在咸豐時期,曾對長春(chun)宮與啟祥(xiang)宮進行修改。
太極(ji)殿(啟祥宮(gong))原(yuan)為二進院,改(gai)修(xiu)長(chang)春宮(gong)時,將太極(ji)殿后(hou)殿辟為穿堂殿,后(hou)檐(yan)接出抱廈(sha),并與長(chang)春宮(gong)及(ji)其東(dong)西配殿以轉角游廊相連,形(xing)成回(hui)廊,東(dong)西耳房各(ge)開一(yi)間為通(tong)道,使太極(ji)殿與長(chang)春宮(gong)連接成相互貫通(tong)的四進院。
太極殿(dian)面闊5間,黃(huang)琉璃(li)瓦歇山頂,前(qian)后出廊。外檐繪蘇式彩(cai)畫(hua),門窗飾萬(wan)字錦(jin)(jin)底(di)團壽(shou)紋(wen),步步錦(jin)(jin)支摘窗。室內飾石(shi)膏(gao)堆塑(su)五福捧(peng)壽(shou)紋(wen)天花(hua)(hua),系(xi)清末民初時所改(gai)。明間與(yu)東西次間分(fen)別以花(hua)(hua)梨(li)木透雕萬(wan)字錦(jin)(jin)地(di)(di)花(hua)(hua)卉欄桿罩與(yu)球紋(wen)錦(jin)(jin)地(di)(di)鳳(feng)鳥落(luo)地(di)(di)罩相隔,正中設(she)地(di)(di)屏(ping)寶座。殿(dian)前(qian)有高大的祥鳳(feng)萬(wan)壽(shou)紋(wen)琉璃(li)屏(ping)門,與(yu)東西配殿(dian)組(zu)成一(yi)個寬(kuan)敞(chang)的庭院。
儲(chu)秀宮(gong)(gong)是慈禧太后一(yi)(yi)(yi)生中最重要(yao)的(de)宮(gong)(gong)院,慈禧五十大壽時將儲(chu)秀宮(gong)(gong)與(yu)前(qian)面的(de)翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)打通(tong)(tong),在拆除隔開(kai)兩(liang)宮(gong)(gong)的(de)宮(gong)(gong)墻以及儲(chu)秀門后,又(you)于原地新建(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)殿,作(zuo)為(wei)翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)儲(chu)秀宮(gong)(gong)的(de)連接之(zhi)殿。儲(chu)秀宮(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)長春宮(gong)(gong)的(de)打通(tong)(tong)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)些許不同。長春宮(gong)(gong)是和(he)(he)啟祥宮(gong)(gong)之(zhi)間(jian)完(wan)全打通(tong)(tong),兩(liang)宮(gong)(gong)之(zhi)間(jian)并未有(you)(you)(you)任何一(yi)(yi)(yi)堵宮(gong)(gong)墻與(yu)之(zhi)隔開(kai),只有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)體(ti)(ti)元殿作(zuo)為(wei)前(qian)殿而(er)已;儲(chu)秀宮(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)雖(sui)然打通(tong)(tong),因而(er)新建(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)殿,但(dan)在體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)殿兩(liang)側,仍各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道宮(gong)(gong)墻,與(yu)左右兩(liang)側原本的(de)宮(gong)(gong)墻相(xiang)連接,因此(ci),只要(yao)將體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)殿穿堂的(de)宮(gong)(gong)門閉上,儲(chu)秀宮(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)又(you)可兩(liang)相(xiang)成為(wei)各(ge)自獨立的(de)宮(gong)(gong)院。
