《清(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)》,全稱(cheng)《太(tai)上老君(jun)說常(chang)清(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)》。一卷(juan)。作者(zhe)不詳,是道(dao)教煉(lian)養(yang)術(shu)重要資料之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一。道(dao)教稱(cheng)老君(jun)西游龜臺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,為西王母(mu)(mu)說常(chang)清(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)。后經(jing)仙人(ren)轉傳,為葛(ge)玄所得,筆錄而(er)傳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于世。即葛(ge)玄曰:“吾昔受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于東華帝君(jun),東華帝君(jun)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于金(jin)闕帝君(jun),金(jin)闕帝君(jun)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于西王母(mu)(mu)。西王母(mu)(mu)皆(jie)口(kou)(kou)口(kou)(kou)相(xiang)傳,不記文(wen)字,吾今于世書而(er)錄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”因而(er)《清(qing)靜(jing)經(jing)》被認為是三國時葛(ge)玄依托之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作。
老君曰(yue):大道(dao)(dao)無形,生(sheng)(sheng)育天地;大道(dao)(dao)無情,運行日月;大道(dao)(dao)無名,長養萬(wan)物;吾(wu)不知其名,強名曰(yue)道(dao)(dao)。夫道(dao)(dao)者:有清有濁,有動(dong)有靜(jing);天清地濁,天動(dong)地靜(jing);男(nan)清女濁,男(nan)動(dong)女靜(jing);降本流(liu)末,而生(sheng)(sheng)萬(wan)物。清者,濁之源,動(dong)者,靜(jing)之基;人能常(chang)清靜(jing),天地悉皆歸。
夫人(ren)神好清(qing),而(er)心(xin)(xin)(xin)擾(rao)之(zhi)(zhi);人(ren)心(xin)(xin)(xin)好靜(jing),而(er)欲(yu)牽之(zhi)(zhi)。常(chang)(chang)能(neng)遣其(qi)(qi)(qi)欲(yu),而(er)心(xin)(xin)(xin)自靜(jing);澄其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin),而(er)神自清(qing);自然(ran)六欲(yu)不生,三毒消滅。所(suo)以不能(neng)者,為(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)未澄,欲(yu)未遣也(ye);能(neng)遣之(zhi)(zhi)者:內觀其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin),心(xin)(xin)(xin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)(xin);外觀其(qi)(qi)(qi)形(xing),形(xing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)形(xing);遠觀其(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu),物(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu);三者既(ji)悟(wu),唯見於空(kong)。觀空(kong)亦空(kong),空(kong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)空(kong);所(suo)空(kong)既(ji)無(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)亦無(wu)(wu)(wu);無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)既(ji)無(wu)(wu)(wu),湛然(ran)常(chang)(chang)寂。寂無(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)寂,欲(yu)豈能(neng)生;欲(yu)既(ji)不生,即是真(zhen)靜(jing)。真(zhen)常(chang)(chang)應物(wu),真(zhen)常(chang)(chang)得(de)(de)性(xing);常(chang)(chang)應常(chang)(chang)靜(jing),常(chang)(chang)清(qing)靜(jing)矣。如(ru)此清(qing)靜(jing),漸入(ru)真(zhen)道;既(ji)入(ru)真(zhen)道,名為(wei)得(de)(de)道;雖名得(de)(de)道,實無(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)得(de)(de);為(wei)化眾生,名為(wei)得(de)(de)道;能(neng)悟(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)者,可(ke)傳圣道。
老(lao)君(jun)曰:上士無(wu)爭(zheng),下士好爭(zheng);上德不德,下德執德;執著之(zhi)者(zhe),不名道德。眾生所以不得真道者(zhe),為有(you)妄(wang)心(xin);既(ji)(ji)有(you)妄(wang)心(xin),即(ji)驚(jing)其(qi)神(shen);既(ji)(ji)驚(jing)其(qi)神(shen),即(ji)著萬物(wu);既(ji)(ji)著萬物(wu),即(ji)生貪(tan)求(qiu)(qiu);既(ji)(ji)生貪(tan)求(qiu)(qiu),即(ji)是煩(fan)惱(nao);煩(fan)惱(nao)妄(wang)想,憂(you)苦身心(xin);便遭濁辱,流浪生死;常沉苦海(hai),永失真道。真常之(zhi)道,悟(wu)者(zhe)自得;得悟(wu)道者(zhe),常清靜(jing)矣!
仙人葛玄曰:吾得真道,曾誦(song)此(ci)經萬遍。此(ci)經是天人所習,不(bu)傳下(xia)(xia)士(shi)。吾昔受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於東華帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun),東華帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於金闕帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun),金闕帝(di)(di)(di)君(jun)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於西王(wang)母(mu)(mu),西王(wang)母(mu)(mu)皆口口相傳,不(bu)記文字。吾今於世(shi),書而錄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。上士(shi)悟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),升(sheng)為天官;中(zhong)士(shi)修(xiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),南宮列仙;下(xia)(xia)士(shi)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),在世(shi)長年。游行三界,升(sheng)入金門。
左玄真人曰:學(xue)道之(zhi)士,持誦此經者,即得十(shi)天善(shan)神,擁護(hu)其身 [6] 。然後玉符(fu)保神,金液煉(lian)形(xing)。形(xing)神俱妙,與道合真。
正一(yi)真(zhen)人曰(yue):人家有此經,悟解之(zhi)者,災障不干,眾圣護門。神(shen)升(sheng)上界(jie),朝拜(bai)高真(zhen)。功滿(man)德就(jiu),相感(gan)帝君(jun)。誦持不退,身騰紫(zi)云。
(1)太(tai)(tai)上老(lao)君(jun)說(shuo)常清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經:全稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)《太(tai)(tai)上老(lao)君(jun)說(shuo)常清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)妙經》,或(huo)《太(tai)(tai)上老(lao)君(jun)說(shuo)常清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)真(zhen)經》,又稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)《太(tai)(tai)上混元上德皇帝說(shuo)常清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經》,簡稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)《清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經》、《常清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)經》。作者不詳。此(ci)經主要闡述“如(ru)何清(qing)(qing)靜(jing),漸入真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)”。“太(tai)(tai)上老(lao)君(jun)”,道(dao)(dao)(dao)教徒對“老(lao)子”的尊稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。“太(tai)(tai)”為大之意(yi),“上”為尊之意(yi);高真(zhen)莫先(xian)眾圣共尊,“太(tai)(tai)上”系道(dao)(dao)(dao)門(men)最高之辭,用以稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)呼(hu)其神仙體(ti)系中品位極高之神,故(gu)為宗(zong)祖,太(tai)(tai)上老(lao)君(jun)是(shi)(shi)大道(dao)(dao)(dao)的另(ling)一(yi)尊號,太(tai)(tai)上老(lao)君(jun)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),道(dao)(dao)(dao)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)太(tai)(tai)上老(lao)君(jun)。
老(lao)即壽,君(jun)是(shi)尊(zun)號(hao),道(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)德極,所以稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)。說明老(lao)君(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)眾圣(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祖(zu)(zu),真(zhen)神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗。一切萬(wan)物,莫不皆因老(lao)君(jun)所制,故為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宗祖(zu)(zu)也。常為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)恒也。清(qing)(qing)(qing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)元,靜(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)炁,經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法。一則為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑路,二則為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神仙的(de)(de)(de)梯凳。凡學道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren),都因經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)戒(jie)而(er)(er)(er)(er)成真(zhen)圣(sheng)。圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)沒(mei)有不借經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren),不憑(ping)借元炁而(er)(er)(er)(er)成道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)。《清(qing)(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》在(zai)道(dao)教中(zhong)占(zhan)有重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置,歷來為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)作注者眾多。《玄門日誦(song)早(zao)晚功(gong)課經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》把(ba)《清(qing)(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》放在(zai)眾經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首(shou),每(mei)日持誦(song),可知該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)是(shi)道(dao)教徒(tu)修持的(de)(de)(de)一部非常重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)上乘經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)典。每(mei)每(mei)朗誦(song)此(ci)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)“夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)神好清(qing)(qing)(qing),而(er)(er)(er)(er)心(xin)(xin)擾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);人(ren)(ren)(ren)心(xin)(xin)好靜(jing)(jing)(jing),而(er)(er)(er)(er)欲牽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。“遣(qian)其(qi)欲而(er)(er)(er)(er)心(xin)(xin)自(zi)(zi)靜(jing)(jing)(jing),澄(cheng)其(qi)心(xin)(xin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)神自(zi)(zi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)”。自(zi)(zi)然(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)然(ran)就能(neng)“清(qing)(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)”、“漸入真(zhen)道(dao)”。
(2)老君(jun)曰:大道(dao)(dao)無(wu)形,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)天地(di)(di)(di):老君(jun),太上(shang)老君(jun)的(de)簡(jian)稱(cheng)。曰,稱(cheng)、說(shuo)。大道(dao)(dao),道(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)至高無(wu)上(shang)的(de),是(shi)(shi)在沒有(you)(you)(you)天地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前,有(you)(you)(you)一個沒有(you)(you)(you)形狀的(de)最高能源,《道(dao)(dao)德經》中(zhong)說(shuo)她(ta)(ta)“獨立而不(bu)改(gai),周行而不(bu)殆”。世間萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)都是(shi)(shi)由她(ta)(ta)所(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。《道(dao)(dao)德經》中(zhong)說(shuo):“道(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一,一生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)二,二生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三。三生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)。”因天地(di)(di)(di)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)皆(jie)為(wei)(wei)“道(dao)(dao)”的(de)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),故注(zhu)稱(cheng)“大道(dao)(dao)”。她(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)可(ke)名狀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu),而又大而無(wu)外,小而無(wu)內,杳杳冥(ming)冥(ming),其中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)精,混混沌(dun)沌(dun),分為(wei)(wei)陰陽(yang)。無(wu)形,視(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)見。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育(yu),育(yu),養育(yu),長養陰陽(yang),所(suo)以(yi)叫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育(yu),陽(yang)為(wei)(wei)清,上(shang)升(sheng)為(wei)(wei)天,陰為(wei)(wei)濁(zhuo),下降(jiang)為(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)(di),此言大道(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)永恒不(bu)滅的(de),天地(di)(di)(di)萬(wan)(wan)物(wu),都是(shi)(shi)從她(ta)(ta)而生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),由她(ta)(ta)所(suo)養,最后由她(ta)(ta)化解,她(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)萬(wan)(wan)有(you)(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)源,萬(wan)(wan)化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)。所(suo)以(yi)說(shuo)她(ta)(ta)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)天地(di)(di)(di)。
