20世紀90年(nian)代,日(ri)本(ben)以美(mei)國(guo)海軍(jun)阿利(li)·伯克Ⅰ級驅(qu)(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)為藍本(ben),引進宙斯(si)(si)盾作戰(zhan)系統,建造了(le)(le)4艘裝備標準-2MR遠程區(qu)域(yu)防(fang)(fang)空(kong)導彈的金(jin)剛級驅(qu)(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian),從而(er)成(cheng)為繼美(mei)國(guo)之后(hou)第二個擁有(you)宙斯(si)(si)盾驅(qu)(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)的國(guo)家(jia)。日(ri)本(ben)海上自衛隊的核(he)心(xin):4個護衛隊群(俗稱的八(ba)八(ba)艦(jian)(jian)隊)以金(jin)剛級為核(he)心(xin)各配備了(le)(le)2艘防(fang)(fang)空(kong)驅(qu)(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian),防(fang)(fang)空(kong)作戰(zhan)能(neng)力(li)由此獲得極(ji)大提(ti)高(gao)。
但日(ri)(ri)本并未滿足,在(zai)上(shang)(shang)世紀90年代(dai)末期即以(yi)朝鮮彈道(dao)導(dao)彈威脅為(wei)借(jie)口,對海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)自衛隊提出了海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)彈道(dao)導(dao)彈防(fang)御的(de)(de)需(xu)求。此外,設計于(yu)上(shang)(shang)世紀70年代(dai)的(de)(de)3艘太刀風(feng)級(ji)導(dao)彈驅逐艦性能逐漸落伍,難(nan)以(yi)滿足艦隊防(fang)空作戰要(yao)求。因此,日(ri)(ri)本決定在(zai)金剛級(ji)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)(shang)發(fa)展(zhan)一型(xing)擁有強(qiang)大區域(yu)防(fang)空能力(li)(li)和一定攔截彈道(dao)導(dao)彈能力(li)(li)的(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)宙斯(si)(si)盾(dun)驅逐艦。2000年12月日(ri)(ri)本防(fang)衛廳發(fa)表的(de)(de)《新(xin)中(zhong)期防(fang)衛力(li)(li)量整備計劃(hua)》中(zhong)正式批準建造2艘新(xin)型(xing)宙斯(si)(si)盾(dun)驅逐艦,代(dai)號為(wei)14DDG和15DDG,以(yi)美國海(hai)(hai)軍阿利(li)·伯克(ke)級(ji)驅逐艦FlightⅡA構型(xing)平克(ke)尼號(DDG-91)為(wei)藍本,并分別于(yu)2002年和2003年通過預算授權(quan)。
新型宙斯(si)盾驅逐(zhu)艦首艦愛宕號于(yu)2004年(nian)4月(yue)5日(ri)(ri)開(kai)(kai)工,2005年(nian)8月(yue)24日(ri)(ri)下水。2號艦足柄號于(yu)2005年(nian)4月(yue)6日(ri)(ri)開(kai)(kai)工,2006年(nian)8月(yue)30日(ri)(ri)下水,配屬日(ri)(ri)本(ben)佐世保基地的(de)(de)海(hai)上自衛(wei)隊(dui)第2護衛(wei)隊(dui)群。2艦均由(you)三(san)菱重(zhong)工長崎造(zao)(zao)船廠(chang)建造(zao)(zao),每(mei)艘建造(zao)(zao)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)約13億美(mei)元。艦名均沿用(yong)(yong)了二戰時期日(ri)(ri)本(ben)海(hai)軍重(zhong)巡洋艦的(de)(de)艦名,可見其在日(ri)(ri)本(ben)海(hai)自的(de)(de)地位(wei)。2艦服(fu)役(yi)后將取代2艘太刀(dao)風級導(dao)彈(dan)驅逐(zhu)艦,日(ri)(ri)本(ben)還計劃(hua)在2018年(nian)前再(zai)建造(zao)(zao)2艘愛宕級來取代護衛(wei)艦隊(dui)中的(de)(de)2艘旗風級驅逐(zhu)艦,屆(jie)時日(ri)(ri)本(ben)將繼續(xu)保持(chi)全球(qiu)僅次(ci)于(yu)美(mei)國的(de)(de)第二大宙斯(si)盾艦擁有國的(de)(de)地位(wei)。
愛(ai)(ai)宕級(ji)(ji)是(shi)在(zai)金剛級(ji)(ji)基礎上發展起來的(de),二者具有(you)相同(tong)(tong)的(de)艦(jian)體和動力裝(zhuang)置,不過一愛(ai)(ai)宕級(ji)(ji)在(zai)設(she)計上吸收(shou)了(le)美國海(hai)軍伯(bo)克級(ji)(ji)驅逐艦(jian)的(de)特點(dian),增加了(le)1座直升機(ji)庫,煙囪和上層建(jian)筑的(de)形狀為了(le)提高隱身性(xing)能也略(lve)做了(le)修(xiu)改(gai),外觀上和金剛級(ji)(ji)有(you)所不同(tong)(tong),噸位也較大(da)。
愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)艦(jian)(jian)型(xing)采用(yong)了(le)流行的長(chang)(chang)(chang)首(shou)樓高(gao)平甲板、小長(chang)(chang)(chang)寬比、高(gao)干舷、方(fang)尾設計,艦(jian)(jian)首(shou)高(gao)大(da)(da)尖(jian)瘦(shou),前(qian)傾明顯,艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)橫向剖面為(wei)深(shen)V型(xing),艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)寬大(da)(da)且明顯外(wai)飄(piao),從艦(jian)(jian)中(zhong)部(bu)到艦(jian)(jian)尾型(xing)寬變化(hua)不大(da)(da)。這種艦(jian)(jian)型(xing)有利(li)于(yu)增加(jia)(jia)內部(bu)空間,利(li)于(yu)艦(jian)(jian)的內部(bu)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)布置,并可以(yi)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)減輕艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的橫搖和(he)縱搖,增強艦(jian)(jian)艇在高(gao)速航行時的穩定(ding)性(xing),從而使軍艦(jian)(jian)具有更好的適航性(xing)、穩定(ding)性(xing)和(he)機(ji)動性(xing)。艦(jian)(jian)上(shang)全封閉(bi)式上(shang)層(ceng)建(jian)筑(zhu)以(yi)一體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)化(hua)設計集中(zhong)在艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)部(bu),占艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度1/2以(yi)上(shang)。愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)和(he)金剛級(ji)(ji)的艦(jian)(jian)橋較阿利(li)·伯克級(ji)(ji)多了(le)1層(ceng)指揮甲板,因(yin)此更加(jia)(jia)高(gao)大(da)(da),SPY-1D多功能相控陣雷(lei)達(da)4個陣面的布置也(ye)提高(gao)1層(ceng),有利(li)于(yu)擴大(da)(da)SPY-1D雷(lei)達(da)的視界。愛(ai)宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)在上(shang)層(ceng)建(jian)筑(zhu)尾部(bu)設立了(le)1座(zuo)直升(sheng)機(ji)庫,而金剛級(ji)(ji)僅(jin)僅(jin)配備了(le)1個飛行平臺和(he)燃料設施。MK-41垂(chui)直發射系(xi)統(tong)較前(qian)級(ji)(ji)增加(jia)(jia)了(le)6個發射單(dan)元(yuan),布局也(ye)由(you)金剛級(ji)(ji)的前(qian)29單(dan)元(yuan)(艦(jian)(jian)橋前(qian)甲板)后(hou)(甲板)61單(dan)元(yuan)變為(wei)前(qian)64單(dan)元(yuan)后(hou)32單(dan)元(yuan)(直升(sheng)機(ji)庫頂部(bu))。
為了增(zeng)強防護和生存力,艦(jian)身和上層建筑(zhu)全部采(cai)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)制結(jie)構(gou),重要(yao)系統均經過抗沖擊(ji)加(jia)固,特(te)別是(shi)暴露在主艦(jian)體之外(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)戰斗部位(wei),都使用(yong)了高碳鎳鉻鉬鋼(gang)(gang),具有很(hen)強的(de)(de)抗沖擊(ji)性(xing)。全艦(jian)裝設了三(san)防(防護核(he)、生物和化學(xue)武器)用(yong)的(de)(de)過濾通風(feng)系統,在遭到核(he)生化武器襲擊(ji)的(de)(de)情況下,艦(jian)內(nei)增(zeng)壓系統啟(qi)動,使艙內(nei)氣(qi)壓高于外(wai)(wai)界并與外(wai)(wai)界空氣(qi)完全隔絕,清洗(xi)區域(yu)亦與艦(jian)內(nei)過濾通風(feng)系統完全隔離,此(ci)外(wai)(wai)在甲板上也(ye)裝有大功率(lv)的(de)(de)灑水裝置。