西(xi)(xi)六(liu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)清代后宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)妃(fei)嬪的(de)住(zhu)處,包括永壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、翊坤宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、儲秀(xiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、咸福(fu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、長春宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和啟祥宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(太極殿)。因整齊有(you)致的(de)坐落于紫禁(jin)城的(de)子(zi)午(wu)線西(xi)(xi)側,因而被統一(yi)稱作(zuo)西(xi)(xi)六(liu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),與(yu)之(zhi)相(xiang)對應的(de)還有(you)子(zi)午(wu)線東側的(de)東六(liu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。而東、西(xi)(xi)六(liu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(有(you)時又被稱做(zuo)東西(xi)(xi)十二宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)),又像(xiang)兩腋般夾挾著中央的(de)后三(san)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),因而與(yu)古代所(suo)謂的(de)掖(ye)廷相(xiang)對應。
永壽宮(gong)(gong),內廷西(xi)六宮(gong)(gong)之一。建于明(ming)永樂十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(1420年(nian)(nian)),初名(ming)長樂宮(gong)(gong)。嘉靖十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(1535年(nian)(nian))改名(ming)毓(yu)德(de)宮(gong)(gong),萬歷(li)四十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(1616年(nian)(nian))又(you)更名(ming)為永壽宮(gong)(gong)。清朝順(shun)治十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1655年(nian)(nian))、康熙三(san)十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(1697年(nian)(nian))、光緒(xu)二(er)十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(1897年(nian)(nian))都曾重(zhong)修或大修,但(dan)仍基本保持(chi)明(ming)初始(shi)建時的格局。
永(yong)(yong)壽宮(gong)為(wei)兩進院,前院正殿(dian)永(yong)(yong)壽宮(gong)面(mian)闊(kuo)5間,黃琉璃瓦歇(xie)山頂。外(wai)檐裝修,明(ming)間前后檐安(an)雙交(jiao)四椀(wan)菱(ling)(ling)花(hua)槅扇門,次間、梢間為(wei)檻墻,上安(an)雙交(jiao)四椀(wan)菱(ling)(ling)花(hua)槅扇窗。殿(dian)內高懸乾(qian)(qian)隆御筆匾額“令德淑儀”,東(dong)壁懸乾(qian)(qian)隆《圣(sheng)制班(ban)姬(ji)辭(ci)輦(nian)贊》,西(xi)壁懸《班(ban)姬(ji)辭(ci)輦(nian)圖》。乾(qian)(qian)隆六年(1741年),乾(qian)(qian)隆皇帝下令,內廷(ting)東(dong)西(xi)十(shi)一(yi)宮(gong)的匾額“俱(ju)照永(yong)(yong)壽宮(gong)式樣制造”,自掛起之后,不許擅動或更(geng)換(huan)。
