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巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是西(xi)漢(han)初年從西(xi)南地區(qu)賨(cong)(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)（板盾蠻）那里傳(chuan)來的舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)。漢(han)高祖劉(liu)邦(bang)在平定三秦時(shi)(shi)，招募了(le)一批賨(cong)(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)作前(qian)鋒(feng)，賨(cong)(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)勇猛善戰(zhan)，其風俗(su)又善舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，劉(liu)邦(bang)便命樂(le)(le)工學習和改編了(le)他們(men)的舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)，因為(wei)(wei)賨(cong)(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)活于巴(ba)(ba)(ba)郡渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水一帶，所以就稱此種舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu).巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)傳(chuan)入(ru)宮(gong)廷后，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)宮(gong)廷舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)，用(yong)來在宮(gong)廷宴會(hui)上(shang)表演軍旅(lv)戰(zhan)斗的場(chang)面，歌頌帝王功德，是漢(han)代著名雜舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。表演時(shi)(shi)，舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者自披盔甲，手持(chi)矛(mao)、弩箭，口唱賨(cong)(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)古老戰(zhan)歌，樂(le)(le)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)交作，邊歌邊舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者有(you)36人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，是群(qun)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。由于這種舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)是武樂(le)(le)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)，漢(han)哀帝罷(ba)樂(le)(le)府后，對(dui)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鼓員36人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)仍(reng)認為(wei)(wei)不(bu)可罷(ba)，交由大樂(le)(le)領屬，將它列入(ru)雅樂(le)(le)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)的系統。其伴奏樂(le)(le)器以銅(tong)鼓為(wei)(wei)主，配合擊磬、搖鼗、撫琴，舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)曲(qu)有(you)《矛(mao)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)歌曲(qu)》、《安弩渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)歌曲(qu)》、《安臺本(ben)(ben)(ben)歌曲(qu)》、《行辭本(ben)(ben)(ben)歌曲(qu)》等(deng)4篇。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)發展到魏晉，已(yi)完(wan)全變成(cheng)廟(miao)堂祭(ji)祀性質的舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)。巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)在我國古代舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)(dao)(dao)藝術中占有(you)較(jiao)重要的地位。
巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)：是中國古代最有影響(xiang)的(de)戰(zhan)前舞(wu)，即(ji)武舞(wu)。今和重慶北部四川東北部嘉陵江支流(liu)渝(yu)水（今重慶嘉陵江）一帶居住過一種少數(shu)民族人（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)人的(de)一支），或稱(cheng)板木盾(dun)蠻，又稱(cheng)獠人，創造了一種具有民族特色的(de)舞(wu)蹈，它(ta)發源于(yu)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)郡渝(yu)水流(liu)域，故名為巴(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)。”
巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)中(zhong)國古(gu)代最有(you)影響(xiang)的(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)前舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，即武(wu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。《左傳》載3000年前“周武(wu)王(wang)(wang)伐(fa)紂，巴(ba)師勇銳，歌(ge)(ge)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)凌殷(yin)人(ren)。故曰：武(wu)王(wang)(wang)伐(fa)紂前戈后(hou)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。”這(zhe)里對“巴(ba)師歌(ge)(ge)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”并(bing)未命名(ming)(ming)，直到秦漢(han)相爭時漢(han)王(wang)(wang)朝再次將此(ci)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)用于(yu)戰(zhan)(zhan)斗之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，在沖鋒陷陣(zhen)時“銳氣喜舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，武(wu)帝(di)善之(zhi)(zhi)曰‘此(ci)武(wu)王(wang)(wang)伐(fa)紂之(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)，乃令樂(le)人(ren)習(xi)學之(zhi)(zhi)，今所謂巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)。’”