(3)大(da)(da)(da)道(dao)無(wu)情(qing),運行(xing)(xing)日(ri)月:大(da)(da)(da)道(dao),至高無(wu)上,極尊(zun)至貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)。無(wu)情(qing),沒有(you)偏愛及私情(qing)。運行(xing)(xing),旋轉運行(xing)(xing),此(ci)處指化生(sheng)萬(wan)物(wu)。日(ri)月,指日(ri)月星辰(chen)及世(shi)間萬(wan)物(wu)。此(ci)句言人有(you)喜(xi)、怒、哀、樂(le)等表現,都是從一(yi)個“情(qing)”字中而來,然(ran)而不(bu)可(ke)名狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)道(dao),雖然(ran)萬(wan)物(wu)都在她的(de)(de)(de)(de)包容之中,但(dan)她則(ze)是一(yi)視同仁,沒有(you)半點偏愛和(he)私護,在大(da)(da)(da)宇宙中旋轉運行(xing)(xing),沒有(you)止息,也沒有(you)偏差(cha),試想(xiang)這(zhe)種充沛的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)及行(xing)(xing)為,是誰(shui)給她的(de)(de)(de)(de)呢?那就是沒有(you)一(yi)分(fen)一(yi)毫私情(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)道(dao)。
(4)大(da)道(dao)無(wu)(wu)名(ming),長(chang)養萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu):無(wu)(wu)名(ming),是指(zhi)無(wu)(wu)形(xing)無(wu)(wu)象(xiang)的混元大(da)道(dao),因(yin)無(wu)(wu)形(xing)無(wu)(wu)象(xiang),所以叫無(wu)(wu)名(ming)。《道(dao)德經》云:“道(dao)常無(wu)(wu)名(ming)。”無(wu)(wu)名(ming)指(zhi)有(you)功而不(bu)為(wei)(wei)名(ming)的意(yi)思。《道(dao)德經》又云:“大(da)道(dao)泛兮,其可左右。萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)恃之(zhi)以生而不(bu)辭,功成而不(bu)有(you)。”不(bu)有(you)指(zhi)不(bu)為(wei)(wei)已有(you),也是指(zhi)無(wu)(wu)名(ming)之(zhi)意(yi)。長(chang)養,生長(chang)養育。萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu),指(zhi)世間(jian)萬(wan)(wan)事萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。此句言大(da)道(dao)自(zi)生萬(wan)(wan)事萬(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)而不(bu)為(wei)(wei)已有(you)的博大(da)胸懷和無(wu)(wu)私。
(5)吾不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其名(ming),強(qiang)名(ming)曰(yue)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):吾,即我。不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其名(ming),不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)她的名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng),如何稱(cheng)(cheng)謂她。強(qiang)名(ming),勉強(qiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)。此句言大(da)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)萬事萬物(wu)(wu)產生、發展、滅(mie)亡的根源,就連(lian)太上老君都不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)怎么(me)稱(cheng)(cheng)呼她,給她定稱(cheng)(cheng),就勉強(qiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)為“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”。《道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)德(de)經》云:“有(you)物(wu)(wu)混(hun)成,先天地生。寂兮(xi)寥兮(xi),獨(du)立而不(bu)改,周行而不(bu)殆(dai)。可以為天下母。吾不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)其名(ming),字之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。”
此段(duan)總的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)講,太上老君教人知道(dao)什么是(shi)(shi)萬事(shi)萬物的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)源,她(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)沒(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)形狀、沒(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)情(qing)欲、沒(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)名字的(de)(de)(de)大(da)道(dao)之(zhi)體,她(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)天(tian)地萬物的(de)(de)(de)運作(zuo)長養的(de)(de)(de)惟一(yi)(yi)操作(zuo)者。沒(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)她(ta)(ta),世界將毫無(wu)(wu)生(sheng)機可言,凡(fan)是(shi)(shi)有(you)智慧的(de)(de)(de)人士,應當觀察(cha)她(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)永恒常存,向她(ta)(ta)學(xue)習(xi)。一(yi)(yi)要(yao)學(xue)習(xi)她(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)形。“外其身而身修,忘(wang)其形而形存”。“吾(wu)所(suo)以有(you)大(da)患(huan)者,為(wei)吾(wu)有(you)身,及吾(wu)無(wu)(wu)身,吾(wu)又何患(huan)”。二要(yao)做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)無(wu)(wu)情(qing),無(wu)(wu)情(qing)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)念,就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)沒(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)七情(qing)六欲,心(xin)地才能(neng)(neng)清靜,本(ben)性(xing)才能(neng)(neng)永住。第三要(yao)做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)無(wu)(wu)名。萬事(shi)萬物都是(shi)(shi)從無(wu)(wu)名中生(sheng)出,修行的(de)(de)(de)人,如果(guo)能(neng)(neng)做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)舍去有(you)形之(zhi)身,忘(wang)掉(diao)肉體之(zhi)我,即是(shi)(shi)大(da)道(dao)無(wu)(wu)形之(zhi)功(gong);能(neng)(neng)做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)一(yi)(yi)念不動,心(xin)地圓滿(man)無(wu)(wu)缺,即是(shi)(shi)大(da)道(dao)無(wu)(wu)情(qing)之(zhi)功(gong)。能(neng)(neng)做(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)這些,在你的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)海(hai)中無(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)物可思(si),無(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)事(shi)可言。達到(dao)不可名狀的(de)(de)(de)元始先(xian)天(tian)境界,即有(you)無(wu)(wu)名的(de)(de)(de)大(da)道(dao)之(zhi)體了,到(dao)此則萬福(fu)并致(zhi),圓滿(man)無(wu)(wu)缺,常此先(xian)天(tian)大(da)道(dao)必然有(you)成了。
(6)夫道(dao)者,有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)有(you)(you)(you)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo),有(you)(you)(you)動(dong)有(you)(you)(you)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)清(qing)(qing)地(di)(di)(di)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)動(dong)地(di)(di)(di)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)。男清(qing)(qing)女(nv)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo),男動(dong)女(nv)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)。降(jiang)本流末(mo)(mo),而生萬物(wu):夫,發語(yu)詞。清(qing)(qing)為天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),正陽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炁(qi),上升為天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)為地(di)(di)(di),正陰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炁(qi),下結(jie)為地(di)(di)(di)。有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)有(you)(you)(you)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo),指(zhi)能(neng)清(qing)(qing)能(neng)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo),如宇宙中有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)水就有(you)(you)(you)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)水一樣。動(dong),指(zhi)動(dong)態(tai)。靜(jing)(jing)(jing),指(zhi)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)態(tai)。有(you)(you)(you)動(dong)有(you)(you)(you)靜(jing)(jing)(jing),指(zhi)能(neng)動(dong)能(neng)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)清(qing)(qing),指(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)動(dong)而清(qing)(qing)。地(di)(di)(di)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo),指(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)凝而濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)動(dong)地(di)(di)(di)靜(jing)(jing)(jing),指(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)動(dong)有(you)(you)(you)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)。男清(qing)(qing),男子有(you)(you)(you)神炁(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)清(qing)(qing)。女(nv)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo),女(nv)子有(you)(you)(you)敗血之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)。男動(dong),男子好(hao)動(dong)。女(nv)靜(jing)(jing)(jing),女(nv)子好(hao)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)。降(jiang)本,歸于根(gen)本。流末(mo)(mo),返于末(mo)(mo)端。此句說:道(dao)分清(qing)(qing)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)動(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喻,男女(nv)動(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機,清(qing)(qing)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)動(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理,男女(nv)清(qing)(qing)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)(zhuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用,動(dong)靜(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機,萬物(wu)本末(mo)(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由。
(7)清者(zhe)(zhe)濁之(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)(yuan),動(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)靜之(zhi)(zhi)基:源(yuan)(yuan),源(yuan)(yuan)頭。基,基礎、根(gen)本。清者(zhe)(zhe)濁之(zhi)(zhi)源(yuan)(yuan),動(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)靜之(zhi)(zhi)基,指清、濁、動(dong)、靜乃(nai)相(xiang)(xiang)對之(zhi)(zhi)態,有(you)晴天就有(you)陰天,有(you)生(sheng)就有(you)死,兩者(zhe)(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang)互轉化(hua)的運動(dong),才(cai)有(you)生(sheng)生(sheng)不(bu)息的大(da)道運行。