正殿(dian)(dian)有東(dong)西(xi)配殿(dian)(dian)各3間(jian)。后院正殿(dian)(dian)5間(jian),東(dong)西(xi)有耳房(fang),殿(dian)(dian)前東(dong)西(xi)亦有配殿(dian)(dian)各3間(jian)。院落(luo)東(dong)南有井亭1座。
永(yong)(yong)壽(shou)宮為(wei)明代(dai)妃(fei)(fei)嬪、清(qing)代(dai)后(hou)(hou)妃(fei)(fei)所(suo)居(ju)(ju)之處。明萬歷(li)十(shi)八年(nian)(1590年(nian)),皇(huang)帝(di)曾在(zai)此召見大學士(shi)申時(shi)行等人(ren);崇禎十(shi)一年(nian)(1638年(nian)),因(yin)國內災情(qing)異象屢屢出現,皇(huang)帝(di)在(zai)此宮齋居(ju)(ju)。清(qing)代(dai)順治帝(di)恪妃(fei)(fei),嘉慶帝(di)如妃(fei)(fei)曾在(zai)此居(ju)(ju)住。雍(yong)正十(shi)三年(nian)(1735年(nian)),雍(yong)正皇(huang)帝(di)崩(beng),孝圣憲皇(huang)太后(hou)(hou)居(ju)(ju)永(yong)(yong)壽(shou)宮,乾隆(long)皇(huang)帝(di)居(ju)(ju)乾清(qing)宮南(nan)廊苫次,并詣永(yong)(yong)壽(shou)宮問安(an)。
乾(qian)隆三十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(1772年(nian)(nian))和碩和恪公主下嫁、乾(qian)隆五十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(1789年(nian)(nian))固倫和孝公主下嫁和珅之子(zi),均設宴(yan)于(yu)永(yong)壽(shou)宮(gong)。道光(guang)中晚期,外侮內(nei)患日盛,而朝廷(ting)內(nei)部(bu)一(yi)味諱飾(shi),將各疆吏(li)密奏匿于(yu)永(yong)壽(shou)宮(gong)。光(guang)緒以后,此宮(gong)前后殿均設為大(da)庫,收貯御(yu)用(yong)物件(jian)。現辟為故宮(gong)博物院文物陳(chen)列(lie)室。
翊(yi)(yi)坤宮(gong),內廷西六宮(gong)之(zhi)一,明(ming)清(qing)時為妃嬪居所。建(jian)于(yu)明(ming)永樂十(shi)八年(nian)(1420年(nian)),始稱(cheng)萬安宮(gong),嘉靖十(shi)四年(nian)(1535年(nian))改(gai)為翊(yi)(yi)坤宮(gong)。清(qing)代曾(ceng)多次修繕,原(yuan)為二(er)進(jin)院(yuan),清(qing)晚期將(jiang)翊(yi)(yi)坤宮(gong)后殿改(gai)成(cheng)穿堂殿曰(yue)體(ti)和殿,東西耳房各改(gai)一間為通道,使翊(yi)(yi)坤宮(gong)與儲秀宮(gong)相連(lian),形成(cheng)四進(jin)院(yuan)的格局。
正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)面闊5間(jian)(jian),黃琉璃瓦歇山頂,前(qian)后(hou)出廊。檐下(xia)(xia)施斗拱(gong),梁枋飾以蘇式彩(cai)畫(hua)。門(men)為萬(wan)字錦(jin)底、五蝠捧壽(shou)裙板(ban)隔扇門(men),窗(chuang)為步(bu)步(bu)錦(jin)支摘窗(chuang),飾萬(wan)字團壽(shou)紋。明間(jian)(jian)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中設地平寶座(zuo)、屏(ping)風、香幾、宮扇,上懸慈禧(xi)御筆“有容德(de)大(da)”匾。東側用(yong)花梨(li)木(mu)透(tou)雕喜(xi)鵲登梅落地罩(zhao),西側用(yong)花梨(li)木(mu)透(tou)雕藤蘿松纏枝落地罩(zhao),將正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)間(jian)(jian)與東、西次間(jian)(jian)隔開(kai),東西次間(jian)(jian)與梢(shao)間(jian)(jian)用(yong)隔扇相隔。殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)設“光明盛昌”屏(ping)門(men),臺(tai)基下(xia)(xia)陳設銅(tong)鳳(feng)、銅(tong)鶴(he)、銅(tong)爐(lu)各一對。溥儀遜帝時曾在正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)廊下(xia)(xia)安設秋千(qian),現(xian)秋千(qian)已(yi)拆,秋千(qian)架(jia)尚在。東西有配殿(dian)(dian)曰延(yan)洪殿(dian)(dian)、元(yuan)和殿(dian)(dian),均為3間(jian)(jian)黃琉璃瓦硬山頂建(jian)筑。