愛宕級(ji)在設計上(shang)(shang)較(jiao)金剛級(ji)更加(jia)重(zhong)視隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)性(xing)能,艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)建筑(zhu)外形(xing)(xing)上(shang)(shang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了新的流線(xian)形(xing)(xing)隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)設計,顯得更加(jia)整潔。與金剛級(ji)一樣,愛宕級(ji)水線(xian)以上(shang)(shang)艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)外飄,上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)建筑(zhu)為倒V字形(xing)(xing),外壁采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了傾斜(xie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)設計,邊角采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了圓弧(hu)過渡(du),這(zhe)樣可避免艦(jian)(jian)體(ti)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)形(xing)(xing)成垂(chui)直(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian),使(shi)敵方(fang)雷達接收到的回波強度大為減弱,從而達到隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)目的。愛宕級(ji)將金剛級(ji)上(shang)(shang)較(jiao)笨重(zhong)的傳(chuan)統垂(chui)直(zhi)桁(heng)架桅(wei)桿(gan)改(gai)為迎風阻力(li)小、質量輕、雷達反射截面(mian)(mian)(mian)積小的新型后傾式(shi)棱柱(zhu)型桅(wei)桿(gan),2座煙囪外型也由鈍頂(ding)金字塔(ta)形(xing)(xing)改(gai)為有利于隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)的多面(mian)(mian)(mian)體(ti)形(xing)(xing),外形(xing)(xing)也更加(jia)低矮,直(zhi)升機庫也采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了有利于隱(yin)身(shen)(shen)的平面(mian)(mian)(mian)組合結構以盡量減少雷達反射截面(mian)(mian)(mian)。
此外,愛宕(dang)級(ji)還(huan)采用了(le)大量新型隱(yin)(yin)身涂料(liao)以進一步(bu)降(jiang)低(di)被雷達發(fa)現的(de)距離(li)。在(zai)紅外隱(yin)(yin)身方面,愛宕(dang)級(ji)通過在(zai)煙囪(cong)、暖(nuan)通、動(dong)力(li)艙(cang)等發(fa)熱部(bu)位覆蓋屏蔽和(he)(he)絕緣材料(liao)來實現隔熱,減(jian)(jian)少向外輻射(she)的(de)熱量。在(zai)紅外特征(zheng)最強的(de)煙囪(cong)排氣口安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)了(le)空氣冷卻和(he)(he)海(hai)水降(jiang)溫裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置,煙囪(cong)內部(bu)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)噴(pen)水降(jiang)溫系(xi)統,從(cong)而將紅外特征(zheng)降(jiang)到最低(di)程度。在(zai)聲隱(yin)(yin)身方面,采用了(le)大量低(di)噪(zao)聲機械設備(bei),并在(zai)主要機械設備(bei)上采用了(le)減(jian)(jian)震浮筏技術,螺旋槳的(de)噪(zao)聲也大幅降(jiang)低(di)。但愛宕(dang)級(ji)的(de)隱(yin)(yin)身設計也不(bu)是很徹底(di),如煙囪(cong)兩(liang)側布置的(de)救生、工作艇都暴露在(zai)外,在(zai)一定程度上影(ying)響了(le)隱(yin)(yin)身性。
動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了與(yu)(yu)金(jin)剛級(ji)相同(tong)的(de)COGAG,主機(ji)(ji)為4臺(tai)(tai)(tai)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)LM2500型燃氣(qi)輪(lun)機(ji)(ji),單(dan)機(ji)(ji)功率25000馬力(li),持續總功率102000馬力(li),雙軸雙槳推進(jin)。4臺(tai)(tai)(tai)發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)分(fen)成2個機(ji)(ji)組(zu)布置在(zai)2個機(ji)(ji)艙內(nei),每(mei)個機(ji)(ji)組(zu)并(bing)聯2臺(tai)(tai)(tai)LM2500燃氣(qi)輪(lun)機(ji)(ji)來分(fen)別驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)左舷軸和右(you)舷軸,巡航時每(mei)個機(ji)(ji)組(zu)各(ge)開(kai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)1臺(tai)(tai)(tai)發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji),高(gao)速航行(xing)時則4臺(tai)(tai)(tai)并(bing)聯齊驅。為了降(jiang)低動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)噪(zao)聲以(yi)利(li)于反潛作業,愛宕(dang)級(ji)采(cai)取(qu)(qu)了多種措施(shi),包括將LM2500燃氣(qi)輪(lun)機(ji)(ji)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)雙層(ceng)隔振彈(dan)性基座上(shang);主機(ji)(ji)艙采(cai)取(qu)(qu)了隔音防振措施(shi):采(cai)用(yong)(yong)5葉大側斜可調螺(luo)距螺(luo)旋槳,并(bing)在(zai)螺(luo)旋槳上(shang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了氣(qi)幕降(jiang)噪(zao)技術。此外,艦(jian)上(shang)還裝(zhuang)有(you)3臺(tai)(tai)(tai)發電機(ji)(ji)組(zu)和1個應(ying)急(ji)電站,主機(ji)(ji)、電站的(de)監控和全艦(jian)的(de)損(sun)管系(xi)統(tong)全部(bu)采(cai)取(qu)(qu)了集中管理,由中央計(ji)(ji)算(suan)機(ji)(ji)集中控制,具備了較高(gao)的(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化程度。愛宕(dang)級(ji)與(yu)(yu)日本(ben)現(xian)代(dai)建造(zao)的(de)其他水面戰艦(jian)一樣采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了模塊化設(she)計(ji)(ji),模塊化設(she)計(ji)(ji)不(bu)但能夠(gou)大幅減少建造(zao)成本(ben),提高(gao)建造(zao)速度,而且有(you)利(li)于后(hou)(hou)勤保障以(yi)及以(yi)后(hou)(hou)的(de)現(xian)代(dai)化改裝(zhuang)。
愛宕級裝(zhuang)備2組美制MK-41型導(dao)彈垂直(zhi)發(fa)(fa)射系統(tong),包括(kuo)艦(jian)首的64個(ge)(ge)發(fa)(fa)射單元和(he)直(zhi)升機庫頂部的32個(ge)(ge)發(fa)(fa)射單元。MK-41垂直(zhi)發(fa)(fa)射系統(tong)是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)上最先(xian)進(jin)的艦(jian)載導(dao)彈發(fa)(fa)射裝(zhuang)置(zhi),具有(you)(you)隱蔽性強(qiang)、發(fa)(fa)射速度快(最高達1枚(mei)/秒)、反應時間短(duan)、可(ke)(ke)全(quan)方位(wei)攻(gong)擊(ji)(ji)等優點,而這些特點對抗飽(bao)和(he)攻(gong)擊(ji)(ji)特別重要(yao)。MK-41在使用(yong)上具有(you)(you)很強(qiang)的靈活性,可(ke)(ke)根據需要(yao)靈活配備除拉姆防空導(dao)彈之外的美國海軍所有(you)(you)類(lei)型的導(dao)彈。MK-41采用(yong)熱發(fa)(fa)射技術,導(dao)彈尾焰在發(fa)(fa)射井內產生的燃(ran)氣由專(zhuan)門設(she)計的排氣道來釋(shi)放。