(8)人能常清靜,天地悉皆(jie)歸:此句言(yan)學仙(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)人,能堅守于(yu)至道(dao)(dao),一切萬(wan)物自(zi)(zi)然歸之(zhi)(zhi)。經云:“江河淮海(hai),非欲于(yu)魚鱉蛟龍,魚鱉蛟龍自(zi)(zi)來歸之(zhi)(zhi)。人能清虛(xu)寡欲,無為非于(yu)至道(dao)(dao),至道(dao)(dao)自(zi)(zi)來歸之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)人。但能守太和元炁(qi),體(ti)道(dao)(dao)合真,萬(wan)物悉歸耳(er)。”
此段總(zong)述了,所謂大(da)(da)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造化,乃是大(da)(da)道(dao)中自然(ran)而(er)然(ran)大(da)(da)道(dao)無(wu)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運作,絲毫沒有一點自私的(de)(de)(de)(de)作為,這(zhe)樣才能做(zuo)到(dao)“大(da)(da)道(dao)之(zhi)行也,天下為公”的(de)(de)(de)(de)境(jing)界。清、濁、動、靜、天、地、男(nan)、女,萬事萬物的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)生(sheng)化化,由(you)本到(dao)末的(de)(de)(de)(de)運行,永不(bu)停止(zhi),人(ren)(ren)在(zai)其境(jing),如果(guo)迷于其中,隨波逐流,便是生(sheng)死流浪!如果(guo)放下身心,合于大(da)(da)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清靜無(wu)為,便是道(dao)德崇(chong)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)了。
(9)夫人(ren)(ren)神(shen)(shen)好(hao)清(qing),而心擾(rao)之(zhi)(zhi);人(ren)(ren)心好(hao)靜,而欲牽之(zhi)(zhi):神(shen)(shen),此處指人(ren)(ren)的(de)元神(shen)(shen)本性,來自無極中的(de)真陽之(zhi)(zhi)靈(ling)。心,元炁結(jie)成的(de)東(dong)西,圣人(ren)(ren)云(yun):“聲色不(bu)(bu)止(zhi)神(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)清(qing),思(si)慮(lv)不(bu)(bu)止(zhi)心不(bu)(bu)寧(ning),心不(bu)(bu)寧(ning)兮神(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)靈(ling),神(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)寧(ning)兮道不(bu)(bu)成。”七(qi)情六欲,是識神(shen)(shen)著了外境而生之(zhi)(zhi)貪念,元炁所結(jie)成之(zhi)(zhi)心,本來也是好(hao)靜,但貪欲之(zhi)(zhi)念一起,牽動一心,就不(bu)(bu)再平靜了。此句言人(ren)(ren)的(de)心神(shen)(shen)本來清(qing)靜,都是因(yin)世欲之(zhi)(zhi)事干擾(rao),而使之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)清(qing)靜。
(10)常能遣(qian)其欲,而(er)心(xin)(xin)自靜(jing)(jing),澄(cheng)其心(xin)(xin)而(er)神自清(qing):遣(qian),去(qu)除。澄(cheng),澄(cheng)清(qing)。此句言(yan)人能去(qu)除七情六(liu)欲,內守元和(he)自然之(zhi)炁,內心(xin)(xin)自然而(er)然就(jiu)(jiu)會安(an)靜(jing)(jing),七情六(liu)欲就(jiu)(jiu)不能存在。古仙云:“欲從心(xin)(xin)起(qi),息從心(xin)(xin)定(ding),心(xin)(xin)息相依,息調心(xin)(xin)靜(jing)(jing)。”
(11)自(zi)然(ran)六(liu)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)不生,三(san)毒消(xiao)滅(mie)(mie):六(liu)欲(yu)(yu)(yu),指六(liu)根,六(liu)根指眼、耳、口、鼻、心、意。欲(yu)(yu)(yu),染(ran)(ran)著之(zhi)貌,情(qing)愛之(zhi)喻。觀境(jing)而染(ran)(ran),謂(wei)之(zhi)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)。所以眼見耳聞(wen),意知心覺。世(shi)上(shang)之(zhi)人如果能斷(duan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)情(qing),去其(qi)(qi)(qi)欲(yu)(yu)(yu),澄其(qi)(qi)(qi)心,忘其(qi)(qi)(qi)慮,而安(an)其(qi)(qi)(qi)神(shen),那么六(liu)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)自(zi)然(ran)而然(ran)就會消(xiao)滅(mie)(mie)不能存在。三(san)毒為(wei)三(san)尸,上(shang)尸彭(peng)琚、中(zhong)尸彭(peng)瓚、下尸彭(peng)矯。上(shang)尸好華飾,中(zhong)尸好滋味,下尸好淫(yin)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)。人若能斷(duan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)華飾,遠離滋味,絕其(qi)(qi)(qi)淫(yin)欲(yu)(yu)(yu),去此三(san)事,就能使(shi)毒消(xiao)滅(mie)(mie),三(san)毒既滅(mie)(mie),就能神(shen)如炁暢,自(zi)然(ran)清靜。
(12)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)者,為(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)未(wei)(wei)澄,欲(yu)未(wei)(wei)遣也(ye):所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)者,所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)做到的,指(zhi)(zhi)人心(xin)(xin)(xin)被名利、聲(sheng)色、滋味等所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)動,性亂情惑。為(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)未(wei)(wei)澄,指(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)澄清。欲(yu)未(wei)(wei)遣也(ye),指(zhi)(zhi)欲(yu)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)去除。此句言人心(xin)(xin)(xin)迷惑未(wei)(wei)斷,心(xin)(xin)(xin)有所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)染(ran),不能(neng)(neng)(neng)窮盡妙理(li)。
(13)能遣之(zhi)者,內(nei)觀其心(xin),心(xin)無(wu)其心(xin):人能斷情、絕貪、去(qu)欲,即(ji)無(wu)三毒之(zhi)害,使(shi)心(xin)處于(yu)形內(nei),不能夠從外形上(shang)看到(dao)心(xin)內(nei)世界(jie),心(xin)無(wu)其心(xin)。即(ji)無(wu)心(xin)可觀,無(wu)心(xin)可觀則無(wu)所用(yong),無(wu)所修。就達到(dao)清靜之(zhi)道了。
(14)外觀其形(xing),形(xing)無(wu)(wu)其形(xing):形(xing)由(you)(you)心主(zhu)宰,心由(you)(you)形(xing)表現出(chu)來。形(xing)無(wu)(wu)主(zhu)就不(bu)(bu)能(neng)安靜(jing),心沒(mei)有形(xing)表現出(chu)來就不(bu)(bu)存(cun)在,心處于內,形(xing)見于外,內外相承,不(bu)(bu)可相離。凡夫但知(zhi)矜貴(gui)此身(shen)(shen), 而惡大(da)患(huan)(huan)(huan),不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)大(da)患(huan)(huan)(huan)即(ji)是(shi)我身(shen)(shen),多求(qiu)資(zi)養,終(zhong)歸滅(mie)壞,故(gu)(gu)貴(gui)身(shen)(shen)即(ji)是(shi)貴(gui)患(huan)(huan)(huan),惡患(huan)(huan)(huan)即(ji) 可惡身(shen)(shen),為貴(gui)與大(da)患(huan)(huan)(huan),俱(ju)以(yi)身(shen)(shen)為本,故(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)若(ruo)也。只為有所(suo),以(yi)有身(shen)(shen)患(huan)(huan)(huan),身(shen)(shen)既(ji)無(wu)(wu)矣,患(huan)(huan)(huan)豈有焉(yan),故(gu)(gu)我無(wu)(wu)身(shen)(shen),患(huan)(huan)(huan)將安托。所(suo)言(yan)(yan)無(wu)(wu)者,坐忘喪(sang)我,隳體(ti)離形(xing),即(ji)身(shen)(shen)無(wu)(wu)身(shen)(shen),無(wu)(wu)身(shen)(shen)非是(shi)滅(mie)壞,而稱無(wu)(wu)也。故(gu)(gu)貴(gui)以(yi)身(shen)(shen)為天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia),若(ruo)可寄天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia),不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)身(shen)(shen)是(shi)大(da)患(huan)(huan)(huan),矜而貴(gui)之(zhi)(zhi),自貴(gui)其身(shen)(shen),恒欲陵物,如此之(zhi)(zhi)人,適可暫寓於(wu)世間,不(bu)(bu)得久視於(wu)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。愛(ai)以(yi)身(shen)(shen)為天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia),若(ruo)可托天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia),寄是(shi)暫時寄寓,托謂永相附托,言(yan)(yan)能(neng)保愛(ai)己身(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)輕馳騖。謙以(yi)自牧,雌而順物者,則可以(yi)托化於(wu)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia),故(gu)(gu)德(de)經(jing)云自愛(ai)不(bu)(bu)自貴(gui)。獨不(bu)(bu)以(yi)生(sheng)為生(sheng)者,是(shi)善(shan)能(neng)攝衛貴(gui)生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)人也。
(15)遠觀其物(wu)(wu)(wu),物(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)其物(wu)(wu)(wu):物(wu)(wu)(wu),道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)妙用,非世間的(de)一般物(wu)(wu)(wu)體,五行造化謂之(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu),塊需(xu)然有(you)凝謂之(zhi)形。凡是有(you)形質的(de),都是后天之(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu),物(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)其物(wu)(wu)(wu),謂之(zhi)真(zhen),真(zhen)空也。《道(dao)(dao)德經》云(yun):“道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)為物(wu)(wu)(wu),惟恍惟惚。”又(you)曰:“恍兮惚兮,其中有(you)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。”此句言修(xiu)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)士,應當認(ren)取先(xian)天恍惚中的(de)真(zhen)物(wu)(wu)(wu),而放下(xia)后天有(you)形的(de)假(jia)物(wu)(wu)(wu),如此才能修(xiu)道(dao)(dao)成(cheng)真(zhen)。
(16)三(san)者既(ji)悟(wu),惟(wei)見于空(kong):三(san)者,指(zhi)心、形(xing)、物。空(kong),道(dao)(dao)之用。此句言凡(fan)夫俗子,都執(zhi)著身、心、外物三(san)種東西,而學道(dao)(dao)的人(ren),又常常執(zhi)著外面的法界(jie),內(nei)里的元(yuan)神(shen)(shen),遠處的神(shen)(shen)通,以至“凡(fan)”能證“圣(sheng)”,“圣(sheng)”不(bu)能成“神(shen)(shen)”。如果能摒棄這(zhe)些(xie),使大(da)道(dao)(dao)賦予了(le)神(shen)(shen)性,即可(ke)超凡(fan)入圣(sheng)了(le)。再進一步修煉(lian)到“圣(sheng)而不(bu)可(ke)知(zhi)之謂神(shen)(shen)”的高上境界(jie),即是真空(kong)的境界(jie)了(le)。
(17)觀空(kong)(kong)亦空(kong)(kong),空(kong)(kong)無所(suo)空(kong)(kong):空(kong)(kong),真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)。空(kong)(kong)有兩種形式,有大空(kong)(kong),有小空(kong)(kong)。此二空(kong)(kong)懼無即自然(ran)不染(ran)正性(xing),以成真(zhen)(zhen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。觀空(kong)(kong)也空(kong)(kong),大道(dao)(dao)(dao)無象(xiang),空(kong)(kong)也有空(kong)(kong)象(xiang),應把此空(kong)(kong)象(xiang)也加以忘去(qu),則(ze)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)之境更加真(zhen)(zhen)實。空(kong)(kong)無所(suo)空(kong)(kong),凡居(ju)有質,都(dou)(dou)憑借大道(dao)(dao)(dao)而成形,一切(qie)物類,都(dou)(dou)是從道(dao)(dao)(dao)而產(chan)生。大道(dao)(dao)(dao)坦然(ran)常存于(yu)物,非為(wei)斷滅也。
(18)所空(kong)(kong)既無(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)亦(yi)無(wu)(wu):大(da)道沒(mei)有窮盡,修道到了(le)空(kong)(kong)也(ye)沒(mei)有處所之后,空(kong)(kong)也(ye)沒(mei)有了(le)。如(ru)果(guo)仍然(ran)有空(kong)(kong),就不能(neng)達(da)到無(wu)(wu)的境界,再進一步做到無(wu)(wu)之又無(wu)(wu),就無(wu)(wu)也(ye)不存在(zai)了(le)。空(kong)(kong)有皆忘才可以達(da)到徹底的真無(wu)(wu)。
(19)無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)既無(wu)(wu)(wu),湛(zhan)然(ran)常寂:無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)執。世間萬(wan)(wan)事萬(wan)(wan)物,都生于(yu)無(wu)(wu)(wu),而(er)歸于(yu)無(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)生于(yu)有(you),有(you)歸于(yu)無(wu)(wu)(wu),無(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)有(you)也,有(you)者(zhe)無(wu)(wu)(wu)也。金木水火土異物,自然(ran)相假,眾相寄托,共成一身。是知形(xing)體(ti),由(you)來虛無(wu)(wu)(wu)。細(xi)析推陳(chen)出尋(xun),遍(bian)體(ti)虛幻(huan),況一切諸法、念念,亦復如(ru)是。是知無(wu)(wu)(wu)即(ji)是有(you),有(you)即(ji)是無(wu)(wu)(wu),自然(ran)而(er)已。故經(jing)曰:無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)既無(wu)(wu)(wu)。功夫到(dao)(dao)了空也沒有(you)的地步,就萬(wan)(wan)法都無(wu)(wu)(wu)了,達到(dao)(dao)湛(zhan)然(ran)而(er)又圓(yuan)滿的虛靜真本,即(ji)成真道了。