后殿體(ti)和殿,清晚期連通儲(chu)秀宮(gong)與翊(yi)坤宮(gong)時,將其改為穿堂殿。面闊5間(jian),前后開門(men),后檐出廊,黃琉璃瓦硬山頂。亦有東(dong)西配殿,前東(dong)南有井亭1座。光緒(xu)十年慈(ci)禧五(wu)十壽辰(chen)時移居儲(chu)秀宮(gong),曾在此接受朝賀。光緒(xu)帝選妃也在此舉行。
現為宮廷生活(huo)原狀陳列。
儲(chu)秀宮,內廷西六(liu)宮之(zhi)一(yi),明清時為妃嬪(pin)所(suo)居。始建于明永樂(le)十八年(nian)(nian)(1420年(nian)(nian)),原名壽昌(chang)宮,嘉靖十四年(nian)(nian)(1535年(nian)(nian))改(gai)曰儲(chu)秀宮。清代曾多次修葺,光(guang)緒(xu)十年(nian)(nian)(1884年(nian)(nian))為慶祝慈(ci)禧五十壽辰(chen),耗費白銀63萬兩進行大規模整(zheng)修,現存建筑為光(guang)緒(xu)十年(nian)(nian)重修后的(de)形制。
儲(chu)秀宮(gong)原為二進院,清晚(wan)期拆除了儲(chu)秀門及(ji)圍墻(qiang),并(bing)將翊(yi)坤宮(gong)后殿改為穿堂殿,稱體(ti)和(he)殿,連通(tong)儲(chu)秀宮(gong)與翊(yi)坤宮(gong),形成(cheng)相(xiang)通(tong)的(de)四(si)進院落。儲(chu)秀宮(gong)前廊(lang)與東西配(pei)殿前廊(lang)及(ji)體(ti)和(he)殿后檐廊(lang)轉角相(xiang)連,構(gou)成(cheng)回廊(lang)。回廊(lang)墻(qiang)壁上鑲(xiang)貼(tie)的(de)琉璃(li)燒制的(de)萬(wan)壽無疆(jiang)賦是(shi)眾臣為祝慈禧壽辰所撰。
儲秀宮為單檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂,面闊5間,前出廊。檐(yan)下施(shi)斗栱(gong),梁枋飾(shi)以(yi)(yi)淡雅(ya)的蘇式彩畫。門為楠木(mu)雕(diao)萬(wan)字(zi)(zi)錦(jin)底、五(wu)蝠捧壽(shou)(shou)、萬(wan)福萬(wan)壽(shou)(shou)裙(qun)板(ban)隔扇門;窗(chuang)飾(shi)萬(wan)字(zi)(zi)團壽(shou)(shou)紋步(bu)步(bu)錦(jin)支摘(zhai)窗(chuang)。內檐(yan)裝修精(jing)巧華(hua)麗。明(ming)間正中設地(di)(di)屏寶(bao)座,后置5扇紫檀嵌壽(shou)(shou)字(zi)(zi)鏡(jing)心屏風,上(shang)懸“大圓寶(bao)鏡(jing)”匾。東(dong)側(ce)有花(hua)(hua)梨木(mu)雕(diao)竹紋裙(qun)板(ban)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃隔扇,西側(ce)有花(hua)(hua)梨木(mu)雕(diao)玉蘭紋裙(qun)板(ban)玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃隔扇,分別將東(dong)西次(ci)間與(yu)明(ming)間隔開。東(dong)次(ci)、梢間以(yi)(yi)花(hua)(hua)梨木(mu)透雕(diao)纏枝(zhi)葡萄紋落地(di)(di)罩相(xiang)隔;西次(ci)、梢間以(yi)(yi)一道(dao)花(hua)(hua)梨木(mu)雕(diao)萬(wan)福萬(wan)壽(shou)(shou)紋為邊框內鑲大玻(bo)(bo)(bo)璃的隔扇相(xiang)隔,內設避風隔,西梢間作(zuo)為暖閣,是居住的寢室。
儲(chu)秀(xiu)宮的庭院寬敞幽靜,兩(liang)棵(ke)蒼勁(jing)的古柏聳立(li)其中,殿(dian)(dian)臺基下東西兩(liang)側安置一(yi)對(dui)戲珠銅(tong)龍和一(yi)對(dui)銅(tong)梅(mei)花鹿(lu),為光緒十年慈禧五十大壽(shou)時所鑄。東西配殿(dian)(dian)為養(yang)和殿(dian)(dian)、綏福殿(dian)(dian),均為面闊(kuo)3間的硬(ying)山頂建(jian)筑。