愛宕級(ji)現裝(zhuang)備(bei)的(de)是(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)-2MRBLOCKLⅢA/B防(fang)(fang)空導(dao)彈。一(yi)般(ban)情況下,愛宕級(ji)的(de)96個(ge)MK-41垂直發(fa)射(she)系(xi)統的(de)發(fa)射(she)單元(yuan)混合裝(zhuang)載80枚(mei)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)-2MR防(fang)(fang)空導(dao)彈和16枚(mei)阿斯洛克(ke)反潛導(dao)彈(金剛級(ji)總共90個(ge)發(fa)射(she)單元(yuan),裝(zhuang)載74枚(mei)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)-2MR艦空導(dao)彈和16枚(mei)阿斯洛克(ke)反潛導(dao)彈)。導(dao)彈可單發(fa),可多發(fa)連射(she),最(zui)小(xiao)發(fa)射(she)間隔(ge)為1秒。標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)-2BLOCKⅢA采用(yong)1臺固(gu)體火箭發(fa)動機推進,彈長4.72米(mi),直徑(jing)0.343米(mi),翼(yi)展1.06米(mi),發(fa)射(she)質量(liang)706.7千(qian)克(ke),飛行速度(du)2.5馬赫,最(zui)大射(she)程(cheng)167千(qian)米(mi),射(she)高10~19800米(mi),采用(yong)中段(duan)慣(guan)性(xing)加無線(xian)電指令修正和末段(duan)半(ban)主動雷達自動尋的(de)復合制導(dao)。與標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)-2BLOCKⅢ相比,BLOCKⅢA型的(de)射(she)程(cheng)、精度(du)和抗干擾能力均有(you)大幅(fu)度(du)提高,配備(bei)的(de)MK-125高爆(bao)戰斗(dou)部(bu)的(de)爆(bao)片也具(ju)有(you)更大的(de)速度(du),對(dui)來襲目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)毀(hui)傷能力更大。BLOCKⅢB型具(ju)有(you)雙重半(ban)主動雷達導(dao)引和紅外線(xian)導(dao)引,用(yong)于超視距目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)或有(you)低雷達截面的(de)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。
愛宕(dang)級與(yu)阿利·伯克級一樣,3部SPG-62火控(kong)雷(lei)達(da)分別被(bei)安裝在艦(jian)橋頂部桅桿前(qian)面(mian)和后(hou)(hou)煙(yan)囪后(hou)(hou)面(mian)的平臺(tai)上(shang)。SPY-1D(V)相(xiang)控(kong)陣雷(lei)達(da)、3部SPG-62目標(biao)(biao)照射(she)雷(lei)達(da)與(yu)MK-41導彈垂(chui)直發射(she)系統(tong)相(xiang)結合,能夠同時(shi)攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)空中12個目標(biao)(biao)。再加上(shang)高達(da)80~96枚的標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)-2備(bei)彈量,使(shi)愛宕(dang)級具有(you)強大的抗飽和攻(gong)擊(ji)能力(li)。標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)-2BLOCKⅢA/B主要(yao)負(fu)責單艦(jian)及(ji)艦(jian)隊的中遠程(cheng)區(qu)域防空,由于其(qi)射(she)程(cheng)遠,可以對來襲目標(biao)(biao)進行分批攔(lan)(lan)截(jie),一旦攔(lan)(lan)截(jie)失敗,艦(jian)上(shang)的其(qi)他(ta)近程(cheng)防御(yu)系統(tong)還有(you)充裕(yu)時(shi)間作出反應(ying),從(cong)而使(shi)艦(jian)艇的抗擊(ji)壓(ya)力(li)得(de)以減(jian)輕。
愛(ai)宕(dang)級在(zai)艦(jian)(jian)橋前(qian)階梯狀(zhuang)平臺(tai)和(he)直升機庫頂部各裝(zhuang)有(you)1座(zuo)MK-15BLOCK1B型(xing)密(mi)集(ji)陣近程防(fang)御武(wu)器(qi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong),其前(qian)后布置的(de)方式可(ke)實現對從艦(jian)(jian)首艦(jian)(jian)尾及艦(jian)(jian)體兩(liang)側(ce)來襲的(de)空(kong)中目標進(jin)行(xing)全方位(wei)攔(lan)截。密(mi)集(ji)陣系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)使(shi)用電力驅動的(de)6個20毫(hao)米炮(pao)管(guan),憑借(jie)4500發/分的(de)高射速在(zai)短時(shi)間(jian)內在(zai)目標來襲路徑(jing)上形成一道密(mi)集(ji)的(de)彈墻,從而摧(cui)毀低空(kong)飛(fei)行(xing)的(de)反(fan)艦(jian)(jian)導彈等(deng)超(chao)近程目標。MK-15BLOCK1B近防(fang)武(wu)器(qi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)是密(mi)集(ji)陣系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)最新型(xing)號,它(ta)在(zai)原1A型(xing)的(de)基礎(chu)上增加了紅(hong)外搜(sou)索跟蹤裝(zhuang)置,改進(jin)了KU波(bo)段搜(sou)索與跟蹤雷達,可(ke)提供24小時(shi)被動搜(sou)索和(he)多(duo)光譜探測、跟蹤能(neng)力,對掠(lve)海飛(fei)行(xing)的(de)反(fan)艦(jian)(jian)導彈等(deng)目標具有(you)更(geng)(geng)高的(de)攔(lan)截能(neng)力。BLOCK1B的(de)優化炮(pao)管(guan)比(bi)1A型(xing)的(de)更(geng)(geng)長(chang)、更(geng)(geng)重,通過簡化炮(pao)彈的(de)散射模式和(he)使(shi)用新型(xing)的(de)炮(pao)口抑制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)提高了近防(fang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)射擊精度等(deng)。
除了硬殺(sha)傷(shang)武器(qi)外,艦(jian)上還裝(zhuang)備(bei)有(you)4座MK-36MOD12型(xing)6管130毫(hao)米(mi)箔條(tiao)誘(you)餌發(fa)射裝(zhuang)置,可以靈活(huo)發(fa)射多種不同用(yong)途的干擾(rao)彈(dan)(dan)藥,如金屬箔條(tiao)/紅(hong)外誘(you)餌彈(dan)(dan)、箔條(tiao)紅(hong)外混合(he)誘(you)餌彈(dan)(dan)和假目標誘(you)餌彈(dan)(dan)(射程在2500米(mi)),用(yong)于干擾(rao)誘(you)騙雷(lei)達(da)、紅(hong)外制導反艦(jian)導彈(dan)(dan),并與艦(jian)上的NOLQ-2綜合(he)電子戰系統構成對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)反艦(jian)導彈(dan)(dan)的完整的主/被(bei)動電子對(dui)(dui)抗(kang)系統。
愛宕級直(zhi)接引進了美國(guo)宙斯(si)(si)盾作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)組成部分SQQ-89(V)10綜合反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),而沒有(you)(you)采(cai)用(yong)金剛級上的(de)(de)OQS-102型(xing)球鼻首(shou)(shou)聲吶和(he)(he)(he)OQR-2型(xing)拖(tuo)曳(ye)(ye)線(xian)列(lie)陣(zhen)(zhen)聲吶。SQQ-89(V)10反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)SQQ-89(V)反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)最(zui)新(xin)型(xing)號(hao),主要(yao)(yao)由(you)SQS-53C低(di)頻艦(jian)殼(ke)聲吶、SQR-19(V)2戰(zhan)術被(bei)(bei)動(dong)低(di)頻拖(tuo)曳(ye)(ye)線(xian)列(lie)陣(zhen)(zhen)聲吶、SQQ-28蘭普(pu)斯(si)(si)輕型(xing)機載(zai)多(duo)用(yong)途系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、MK-116-7反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)火(huo)控系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)(he)相關武器(qi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、UYQ-25水聲傳播預報數據(ju)(ju)處理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)等組成。SQS-53C布置在艦(jian)首(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)球鼻首(shou)(shou)內,是(shi)(shi)美國(guo)現役最(zui)先進的(de)(de)大(da)型(xing)主/被(bei)(bei)動(dong)數字化艦(jian)殼(ke)搜索/攻(gong)擊聲吶,以主動(dong)方式工作(zuo)(zuo)時最(zui)遠對潛(qian)(qian)探測(ce)(ce)距(ju)離為65千米(mi)。