祺(qi)祥重寶(bao)(bao)是一枚古代錢幣，鑄于(yu)清穆宗初(chu)登(deng)基時(shi)(1861年)。時(shi)值載垣、肅(su)順八大臣奉詔輔政，即改元祺(qi)祥，并鑄祺(qi)祥通寶(bao)(bao)與祺(qi)祥重寶(bao)(bao)當十錢。
祺(qi)(qi)祥重寶(bao)錢徑約3．5厘米，重12．5克左(zuo)右。錢面(mian)文字(zi)“祺(qi)(qi)祥重寶(bao)”以(yi)楷書(shu)書(shu)寫，其文字(zi)從上而(er)(er)下而(er)(er)右而(er)(er)左(zuo)直讀。錢背穿(chuan)孔左(zuo)右為滿(man)文的(de)“寶(bao)泉”或“寶(bao)源”二局(ju)名(ming)稱。穿(chuan)孔上下是漢文的(de)記值"當十(shi)"二字(zi)。出(chu)于"祺(qi)(qi)祥重寶(bao)"鑄后不久，慈禧太后攝政(zheng)便(bian)改元“同(tong)治”，祺(qi)(qi)祥通寶(bao)也便(bian)不準通行，因而(er)(er)傳于今世甚少。祺(qi)(qi)祥通寶(bao)還(huan)鑄有(you)合(he)背，以(yi)及(ji)"祺(qi)(qi)祥"、"同(tong)治"異號(hao)合(he)背錢。
祺祥(xiang)是同治皇帝第一個年(nian)號(hao)，當時提(ti)出(chu)時即有大臣因(yin)“祺”“祥(xiang)”兩字(zi)意思相(xiang)近(jin)而(er)持反對(dui)意見，后因(yin)慈禧太后發動辛(xin)酉政變而(er)廢止(zhi)，僅存60天(tian)。所鑄多為樣幣，流(liu)通(tong)幣幾乎全(quan)部收回損毀殆盡。
清咸豐十(shi)一年七月二十(shi)六日(ri)鼓鑄，還未發行，十(shi)月五日(ri)即被勒令(ling)廢(fei)除，鑄幣回爐(lu)鑄為"同治"錢(qian)（1861年).與祺祥(xiang)通寶一起(qi)并稱為中國壽命最短(duan)的錢(qian)幣。
“祺(qi)(qi)(qi)祥”年號(hao)定(ding)于咸豐十(shi)一年七月二十(shi)六日，廢于同(tong)年十(shi)月五日，短(duan)短(duan)六十(shi)九(jiu)天，是我(wo)國歷(li)史上少(shao)有(you)(you)的短(duan)命年號(hao)。而祺(qi)(qi)(qi)祥錢也因此(ci)而鑄(zhu)行時間短(duan)促，尚未(wei)流通，就被廢行了，因而傳世甚(shen)少(shao)，極難(nan)見到。祺(qi)(qi)(qi)祥錢分(fen)“祺(qi)(qi)(qi)祥通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”和“祺(qi)(qi)(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”，僅有(you)(you)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)局(ju)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)源(yuan)局(ju)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)云局(ju)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)蘇(su)局(ju)有(you)(you)鑄(zhu)。“祺(qi)(qi)(qi)祥通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”徑約2.7厘(li)(li)米，重(zhong)(zhong)一錢二分(fen)，面文楷書，順讀(du)。“祺(qi)(qi)(qi)祥”重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)“徑約3.5厘(li)(li)米，重(zhong)(zhong)七錢四分(fen)，為當十(shi)錢，此(ci)錢做工較(jiao)精整(zheng)美觀，因存世較(jiao)少(shao)為收藏者重(zhong)(zhong)視。
同治(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)因鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)虧損等原因，鑄(zhu)行很不(bu)正常，時(shi)鑄(zhu)時(shi)停(ting)，現常見(jian)約有寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)(quan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)源(yuan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)蘇、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)浙、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)昌、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)川、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)桂、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)直(zhi)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)云(yun)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)東等局(ju)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，其余皆(jie)少見(jian)或僅見(jian)樣錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。同治(zhi)年間僅鑄(zhu)行了當十以(yi)下(xia)大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，開鑄(zhu)的(de)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)局(ju)有：寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)源(yuan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)(quan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)云(yun)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏和新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)阿克(ke)蘇等局(ju)，大(da)小輕重也(ye)不(bu)一，新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)局(ju)及寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏局(ju)曾鑄(zhu)有當五錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)伊局(ju)有當四錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。同治(zhi)時(shi)期本就鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)不(bu)多(duo)，民(min)間又普遍使(shi)用白(bai)銀，而且(qie)外(wai)國機制(zhi)銀元的(de)輸(shu)入頗多(duo)，且(qie)成色制(zhi)度均有保證，使(shi)用頗方便，故而銅錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)使(shi)用也(ye)就日見(jian)減少了。