后(hou)(hou)殿(dian)(dian)為麗(li)景(jing)軒(xuan),面闊5間,單檐硬山頂,有東西配殿(dian)(dian)曰鳳(feng)光室(shi)、猗(yi)蘭館。慈禧入宮(gong)后(hou)(hou)曾居(ju)(ju)住儲秀宮(gong)后(hou)(hou)殿(dian)(dian),并在(zai)此生下同治(zhi)皇(huang)帝。光緒十年慈禧五十大(da)壽時又移居(ju)(ju)儲秀宮(gong),并將后(hou)(hou)殿(dian)(dian)定名為麗(li)景(jing)軒(xuan)。
現為宮(gong)廷生活原狀陳列。
咸福宮(gong),內廷西六宮(gong)之一。建于明永(yong)樂十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1420年(nian)(nian)),初名(ming)壽安(an)宮(gong)。嘉靖(jing)十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(1535年(nian)(nian))更名(ming)為(wei)咸福宮(gong)。清康(kang)熙二(er)十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1683年(nian)(nian))重修,光(guang)緒(xu)二(er)十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(1897年(nian)(nian))又加(jia)修整。
咸福(fu)宮(gong)為兩進院(yuan),正(zheng)門(men)(men)咸福(fu)門(men)(men)為琉璃門(men)(men),內(nei)有4扇(shan)木屏(ping)門(men)(men)影壁(bi)(bi)。前院(yuan)正(zheng)殿(dian)額曰“咸福(fu)宮(gong)”,面闊3間,黃琉璃瓦廡殿(dian)頂(ding),形(xing)制高于(yu)西六宮(gong)中其(qi)(qi)它五宮(gong),與(yu)東六宮(gong)相對稱位置的景陽宮(gong)形(xing)制相同。前檐明間安(an)槅扇(shan)門(men)(men),其(qi)(qi)余(yu)為槅扇(shan)檻(jian)窗,室(shi)內(nei)井口天(tian)花。后檐僅明間安(an)槅扇(shan)門(men)(men),其(qi)(qi)余(yu)為檐墻(qiang)。殿(dian)內(nei)東壁(bi)(bi)懸(xuan)乾隆皇帝《圣制婕(jie)妤(yu)當(dang)(dang)熊贊》,西壁(bi)(bi)懸(xuan)《婕(jie)妤(yu)當(dang)(dang)熊圖(tu)》。山墻(qiang)兩側(ce)有卡墻(qiang),設隨墻(qiang)小(xiao)門(men)(men)以通后院(yuan)。殿(dian)前有東西配殿(dian)各3間,硬(ying)山頂(ding),各有耳房(fang)。
后(hou)院正殿(dian)名“同道(dao)(dao)堂(tang)”,面闊(kuo)5間(jian),硬山頂(ding),東西各有耳房3間(jian)。前(qian)檐(yan)明(ming)間(jian)安(an)槅扇門,設簾(lian)架,余間(jian)為支摘窗;后(hou)檐(yan)墻不開窗。室(shi)內(nei)設落地罩隔斷,頂(ding)棚為海墁(man)天(tian)花(hua)。殿(dian)內(nei)東室(shi)匾額(e)為“琴(qin)德(de)簃”,曾(ceng)藏(zang)(zang)古(gu)琴(qin);西室(shi)“畫(hua)禪室(shi)”,所貯王維《雪溪圖》、米之暉《瀟(xiao)湘(xiang)白(bai)云圖》等(deng)畫(hua)卷都是(shi)董其昌畫(hua)禪室(shi)舊藏(zang)(zang),室(shi)因此而得名。同道(dao)(dao)堂(tang)亦有東西配殿(dian),堂(tang)前(qian)東南有井亭1座。