其圓柱形基陣(zhen)(zhen)采(cai)用(yong)了大(da)量高(gao)清度(du)聽音器(qi),具有(you)(you)探測(ce)(ce)跟(gen)(gen)蹤(zong)水下(xia)目標(包括潛(qian)(qian)艇、水雷(lei)、魚雷(lei))、主動(dong)精確(que)測(ce)(ce)距(ju)、被(bei)(bei)動(dong)監(jian)視(shi)及水下(xia)通信等多(duo)種功能(neng),并為反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)導(dao)彈、反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)魚雷(lei)以及拖(tuo)曳(ye)(ye)式反(fan)魚雷(lei)誘餌提供精確(que)的(de)(de)目標數據(ju)(ju)。由(you)于聲學基陣(zhen)(zhen)較大(da),SQS-53C對淺水水域的(de)(de)低(di)噪(zao)聲潛(qian)(qian)艇和(he)(he)(he)低(di)速航行的(de)(de)潛(qian)(qian)艇有(you)(you)較好的(de)(de)探測(ce)(ce)能(neng)力(li),據(ju)(ju)稱是(shi)(shi)唯一能(neng)夠有(you)(you)效探測(ce)(ce)俄制基洛級常規潛(qian)(qian)艇的(de)(de)聲吶。SQR-19(V)2拖(tuo)曳(ye)(ye)線(xian)列(lie)陣(zhen)(zhen)聲吶位于艦(jian)尾左(zuo)舷的(de)(de)水密門內,主要(yao)(yao)用(yong)于對潛(qian)(qian)遠距(ju)離被(bei)(bei)動(dong)探測(ce)(ce)、噪(zao)聲測(ce)(ce)向(xiang)、跟(gen)(gen)蹤(zong)和(he)(he)(he)識(shi)別(bie),并引導(dao)反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)直(zhi)升(sheng)機前往攻(gong)擊海域。該聲吶整體性能(neng)十分先進,采(cai)用(yong)了1700米(mi)長的(de)(de)拖(tuo)纜,線(xian)陣(zhen)(zhen)列(lie)長245米(mi),拖(tuo)曳(ye)(ye)深(shen)度(du)365米(mi),數據(ju)(ju)處理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)應用(yong)了全新(xin)的(de)(de)數字式高(gao)容量計算機系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),最(zui)遠可探測(ce)(ce)到130千米(mi)外的(de)(de)水下(xia)潛(qian)(qian)艇。
愛(ai)宕級有16個(ge)MK-41垂直(zhi)發(fa)射單元裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)阿斯(si)洛克反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)導(dao)彈(dan),備(bei)彈(dan)16枚。垂直(zhi)發(fa)射型(xing)阿斯(si)洛克反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)導(dao)彈(dan)是日本所有具備(bei)導(dao)彈(dan)垂直(zhi)發(fa)射能力(li)的(de)(de)驅逐艦的(de)(de)標準(zhun)反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)武器系統。導(dao)彈(dan)長4.87米(mi),直(zhi)徑0.358米(mi),發(fa)射質量639千克,采用(yong)固體(ti)火箭(jian)發(fa)動(dong)機推進,戰(zhan)斗(dou)部裝(zhuang)(zhuang)MK-46MOD5反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)魚(yu)雷,最大射程20千米(mi),可對處于水深40~1000米(mi)的(de)(de)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)艇展(zhan)開攻(gong)擊。日本正在(zai)以(yi)97式魚(yu)雷為(wei)戰(zhan)斗(dou)部研制國產新型(xing)阿斯(si)洛克反(fan)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)導(dao)彈(dan)。
除了(le)阿斯洛克(ke)反潛(qian)(qian)導彈以(yi)外(wai),該艦的(de)(de)反潛(qian)(qian)武器系(xi)統還包括設在艦后部兩舷(xian)的(de)(de)2座HOS-302型(68式)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)式三(san)聯裝(zhuang)324毫米魚(yu)雷發射(she)管,通過艦內(nei)遙控操作來(lai)發射(she)MK-46-5反潛(qian)(qian)魚(yu)雷及73式輕(qing)型反潛(qian)(qian)魚(yu)雷。
MK-46MOD5型為(wei)(wei)MK-46魚雷(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)最新改進型,其尋的(de)(de)段、導(dao)引(yin)段、引(yin)信及動(dong)力(li)系統均經(jing)過了大(da)幅(fu)技術(shu)改造,從而具有(you)更(geng)(geng)好的(de)(de)抗干擾能(neng)力(li)和(he)識別、捕捉目標能(neng)力(li),可(ke)以更(geng)(geng)加有(you)效地對(dui)付(fu)裝有(you)消聲瓦的(de)(de)現(xian)代低噪聲潛艇。MK-46MOD5型魚雷(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)另一個特(te)點是增強(qiang)了在(zai)(zai)淺水區對(dui)付(fu)潛艇的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li),甚(shen)至可(ke)命中浮在(zai)(zai)水面(mian)上的(de)(de)潛艇。MK-46MOD5型魚雷(lei)(lei)采(cai)用(yong)壓縮空(kong)氣推進,自導(dao)方式(shi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)/被(bei)動(dong)聲自導(dao),長2.67米(mi)(mi),直徑0.328米(mi)(mi),重(zhong)235千(qian)(qian)克(ke),彈頭重(zhong)44.49千(qian)(qian)克(ke),采(cai)用(yong)雙(shuang)航(hang)速(搜(sou)索(suo)階段為(wei)(wei)低航(hang)速,攻(gong)(gong)擊時為(wei)(wei)高航(hang)速)航(hang)行,最高航(hang)速44節(jie),射(she)程11千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)/40節(jie),作戰深度6.1~457.2米(mi)(mi),其制導(dao)精度很(hen)高,并(bing)具有(you)多次重(zhong)復攻(gong)(gong)擊的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li),制導(dao)系統在(zai)(zai)丟失目標后可(ke)重(zhong)新進入搜(sou)索(suo)狀態(tai),直至動(dong)力(li)耗(hao)盡為(wei)(wei)止。
愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)艦尾增設了(le)(le)(le)1座直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)庫(ku)(ku),搭載(zai)1架(jia)SH-60K反潛(qian)(qian)(qian)直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),并在(zai)(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)庫(ku)(ku)內設有(you)(you)防空導(dao)彈(dan)和(he)(he)反潛(qian)(qian)(qian)武器庫(ku)(ku),比金剛級(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)上更(geng)具有(you)(you)靈活性(xing)(xing)。SH-60K是SH-60直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)改進(jin)(jin)型,在(zai)(zai)SH-60J的(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)身加(jia)長(chang)了(le)(le)(le)0.4米,最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)起飛(fei)重量(liang)(liang)增加(jia)近(jin)1噸,達(da)到10.89噸。該機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)飛(fei)行速度250千(qian)(qian)米/小(xiao)時(shi)(shi),升(sheng)(sheng)限3810米,航(hang)程1110千(qian)(qian)米,續航(hang)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)4.2小(xiao)時(shi)(shi),作戰(zhan)半徑(jing)200千(qian)(qian)米。SH-60K的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)改進(jin)(jin)是水下探測(ce)設備(bei)獲得升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)。