(20)寂(ji)無(wu)(wu)所寂(ji),欲(yu)豈能生:寂(ji)到(dao)了盡頭,連寂(ji)都(dou)不(bu)存在(zai)了,就到(dao)了無(wu)(wu)為、無(wu)(wu)事、無(wu)(wu)欲(yu)的境(jing)界,自然成道(dao)了。
(21)欲(yu)(yu)既(ji)不生,即是真靜:真靜,自然無欲(yu)(yu)。求靜必須(xu)先遣欲(yu)(yu),有(you)欲(yu)(yu)則(ze)(ze)(ze)患生,無欲(yu)(yu)則(ze)(ze)(ze)無憂,無憂則(ze)(ze)(ze)可進入真靜。
(22)真(zhen)常(chang)應物(wu):真(zhen),體無增減謂之真(zhen)。常(chang)者,法也。常(chang)能法則叫真(zhen)常(chang)之法。法則真(zhen)常(chang)應物(wu),隨(sui)機而化導眾生。“寂(ji)(ji)然不動,感而遂通”,“感而遂通”依舊“寂(ji)(ji)然不動”。才(cai)能真(zhen)常(chang)應物(wu)。
(23)真常(chang)得(de)性(xing):凡欲得(de)成真性(xing),須修(xiu)常(chang)性(xing)而為道性(xing)。得(de)者動也(ye)。動其本性(xing),謂其得(de)性(xing)。
(24)常(chang)應常(chang)靜(jing),常(chang)清靜(jing)矣:“事(shi)來則(ze)應”,常(chang)應則(ze)無(wu)所不應。常(chang)者道體也,應者靈機也。言道體可以隨機而(er)應萬變(bian)。“事(shi)去則(ze)忘”如浮(fu)云過空,云過則(ze)天(tian)又清又靜(jing)。可知,不管天(tian)之有云無(wu)云,而(er)天(tian)體本(ben)凈(jing),不管心(xin)(xin)之有事(shi)無(wu)事(shi),皆可常(chang)若(ruo)無(wu)心(xin)(xin),無(wu)心(xin)(xin)之心(xin)(xin),是(shi)為道心(xin)(xin),是(shi)為真(zhen)心(xin)(xin),真(zhen)心(xin)(xin)乃清靜(jing)無(wu)染之心(xin)(xin),也即可應萬境(jing)萬變(bian)而(er)永恒不變(bian)之心(xin)(xin)。
(25)如此清靜(jing),漸(jian)入真道:真道,指(zhi)清靜(jing)之性(xing)。真,即為道。此句言經中不言,令人須假性(xing)修,漸(jian)進而(er)成真。
(26)既入(ru)真道,名(ming)為得道:此句(ju)接上(shang)句(ju),言既入(ru)真道,名(ming)悟修真。煉凡成真,煉真成神。
(27)雖名(ming)得(de)道,實無(wu)(wu)(wu)所得(de):雖然從(cong)名(ming)目上說,似乎(hu)是(shi)得(de)到(dao)了道,但其實道為天地(di)之(zhi)本(ben)源(yuan),宇宙之(zhi)原動(dong)力(li),大自(zi)然之(zhi)規(gui)律。獨立而(er)不(bu)(bu)改(gai),周(zhou)行而(er)不(bu)(bu)殆。自(zi)本(ben)自(zi)根,未(wei)有天地(di),自(zi)古(gu)以固存。先天地(di)生而(er)不(bu)(bu)為久,長于(yu)上古(gu)而(er)不(bu)(bu)為老。太上無(wu)(wu)(wu)極大道,本(ben)無(wu)(wu)(wu)得(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)失,無(wu)(wu)(wu)形無(wu)(wu)(wu)象,視之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)見,聽之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)聞,搏之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)得(de)。故曰實無(wu)(wu)(wu)所得(de)。
(28)為化(hua)(hua)眾生,名(ming)為得道:化(hua)(hua),返(fan)以守真(zhen)謂之化(hua)(hua)。化(hua)(hua),遷變之義(yi)。逐換應見(jian)之名(ming),化(hua)(hua)別(bie)種種,應見(jian)容儀。有無(wu)莫測(ce),透(tou)化(hua)(hua)時人。透(tou)化(hua)(hua)者,指事為喻。恒勸開悟(wu)教(jiao)道之名(ming)。普令后學之人。舍惡從善,惜(xi)身(shen)保(bao)命(ming)。故要歸于圣教(jiao)。只(zhi)有太上西化(hua)(hua)流(liu)沙,八十一(yi)國,亦法視(shi)相,或(huo)見(jian)大(da)人,身(shen)千(qian)丈(zhang);或(huo)見(jian)小人,身(shen)長丈(zhang)八。變見(jian)無(wu)方,易形改號。或(huo)曰金(jin)仙,或(huo)曰梵仙。隨方設化(hua)(hua),同(tong)體異名(ming)。教(jiao)人修(xiu)道,去妄成真(zhen)。乃立清靜之教(jiao),是為得道。
(29)能(neng)悟(wu)之(zhi)者,可傳(chuan)圣道(dao):悟(wu),覺(jue),猶通。此句(ju)言凡(fan)學仙(xian)之(zhi)人(ren),若悟(wu)真理,則(ze)不以(yi)西(xi)竺(zhu)東土為名(ming),分別六合之(zhi)內,天(tian)(tian)上(shang)地(di)下,道(dao)化一也(ye)(ye)。若悟(wu)解(jie)之(zhi)者也(ye)(ye)不以(yi)至道(dao)為尊,也(ye)(ye)不以(yi)眾教為異,也(ye)(ye)不以(yi)儒宗為別。能(neng)悟(wu)本性,非分別所(suo)得(de)。但能(neng)體似(si)虛無,常得(de)至道(dao)。歸(gui)身(shen)內修清(qing)靜(jing),則(ze)順(shun)天(tian)(tian)從(cong)也(ye)(ye),名(ming)合人(ren)事,可以(yi)救苦拔衰。以(yi)此修持,自然清(qing)靜(jing)。人(ren)能(neng)清(qing)靜(jing),至道(dao)自來,不求自得(de),不學而成。清(qing)靜(jing)自然,圣道(dao)歸(gui)身(shen),所(suo)以(yi)說可傳(chuan)圣道(dao)。
此(ci)段總的是(shi)講(jiang)了要(yao)(yao)“遣欲”、“澄心”,在(zai)做(zuo)到“無(wu)心”、“無(wu)形”、“無(wu)物(wu)(wu)”的境界后(hou),還要(yao)(yao)把“空”、“無(wu)”及湛然之“寂”也當做(zuo)有名之物(wu)(wu),遣而(er)忘(wang)之,以(yi)達到“真常”、“清靜”,從而(er)“得道(dao)(dao)”。所謂得道(dao)(dao),并不是(shi)指有形有象之道(dao)(dao),而(er)是(shi)得證虛靈(ling)本性圓滿無(wu)缺之道(dao)(dao),得了此(ci)道(dao)(dao)之后(hou),可以(yi)應物(wu)(wu)應事,玄同萬物(wu)(wu)。妙合(he)先天之炁,而(er)運化于萬物(wu)(wu)內外,綿綿無(wu)盡。
(30)老君曰:上(shang)(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi)無爭(zheng)(zheng),下(xia)士(shi)(shi)好爭(zheng)(zheng):上(shang)(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi),有(you)(you)修為(wei)有(you)(you)涵(han)養的上(shang)(shang)(shang)等智(zhi)慧(hui)的人(ren),是(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)德派生的。下(xia)士(shi)(shi),指修為(wei)涵(han)養各方面(mian)都(dou)次(ci)于上(shang)(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi)的人(ren)。爭(zheng)(zheng),求靜,執有(you)(you)之意。此句言有(you)(you)修為(wei)有(you)(you)涵(han)養的上(shang)(shang)(shang)等智(zhi)慧(hui)的人(ren),不與外界爭(zheng)(zheng)勝(sheng)爭(zheng)(zheng)強而(er)(er)自強。這是(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)士(shi)(shi)所(suo)獲(huo)得(de)的福炁,而(er)(er)下(xia)士(shi)(shi)由于一(yi)(yi)味爭(zheng)(zheng)取(qu)身外之物,而(er)(er)失其內在(zai)真性,終使(shi)神喪炁絕,一(yi)(yi)無所(suo)獲(huo)。
(31)上(shang)德(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de)(de)(de),下德(de)(de)(de)執德(de)(de)(de):德(de)(de)(de),是(shi)(shi)(shi)道所(suo)(suo)表(biao)現(xian)出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de),通于(yu)道。經(jing)云(yun):“道之(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)我即(ji)為德(de)(de)(de)。”又云(yun):“德(de)(de)(de)者得也。”德(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)體性特征(zheng)都(dou)同于(yu)道,道無(wu)形(xing)無(wu)象,含(han)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)露,空虛而(er)無(wu)跡象,卻無(wu)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you),無(wu)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai),無(wu)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)為,無(wu)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成。生育天地,運行日月,長養萬物,卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)自(zi)恃(shi)、自(zi)彰。這種(zhong)特征(zheng)表(biao)現(xian)在(zai)人(ren)身(shen)上(shang),就(jiu)叫“上(shang)德(de)(de)(de)”。上(shang)德(de)(de)(de)和常德(de)(de)(de)一(yi)樣,是(shi)(shi)(shi)內在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)、實質的(de)(de)(de)、無(wu)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)、自(zi)然的(de)(de)(de),而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)外在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)、表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)、形(xing)式上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)東西。因(yin)而(er),無(wu)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)道是(shi)(shi)(shi)大道,無(wu)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)內在(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)德(de)(de)(de)。而(er)下德(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),一(yi)味追求有(you)為之(zhi)(zhi)法,飄流(liu)浮(fu)于(yu)開、情之(zhi)(zhi)間,自(zi)以(yi)為是(shi)(shi)(shi),無(wu)法突破小(xiao)我而(er)進入(ru)無(wu)我的(de)(de)(de)高上(shang)境界。
(32)執著之者,不(bu)名道(dao)德:執著,指執德、下德。道(dao)德,指通變(bian)無方,存亡自(zi)(zi)在,應見(jian)即用(yong),能尊能貴,悉皆自(zi)(zi)然。此句言下德之人(ren),故(gu)執諸相,行流涉于有(you)為,是不(bu)懂(dong)(dong)事理,不(bu)懂(dong)(dong)道(dao)德的人(ren),不(bu)能成(cheng)道(dao)。
此段總講(jiang)了人(ren)能安分守己(ji),善保(bao)自(zi)性(xing),摒去一(yi)(yi)切塵(chen)障,樂(le)道報德,自(zi)然靈(ling)性(xing)升華,福壽無邊,切莫執著一(yi)(yi)事一(yi)(yi)物而自(zi)困(kun)愁城,成為一(yi)(yi)個(ge)不明事理、不能自(zi)拔(ba)的人(ren)。
(33)眾生(sheng)(sheng)所(suo)以不(bu)得真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)者,為有妄(wang)(wang)心:妄(wang)(wang),動(dong)(dong)。情(qing)浮意(yi)動(dong)(dong),心生(sheng)(sheng)所(suo)妄(wang)(wang)。動(dong)(dong),亂(luan)(luan)思(si),因(yin)妄(wang)(wang)亂(luan)(luan)了本性。此(ci)句(ju)言一(yi)切眾生(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)得真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)的原因(yin),都是被情(qing)染意(yi)動(dong)(dong)。妄(wang)(wang)有所(suo)思(si),思(si)有所(suo)惑(huo)(惑(huo),感(gan)其(qi)(qi)情(qing)而妄(wang)(wang)動(dong)(dong)于意(yi))。意(yi)動(dong)(dong)其(qi)(qi)思(si)而妄(wang)(wang)生(sheng)(sheng)于心。人一(yi)但有了妄(wang)(wang)動(dong)(dong)之(zhi)心,自然(ran)不(bu)能(neng)清靜,又說妄(wang)(wang)動(dong)(dong)即(ji)亡(wang)。都亡(wang)失道(dao)(dao)性。所(suo)以說逐境而感(gan)情(qing)妄(wang)(wang)動(dong)(dong),不(bu)能(neng)得到真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)。
(34)既(ji)(ji)有妄心(xin)(xin),即驚(jing)其(qi)神(shen):驚(jing),指(zhi)心(xin)(xin)之(zhi)極畏,不只指(zhi)盡驚(jing)。驚(jing)有兩種情況(kuang),一指(zhi)內修(xiu)清靜,忘了(le)形(xing)而驚(jing)其(qi)神(shen);二指(zhi)外習事情,勞于心(xin)(xin)而驚(jing)其(qi)形(xing)。此句言外又既(ji)(ji)驚(jing)其(qi)形(xing)體,內誘(you)自然驚(jing)于其(qi)神(shen)。想要心(xin)(xin)神(shen)安靜,就要外欲不生,欲不能(neng)生,自然清靜。
(35)既驚其(qi)神(shen),即著萬物:人如果驚其(qi)神(shen),外就有所著于境,內(nei)里就失去正性,也(ye)可理解為道貴守一,不可著于萬物而(er)驚其(qi)神(shen)。
(36)既著萬物,即(ji)生貪(tan)(tan)求(qiu):貪(tan)(tan),過分追求(qiu)、偏愛。有兩(liang)種(zhong)情(qing)況:一是(shi)貪(tan)(tan)于世(shi)事(shi),外求(qiu)華飾欲(yu)樂,這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況為陰(yin)咎,不(bu)合于陽(yang)(yang),就(jiu)不(bu)能(neng)清靜,是(shi)為沉滯(zhi);二是(shi)貪(tan)(tan)于進修窮尋真理,堅求(qiu)至道(dao),這(zhe)叫(jiao)內貪(tan)(tan)。這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況屬于陽(yang)(yang),能(neng)體(ti)道(dao)合真,自然(ran)清靜。
(37)既生貪(tan)求(qiu)(qiu),即是(shi)煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao):貪(tan)求(qiu)(qiu)外事(shi),要(yao)漸(jian)漸(jian)斷除;貪(tan)求(qiu)(qiu)內事(shi),要(yao)勤勤修進。雖(sui)然(ran)是(shi)內求(qiu)(qiu)至(zhi)道,也不可以固執,如此也能(neng)生煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao)。這(zhe)里的(de)煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao)也分兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)情況,有(you)輕(qing)重(zhong)之分,一是(shi)輕(qing)煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao),二(er)是(shi)重(zhong)煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao)。輕(qing)煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao)是(shi)貪(tan)求(qiu)(qiu)至(zhi)道,這(zhe)種(zhong)情況也生煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao)。二(er)是(shi)外求(qiu)(qiu)世法,名(ming)重(zhong)煩(fan)(fan)惱(nao)。輕(qing)就(jiu)合陽,所(suo)以叫(jiao)清,重(zhong)即合陰,所(suo)以叫(jiao)濁。雖(sui)然(ran)分了輕(qing)重(zhong),但兩(liang)(liang)者這(zhe)間(jian)又是(shi)相(xiang)對的(de)。貪(tan)就(jiu)會生迷(mi)惑,但是(shi)要(yao)舍重(zhong)棄輕(qing),內守元和,湛然(ran)不動,所(suo)以叫(jiao)懷道抱德了,自然(ran)而然(ran)就(jiu)淳樸了。
