滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu),俗(su)稱篩子湖(hu)(hu)(當地(di)人(ren)發音類似沙(sha)子,篩子湖(hu)(hu)意(yi)思是(shi)很(hen)淺的(de)湖(hu)(hu),滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)內并無沙(sha)子),亦(yi)稱西(xi)滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)和(he)西(xi)滆(he)(he)沙(sha)子湖(hu)(hu)和(he)西(xi)太湖(hu)(hu),位于武(wu)進西(xi)南(nan)部與宜(yi)(yi)興東(dong)北部間(jian),為武(wu)進和(he)宜(yi)(yi)興共享,是(shi)蘇南(nan)地(di)區僅(jin)次(ci)于太湖(hu)(hu)的(de)第二大湖(hu)(hu)泊,滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)面積約(yue)25萬畝(約(yue)166.7k㎡),平均水(shui)深不足1.5米。關于滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)的(de)形成時間(jian)及(ji)取名(ming)由來,一直(zhi)是(shi)一個謎。搞(gao)清楚滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)的(de)形成時間(jian)及(ji)取名(ming)由來,對科學利用和(he)充分發揮滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)旅游資(zi)源的(de)價值具有重要意(yi)義。
滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),俗稱沙子(zi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)位(wei)于太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)上(shang)游,縱跨武(wu)進區和(he)宜興兩(liang)市(區),東(dong)臨太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),西接長蕩湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),南連宜興氿(gui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),北(bei)經扁擔(dan)河(he)、德勝河(he)通長江(jiang)。它是蘇南地區僅(jin)次于太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的第二(er)大(da)淡水(shui)(shui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),江(jiang)蘇五大(da)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊之一。滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)南北(bei)長25公(gong)里(li),東(dong)西平均寬(kuan)6.6公(gong)里(li),現有(you)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)積24.9萬畝(約(yue)166.7k㎡),常年(nian)平均水(shui)(shui)深約(yue)1.3米。滆(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)面(mian)(mian)狀如(ru)一長茄形,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)岸圓滑(hua)整齊。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)體(ti)呈(cheng)淺碟型,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)底平坦。沿湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)河(he)港縱橫,水(shui)(shui)網交(jiao)錯,池(chi)塘(tang)星羅棋布,自然環境(jing)優美。
對(dui)于滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)是(shi)因地震發生地陷(xian)而成(cheng)(cheng)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)原因是(shi)沒有人懷疑的(de)(de)(de),因為(wei)這不但(dan)有史(shi)籍記載證(zheng)明,而且圍(wei)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)建滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)農場時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)發現(xian)也已證(zheng)實。但(dan)對(dui)于滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)具體時(shi)間卻說(shuo)法不一,現(xian)有二(er)種說(shuo)法,一說(shuo)滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)間為(wei)晉(jin)朝(chao)(chao),如《嘉澤鄉志》有云:“晉(jin)朝(chao)(chao)年間,(滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu))是(shi)一古(gu)(gu)城,后經地震陷(xian)落而成(cheng)(cheng)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)泊。”二(er)說(shuo)滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)間為(wei)唐代(dai),如《南夏墅鄉志》錄《孫(sun)氏宗(zong)譜》有云:“(滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu))相傳為(wei)唐天(tian)寶年間所(suo)陷(xian)。”筆(bi)者認為(wei),滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)于晉(jin)、唐時(shi)代(dai)二(er)說(shuo)缺少史(shi)籍資料(liao)(liao)和(he)考古(gu)(gu)資料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)支持,均(jun)不可信。依據現(xian)有的(de)(de)(de)史(shi)籍相關資料(liao)(liao)和(he)考古(gu)(gu)資料(liao)(liao),滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)間應在東(dong)漢(han)中(zhong)晚期,這可通(tong)過下面的(de)(de)(de)考證(zheng)得到證(zheng)實。
記(ji)載吳越史志的《越絕書》,在記(ji)載昔吳越之(zhi)地漢時的湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊時,只(zhi)記(ji)載有(you)(you)太湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、射貴(gui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、無(wu)錫湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、尸湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、小湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、耆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、乘湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、猶湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、語(yu)昭(zhao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、作(zuo)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、昆(kun)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)王(wang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和丹湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),并(bing)沒有(you)(you)記(ji)載有(you)(you)滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),這就說明(ming)在《越絕書》成書時滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)還未形成,如果此時滆湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)已存在的話,該書必會將其(qi)收(shou)錄在內(nei)。