其裝備(bei)有(you)(you)日(ri)本(ben)自(zi)行研(yan)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)(jin)低頻(pin)主動吊放聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)吶,可(ke)有(you)(you)效(xiao)對付(fu)裝備(bei)消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)瓦的(de)(de)(de)低噪聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)艇,性(xing)(xing)能(neng)相(xiang)當于美國海軍AQS-22低頻(pin)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)吶。該機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)ISAR逆合(he)成(cheng)孔徑(jing)雷(lei)達(da),通過(guo)解析目標反射(she)的(de)(de)(de)雷(lei)達(da)波多普(pu)勒偏移,可(ke)以識別目標的(de)(de)(de)形狀,并可(ke)得到類似照片(pian)質量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)分辨率(lv),對水面艦艇目標的(de)(de)(de)搜索(suo)距離超過(guo)250千(qian)(qian)米。SH-60K還(huan)裝備(bei)有(you)(you)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)吶浮標投放器、磁探測(ce)儀(yi)和(he)(he)前視紅(hong)外傳感裝置(zhi)等探測(ce)設備(bei),戰(zhan)術情報(bao)(bao)顯(xian)示裝置(zhi)、導(dao)彈(dan)報(bao)(bao)警裝置(zhi)、雷(lei)達(da)干擾箔條和(he)(he)煙霧閃光彈(dan)發射(she)裝置(zhi)也得到升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji),并增加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)與海上幕僚監部系統對應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)術情報(bao)(bao)處理、顯(xian)示功能(neng)和(he)(he)僚機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)進(jin)(jin)行戰(zhan)術情報(bao)(bao)交換的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)。SH-60K直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)加(jia)長(chang)了(le)(le)(le)兩翼武器掛(gua)架(jia),攜(xie)帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)反潛(qian)(qian)(qian)武器比SH-60直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)多了(le)(le)(le)日(ri)本(ben)自(zi)行研(yan)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)97式(shi)反潛(qian)(qian)(qian)魚雷(lei),該魚雷(lei)的(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)體(ti)較MK-46略(lve)長(chang),重量(liang)(liang)也相(xiang)應(ying)增加(jia),因此不(bu)能(neng)使用(yong)SH-60J的(de)(de)(de)掛(gua)架(jia)。97式(shi)采(cai)用(yong)雙航(hang)速(搜索(suo)階段為(wei)低航(hang)速、攻擊時(shi)(shi)為(wei)高航(hang)速)航(hang)行,配(pei)(pei)備(bei)有(you)(you)威力(li)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)形裝藥彈(dan)頭,不(bu)但可(ke)攻擊高速、深(shen)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)目標,還(huan)增強了(le)(le)(le)在(zai)(zai)淺(qian)水區對付(fu)潛(qian)(qian)(qian)艇的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)。SH-60K執行反潛(qian)(qian)(qian)任務(wu)時(shi)(shi),通常(chang)搭載(zai)2枚(mei)反潛(qian)(qian)(qian)魚雷(lei)或MK-64深(shen)水炸彈(dan)。SH-60K還(huan)新增了(le)(le)(le)激光制(zhi)導(dao)的(de)(de)(de)海爾法(fa)導(dao)彈(dan)(可(ke)掛(gua)4枚(mei),射(she)程8千(qian)(qian)米)和(he)(he)7.62毫米機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)槍,從而具備(bei)一定的(de)(de)(de)反艦作戰(zhan)能(neng)力(li)。此外,SH-60K保留了(le)(le)(le)SH-60直(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)反艦導(dao)彈(dan)中(zhong)繼(ji)制(zhi)導(dao)功能(neng)。
愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)前級(ji)(ji)金剛級(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)有(you)2座(zuo)四聯裝(zhuang)魚叉(cha)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)發(fa)射(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),而愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)則(ze)換裝(zhuang)了外(wai)(wai)型相似的(de)2座(zuo)四聯裝(zhuang)90式反艦(jian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(SSM-1B)發(fa)射(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(備(bei)(bei)有(you)8枚90式導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan))。愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)2座(zuo)90式導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)發(fa)射(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)布置(zhi)(zhi)在2座(zuo)煙囪之間,這種發(fa)射(she)(she)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)也可以發(fa)射(she)(she)魚叉(cha)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。愛宕(dang)級(ji)(ji)使用(yong)日本(ben)研(yan)(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)WPC-1A武器(qi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統來控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)射(she)(she)90式導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),WPC-1A通過接收(shou)來自(zi)艦(jian)上指(zhi)揮控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數據(ju)(ju),解算發(fa)射(she)(she)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)相關數據(ju)(ju),進行任務(wu)規劃,并確定導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)發(fa)射(she)(she)時(shi)機(ji)。除(chu)使用(yong)日本(ben)研(yan)(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)WPC-1A武器(qi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統外(wai)(wai),90式導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)也可使用(yong)魚叉(cha)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)AN/SWG-1A武器(qi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統。90式導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)是日本(ben)上個世紀90年(nian)代初期自(zi)行研(yan)(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成功的(de)反艦(jian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)了村雨級(ji)(ji)護(hu)衛艦(jian)和(he)高波級(ji)(ji)護(hu)衛艦(jian)以及隼級(ji)(ji)導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)艇(ting)等海自(zi)新(xin)一代艦(jian)艇(ting)。90式導(dao)(dao)(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)長5.09米(mi),彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)徑0.35米(mi),彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)重667千(qian)克,推進裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)采用(yong)1臺渦輪噴氣發(fa)動機(ji),飛(fei)行速度0.9馬(ma)赫,最大射(she)(she)程150千(qian)米(mi),單發(fa)命中概率95%。