這(zhe)是(shi)“巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)在史書上正式提出(chu)。漢(han)高祖(zu)為(wei)什么把(ba)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)戰(zhan)(zhan)前舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)“巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”？有(you)關巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)源眾(zhong)說紛(fen)紜。董其祥教授在《巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)源流考》中(zhong)，把(ba)“巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”之(zhi)(zhi)源結(jie)論(lun)為(wei)：“重慶北部四川東北部嘉(jia)陵(ling)江支流渝(yu)(yu)水(shui)（今名(ming)(ming)流江）一帶居住過一種(zhong)(zhong)少數民族(zu)(zu)人(ren)（巴(ba)人(ren)的(de)一支），或(huo)稱(cheng)板木盾蠻，又稱(cheng)獠人(ren)，創(chuang)造了(le)一種(zhong)(zhong)具有(you)民族(zu)(zu)特色的(de)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蹈，它(ta)發源于(yu)巴(ba)郡渝(yu)(yu)水(shui)流域，故名(ming)(ming)為(wei)巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。”另有(you)胡宏基(ji)先生《解(jie)讀(du)巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》認定“閬中(zhong)市保寧鎮為(wei)巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)鄉。”晉人(ren)郭(guo)注釋“巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)”一辭說：“巴(ba)西閬中(zhong)有(you)渝(yu)(yu)水(shui)，獠人(ren)居其上，皆剛(gang)勇好舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，漢(han)高祖(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)平(ping)三(san)秦，后(hou)使樂(le)府習(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)因名(ming)(ming)巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)。”
“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)，既(ji)不是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)郡(jun)、巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi)(xi)(xi)郡(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)”和(he)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”為(wei)其(qi)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)，也(ye)不是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)族(zu)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)其(qi)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)。若(ruo)以(yi)(yi)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)左右聚(ju)居(ju)人(ren)為(wei)其(qi)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)應命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)“渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”也(ye)。《中(zhong)(zhong)國文化百科》在(zai)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)》辭(ci)條(tiao)中(zhong)(zhong)認定“由于(yu)人(ren)居(ju)住(zhu)在(zai)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)區，所以(yi)(yi)叫(jiao)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”。那(nei)(nei)么秦漢(han)時(shi)的“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)區”又在(zai)何處？據考：古(gu)(gu)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)應是(shi)(shi)東(dong)漢(han)時(shi)漢(han)昌(chang)縣(xian)轄地(di)，前屬梁州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)（治今(jin)陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭回(hui)軍壩天池梁），后(hou)屬益州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi)(xi)(xi)郡(jun)（治今(jin)閬(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)）直至(zhi)民(min)(min)國時(shi)期(qi)，即(ji)今(jin)四(si)川(chuan)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)市(shi)所轄的巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)區、南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、平(ping)昌(chang)的巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)域。