、干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)系(xi)(xi)統配套使用來對(dui)抗(kang)反(fan)艦導彈(dan)(dan)。
在魚(yu)雷(lei)對(dui)抗方面(mian),愛宕級艦(jian)尾部靠近水線部位右側并排(pai)布置了2個圓孔,用于收放日本(ben)國產4型拖曳式魚(yu)雷(lei)誘(you)餌(er)。4型拖曳式魚(yu)雷(lei)誘(you)餌(er)通(tong)過發(fa)(fa)出模(mo)擬艦(jian)艇航行的(de)噪聲來(lai)誘(you)騙(pian)敵(di)方魚(yu)雷(lei)。該艦(jian)在設計(ji)上留有(you)將(jiang)來(lai)引進日本(ben)防衛(wei)省技術研究本(ben)部正(zheng)在開發(fa)(fa)的(de)新型魚(yu)雷(lei)對(dui)抗措施(shi)的(de)空間。
參考諸元
標準排水量
7,700噸
滿載排水量
10,050噸
艦長
165米
舷寬
21米
吃水
6.2米
動力
COGAG
4×LM2500燃氣渦輪機/100000
雙軸CRP 雙舵
乘員
310人
最高速度
30節
續航力
7000 海里/19節
兩(liang)艘愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)(DDG-177、178)分別在(zai)2005年(nian)8月24日(ri)與(yu)2006年(nian)8月30日(ri)下水,并依(yi)序于(yu)(yu)2007年(nian)3月15日(ri)與(yu)2008年(nian)3月13日(ri)交艦成軍。由(you)于(yu)(yu)日(ri)本政(zheng)府對于(yu)(yu)朝鮮(xian)大(da)力發展(zhan)彈(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)倍感威脅,所以兩(liang)艘這(zhe)(zhe)愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)的(de)(de)重要任務便是對彈(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)進(jin)行(xing)預警與(yu)防(fang)(fang)御。也因此(ci),這(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)艘愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)分別編入(ru)舞鶴(臨日(ri)本海(hai))的(de)(de)第(di)三護衛(wei)群 (愛(ai)宕(dang)號),以及位于(yu)(yu)佐世保(在(zai)九(jiu)州北部,負責東海(hai)、黃(huang)海(hai))的(de)(de)第(di)二(er)護衛(wei)群(足柄號),屏障(zhang)日(ri)本的(de)(de)西側(ce),防(fang)(fang)堵中國(guo)(guo)與(yu)朝鮮(xian)瞄準(zhun)日(ri)本的(de)(de)東風(feng)-21中程(cheng)彈(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)與(yu)大(da)浦(pu)洞1型(xing)中程(cheng)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)。完成反(fan)彈(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)能力后的(de)(de)金剛級(ji) 與(yu)愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)兩(liang)型(xing)宙(zhou)(zhou)斯盾艦, 與(yu)部署(shu)于(yu)(yu)陸上的(de)(de)愛(ai)國(guo)(guo)者PAC-3構成日(ri)本的(de)(de)兩(liang)層(ceng)彈(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)防(fang)(fang)御網:當敵方彈(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)升空后,先由(you)外海(hai)的(de)(de)宙(zhou)(zhou)斯盾艦發射標準(zhun)SM-3在(zai)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)中途(大(da)氣層(ceng)外)進(jin)行(xing)首波攔截(jie);如(ru)有漏網之魚穿(chuan)越,后方的(de)(de)愛(ai)國(guo)(guo)者PAC-3則(ze)在(zai)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)下落階(jie)段展(zhan)開第(di)二(er)波攔截(jie)。
在(zai)(zai)2008年2月(yue)19日(ri)凌晨,剛(gang)結束一(yi)次遠航測試(包含(han)在(zai)(zai)夏威夷進行實彈(dan)射擊(ji))任(ren)務的(de)(de)愛宕號(hao)在(zai)(zai)返回橫須賀港(gang)的(de)(de)途中,于千葉縣南方(fang)的(de)(de)近海不慎撞沉一(yi)艘小(xiao)型(xing)漁(yu)船,造成船上兩名(ming)漁(yu)夫失蹤。由于這些(xie)漁(yu)船都是7.5噸的(de)(de)小(xiao)舢舨(ban),加上近岸背(bei)景回波的(de)(de)強烈(lie)干擾,愛宕號(hao)的(de)(de)導航雷達無法(fa)有效發現(xian)這些(xie)漁(yu)船; 而(er)愛宕號(hao)方(fang)面的(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)因素也占有重要成分(fen),事發之(zhi)前艦(jian)橋值(zhi)班人(ren)員(yuan)剛(gang)剛(gang)完成輪替(ti),在(zai)(zai)暗夜突(tu)然遭遇(yu)大(da)批小(xiao)型(xing)漁(yu)船,很容易產生疏失 ,而(er)事后(hou)調(diao)查更(geng)發現(xian)當時艦(jian)長與副艦(jian)長都在(zai)(zai)寢室休(xiu)息(xi),艦(jian)上值(zhi)更(geng)官也不在(zai)(zai)崗位上。這件意外在(zai)(zai)日(ri)本輿(yu)論引發一(yi)陣強烈(lie)反(fan)響,受到一(yi)連串(chuan)的(de)(de)批評(ping)。
愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)針對的(de)(de)(de)(de)并不(bu)僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)朝鮮,隨著朝鮮局勢升級(ji)(ji)(ji),愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)部署到黃海,黃海是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)海防前哨,遼東(dong)和(he)膠東(dong)半島(dao)更(geng)是(shi)拱衛首都(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)屏障,此(ci)間分布(bu)著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)眾多的(de)(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)事基(ji)地,如旅順和(he)青(qing)島(dao)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)海軍(jun)重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)港(gang)口和(he)基(ji)地,后者更(geng)是(shi)有可能成為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)第一艘航(hang)母(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)駐泊(bo)地,另外中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)第一艘航(hang)母(mu)正在本海域(yu)進(jin)行(xing)頻繁(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)試驗、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)核潛艇(ting)造船廠(chang)及基(ji)地離此(ci)不(bu)遠,因此(ci)愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)可以(yi)憑借其先(xian)進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)探(tan)(tan)測系(xi)統對于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)海、空軍(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部署及訓練(lian)(lian)情(qing)(qing)況進(jin)行(xing)偵察,搜集相關情(qing)(qing)報(bao),特別是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)第一艘航(hang)母(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)試驗和(he)訓練(lian)(lian)更(geng)是(shi)美(mei)日等(deng)國(guo)(guo)關注的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點,愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)可以(yi)通過探(tan)(tan)測中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)航(hang)母(mu)艦載(zai)機、探(tan)(tan)測相關系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)子情(qing)(qing)報(bao),從而推(tui)測中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)航(hang)母(mu)及艦載(zai)機訓練(lian)(lian)水平(ping),以(yi)及航(hang)母(mu)形成作戰能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)致時間。