愛宕(dang)級(ji)在(zai)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)橋前甲(jia)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)裝(zhuang)備有1門采用隱身設計的(de)MK-45MOD4型(xing)127毫(hao)米62倍(bei)徑(jing)全(quan)自動艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)。該艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)除打(da)擊(ji)海上(shang)(shang)目(mu)標外(wai),還具有很(hen)強的(de)精確對(dui)地攻擊(ji)能力,并可(ke)(ke)用于(yu)攻擊(ji)低速(su)飛機。MK-45MOD4艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)是(shi)(shi)美國海軍MK-45艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)的(de)最(zui)新型(xing)號,也是(shi)(shi)美海軍在(zai)役的(de)唯一能夠(gou)發(fa)射(she)(she)新型(xing)彈(dan)藥(yao)的(de)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)。與(yu)以(yi)前的(de)MK-45MOD2相比,在(zai)反應能力、適應能力、毀傷能力、可(ke)(ke)維護性、自動化程(cheng)度等(deng)方面(mian)都有了(le)很(hen)大提高(gao)(gao),是(shi)(shi)世(shi)界上(shang)(shang)最(zui)先進的(de)大口徑(jing)主(zhu)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)。除可(ke)(ke)發(fa)射(she)(she)MK-45MOD2使(shi)用的(de)各種(zhong)常規炮(pao)(pao)彈(dan)外(wai),MK-45MOD4型(xing)還可(ke)(ke)發(fa)射(she)(she)美海軍新研制的(de)低成本(ben)競爭型(xing)彈(dan)藥(yao)、MK-172新型(xing)子(zi)母(mu)炮(pao)(pao)彈(dan)及其高(gao)(gao)能發(fa)射(she)(she)裝(zhuang)藥(yao)等(deng)。MK-45MOD4型(xing)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)除射(she)(she)速(su)略遜于(yu)金剛(gang)級(ji)驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)奧托·梅萊拉127毫(hao)米全(quan)自動艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)(射(she)(she)速(su)45發(fa)/分)外(wai),在(zai)對(dui)地/對(dui)艦(jian)(jian)(jian)攻擊(ji)能力上(shang)(shang)具有很(hen)大的(de)優勢。愛宕(dang)級(ji)是(shi)(shi)日本(ben)海上(shang)(shang)自衛(wei)隊第(di)一艘裝(zhuang)備MK-45MOD4艦(jian)(jian)(jian)炮(pao)(pao)的(de)驅(qu)逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian),其使(shi)用的(de)MK-45MOD4由日本(ben)鋼鐵(tie)公司引(yin)進美國專利生產。
愛宕級(ji)上裝(zhuang)備的SH-60K反(fan)潛(qian)直(zhi)升(sheng)機(ji),除可(ke)擔(dan)任反(fan)潛(qian)、警戒及(ji)反(fan)艦(jian)導彈中繼制(zhi)導等(deng)任務外(wai),還可(ke)使用(yong)(yong)AGM-114地獄(yu)火導彈和機(ji)槍(qiang)攻擊(ji)(ji)小型艦(jian)艇(ting)。此(ci)外(wai),愛宕級(ji)裝(zhuang)備的標準-2BLOCKⅢA/B艦(jian)空導彈可(ke)用(yong)(yong)作超音速(su)反(fan)艦(jian)導彈使用(yong)(yong),以(yi)2馬赫的速(su)度攻擊(ji)(ji)40千米內(nei)的水面(mian)艦(jian)艇(ting)。艦(jian)上的2座密集陣BLOCK1B型近防武器系統,也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于對2500米內(nei)的可(ke)疑(yi)船或(huo)自(zi)殺艇(ting)等(deng)小型高(gao)速(su)水面(mian)目(mu)標進(jin)行攔(lan)阻(zu)射(she)擊(ji)(ji)。愛宕級(ji)還裝(zhuang)備有2~4挺(ting)12.7毫米機(ji)槍(qiang)以(yi)對付日益嚴重(zhong)的海上恐怖行動的威(wei)脅。
愛宕級(ji)(ji)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基線(xian)7.1型(xing)宙(zhou)(zhou)斯(si)盾系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是最(zui)新(xin)升級(ji)(ji)版本(ben),韓(han)國世(shi)宗大(da)(da)王號驅逐(zhu)艦和(he)澳(ao)大(da)(da)利(li)亞建造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)霍巴特級(ji)(ji)驅逐(zhu)艦也(ye)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了該版本(ben)。基線(xian)7.1型(xing)反(fan)映(ying)了宙(zhou)(zhou)斯(si)盾作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)基本(ben)結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)新(xin)進(jin)(jin)展,具(ju)有(you)極強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)區域監控(kong)(kong)(kong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力,尤(you)其是提高(gao)了彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)防(fang)(fang)御能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力,成(cheng)為美(mei)國海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)防(fang)(fang)御體系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心。其主(zhu)要(yao)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)包(bao)括輔助傳感器、改(gai)進(jin)(jin)型(xing)戰(zhan)(zhan)斧(fu)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)、寬戰(zhan)(zhan)區彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)防(fang)(fang)御系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)先進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算機處(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)等裝備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)升級(ji)(ji)。基線(xian)7.1系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算機處(chu)(chu)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)首次采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現成(cheng)商(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)宙(zhou)(zhou)斯(si)盾先進(jin)(jin)處(chu)(chu)理計(ji)算機運(yun)作(zuo)(zuo)架構,把原(yuan)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)AN/UYK-43一類美(mei)國海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)標準計(ji)算機徹底轉(zhuan)向商(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算環境(jing),運(yun)算速(su)度比金剛(gang)級(ji)(ji)提高(gao)了960倍,從而具(ju)備(bei)更(geng)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)應速(su)度,增強(qiang)(qiang)了系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),同(tong)時也(ye)是向開發(fa)式結構轉(zhuan)變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵一步。