(38)煩惱妄想,憂苦(ku)身心。便遭濁(zhuo)辱,流浪(lang)生死(si)。常沉苦(ku)海,永(yong)失真道(dao):濁(zhuo),染。辱,污。流浪(lang),指反復。苦(ku)海,苦(ku)的(de)大(da)海,海指大(da)。此句言人的(de)身心逐于(yu)外(wai)物(wu),憂苦(ku)自(zi)然(ran)而(er)然(ran)就(jiu)產生而(er)擾亂身心,在生死(si)之間反復,永(yong)遠不(bu)能超脫(tuo),流浪(lang)于(yu)苦(ku)海之中。憂苦(ku)的(de)事不(bu)能夠(gou)休止,都是出(chu)自(zi)人心造(zao)作(zuo)的(de)。學道(dao)的(de)人,都內守(shou)其一外(wai)除其想(一,指身)。圣(sheng)人云(yun)(yun):“存(cun)三(san)守(shou)一”。(三(san),指精、炁、神。)但(dan)守(shou)其身,必存(cun)于(yu)三(san)。所(suo)以《西升經》云(yun)(yun):守(shou)身不(bu)失,常存(cun)也(ye),專守(shou)其一,不(bu)生妄想,即免于(yu)苦(ku)海,沉淪憂苦(ku),不(bu)著于(yu)身。心自(zi)然(ran)解(jie)脫(tuo),自(zi)然(ran)清(qing)靜。
(39)真(zhen)常(chang)之(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),悟(wu)者自得(de)(de),得(de)(de)悟(wu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)者,常(chang)清靜矣:真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)常(chang)存的,無(wu)(wu)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)在,不(bu)(bu)生也不(bu)(bu)滅,她(ta)外包天地(di),內入毫(hao)芒,運(yun)行(xing)日月,長養萬(wan)物,人能(neng)悟(wu)解,自然(ran)而(er)(er)得(de)(de),得(de)(de)的不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)外在的東西,而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。所以太上說,人能(neng)覺悟(wu),悟(wu)則(ze)本(ben)(ben)性,謂之(zhi)得(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)也,所得(de)(de)到的道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)大道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),大道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)難(nan)求難(nan)得(de)(de)的。經云:“天道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)無(wu)(wu)親,常(chang)與善(shan)人。”又(you)云:“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)本(ben)(ben)無(wu)(wu)形(xing),莫之(zhi)能(neng)名,得(de)(de)悟(wu)之(zhi)者,惟已自知。”善(shan)人常(chang)能(neng)守于清靜,都是(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)到真(zhen)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的人。
此(ci)段總講了(le)(le)眾生所以不(bu)能得(de)到真(zhen)道(dao)的原因,是由于(yu)妄念之起,貪求身外有形之物,大傷自(zi)己精炁神,以至流浪生死(si),常存苦(ku)(ku)海濁辱之中,受苦(ku)(ku)受難。如果一心向善,修(xiu)煉真(zhen)常之道(dao),一旦(dan)了(le)(le)悟大道(dao)的規律(lv),修(xiu)之不(bu)輟,自(zi)會(hui)有成。以達到常清常靜,有至樂(le)而無苦(ku)(ku)難的真(zhen)常境(jing)界(jie)。
(40)仙(xian)人(ren)葛(ge)玄(xuan)曰:吾得真道(dao)(dao),誦此(ci)經(jing)萬遍:葛(ge)翁(weng)(weng),此(ci)指葛(ge)玄(xuan)。三國時方士,字孝先,丹(dan)陽(yang)句(ju)容(今(jin)屬江(jiang)蘇)人(ren)。《抱樸子·金(jin)丹(dan)篇》稱,他曾經(jing)從(cong)左慈(ci)學道(dao)(dao),受《太清丹(dan)經(jing)》、《九鼎丹(dan)經(jing)》、《金(jin)液丹(dan)經(jing)》等煉丹(dan)經(jing)書,于閣(ge)皂山修(xiu)道(dao)(dao),常(chang)(chang)辟谷服食,擅符咒諸法,奇術(shu)甚多。后(hou)世(shi)道(dao)(dao)教尊稱為(wei)(wei)“葛(ge)仙(xian)公”或“葛(ge)仙(xian)翁(weng)(weng)”,又稱“太極左仙(xian)公”;北宋(song)徽(hui)宗(zong)時封為(wei)(wei)“沖應(ying)真人(ren)”;南宋(song)理宗(zong)時封為(wei)(wei)“沖應(ying)孚(fu)佑(you)真君”。明清時,道(dao)(dao)門和民間又常(chang)(chang)稱葛(ge)洪為(wei)(wei)葛(ge)仙(xian)翁(weng)(weng)。仙(xian)翁(weng)(weng),祖(zu)代求仙(xian),皆(jie)成(cheng)真人(ren),仙(xian)翁(weng)(weng)初入道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)時,居(ju)長白山,或居(ju)東岳,自后(hou)遍歷名(ming)山,殷勤求道(dao)(dao),成(cheng)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)后(hou),隱(yin)跡潛形,惟值得留經(jing)教于世(shi),勸(quan)悟后(hou)學之(zhi)徒,凡言誦此(ci)經(jing)萬遍者,即萬行(xing)圓備,圓滿(man)之(zhi)意。又說,萬遍道(dao)(dao)備,飛升太空(kong),萬神之(zhi)備,萬遍既(ji)周,乃成(cheng)清靜(jing)之(zhi)道(dao)(dao)。
(41)此經(jing)(jing)是天(tian)人(ren)(ren)習(xi)(xi),不(bu)(bu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)士(shi):天(tian)人(ren)(ren),極陽之(zhi)仙(xian)。天(tian)仙(xian)者(zhe),碧落飛(fei)騰,游行(xing)自(zi)在,兩腋有(you)(you)毛羽,也叫羽客。凡是天(tian)仙(xian)羽客,住于三清之(zhi)上,常行(xing)于經(jing)(jing)法(fa),也不(bu)(bu)輕傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)士(shi)。世(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)苦修天(tian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)行(xing),即(ji)謂天(tian)上人(ren)(ren)。凡欲修學之(zhi)士(shi),何不(bu)(bu)誦(song)習(xi)(xi)此經(jing)(jing),日有(you)(you)進修三業,若無(wu)(wu)退慢(man)之(zhi)心,是有(you)(you)進無(wu)(wu)退之(zhi)士(shi),也不(bu)(bu)令(ling)經(jing)(jing)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)士(shi)。圣人(ren)(ren)云(yun):“經(jing)(jing)法(fa)流行(xing)于世(shi)(shi),學人(ren)(ren)若遇(yu)須當寶而貴之(zhi),不(bu)(bu)可輕世(shi)(shi),如逢賢(xian)士(shi),有(you)(you)心即(ji)授,有(you)(you)善即(ji)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。”
(42)吾(wu)(wu)昔(xi)受之于東(dong)(dong)華帝(di)君(jun):吾(wu)(wu),仙翁自稱。東(dong)(dong)華帝(di)君(jun),又(you)名木公、東(dong)(dong)王公、扶(fu)桑大(da)帝(di),與丹靈、黃老、皓(hao)靈、玄(xuan)老并稱“五(wu)方五(wu)老”,他(ta)掌管男(nan)(nan)仙名籍,男(nan)(nan)人成仙必謁東(dong)(dong)王公,女于成仙必謁西(xi)王母。此句言仙翁得受此經(清靜經)于東(dong)(dong)華帝(di)君(jun),也是不輕傳(chuan)于下士的(de)。
(43)東華(hua)帝君(jun)受之于金闕(que)帝君(jun):金闕(que),指天(tian)(tian)庭。金闕(que)帝君(jun),經書中說(shuo)法不一,有經稱(cheng)是(shi)太上(shang)老君(jun)。有經稱(cheng)是(shi)太上(shang)老君(jun)隨方(fang)設化,或號天(tian)(tian)皇大(da)帝,或曰太一救苦天(tian)(tian)尊,或號金闕(que)圣君(jun)。此意指上(shang)圣帝君(jun)都寶秘此經,何(he)況(kuang)后(hou)學(xue)傳授(shou)修持諷誦,還(huan)不更加崇仰而學(xue)修。
(44)金(jin)闕(que)帝(di)君(jun)受(shou)之于西王(wang)母:西王(wang)母,即王(wang)母娘娘、金(jin)母。是道教(jiao)諸女(nv)(nv)仙之尊(zun)神,女(nv)(nv)仙之首,凡女(nv)(nv)人成仙必謁“金(jin)母”。此句(ju)言金(jin)闕(que)帝(di)君(jun)受(shou)此經于西王(wang)母之時,也是不輕傳(chuan)下士的。
(45)皆口(kou)口(kou)相傳(chuan),不(bu)記文(wen)字(zi)。吾(wu)今于(yu)世(shi),書而錄之(zhi):口(kou)口(kou)相傳(chuan),指古(gu)圣人(ren)傳(chuan)授(shou)經(jing)法(fa),都是內藏心腹,秘受經(jing)文(wen),流通行(xing)化,并不(bu)記文(wen)字(zi),就不(bu)被世(shi)人(ren)所能見到(dao)。自從仙翁以來,書寫下(xia)了此經(jing),傳(chuan)于(yu)下(xia)世(shi),普(pu)遍流行(xing),是要拔度后(hou)學之(zhi)人(ren)。
(46)上(shang)士悟(wu)之(zhi),升(sheng)為天(tian)官(guan):上(shang)士,外煉(lian)形質,內養精(jing)神。外和其(qi)(qi)(qi)光(guang),而(er)同其(qi)(qi)(qi)塵(chen),內修(xiu)功而(er)保(bao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)元炁(qi)(qi),元炁(qi)(qi)是神之(zhi)母,人能常(chang)(chang)存于(yu)(yu)元炁(qi)(qi),下(xia)保(bao)于(yu)(yu)丹(dan)田(tian),上(shang)固于(yu)(yu)泥(ni)丸(wan),中守于(yu)(yu)絳宮,這樣保(bao)于(yu)(yu)三元,內養于(yu)(yu)神。(神,炁(qi)(qi)之(zhi)子。形,神之(zhi)舍。神是身(shen)之(zhi)主,身(shen)無(wu)主則(ze)不安(an),形無(wu)神而(er)不立。)上(shang)達(da)之(zhi)士,常(chang)(chang)服日(ri)精(jing),保(bao)于(yu)(yu)下(xia)丹(dan)田(tian),飲(yin)月華,保(bao)于(yu)(yu)腦戶。(腦戶,指泥(ni)丸(wan)上(shang)丹(dan)田(tian),屬陰(yin)。所(suo)以用太陽精(jing)炁(qi)(qi)保(bao)之(zhi)。)易(yi)經云(yun):“一(yi)陰(yin)一(yi)陽之(zhi)謂(wei)道(dao),能恃日(ri)月二(er)景,扶身(shen)形而(er)行之(zhi),必升(sheng)為天(tian)官(guan)。五(wu)云(yun)五(wu)炁(qi)(qi),是五(wu)行之(zhi)正炁(qi)(qi)。凡上(shang)道(dao)之(zhi)人,五(wu)臟(zang)既真(zhen),五(wu)臟(zang)炁(qi)(qi)自生五(wu)行,真(zhen)炁(qi)(qi)化成五(wu)云(yun),扶其(qi)(qi)(qi)形質,上(shang)游三界(jie)(jie)(三界(jie)(jie),欲界(jie)(jie)、色(se)界(jie)(jie)、無(wu)色(se)界(jie)(jie)),下(xia)游十(shi)(shi)方(十(shi)(shi)方,指四維(wei)、上(shang)、下(xia)。)。三界(jie)(jie)十(shi)(shi)方俱無(wu)滯(zhi)礙(ai),然(ran)后(hou)升(sheng)入上(shang)清,得(de)位為天(tian)官(guan)之(zhi)號(hao)。
(47)中士(shi)修之(zhi)(zhi),南(nan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)列仙:凡(fan)學(xue)道之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),先順(shun)煉肌,謂之(zhi)(zhi)寶(bao)(bao)玉(玉,指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)骨)。煉肺(fei)保津(jin),謂之(zhi)(zhi)炁。(金(jin),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肺(fei)。金(jin)石,指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)腎。丹,指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心。)安心息氣(qi),保于(yu)。腎臟,乃得延年。不是世間金(jin)石寶(bao)(bao)玉。這里所謂的金(jin)石,能(neng)保人(ren)性命(ming)。另(ling)據(ju)圖南(nan)子(zi)云:如(ru)何(he)外寶(bao)(bao)?即先要內(nei)保。如(ru)果(guo)能(neng)內(nei)保于(yu)性命(ming),然后上(shang)(shang)參于(yu)上(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)圣文。(圣文,指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)秘寶(bao)(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)書。)下達(da)玄微(wei)。(玄微(wei),指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下元(yuan)腎)又據(ju)上(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)經云:南(nan)方(fang)有(you)(you)丹靈天,內(nei)有(you)(you)蕊珠宮(gong)(gong)(gong),宮(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)有(you)(you)一真君號(hao)靈天君。又據(ju)是朱陽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)或朱陵宮(gong)(gong)(gong)。宮(gong)(gong)(gong)的一處有(you)(you)炎炎火煉池,池有(you)(you)七寶(bao)(bao)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)殿。也稱紫(zi)陽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)。如(ru)果(guo)有(you)(you)下達(da)之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi),學(xue)道成功的,得到司(si)命(ming)真君認同,錄下姓名,奏上(shang)(shang)南(nan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),就得為仙宮(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)號(hao)了(le)。
(48)下士(shi)得之(zhi)(zhi),在世長年:下士(shi)不(bu)能(neng)絕利一源(yuan),都(dou)求資身益命之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),或(huo)(huo)服(fu)靈藥,或(huo)(huo)餌丹砂,或(huo)(huo)休名棄位,或(huo)(huo)淡靜(jing)安神(shen),或(huo)(huo)依(yi)倚林泉(quan),或(huo)(huo)藏(zang)跡(ji)于朝(chao)市,內修至(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),外合五常,或(huo)(huo)隱或(huo)(huo)見(jian),體(ti)道(dao)合真,如(ru)斯不(bu)退,尚保延年,何(he)況(kuang)高士(shi)英(ying)賢,隱于嵩谷(gu),學(xue)神(shen)人(ren)餐藥而得白日升天。何(he)故后(hou)(hou)人(ren)不(bu)能(neng)專至(zhi)(zhi),即今西岳(yue)華山(shan),山(shan)居隱士(shi),丁陳二人(ren),在世延年注名以入(ru)仙位,況(kuang)后(hou)(hou)人(ren)不(bu)能(neng)相效,故舉此(ci)數(shu),喻乃明(ming)至(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)無(wu)偏求者必(bi)達。故本經云:天道(dao)無(wu)親,常與善人(ren)。