咸(xian)(xian)福宮(gong)為后妃(fei)所(suo)居,前(qian)殿為行禮(li)升座之處(chu),后殿為寢宮(gong),乾隆年(nian)間改(gai)為皇(huang)帝(di)偶(ou)爾起居之處(chu)。嘉(jia)慶四年(nian)(1799年(nian))正(zheng)月,乾隆皇(huang)帝(di)崩(beng),嘉(jia)慶帝(di)住(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)咸(xian)(xian)福宮(gong)守(shou)(shou)孝(xiao),下令(ling)不設床,僅鋪白(bai)氈(zhan)、燈草褥,以此宮(gong)為苫次,同年(nian)十月才移居養心(xin)殿。此后咸(xian)(xian)福宮(gong)一度恢復為妃(fei)嬪居所(suo),道(dao)光(guang)帝(di)琳(lin)貴人(莊順(shun)皇(huang)貴妃(fei))、成(cheng)貴妃(fei)、彤貴妃(fei)、常妃(fei)等都曾在此居住(zhu)(zhu)。道(dao)光(guang)三十年(nian)(1850年(nian)),咸(xian)(xian)豐(feng)皇(huang)帝(di)住(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)咸(xian)(xian)福宮(gong)為道(dao)光(guang)皇(huang)帝(di)守(shou)(shou)孝(xiao),守(shou)(shou)孝(xiao)期滿后仍(reng)經常在此居住(zhu)(zhu)。
長(chang)春(chun)宮,內廷西六宮之一,明(ming)永(yong)樂十(shi)八年(nian)(1420年(nian))建成,初名長(chang)春(chun)宮,嘉靖十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(1535年(nian))改稱永(yong)寧宮,萬歷四(si)十(shi)三年(nian)(1615年(nian))復(fu)稱長(chang)春(chun)宮。清康熙二(er)十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(1683年(nian))重修,后又(you)多次修整(zheng)。咸(xian)豐九年(nian)(1859年(nian))拆除(chu)長(chang)春(chun)宮的宮門(men)(men)長(chang)春(chun)門(men)(men),并將啟祥(xiang)宮后殿(dian)(dian)改為穿堂(tang)殿(dian)(dian),咸(xian)豐帝題額(e)曰“體元殿(dian)(dian)”。長(chang)春(chun)宮、啟祥(xiang)宮兩宮院由此連通。
長春宮(gong)面闊5間(jian),黃(huang)琉璃瓦歇(xie)山(shan)式頂(ding),前(qian)(qian)(qian)出廊(lang),明間(jian)開門,隔扇風門,竹紋裙板,次、梢間(jian)均為檻窗(chuang),步步錦(jin)支窗(chuang)。明間(jian)設地(di)屏寶座,上懸“敬修內(nei)則”匾。左(zuo)右有(you)(you)簾帳(zhang)與(yu)次間(jian)相隔,梢間(jian)靠北設落(luo)地(di)罩炕,為寢室。殿(dian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)左(zuo)右設銅(tong)龜、銅(tong)鶴各(ge)1對(dui)。東(dong)配殿(dian)曰綏壽(shou)殿(dian),西(xi)配殿(dian)曰承禧殿(dian),各(ge)3間(jian),前(qian)(qian)(qian)出廊(lang),與(yu)轉角(jiao)廊(lang)相連,可通各(ge)殿(dian)。廊(lang)內(nei)壁(bi)(bi)上繪有(you)(you)18幅以《紅樓夢》為題材(cai)的巨幅壁(bi)(bi)畫,屬(shu)清晚期(qi)作品。長春宮(gong)南(nan)面,即體元殿(dian)的后抱廈,為長春宮(gong)院內(nei)的戲臺。東(dong)北角(jiao)和西(xi)北角(jiao)各(ge)有(you)(you)屏門一道(dao),與(yu)后殿(dian)相通。
后殿曰(yue)(yue)怡情書(shu)史,與長(chang)春宮同期建成,面闊5間,東(dong)西(xi)各有(you)耳(er)房3間。東(dong)配殿曰(yue)(yue)益壽齋,西(xi)配殿曰(yue)(yue)樂志軒,各3間。后院東(dong)南有(you)井亭1座。
此(ci)宮(gong)明代(dai)為(wei)(wei)妃嬪所(suo)居,天啟年間李成妃曾(ceng)居此(ci)宮(gong)。清代(dai)為(wei)(wei)后(hou)妃所(suo)居,乾(qian)隆皇帝的孝賢皇后(hou)曾(ceng)居住長春宮(gong),死后(hou)在此(ci)停放靈(ling)棺。同治年至光(guang)緒十年(1884年),慈禧太后(hou)一(yi)直(zhi)在此(ci)宮(gong)居住。