“在(zai)四(si)川(chuan)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)部有(you)(you)東(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)兩源(yuan)(yuan)，出(chu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭、鎮巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)境(jing)內米(mi)倉山(shan)，南(nan)(nan)(nan)流(liu)(liu)至(zhi)通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)縣(xian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)會合，西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)流(liu)(liu)至(zhi)平(ping)昌(chang)注入(ru)渠江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)”（《水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)經注》）。《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)志(zhi)(zhi)·巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系源(yuan)(yuan)流(liu)(liu)圖》考：“州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)有(you)(you)三(san)(san)派(pai)，其(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)蟒(mang)潭河入(ru)者(zhe)(zhe)北(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，即(ji)古(gu)(gu)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)（今(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)河，發源(yuan)(yuan)陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭，經米(mi)倉山(shan)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)入(ru)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)）；……自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)通巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)河入(ru)者(zhe)(zhe)，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)（今(jin)通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河，發源(yuan)(yuan)于(yu)陜(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄭、鎮巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)）。三(san)(san)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)會于(yu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)口鎮（今(jin)平(ping)昌(chang)縣(xian)城）合而為(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，眾(zhong)流(liu)(liu)皆附之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)達于(yu)渠河（古(gu)(gu)潛水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)）”《漢(han)志(zhi)(zhi)》云“……而巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)、渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)二水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)古(gu)(gu)并稱(cheng)，地(di)必相近（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)二水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)實為(wei)一山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隔(ge)）……”《三(san)(san)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)記》云：“閬(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)在(zai)漢(han)時(shi)屬閬(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)境(jing)內，此水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)民(min)(min)所居(ju)，故稱(cheng)‘巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)’、‘巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)’也(ye)”，這是(shi)(shi)史書上(shang)首次(ci)提(ti)及“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)。化成縣(xian)（治今(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)區）北(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一名(ming)(ming)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)嶺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，一名(ming)(ming)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)川(chuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，一名(ming)(ming)宕(dang)渠水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)集州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)（今(jin)南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)）難江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)（今(jin)南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河）界流(liu)(liu)入(ru)北(bei)(bei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，即(ji)今(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)。