寶(bao)源局(ju)祺(qi)祥(xiang)重寶(bao)當(dang)十銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)。直(zhi)徑3.48厘(li)米，重18.9克。面文“祺(qi)祥(xiang)重寶(bao)”；背(bei)面穿上(shang)下(xia)為(wei)漢文紀值“當(dang)十”二字(zi)，左右為(wei)滿文錢(qian)(qian)局(ju)“寶(bao)源”二字(zi)。
祺祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶(bao)與同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)寶(bao)的合背錢。直徑3.5厘米，重(zhong)16.6克。面(mian)文同(tong)(tong)樣(yang)為(wei)“祺祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶(bao)”；背文為(wei)“同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)寶(bao)”。“祺祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶(bao)”中(zhong)的“寶(bao)”字為(wei)“寶(bao)”；“同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)寶(bao)”中(zhong)的“寶(bao)”字為(wei)“寶(bao)”。
兩枚(mei)錢(qian)幣(bi)(bi)均闊緣無(wu)銹(xiu)，內郭穿口具有清(qing)(qing)代錢(qian)幣(bi)(bi)特征，面文和背文文字端莊(zhuang)嚴整，銅質細膩，色(se)澤金黃，鑄造精良，保(bao)存良好，令人(ren)百看(kan)不厭。根(gen)據《清(qing)(qing)史》記載，當為用上等的云南黃銅鑄造。
清代自順(shun)治登基(ji)（1644）始到宣統(tong)(tong)退位（1911）止(zhi)，一共經歷順(shun)治、康(kang)熙(xi)、雍正(zheng)、乾(qian)隆、嘉慶、道光、咸豐(feng)、同(tong)治、光緒、宣統(tong)(tong)10代，也就是說出(chu)了10位皇帝(di)。按清制每朝只鑄一個年(nian)(nian)(nian)號(hao)錢(qian)幣，本應10個，然而歷史上卻發(fa)行了11個年(nian)(nian)(nian)號(hao)的方孔制錢(qian)，這(zhe)(zhe)多出(chu)的一個便是“祺祥”年(nian)(nian)(nian)號(hao)錢(qian)。這(zhe)(zhe)就涉及“祺祥”年(nian)(nian)(nian)號(hao)錢(qian)誕生(sheng)和消亡(wang)的歷史背景——“祺祥政變(bian)”（因為發(fa)生(sheng)在辛酉年(nian)(nian)(nian)，又稱“辛酉政變(bian)”）。
咸豐十一年(nian)(nian)（1861）七月，咸豐帝(di)在熱河(he)避暑山莊病(bing)逝，以(yi)(yi)肅順(shun)(shun)為(wei)(wei)首的(de)(de)(de)八位(wei)大臣按遺詔，以(yi)(yi)顧(gu)命大臣身份主宰朝(chao)政(zheng)，擁輔(fu)年(nian)(nian)僅(jin)6歲的(de)(de)(de)載淳太(tai)子(zi)繼位(wei)，商定次(ci)年(nian)(nian)改用寓意吉祥(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”新年(nian)(nian)號(hao)(hao)，并下(xia)令鑄造了“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)通寶”、“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)重(zhong)寶”制錢。然(ran)而他們的(de)(de)(de)所作所為(wei)(wei)，使權(quan)欲熏(xun)心的(de)(de)(de)西(xi)宮太(tai)后慈禧極度恐慌，她聯(lian)手(shou)東宮太(tai)后慈安，暗中勾結(jie)恭親(qin)王奕?，回京后于9月30日突然(ran)發動宮廷政(zheng)變(bian)，迅速(su)捕(bu)殺了肅順(shun)(shun)、載垣、端(duan)華等人。慈禧太(tai)后以(yi)(yi)輔(fu)助年(nian)(nian)幼皇(huang)帝(di)、一同(tong)治政(zheng)為(wei)(wei)名，宣布垂簾聽政(zheng)，廢除“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”年(nian)(nian)號(hao)(hao)，改為(wei)(wei)“同(tong)治”年(nian)(nian)號(hao)(hao)。新鑄的(de)(de)(de)“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”錢幣(bi)被迅速(su)回爐改鑄“同(tong)治”錢幣(bi)。“祺(qi)(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)”年(nian)(nian)號(hao)(hao)錢由(you)誕生到消亡，前(qian)后僅(jin)有短短的(de)(de)(de)幾十天時(shi)間。