(49)游(you)行(xing)(xing)三(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie),升(sheng)(sheng)入金門:靈寶經云(yun):三(san)(san)(san)(san)十二(er)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、三(san)(san)(san)(san)十二(er)帝,第六名(ming)上(shang)明(ming)七曜(yao)摩夷天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)帝。名(ming)恬會延,此(ci)是欲(yu)界(jie)(jie)。雖(sui)有此(ci)說,凡學道(dao)(dao)(dao)但(dan)去(qu)其欲(yu),即名(ming)真(zhen)人。色(se)界(jie)(jie)在二(er)十四重天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),無(wu)極云(yun)誓天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為色(se)界(jie)(jie),其帝君號(hao)名(ming)飄駑穹隆。太(tai)素(su)秀樂禁上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為無(wu)色(se)界(jie)(jie),帝君名(ming)龍羅覺長,此(ci)名(ming)三(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie),乃(nai)指天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地而言(yan),此(ci)為外約大(da)(da)綱之說,若喻(yu)人身而言(yan),三(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)即三(san)(san)(san)(san)丹(dan)(dan)田(tian)。下(xia)丹(dan)(dan)田(tian)為欲(yu)界(jie)(jie),中丹(dan)(dan)田(tian)為色(se)界(jie)(jie),上(shang)丹(dan)(dan)田(tian)為無(wu)色(se)界(jie)(jie)。人若保(bao)守(shou)于(yu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)丹(dan)(dan)田(tian),則(ze)精炁神(shen)(shen)存(cun)上(shang)中下(xia)三(san)(san)(san)(san)丹(dan)(dan)田(tian)之境,真(zhen)人游(you)于(yu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie),若得(de)三(san)(san)(san)(san)丹(dan)(dan)田(tian),神(shen)(shen)俱(ju)足則(ze)自(zi)然(ran)升(sheng)(sheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。所(suo)以經云(yun):形神(shen)(shen)俱(ju)妙,與道(dao)(dao)(dao)合真(zhen)。《上(shang)清(qing)經》云(yun):大(da)(da)羅天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)在三(san)(san)(san)(san)十二(er)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)上(shang)。《靈寶經》云(yun):三(san)(san)(san)(san)界(jie)(jie)之上(shang),渺渺大(da)(da)羅,大(da)(da)羅之境,惟有三(san)(san)(san)(san)清(qing)宮(gong)闕(que)(que)。莫不上(shang)圣(sheng)高尊(zun)游(you)于(yu)其上(shang)。學道(dao)(dao)(dao)人若先修(xiu)內行(xing)(xing),保(bao)固守(shou)于(yu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)元神(shen)(shen),三(san)(san)(san)(san)元神(shen)(shen)俱(ju)備(bei),自(zi)得(de)升(sheng)(sheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),游(you)行(xing)(xing)三(san)(san)(san)(san)清(qing)之境,出入金闕(que)(que)之前,朝拜太(tai)上(shang)、得(de)為真(zhen)人。故(gu)曰:升(sheng)(sheng)入金門。
(50)左(zuo)(zuo)玄(xuan)(xuan)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)曰:左(zuo)(zuo),指(zhi)陽(yang)。玄(xuan)(xuan),指(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。左(zuo)(zuo)玄(xuan)(xuan)是道(dao)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)號,得(de)一(yi)(yi)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren),是立(li)其左(zuo)(zuo)右陰(yin)(yin)陽(yang)一(yi)(yi)的意思(si),所(suo)以(yi)稱(cheng)左(zuo)(zuo)玄(xuan)(xuan)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。左(zuo)(zuo)玄(xuan)(xuan)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)號法(fa)解(jie),大慈(ci)大仁,多請問(wen)因緣,下游五濁,救拔一(yi)(yi)切、復歸(gui)三(san)(san)境。侍(shi)從尊慈(ci),太(tai)上(shang)(shang)保(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),稱(cheng)其名(ming)號。學仙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,但(dan)能存(cun)(cun)一(yi)(yi)守(shou)于陰(yin)(yin)陽(yang)二炁,則為(wei)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。何(he)為(wei)守(shou)一(yi)(yi),一(yi)(yi)者,道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本性,一(yi)(yi)為(wei)大也(ye)。又云(yun)身(shen)(shen)也(ye),所(suo)以(yi)《西升經》云(yun):愛(ai)(ai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)如(ru)愛(ai)(ai)身(shen)(shen),愛(ai)(ai)身(shen)(shen)不(bu)(bu)如(ru)愛(ai)(ai)神。愛(ai)(ai)神不(bu)(bu)如(ru)舍神,舍神不(bu)(bu)如(ru)守(shou)身(shen)(shen),守(shou)身(shen)(shen)長久長存(cun)(cun)。學人(ren)(ren)(ren)未玄(xuan)(xuan)微,但(dan)且(qie)護形,愛(ai)(ai)炁輕(qing)物,賤名(ming)思(si)慮不(bu)(bu)惑,則血(xue)氣和平,如(ru)此即其一(yi)(yi)可存(cun)(cun)。陰(yin)(yin)陽(yang)二炁,即坎離之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用,故謂為(wei)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身(shen)(shen),然后朝(chao)于太(tai)上(shang)(shang),皆(jie)得(de)為(wei)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣也(ye)。上(shang)(shang)則參于三(san)(san)境,下則游于十方(fang),開(kai)導眾生,教化未悟,引(yin)接(jie)群(qun)生,普令得(de)其道(dao),此即為(wei)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)作也(ye)。
(51)學道(dao)之(zhi)士(shi),持(chi)(chi)誦(song)此經:持(chi)(chi)誦(song),依(yi)本曰讀,離本曰誦(song),學道(dao)之(zhi)士(shi),若能解心正,道(dao)念(nian)不退,依(yi)法奉(feng)修(xiu)如對(dui)太上,行住坐(zuo)立,常持(chi)(chi)專(zhuan)一,是(shi)謂(wei)誦(song)經。
(52)即得十(shi)(shi)(shi)天善(shan)(shan)神(shen)(shen),擁護(hu)其(qi)身:十(shi)(shi)(shi)天,指八方和上下。《因緣(yuan)經》云:每月十(shi)(shi)(shi)直(zhi)(zhi)齋,各有善(shan)(shan)神(shen)(shen)直(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),也(ye)為善(shan)(shan)神(shen)(shen)。且人有三業(ye)六根(gen),身形之業(ye),故有十(shi)(shi)(shi)惡。(十(shi)(shi)(shi)惡,指淫(yin)、殺、盜(dao)、貪、嫉妒(du)、恚、惡口、兩舌、妄(wang)(wang)語(yu)(yu)、綺語(yu)(yu)。),(十(shi)(shi)(shi)善(shan)(shan),身不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)動,心不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)動,意不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)思,性不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)亂,耳不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)聽(ting)邪聲,口不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)言(yan)綺語(yu)(yu),目不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)視邪色,鼻不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)受(shou)邪穢(hui),舌不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)食邪味,識不(bu)妄(wang)(wang)受(shou)于驚(jing)怖(bu))十(shi)(shi)(shi)善(shan)(shan)既生,十(shi)(shi)(shi)惡自滅。乃得真圣相(xiang)護(hu),此句(ju)言(yan)學道之士(shi)心常(chang)念道,持(chi)誦真經,即得善(shan)(shan)神(shen)(shen)擁護(hu)。
(53)然后玉符(fu)(fu)保神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),金液(ye)煉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)俱妙(miao),與道(dao)(dao)(dao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)真(zhen):玉符(fu)(fu),指玉皇之(zhi)(zhi)符(fu)(fu)。令人(ren)(ren)(ren)學道(dao)(dao)(dao),功圓行滿升(sheng)入仙(xian)階(jie),先得玉皇符(fu)(fu)命,然后升(sheng)仙(xian)。玉符(fu)(fu)于身(shen)而(er)論(lun),可明中元之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)。(中元,指心(xin)(xin)(xin)。)學人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin),若能(neng)安靜,自(zi)然無(wu)(wu)染于塵(chen)垢,清(qing)靜而(er)保固形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。上等之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren),悟(wu)煉金液(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),以固形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質。中士未悟(wu),身(shen)外(wai)(wai)求樂,合(he)(he)(he)(he)和修煉,以寧性命。若論(lun)出入之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),亦先固形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)體,然后養(yang)于神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)識,而(er)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)體固,形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瘦力倦。神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)者(zhe),為(wei)(wei)彼(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu),主(zhu)安則(ze)(ze)(ze)外(wai)(wai)固,假(jia)如(ru)世之(zhi)(zhi)屋(wu)宅,無(wu)(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)則(ze)(ze)(ze)不能(neng)全。內(nei)外(wai)(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),也是這(zhe)個道(dao)(dao)(dao)理。故經云:我身(shen)乃神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)車,神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)舍,神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)。主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)安靜,神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)即(ji)居之(zhi)(zhi),躁動神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)即(ji)去之(zhi)(zhi)。又說(shuo)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)生形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不得神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不能(neng)自(zi)主(zhu),神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)不得形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不能(neng)自(zi)成。形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong),更(geng)相(xiang)生更(geng)相(xiang)成,這(zhe)是表里相(xiang)應之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。又說(shuo):神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)常(chang)愛人(ren)(ren)(ren),人(ren)(ren)(ren)不愛神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)常(chang)愛人(ren)(ren)(ren),愿(yuan)其人(ren)(ren)(ren)生,人(ren)(ren)(ren)不愛神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),為(wei)(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)所憂。心(xin)(xin)(xin)也是神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),其神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)名叫(jiao)靈童,能(neng)惡能(neng)善,能(neng)昧能(neng)明,能(neng)喜能(neng)怒,能(neng)正能(neng)邪。使意馬如(ru)風,驅心(xin)(xin)(xin)猿如(ru)箭疾。巧生千種,機出萬端,皆在此神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。《內(nei)觀經》云:心(xin)(xin)(xin)即(ji)是神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)青非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)白,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)赤非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)黃,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)大非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)小(xiao),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)短非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)長(chang),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)曲非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)直(zhi),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)柔非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)剛,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)厚非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)薄,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)圓非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方,變化莫測(ce),混合(he)(he)(he)(he)陰陽(yang);大包天(tian)地,細入毫芒;制之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)止,放(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)狂;清(qing)靜則(ze)(ze)(ze)生,濁躁則(ze)(ze)(ze)亡(wang),人(ren)(ren)(ren)能(neng)清(qing)靜內(nei)修至(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),制伏(fu)其心(xin)(xin)(xin),心(xin)(xin)(xin)既安靜,其神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)則(ze)(ze)(ze)生。