從前未有(you)(you)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)《九域志(zhi)(zhi)》始言化成縣(xian)有(you)(you)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)后(hou)，遂與南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)派(pai)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)嶺者(zhe)(zhe)當之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)實則古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)志(zhi)(zhi)）。“渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，古(gu)(gu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)名(ming)(ming)，一名(ming)(ming)宕(dang)渠水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，即(ji)今(jin)四(si)川(chuan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)及其(qi)下游渠江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，古(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)族(zu)聚(ju)居(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)濱善歌舞(wu)(wu)，漢(han)‘巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)’即(ji)出(chu)于(yu)此……”（《辭(ci)海》地(di)理分冊）。從以(yi)(yi)上(shang)分析所知(zhi)，“閬(lang)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，人(ren)多(duo)居(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)左右……”是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)在(zai)秦漢(han)時(shi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi)(xi)(xi)郡(jun)所轄漢(han)昌(chang)縣(xian)的渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)《巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)民(min)(min)國志(zhi)(zhi)》。明楊瞻《四(si)忠祠記》“正(zheng)(zheng)德辛未（正(zheng)(zheng)德六年，1512年）以(yi)(yi)來，鄢(yan)藍（鄢(yan)本(ben)恕、藍延瑞(rui)）倡亂、旗幟千里(li)，三(san)(san)省煸動，巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)死亡(wang)過半矣。”這里(li)所指(zhi)“巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)”，即(ji)今(jin)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)市(shi)（巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)區、南(nan)(nan)(nan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、通江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、平(ping)昌(chang)）、達州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)及南(nan)(nan)(nan)充市(shi)轄區和(he)劍閣、梓(zi)潼等(deng)川(chuan)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)地(di)區之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)。這里(li)再(zai)次(ci)提(ti)到巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)區，以(yi)(yi)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)域之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)巴(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)，那(nei)(nei)是(shi)(shi)順其(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然，俗以(yi)(yi)為(wei)常。
一曰矛渝(yu)，二(er)曰安弩(nu)，三曰安臺，四曰行辭(ci)。巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)的(de)基本形(xing)式是“執(zhi)(zhi)仗(zhang)而舞(wu)”。“仗(zhang)”，兵(bing)器，“執(zhi)(zhi)仗(zhang)”即執(zhi)(zhi)干(gan)戈；伴奏則是擊鼓(gu)(gu)。班固《漢(han)書》載：“巴(ba)渝(yu)鼓(gu)(gu)員(yuan)，三十六(liu)人(ren)”。他講的(de)是宮廷(ting)燕樂的(de)巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)，征(zheng)伐戰場(chang)上的(de)巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)，有(you)多少(shao)人(ren)戰斗,就(jiu)(jiu)有(you)多少(shao)人(ren)歌舞(wu)：在陣(zhen)前拼殺者，執(zhi)(zhi)看(kan)挺(ting)戈，大聲呼呵，后面(mian)伴奏者，則擊鼓(gu)(gu)頓足，以增威勢，這就(jiu)(jiu)是史書所為(wei)(wei)的(de)“前歌后舞(wu)”。司(si)馬(ma)相(xiang)如在《子虛賦》中這樣描繪巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)的(de)壯觀場(chang)面(mian)：“千人(ren)唱(chang)，萬(wan)人(ren)和，山陵為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)震動，山谷為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)蕩波。”為(wei)(wei)了(le)“耀武觀兵(bing)”，朝廷(ting)接待“四夷使者”，便常常表演(yan)巴(ba)渝(yu)舞(wu)。
巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)是(shi)閬中渝(yu)(yu)水土著巴(ba)(ba)族(zu)賨(cong)人(ren)所創造的(de)(de)民(min)間舞(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)。賨(cong)人(ren)天(tian)性勁(jing)勇(yong)，俗喜(xi)歌舞(wu)(wu)。漢(han)高祖(zu)劉(liu)邦伐三秦建大漢(han)時，被募(mu)為(wei)漢(han)軍(jun)前鋒。他們那種“巴(ba)(ba)師勇(yong)銳，歌舞(wu)(wu)以凌”的(de)(de)氣勢和(he)戰(zhan)斗力，贏得了漢(han)高祖(zu)的(de)(de)喜(xi)愛，并將宗人(ren)的(de)(de)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)武舞(wu)(wu)取名(ming)為(wei)“巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”，引進(jin)宮廷，歷(li)經(jing)魏(wei)、晉(jin)、南北朝，至唐(tang)代，雖曾數易(yi)其(qi)名(ming)，仍盛演(yan)不衰。唐(tang)以后，“巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”在宮庭中銷聲匿跡，名(ming)不見(jian)經(jing)傳了。但(dan)在民(min)間仍在世代承傳，歷(li)經(jing)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)，原始(shi)的(de)(de)武舞(wu)(wu)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)成祭祀性舞(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)和(he)慶(qing)典性舞(wu)(wu)蹈(dao)。留傳至今的(de)(de)“八仙鼓(gu)(gu)”（又名(ming)“巴(ba)(ba)象鼓(gu)(gu)”）即是(shi)歷(li)經(jing)演(yan)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)“巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)(wu)”的(de)(de)一種表現形式。“八仙鼓(gu)(gu)”為(wei)長柄(bing)雙(shuang)面(mian)(mian)獸(shou)皮(pi)鼓(gu)(gu)，鼓(gu)(gu)面(mian)(mian)繪(hui)有八仙或圖騰圖案(an)，直徑約30--40厘(li)(li)米，鼓(gu)(gu)柄(bing)約120厘(li)(li)米。八仙鼓(gu)(gu)舞(wu)(wu)多為(wei)10人(ren)以上的(de)(de)群舞(wu)(wu)，適宜廣場表演(yan)。表演(yan)時，沙(sha)鑼(luo)一道，鼓(gu)(gu)手(shou)隨(sui)后，一面(mian)(mian)擊鼓(gu)(gu)，一面(mian)(mian)吶喊，不斷變(bian)(bian)換隊形，浩(hao)浩(hao)蕩(dang)蕩(dang)，威武雄(xiong)壯。
1955年，閬(lang)中組隊參加(jia)(jia)四川省(sheng)第二屆(jie)民間音(yin)樂舞(wu)蹈會(hui)演(yan)獲(huo)獎。1991年，閬(lang)中市組織(zhi)300人的(de)“八仙(xian)鼓(gu)”表(biao)演(yan)隊伍，參加(jia)(jia)南充第二屆(jie)絲綢(chou)節開幕(mu)式表(biao)演(yan)，引起(qi)轟(hong)動，獲(huo)得獎勵。2001年市群眾藝術館蒲公英少兒藝術團演(yan)出(chu)的(de)以八仙(xian)鼓(gu)舞(wu)為素材的(de)創作舞(wu)蹈《巴(ba)鼓(gu)新韻》，參加(jia)(jia)四川省(sheng)舞(wu)蹈大賽，獲(huo)得編導(dao)和表(biao)演(yan)兩個(ge)一等獎。為了研(yan)究“巴(ba)渝舞(wu)”，1997年青(qing)海人民出(chu)版社(she)出(chu)版發行了由肖(xiao)善生(sheng)撰寫(xie)的(de)《巴(ba)渝舞(wu)初(chu)探(tan)》。
在三國演義32集--周(zhou)瑜(yu)(yu)空設計中，有一(yi)段(duan)周(zhou)瑜(yu)(yu)宴請劉備的戲，宴席中有一(yi)段(duan)舞蹈(dao)，就是《巴渝(yu)舞》。
周瑜瞞著諸葛(ge)(ge)亮打算在宴席中(zhong)摔杯為號殺死劉(liu)備。此時諸葛(ge)(ge)亮在江邊(bian)聽到(dao)樂舞(wu)聲中(zhong)透出一股(gu)殺氣(qi)，說：“這(zhe)是巴渝(yu)舞(wu)。”問魯肅“帳中(zhong)宴請(qing)何人？”，聽到(dao)宴請(qing)的是劉(liu)備后(hou)不禁(jin)大(da)驚失色驚呼：“我主危矣！”急忙(mang)跑(pao)去，當看到(dao)劉(liu)備身(shen)旁站(zhan)立的關羽時，松了口(kou)氣(qi)擦了擦汗(han)說道：“我主無險(xian)矣。”周瑜因(yin)忌(ji)憚關羽，計劃(hua)最終沒有得(de)逞。
“巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)”民間(jian)稱之為(wei)(wei)“渝(yu)(yu)兒(er)舞(wu)”。此名在唐太宗大歷(li)年間(jian)仍(reng)在漢(han)昌境地廣(guang)為(wei)(wei)流(liu)傳。梁(liang)州(zhou)刺史(shi)李(li)勉募(mu)中(zhong)任職的唐代詩(shi)人韓弘(hong)（河南沁(qin)陽縣人）在千(qian)山口所(suo)寫《送巴(ba)(ba)州(zhou)楊使君(jun)(jun)》詩(shi)中(zhong)留下“萬里歌(ge)鐘相(xiang)慶時，巴(ba)(ba)童(tong)聲(sheng)節渝(yu)(yu)兒(er)舞(wu)”之詩(shi)句（《巴(ba)(ba)州(zhou)志·藝(yi)文上》）。詩(shi)中(zhong)“萬里歌(ge)鐘”指遼闊的巴(ba)(ba)州(zhou)（古稱野(ye)巴(ba)(ba)州(zhou)）人民唱歌(ge)擊(ji)鑼鼓(gu)。“渝(yu)(yu)兒(er)舞(wu)”即“巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)”。詩(shi)意為(wei)(wei)楊使君(jun)(jun)到巴(ba)(ba)州(zhou)整(zheng)飭(chi)防務(wu)取得成(cheng)績后(hou)，巴(ba)(ba)州(zhou)人民定(ding)會載歌(ge)載舞(wu)為(wei)(wei)其慶賀(he)。說明“巴(ba)(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞(wu)”在唐代時仍(reng)在巴(ba)(ba)州(zhou)廣(guang)為(wei)(wei)流(liu)傳。
《薅草鑼鼓(gu)》是流傳(chuan)(chuan)于大巴(ba)山南麓巴(ba)中(zhong)市米(mi)倉山區(qu)的一種在薅包谷草時演唱的大型(xing)連套(tao)體山歌，所用(yong)鑼鼓(gu)伴奏源于“巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞”的伴奏樂器(qi)鑼和(he)(he)鼓(gu)，即古(gu)代(dai)的鼓(gu)和(he)(he)鉦(zheng)（一種長柄鐘(zhong)的軍樂）。此種民間文藝至今仍在“巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)地(di)區(qu)”流傳(chuan)(chuan)。《巴(ba)州志·風俗篇》有“春(chun)田插秧，選歌郎二人擊鼓(gu)鳴鉦(zheng)于隴(long)上，曼聲而歌，更唱迭(die)合(he)，麗(li)麗(li)可聽，使(shi)耕者忘(wang)其疲(pi)，以齊功力(li)”之記載，實(shi)為古(gu)代(dai)集體勞作時的“戰地(di)歌舞”。其目的與古(gu)戰舞“巴(ba)渝(yu)(yu)舞”實(shi)為一致。
巴渝(yu)舞(wu)是流傳在重慶北(bei)部(bu)和四川東北(bei)部(bu)土著人中(zhong)之原(yuan)始歌舞(wu)，按其命名來(lai)講，它(ta)的具體流傳出(chu)處應是東漢(han)時漢(han)昌縣巴渝(yu)地(di)區，即今巴中(zhong)市兩千年(nian)前的地(di)方歌舞(wu)。