SPY-1D(V)相(xiang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)陣雷達(da)(da)(da)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是宙(zhou)(zhou)斯(si)盾基線(xian)7型(xing)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)組成(cheng)部分,它(ta)具(ju)備(bei)自(zi)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)適應雷達(da)(da)(da)模(mo)式控(kong)(kong)(kong)制能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力和(he)更(geng)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗電子干擾能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力,在雷達(da)(da)(da)發(fa)射機、信號處(chu)(chu)理與控(kong)(kong)(kong)制計(ji)算機上(shang)都進(jin)(jin)行了改(gai)進(jin)(jin),具(ju)有(you)高(gao)速(su)追蹤(zong)和(he)垂直搜(sou)索追蹤(zong)目(mu)標能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力,提高(gao)了探(tan)測(ce)低(di)空掠(lve)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)目(mu)標(如(ru)掠(lve)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)飛(fei)行反(fan)艦導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan))和(he)瀕海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)環境(jing)中(zhong)操作(zuo)(zuo)時濾(lv)除海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)面雜(za)波的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力,并增加(jia)協同(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。與金剛(gang)級(ji)(ji)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SPY-1D相(xiang)比,SPY-1D(V)最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)是提高(gao)了彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)探(tan)測(ce)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。SPY-1D雷達(da)(da)(da)只能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)及時探(tan)測(ce)到像飛(fei)毛腿一類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)近(jin)程低(di)速(su)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan),而愛宕級(ji)(ji)則能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠早(zao)期發(fa)現射程比較遠、末端速(su)度很高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)遠程彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)(dao)導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)。日本(ben)引進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宙(zhou)(zhou)斯(si)盾基線(xian)7.1系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與美(mei)國海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)版本(ben)最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)是刪除了戰(zhan)(zhan)斧(fu)巡航導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)武器控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),不(bu)具(ju)備(bei)發(fa)射戰(zhan)(zhan)斧(fu)巡航導(dao)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力。此外(wai),美(mei)國海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)軍(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宙(zhou)(zhou)斯(si)盾基線(xian)7.1系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水下作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集成(cheng)了遠程遙(yao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)獵(lie)雷系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),不(bu)過日本(ben)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)自(zi)衛隊有(you)強(qiang)(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水面反(fan)水雷力量支援,可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)沒(mei)有(you)裝備(bei)該獵(lie)雷系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。
愛宕級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)為NOLQ-2綜合電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong),其電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)支援/對(dui)抗(kang)(ESM/ECM)天(tian)線分別(bie)位于(yu)桅桿頂部(bu)(bu)以(yi)及艦橋頂部(bu)(bu)左右兩側。NOLQ-2是日本在美(mei)國SLQ-32綜合電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)自(zi)行研(yan)制的(de)(de)(de),主(zhu)要用于(yu)360度全方(fang)位內對(dui)探測到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號自(zi)動分類、更新、識別(bie)和評估,并(bing)對(dui)威脅本艦的(de)(de)(de)輻射源(yuan)進行收(shou)集、識別(bie)、測向、告警。NOLQ-2能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠覆蓋從(cong)甚高(gao)頻(pin)到(dao)18兆赫茲(zi)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)大多數雷達、通信(xin)工(gong)作(zuo)頻(pin)段,而(er)且工(gong)作(zuo)功(gong)率(lv)也很高(gao),性能(neng)(neng)(neng)不亞于(yu)美(mei)國海軍的(de)(de)(de)SLQ-32(V)2/3綜合電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong),在某(mou)些(xie)方(fang)面還有所超出。NOLQ-2綜合電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)除具有電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)偵(zhen)察功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)外(wai),還具有轉發式(shi)干(gan)(gan)擾、應答式(shi)假目(mu)標干(gan)(gan)擾、噪聲干(gan)(gan)擾和箔條(tiao)干(gan)(gan)擾功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng),能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠實施(shi)有源(yuan)干(gan)(gan)擾和無(wu)源(yuan)干(gan)(gan)擾,因此(ci)具有完(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)偵(zhen)察和電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)抗(kang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力。此(ci)外(wai),愛宕級(ji)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)4座(zuo)MK-36MOD12型箔條(tiao)誘餌(er)發射裝置也可以(yi)作(zuo)為NOLQ-2綜合電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)戰(zhan)(zhan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)組成部(bu)(bu)分,通過發射金屬箔條(tiao)/紅外(wai)誘餌(er)彈(dan)和假目(mu)標誘餌(er)彈(dan)來與電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)偵(zhen)察、干(gan)(gan)擾系(xi)統(tong)(tong)配套(tao)使(shi)用來對(dui)抗(kang)反艦導彈(dan)。