神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)生則(ze)(ze)(ze)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)固,形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)固成神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)藉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)而(er)成,形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)藉神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)而(er)生,形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)相(xiang)藉,安靜修功,形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)固神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)全。所以說(shuo):形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)俱妙(miao),內(nei)外(wai)(wai)相(xiang)應,自(zi)然與道(dao)(dao)(dao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)真(zhen)。
(54)正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)曰:正(zheng)(zheng),即真(zhen)。一(yi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da),也指心(xin)。心(xin)是南(nan)方(fang)太陽之(zhi)(zhi)象,原處(chu)北方(fang)。因何太陽處(chu)于北方(fang),為(wei)(wei)(wei)坎離中有一(yi)畫,故(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)陽,是謂(wei)心(xin)。一(yi)是陰中陽位(wei)(wei),二(er)是陽中陰位(wei)(wei),此是五(wu)行反復之(zhi)(zhi)理,陰陽變化之(zhi)(zhi)用,是謂(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)。正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren),指漢天(tian)師,姓張,諱道陵(ling),今為(wei)(wei)(wei)三天(tian)大(da)法師,位(wei)(wei)任(ren)正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren),又為(wei)(wei)(wei)三清(qing)度師,居(ju)圣(sheng)真(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei),曾煉五(wu)行,修(xiu)功為(wei)(wei)(wei)國,扶衰救苦(ku),除害(hai)興物(wu),利濟庶民(min),功圓行滿,超凡成圣(sheng)。位(wei)(wei)居(ju)高(gao)上正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)。人(ren)(ren)若(ruo)能修(xiu)煉其心(xin),自然關府通(tong)泰,神和氣暢,皆由(you)正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。張天(tian)師流傳下來的有正(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)斬邪三五(wu)飛步(bu)之(zhi)(zhi)道、銅符鐵券、金丹寶(bao)經(jing)、秘訣靈章、二(er)十四(si)階品(pin)錄等(deng)。
(55)人家(jia)有(you)此(ci)經(jing),悟解之(zhi)者,災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)不(bu)(bu)干(gan),眾(zhong)圣(sheng)(sheng)護(hu)門(men):家(jia),此(ci)指(zhi)身(shen)(shen)。經(jing),指(zhi)心(xin)。真人曰:家(jia)有(you)此(ci)經(jing),若(ruo)能(neng)悟解玄微,清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing)身(shen)(shen)心(xin),修(xiu)行念道,持誦(song)不(bu)(bu)退,即(ji)得(de)眾(zhong)圣(sheng)(sheng)神(shen)人護(hu)衛其門(men),即(ji)得(de)神(shen)人護(hu)門(men)則(ze)災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)不(bu)(bu)干(gan)于(yu)家(jia)庭,邪魔無犯(fan)于(yu)住止,皆(jie)因主人清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing),故(gu)(gu)(gu)得(de)神(shen)明護(hu)門(men)。內比(bi)喻則(ze)家(jia)猶身(shen)(shen),心(xin)為經(jing)。人能(neng)清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing)行其至道于(yu)心(xin),則(ze)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)有(you)此(ci)經(jing)。悟,即(ji)覺。達,即(ji)解。通,作了。覺了則(ze)謂(wei)(wei)心(xin)有(you)經(jing)。無經(jing)則(ze)未悟解,故(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),煩惱所(suo)生,若(ruo)心(xin)了達,則(ze)無煩惱。煩惱既無,自然清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing)。災(zai)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)不(bu)(bu)生,故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)干(gan)。眾(zhong)圣(sheng)(sheng)護(hu)門(men),意思是指(zhi)人身(shen)(shen)中有(you)三(san)萬六千神(shen),左三(san)魂右七魄(po),身(shen)(shen)有(you)一萬二(er)千形影(ying),體(ti)有(you)二(er)萬四精光(guang),五(wu)臟六腑,二(er)十四神(shen),耳眼口(kou)鼻皆(jie)有(you),一一各有(you)宮(gong)闕所(suo)居,人若(ruo)清(qing)(qing)靜(jing)(jing),眾(zhong)神(shen)歸身(shen)(shen),各居宮(gong)闕,故(gu)(gu)(gu)云:眾(zhong)圣(sheng)(sheng)護(hu)門(men)。
(56)神(shen)(shen)升(sheng)(sheng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)界(jie),朝(chao)拜高真(zhen)(zhen):神(shen)(shen),即(ji)心(xin),道典(dian)云,聰明(ming)正(zheng)直謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen),陰(yin)陽不(bu)測謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng)。故云心(xin)靈則(ze)道降,道降則(ze)神(shen)(shen)靈,神(shen)(shen)靈則(ze)圣(sheng)。神(shen)(shen)明(ming)既圣(sheng),即(ji)可升(sheng)(sheng)。(升(sheng)(sheng),登(deng))。升(sheng)(sheng)登(deng)于(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)界(jie)。(上(shang)(shang)(shang)界(jie),三(san)(san)界(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang),三(san)(san)清(qing)(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)境(jing)大羅天(tian)(tian))。人(ren)能保精(jing)(jing)(jing)養氣(qi),愛神(shen)(shen)調和于(yu)元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi),填補于(yu)腦(nao),烹煉神(shen)(shen)水,變(bian)化(hua)精(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)氣(qi)若全(quan),即(ji)得上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)三(san)(san)界(jie),朝(chao)禮太上(shang)(shang)(shang)高尊(zun),凡學(xue)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,所(suo)(suo)說(shuo)朝(chao)元(yuan)(yuan),即(ji)有(you)二(er)(er)種,一(yi)論天(tian)(tian)地,二(er)(er)論人(ren)身,即(ji)明(ming)三(san)(san)丹(dan)田,且三(san)(san)界(jie)朝(chao)元(yuan)(yuan)者(zhe),即(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)元(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)(yuan)、下元(yuan)(yuan)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)元(yuan)(yuan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)應(ying)(ying)玉清(qing)(qing)始炁所(suo)(suo)化(hua),號天(tian)(tian)寶君(jun),理(li)玉清(qing)(qing)圣(sheng)境(jing)清(qing)(qing)微天(tian)(tian),總(zong)(zong)一(yi)十二(er)(er)部(bu)圣(sheng)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經,為(wei)洞(dong)真(zhen)(zhen)教(jiao)主(zhu)(zhu),下于(yu)人(ren)身中(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)丹(dan)田。腦(nao)宮也號泥丸宮、帝君(jun)以(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)炁。中(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)(yuan)者(zhe),上(shang)(shang)(shang)應(ying)(ying)上(shang)(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)元(yuan)(yuan)炁所(suo)(suo)化(hua),號靈寶君(jun),理(li)上(shang)(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)境(jing)禹(yu)余天(tian)(tian),總(zong)(zong)一(yi)十二(er)(er)部(bu)真(zhen)(zhen)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經,為(wei)洞(dong)玄(xuan)教(jiao)主(zhu)(zhu),下于(yu)人(ren)身中(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)丹(dan)田,心(xin)府宮,帝君(jun)主(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)神(shen)(shen)。下元(yuan)(yuan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)應(ying)(ying)太清(qing)(qing)玄(xuan)炁所(suo)(suo)化(hua),號神(shen)(shen)寶君(jun),理(li)太清(qing)(qing)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)境(jing),大赤(chi)天(tian)(tian)總(zong)(zong)一(yi)十二(er)(er)部(bu)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經,為(wei)洞(dong)神(shen)(shen)教(jiao)主(zhu)(zhu),下于(yu)人(ren)身中(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)下丹(dan)田,炁海腎宮,帝君(jun)主(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)命,此三(san)(san)元(yuan)(yuan)、三(san)(san)宮、三(san)(san)寶,天(tian)(tian)地得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)成,失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)傾,人(ren)生得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)生,失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)死。故《黃(huang)庭經》云:一(yi)身精(jing)(jing)(jing)神(shen)(shen)慎勿失。故要保愛。又云:仙(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)道士非(fei)有(you)神(shen)(shen),積精(jing)(jing)(jing)累(lei)炁以(yi)成真(zhen)(zhen)。此句言(yan),凡學(xue)道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),若能運用精(jing)(jing)(jing)華,存想神(shen)(shen)炁,朝(chao)拜三(san)(san)元(yuan)(yuan),修功不(bu)退久而行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),自(zi)得真(zhen)(zhen)道。
(57)功(gong)滿(man)(man)德就,相感帝君(jun)。誦持(chi)不(bu)退(tui),身(shen)騰紫(zi)云(yun)(yun):功(gong)滿(man)(man)八百,行(xing)(xing)(xing)滿(man)(man)三(san)(san)千。(功(gong)行(xing)(xing)(xing),此指(zhi)(zhi)修(xiu)煉的功(gong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。)學人(ren)(ren)若能行(xing)(xing)(xing)胎息之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),日行(xing)(xing)(xing)八百,即可以升(sheng)天(tian),功(gong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)感應(ying),自然升(sheng)舉。古德云(yun)(yun),功(gong)圓(yuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)滿(man)(man)升(sheng)為金闕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣,獨(du)步(bu)玉京之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上道(dao)(dao)(dao)。學人(ren)(ren)若能專守(shou)三(san)(san)宮,朝拜真(zhen)元,百節闕府,自然通泰,萬神(shen)和暢。相感帝君(jun),指(zhi)(zhi)既(ji)存(cun)守(shou)三(san)(san)元,三(san)(san)元各有帝君(jun),誦持(chi)不(bu)退(tui),則心念正道(dao)(dao)(dao)。身(shen)騰紫(zi)云(yun)(yun),指(zhi)(zhi)內觀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao),乃(nai)有正說(shuo),人(ren)(ren)有五臟(zang)屬于五行(xing)(xing)(xing),人(ren)(ren)若修(xiu)煉五行(xing)(xing)(xing)真(zhen)炁(qi),傳(chuan)于五臟(zang),故為實腹,五臟(zang)真(zhen)炁(qi)既(ji)成(cheng),自然尸解,出有入無,變化自在(zai),存(cun)亡恍惚,此為得道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中也。紫(zi)云(yun)(yun),指(zhi)(zhi)五臟(zang)真(zhen)炁(qi)結(jie)成(cheng),紫(zi)云(yun)(yun)乃(nai)是上天(tian)誥(gao)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炁(qi),故凡得道(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren),皆(jie)是乘云(yun)(yun)而去,上升(sheng)三(san)(san)境,朝拜太上高尊,以表得道(dao)(dao)(dao)人(ren)(ren)證于尊貴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌(mao)。此句言至心修(xiu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)必然成(cheng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。