書中(zhong)還(huan)未(wei)有(you)(you)“滆(he)(he)(he)(he)”字(zi),這說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)“滆(he)(he)(he)(he)”字(zi)為后起字(zi)。許慎《說(shuo)(shuo)文解字(zi)》成書于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)100年(nian)(nian),是(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)為東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)中(zhong)期(qi)(qi),據(ju)(ju)此也可(ke)證在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)還(huan)沒有(you)(you)形(xing)成。今滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)還(huan)未(wei)形(xing)成,從考古資(zi)(zi)料(liao)方面也可(ke)得到證實(shi)。1993年(nian)(nian)6月(yue),在(zai)(zai)(zai)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)農場處(chu)(chu)發現了一(yi)座漢(han)(han)(han)代(dai)古墓(mu)葬(zang),墓(mu)葬(zang)內出土的(de)一(yi)批(pi)五(wu)銖(zhu)錢幣“五(wu)銖(zhu)”二字(zi)規(gui)整,“五(wu)”字(zi)形(xing)舒展,“銖(zhu)”字(zi)朱旁(pang)上折方中(zhong)見圓,具有(you)(you)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)五(wu)銖(zhu)錢的(de)典型特征(zheng),據(ju)(ju)此可(ke)斷(duan)定(ding)該墓(mu)葬(zang)主(zhu)人(ren)的(de)下葬(zang)確切時(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)。滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)農場原是(shi)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)一(yi)部分,1971年(nian)(nian)因圍湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)造田才(cai)變成旱地(di),在(zai)(zai)(zai)該處(chu)(chu)發現東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)的(de)墓(mu)葬(zang),說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)還(huan)未(wei)形(xing)成。否則,滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)內就不會(hui)出現東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)墓(mu)葬(zang)。綜(zong)合以上考證可(ke)得出 ,滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)形(xing)成時(shi)(shi)(shi)間既不是(shi)晉代(dai),也不是(shi)唐代(dai),而(er)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)之(zhi)后。從現有(you)(you)的(de)史籍資(zi)(zi)料(liao)來看,最早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)言(yan)及到滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)人(ren)士是(shi)三國(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)吳(wu)經學家、會(hui)稽(今浙江)人(ren)虞翻(fan)(fan)(fan),如元(yuan)至正(zheng)《金(jin)陵新志》載(zai):“虞翻(fan)(fan)(fan)曰(yue):‘太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)有(you)(you)五(wu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),故謂之(zhi)五(wu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),洮(tao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),射(she)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),貴(gui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)及太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)為五(wu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),并太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)之(zhi)小支,具連太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),故太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)兼(jian)得五(wu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)之(zhi)名。’”虞翻(fan)(fan)(fan)既已(yi)言(yan)到滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)虞翻(fan)(fan)(fan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)已(yi)肯定(ding)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)。虞翻(fan)(fan)(fan)生于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)164年(nian)(nian),卒(zu)于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)233年(nian)(nian),這也就是(shi)說(shuo)(shuo),滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)形(xing)成的(de)最晚時(shi)(shi)(shi)間應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)233年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)前(qian)。依據(ju)(ju)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)早(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)還(huan)未(wei)形(xing)成,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)233年(nian)(nian)虞翻(fan)(fan)(fan)卒(zu)之(zhi)前(qian)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)已(yi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai),三國(guo)初年(nian)(nian)為公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)220年(nian)(nian),可(ke)斷(duan)定(ding)滆(he)(he)(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)形(xing)成時(shi)(shi)(shi)間應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)中(zhong)晚期(qi)(qi)。