在(zai)魚(yu)(yu)雷對(dui)抗方(fang)(fang)面,愛(ai)宕級(ji)艦(jian)尾部靠近水線部位右側并(bing)排(pai)布置了2個(ge)圓孔(kong),用于收放日(ri)本國產4型拖曳式魚(yu)(yu)雷誘(you)餌。4型拖曳式魚(yu)(yu)雷誘(you)餌通(tong)過發(fa)(fa)出模擬艦(jian)艇航行(xing)的(de)(de)噪聲(sheng)來(lai)誘(you)騙敵方(fang)(fang)魚(yu)(yu)雷。該艦(jian)在(zai)設計上留(liu)有將來(lai)引進(jin)日(ri)本防衛省技(ji)術研究本部正在(zai)開發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)新型魚(yu)(yu)雷對(dui)抗措施的(de)(de)空間。
參考諸元
標準排水量
7,700噸
滿載排水量
10,050噸
艦長
165米
舷寬
21米
吃水
6.2米
動力
COGAG
4×LM2500燃(ran)氣渦輪機/100000
雙軸CRP 雙舵
乘員
310人
最高速度
30節
續航力
7000 海里/19節
兩(liang)艘(sou)愛(ai)宕級(ji)(DDG-177、178)分(fen)別(bie)在2005年(nian)(nian)8月24日(ri)(ri)與(yu)2006年(nian)(nian)8月30日(ri)(ri)下水,并(bing)依序于(yu)(yu)2007年(nian)(nian)3月15日(ri)(ri)與(yu)2008年(nian)(nian)3月13日(ri)(ri)交艦(jian)成軍。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)日(ri)(ri)本(ben)政府(fu)對于(yu)(yu)朝鮮大(da)(da)力發展(zhan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倍感威(wei)脅,所以兩(liang)艘(sou)這(zhe)愛(ai)宕級(ji)的(de)(de)重要(yao)任務(wu)便是對彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)進行預警與(yu)防(fang)御(yu)。也因此,這(zhe)兩(liang)艘(sou)愛(ai)宕級(ji)分(fen)別(bie)編入舞鶴(臨日(ri)(ri)本(ben)海)的(de)(de)第三護(hu)衛群 (愛(ai)宕號(hao)),以及(ji)位于(yu)(yu)佐世(shi)保(在九州(zhou)北(bei)部,負責東(dong)海、黃海)的(de)(de)第二護(hu)衛群(足柄號(hao)),屏障日(ri)(ri)本(ben)的(de)(de)西側(ce),防(fang)堵中國與(yu)朝鮮瞄準日(ri)(ri)本(ben)的(de)(de)東(dong)風-21中程彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)與(yu)大(da)(da)浦洞1型中程導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)。完成反彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)能力后的(de)(de)金(jin)剛級(ji) 與(yu)愛(ai)宕級(ji)兩(liang)型宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)艦(jian), 與(yu)部署于(yu)(yu)陸上的(de)(de)愛(ai)國者PAC-3構(gou)成日(ri)(ri)本(ben)的(de)(de)兩(liang)層(ceng)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)防(fang)御(yu)網(wang)(wang):當敵方彈(dan)(dan)(dan)道(dao)導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)升(sheng)空(kong)后,先由(you)(you)外(wai)海的(de)(de)宙(zhou)斯(si)盾(dun)艦(jian)發射標(biao)準SM-3在導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)中途(大(da)(da)氣層(ceng)外(wai))進行首波(bo)攔(lan)截(jie);如有漏網(wang)(wang)之魚穿越(yue),后方的(de)(de)愛(ai)國者PAC-3則在導彈(dan)(dan)(dan)下落階段展(zhan)開第二波(bo)攔(lan)截(jie)。
在(zai)2008年2月19日凌晨,剛(gang)結束一次遠航(hang)測試(包含在(zai)夏威夷進行實彈射擊)任務的(de)愛(ai)宕(dang)號(hao)在(zai)返回橫須賀港的(de)途中,于千(qian)葉縣南(nan)方的(de)近(jin)海不慎撞沉(chen)一艘小型(xing)漁(yu)船,造成船上(shang)兩名漁(yu)夫失蹤。由于這(zhe)些漁(yu)船都(dou)(dou)是7.5噸的(de)小舢舨,加上(shang)近(jin)岸(an)背(bei)景回波的(de)強烈(lie)干擾,愛(ai)宕(dang)號(hao)的(de)導航(hang)雷達無法有(you)效發(fa)現(xian)(xian)這(zhe)些漁(yu)船; 而(er)愛(ai)宕(dang)號(hao)方面的(de)人(ren)員因素也占有(you)重(zhong)要成分(fen),事發(fa)之(zhi)前艦(jian)橋值(zhi)班人(ren)員剛(gang)剛(gang)完(wan)成輪替,在(zai)暗夜(ye)突然遭遇大批(pi)小型(xing)漁(yu)船,很(hen)容易(yi)產生疏(shu)失 ,而(er)事后調查更發(fa)現(xian)(xian)當時艦(jian)長與(yu)副艦(jian)長都(dou)(dou)在(zai)寢室(shi)休息,艦(jian)上(shang)值(zhi)更官也不在(zai)崗位上(shang)。這(zhe)件(jian)意外在(zai)日本輿(yu)論(lun)引(yin)發(fa)一陣強烈(lie)反(fan)響,受到一連(lian)串的(de)批(pi)評(ping)。
愛(ai)宕級(ji)針對的(de)并不僅僅是朝鮮,隨著(zhu)(zhu)朝鮮局勢升級(ji),愛(ai)宕級(ji)部署到黃(huang)海(hai)(hai),黃(huang)海(hai)(hai)是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)防前哨,遼東(dong)和(he)膠東(dong)半(ban)島更(geng)是拱(gong)衛首(shou)都(dou)的(de)屏(ping)障,此間(jian)分布(bu)著(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)眾(zhong)多的(de)軍(jun)事基(ji)地(di),如旅順(shun)和(he)青島是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)軍(jun)重(zhong)要的(de)港口(kou)和(he)基(ji)地(di),后者更(geng)是有可(ke)(ke)能(neng)成為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)第一(yi)艘(sou)航母的(de)駐(zhu)泊地(di),另外中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)第一(yi)艘(sou)航母正在本海(hai)(hai)域進行(xing)頻繁(fan)的(de)試驗、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)核(he)潛(qian)艇(ting)造船廠(chang)及(ji)基(ji)地(di)離此不遠(yuan),因此愛(ai)宕級(ji)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)憑(ping)借(jie)其先進的(de)探測系統對于中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)、空(kong)軍(jun)的(de)部署及(ji)訓(xun)練情(qing)況進行(xing)偵察,搜集相關情(qing)報,特(te)別是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)第一(yi)艘(sou)航母的(de)試驗和(he)訓(xun)練更(geng)是美日等國(guo)(guo)(guo)關注的(de)重(zhong)點,愛(ai)宕級(ji)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)通過探測中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)航母艦載(zai)機、探測相關系統的(de)電子情(qing)報,從(cong)而推測中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)航母及(ji)艦載(zai)機訓(xun)練水平(ping),以(yi)及(ji)航母形成作(zuo)戰能(neng)力(li)的(de)大(da)致時間(jian)。