《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)》,全稱《太上老君(jun)(jun)說常(chang)清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)》,一卷(juan)。作者不詳(xiang),一說葛玄。道教稱老君(jun)(jun)西游白龜(gui)臺之(zhi)時,為(wei)(wei)(wei)西王母(mu)(mu)說常(chang)清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing),西王母(mu)(mu)皆口(kou)口(kou)相(xiang)傳,不記文字(zi),吾今(jin)于世(shi)書而錄之(zhi)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)道士們日(ri)常(chang)誦習(xi)的(de)重要(yao)功(gong)(gong)課之(zhi)一。《太上老君(jun)(jun)說常(chang)清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)》(簡稱《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)》)大(da)約產生于唐(tang)朝,當時比較著(zhu)名的(de)注(zhu)本為(wei)(wei)(wei)杜光庭所注(zhu)。金代,王重陽創立全真(zhen)教后(hou),《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)》就成為(wei)(wei)(wei)全真(zhen)教的(de)日(ri)常(chang)功(gong)(gong)課,作為(wei)(wei)(wei)非常(chang)重要(yao)的(de)經(jing)(jing)典被重視。
云篆太虛,浩劫(jie)之初(chu)。乍遐乍邇(er)(ěr) ,或沉或浮。五方(fang)徘徊,一丈之馀(yú)。天真皇人,按筆乃書(shu)。以演洞章,次書(shu)靈符。元始(shi)下降,真文(wen)誕敷。昭(zhao)昭(zhao)其有,冥(ming)冥(ming)其無(wu)。沉疴(ke)(kē)能自痊(quan),塵勞溺可扶(fu)。幽冥(ming)將有賴,由是升仙都。
關于此經的成立時代(dai),根據考證應為(wei)唐(tang)代(dai),因: (一)《清(qing)靜經》七種注本中,屬杜光(guang)庭(ting)注本為(wei)最(zui)早,杜光(guang)庭(ting)是唐(tang)末五代(dai)人,因此《清(qing)靜經》應系晚唐(tang)以前(qian)的作品。
(二)「洞(dong)神部 玉訣類(lei) 是字號」的無名氏注(zhu)(zhu)本,載有太極真人向唐(tang)(tang) 同(tong)昌公主傳(chuan)授五(wu)戒、十善、六齋、三會、五(wu)臘、五(wu)忌之法,并誡其當(dang)奉持(chi)《清靜(jing)經》之事。注(zhu)(zhu)中亦記唐(tang)(tang)時靈驗故(gu)事,以宣揚(yang)此經的神應。可見此經在唐(tang)(tang)時已普遍流傳(chuan)。
由(you)以上(shang)兩(liang)點可知此經成于唐代殆無疑義。另從此經文字用(yong)例來看,如三(san)毒、六欲等(deng)詞(ci)匯并不(bu)常(chang)見(jian)于六朝以前的古籍(ji)。故應(ying)為(wei)六朝后(hou)的作品而(er)非葛洪所(suo)作。疑為(wei)后(hou)世道流所(suo)依托,作者(zhe)不(bu)詳。
本(ben)經文(wen)詞用法糅合儒(ru)釋(shi)道三家(jia)詞語,故作者應是容攝三教(jiao)思想者。其經文(wen)的(de)意義,包含道教(jiao)的(de)道,佛(fo)教(jiao)的(de)三業、三界(jie)說法以及(ji)儒(ru)家(jia)的(de)道德說,但其基本(ben)思想仍為老子(zi)道的(de)本(ben)體論與人生論。
至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)經的成立背景,可大體以(yi)唐時(shi)(shi)的宗(zong)教(jiao)情況概觀。唐初李氏崇(chong)拜老子(zi),故崇(chong)道(dao)(dao)抑佛(fo);至(zhi)武(wu)后朝,反崇(chong)佛(fo)棄(qi)道(dao)(dao)。這(zhe)種(zhong)反復的情況和六朝時(shi)(shi)期非常相似,所以(yi)佛(fo)道(dao)(dao)并(bing)(bing)存(cun)(cun)在唐代(dai),只是一方(fang)顯明,另一方(fang)則灰(hui)黯,并(bing)(bing)非消失。到(dao)晚唐時(shi)(shi),因政治更加混(hun)亂,人民浮奢,遂需(xu)要一些教(jiao)化人心的教(jiao)材加以(yi)規(gui)范,宗(zong)教(jiao)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)便發(fa)生了凈(jing)化作用。亦因為佛(fo)道(dao)(dao)并(bing)(bing)存(cun)(cun),所以(yi)彼此(ci)作品當中皆(jie)有對方(fang)的思想存(cun)(cun)在,藉以(yi)吸收社會(hui)民眾的認同,故劃(hua)分(fen)并(bing)(bing)不很清楚。加以(yi)這(zhe)部經典(dian)旨在講清靜、無欲、陰陽等(deng)觀念,其演(yan)變符合(he)唐代(dai)社會(hui)狀(zhuang)況所需(xu),更加深此(ci)經為唐朝作品的可信度。
《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)》全(quan)(quan)文(wen)僅(jin)(jin)四(si)百多(duo)(duo)字,去掉經(jing)(jing)(jing)末的(de)(de)(de)題為"仙人(ren)葛(ge)翁""左玄真人(ren)""正一(yi)真人(ren)"的(de)(de)(de)評(ping)語(yu)(yu),則不(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)四(si)百字。但是(shi)(shi)該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)言(yan)(yan)簡意(yi)(yi)賅,以(yi)"清(qing)靜"為其主(zhu)要思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang),繼承(cheng)并發展了早期(qi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家(jia),包括老莊、列子、《易經(jing)(jing)(jing)》等人(ren)或經(jing)(jing)(jing)典(dian)的(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang),形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了其獨具特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)系。該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)雖(sui)(sui)然以(yi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家(jia)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)為主(zhu),但同(tong)(tong)時也(ye)吸(xi)收并借鑒了佛(fo)(fo)(fo)教的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)和名(ming)詞,尤其是(shi)(shi)其中"空"的(de)(de)(de)理念,這也(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)為該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)"遣欲(yu)觀空"的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang)。該(gai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)認(ren)為,如(ru)(ru)(ru)果人(ren)能(neng)達到(dao)清(qing) 清(qing)靜的(de)(de)(de)境界或者狀態, 可以(yi)做到(dao)無(wu)(wu)(wu)欲(yu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)求, 還能(neng)應和萬物, 教化(hua)(hua)眾(zhong)生, 使天地歸(gui)于(yu)大道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。朱(zhu)熹說:“后(hou)(hou)來(lai)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家(jia)做《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)》, 又(you)卻偷(tou)(tou)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)家(jia)言(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu), 全(quan)(quan)做得(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)好。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)所謂(wei)(wei)‘色即是(shi)(shi)空’處, 他把色、受(shou)(shou)、想(xiang)(xiang)、行、識五個對一(yi)個‘空’字說, 故曰:‘空即是(shi)(shi)色。受(shou)(shou)、想(xiang)(xiang)、行、識, 亦(yi)復(fu)(fu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)是(shi)(shi)’, 謂(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)空也(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)《清(qing)凈經(jing)(jing)(jing)》中偷(tou)(tou)此句(ju)意(yi)(yi)思(si)(si), 卻說‘無(wu)(wu)(wu)無(wu)(wu)(wu)亦(yi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)’, 只偷(tou)(tou)得(de)(de)(de)他‘色即是(shi)(shi)空’, 卻不(bu)(bu)(bu)曾(ceng)理會得(de)(de)(de)他‘受(shou)(shou)、想(xiang)(xiang)、行、識, 亦(yi)復(fu)(fu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)是(shi)(shi)’之(zhi)意(yi)(yi), 全(quan)(quan)無(wu)(wu)(wu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)理。”《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)》更有(you)可能(neng)是(shi)(shi)受(shou)(shou)到(dao)六朝時期(qi)前(qian)秦(qin)鳩摩(mo)羅什譯本(ben)《心經(jing)(jing)(jing)》的(de)(de)(de)影響。《清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)》采用(yong)了佛(fo)(fo)(fo)教的(de)(de)(de)六欲(yu)、三毒(du)、空、妄心、煩惱妄想(xiang)(xiang)、苦海等專有(you)名(ming)詞。“空”的(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)想(xiang)(xiang), 很明(ming)(ming)顯來(lai)自(zi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)教, 而(er)(er)(er)且其語(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)結構(gou)(gou)也(ye)和佛(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)中的(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)結構(gou)(gou)相(xiang)似(si)。其后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)“既(ji)入真道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao), 名(ming)為得(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao), 雖(sui)(sui)名(ming)得(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao), 實(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)所得(de)(de)(de);為化(hua)(hua)眾(zhong)生, 名(ming)為得(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”等多(duo)(duo)處語(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)結構(gou)(gou)也(ye)明(ming)(ming)顯模仿了佛(fo)(fo)(fo)教的(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)。 在六朝以(yi)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)典(dian)中, 沒(mei)有(you)“苦海”一(yi)詞, 而(er)(er)(er)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)教傳(chuan)入中國后(hou)(hou), 許多(duo)(duo)漢譯佛(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)中經(jing)(jing)(jing)常出現這個詞語(yu)(yu)。《常清(qing)靜經(jing)(jing)(jing)》認(ren)為, 眾(zhong)生之(zhi)所以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)真正意(yi)(yi)義上的(de)(de)(de)“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”, 是(shi)(shi)因為有(you)一(yi)顆妄動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)心,從而(er)(er)(er)在生死中不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷輪回。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)生死觀與此不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong), 《莊子》認(ren)為未生之(zhi)前(qian)本(ben)來(lai)沒(mei)有(you)生命(ming), 不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)(jin)沒(mei)有(you)生命(ming), 連形(xing)體(ti)(ti)也(ye)沒(mei)有(you), 而(er)(er)(er)且連構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)元(yuan)素(su)都沒(mei)有(you), 混雜在恍惚之(zhi)中, 混沌變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)(er)有(you)元(yuan)氣, 元(yuan)氣變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)(er)有(you)形(xing)體(ti)(ti), 形(xing)體(ti)(ti)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)(er)有(you)生命(ming), 生命(ming)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)而(er)(er)(er)至死亡。這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)生死變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)如(ru)(ru)(ru)同(tong)(tong)寒來(lai)暑往的(de)(de)(de)四(si)季一(yi)樣(yang), 如(ru)(ru)(ru)果失聲痛哭, 那就是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)懂天地自(zi)然變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)之(zhi)理。