啟(qi)祥宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(太極殿),內廷(ting)西(xi)六宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)一(yi),建(jian)于明永(yong)樂十八年(nian)(1420年(nian))。原名未央(yang)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),因(yin)嘉(jia)靖皇帝的生(sheng)父興獻(xian)王(wang)朱祐杬(yuan)生(sheng)于此(ci),故(gu)于嘉(jia)靖十四年(nian)(1535年(nian))更名啟(qi)祥宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),清(qing)代晚期改稱(cheng)太極殿。清(qing)代曾多次(ci)修葺。
太(tai)極(ji)殿(dian)原為二進(jin)院(yuan),清后(hou)(hou)期(qi)改修長(chang)春(chun)宮時,將太(tai)極(ji)殿(dian)后(hou)(hou)殿(dian)辟(pi)為穿堂殿(dian),后(hou)(hou)檐接(jie)(jie)出抱廈(sha),并與長(chang)春(chun)宮及(ji)其東(dong)西配殿(dian)以(yi)轉角游廊相連,形成回廊,東(dong)西耳房各開一間為通道,使太(tai)極(ji)殿(dian)與長(chang)春(chun)宮連接(jie)(jie)成相互貫(guan)通的四進(jin)院(yuan)。
太極殿面闊5間(jian),黃(huang)琉璃(li)(li)瓦歇山頂,前(qian)后出廊。外檐繪蘇式彩畫,門窗飾萬字(zi)錦(jin)(jin)底團壽(shou)紋(wen),步步錦(jin)(jin)支(zhi)摘窗。室內飾石膏堆塑五(wu)福捧壽(shou)紋(wen)天花,系清末民初時所改。明間(jian)與東(dong)西次間(jian)分別(bie)以花梨木(mu)透(tou)雕萬字(zi)錦(jin)(jin)地(di)(di)花卉欄桿罩與球(qiu)紋(wen)錦(jin)(jin)地(di)(di)鳳鳥(niao)落地(di)(di)罩相隔,正(zheng)中設地(di)(di)屏寶座(zuo)。殿前(qian)有高(gao)大的祥鳳萬壽(shou)紋(wen)琉璃(li)(li)屏門,與東(dong)西配殿組成一個(ge)寬敞的庭院。
后(hou)(hou)殿為體(ti)元(yuan)殿,黃琉(liu)璃(li)瓦硬(ying)山(shan)頂,面(mian)闊5間,前后(hou)(hou)明間開門(men)。后(hou)(hou)檐接(jie)抱廈3間,為長春宮戲臺。清光緒十年(1884年),為慶慈禧五十壽(shou)辰,曾(ceng)(ceng)在此演戲達半月之久。明萬歷(li)年間,乾清、坤寧兩(liang)宮火災,神宗朱翊鈞曾(ceng)(ceng)暫(zan)居啟祥宮。遜帝(di)溥儀(yi)出(chu)宮前,同治帝(di)瑜太妃曾(ceng)(ceng)居太極殿。
弘治(zhi)時期:孝穆(mu)紀太后居(ju)永壽宮(gong)。
萬歷時期:神(shen)宗朱翊(yi)鈞(jun)曾暫居啟祥(xiang)宮、李(li)敬妃居咸福宮、淑(shu)嬪(即鄭(zheng)貴妃)居翊(yi)坤宮。
崇禎(zhen)時期:袁貴妃居翊坤(kun)宮。
順治時期:靜(jing)妃居永壽宮。
康熙時期:宜(yi)妃(fei)居(ju)翊坤宮。良(liang)妃(fei)居(ju)永壽宮。
雍正時期(qi):孝圣憲皇(huang)后居(ju)景仁宮、敦(dun)肅皇(huang)貴妃(fei)(即年貴妃(fei))居(ju)翊坤宮。
乾隆時期(qi):乾隆偶(ou)爾在咸福宮(gong)居住(zhu),惇妃居翊坤(kun)宮(gong)。
嘉慶(qing)(qing)時期:嘉慶(qing)(qing)住(zhu)咸(xian)福宮守孝(xiao),安嬪(pin)居翊坤宮,恭順皇(huang)貴妃(fei)(即如妃(fei))居永壽宮。
道光(guang)時期(qi):琳貴人(莊順皇貴妃(fei))、成貴妃(fei)、彤貴妃(fei)、常妃(fei)居(ju)咸福(fu)(fu)宮(gong)。咸豐居(ju)咸福(fu)(fu)宮(gong)為道光(guang)守(shou)孝,守(shou)孝期(qi)滿后仍經常在此居(ju)住。
咸豐時期:懿貴妃(即慈禧(xi)太后)居(ju)(ju)儲秀宮麗景(jing)軒,麗貴人(ren)居(ju)(ju)儲秀宮。
同治時期:慈安(an)太后、慈禧太后居長春宮。
光緒時(shi)期:瑾妃(fei)居(ju)永和宮,珍妃(fei)居(ju)景仁宮。
宣統時期(qi):孝定景皇后(即(ji)隆(long)裕(yu)太(tai)后)居(ju)長春宮(gong),孝恪愍皇后(即(ji)婉容)居(ju)儲秀宮(gong)。瑜(yu)妃(fei)(瑜(yu)太(tai)妃(fei))居(ju)太(tai)極殿。