正因為“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”年(nian)號(hao)錢(qian)發行時間(jian)(jian)短(duan)暫，因此存(cun)世量(liang)極(ji)少。孫(sun)仲匯著《錢(qian)幣辭(ci)典》載：“祺(qi)祥(xiang)通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)、祺(qi)祥(xiang)重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)：咸(xian)豐十(shi)一年(nian)（1861）鑄，通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)小平有(you)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)云、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)蘇、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏(gong)五(wu)局(ju)，后(hou)三種極(ji)罕。重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)當十(shi)有(you)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏(gong)三局(ju)。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉局(ju)極(ji)少。”因此，盡管“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”年(nian)號(hao)錢(qian)距(ju)今時間(jian)(jian)不長，物以稀為貴，像許多年(nian)代(dai)久遠的古錢(qian)幣一樣(yang)，被錢(qian)幣收(shou)藏家視為珍(zhen)品。
如果說寶(bao)(bao)源局祺(qi)(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)當十銅錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)比較珍(zhen)貴(gui)，那么祺(qi)(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)與(yu)同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)背錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)則更加珍(zhen)貴(gui)。所謂合(he)(he)背錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，是(shi)指誤用(yong)二件面(mian)(mian)范（鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)模(mo)具中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)模(mo)）鑄成的(de)(de)(de)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，雙面(mian)(mian)均有錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文；大多(duo)出自各個朝(chao)代的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晚(wan)期，是(shi)我國(guo)古錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)幣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)特殊現(xian)(xian)象，也是(shi)比較稀少的(de)(de)(de)版別，受(shou)到錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)幣收藏(zang)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)普(pu)遍重(zhong)(zhong)視。祺(qi)(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)與(yu)同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)合(he)(he)背錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)同(tong)樣受(shou)到華光普(pu)等(deng)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)幣收藏(zang)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)視。一般(ban)認為，其正、背面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)年號不同(tong)，是(shi)由于(yu)“祺(qi)(qi)祥”錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)改鑄“同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)”錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)時，因時間(jian)倉促，鑄量(liang)劇增(zeng)，鑄工在操作忙亂(luan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出現(xian)(xian)誤用(yong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)范，或有意用(yong)錯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)范。加上檢查不嚴(yan)，錯范的(de)(de)(de)祺(qi)(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)與(yu)同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)合(he)(he)背錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)便流入了市場。這正是(shi)清朝(chao)晚(wan)期政治(zhi)(zhi)沒落，吏治(zhi)(zhi)腐(fu)敗(bai)，綱紀松弛，錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)法混(hun)亂(luan)的(de)(de)(de)體現(xian)(xian)。祺(qi)(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)與(yu)同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)合(he)(he)背錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)和寶(bao)(bao)源局祺(qi)(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)當十銅錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)一道，共同(tong)見證(zheng)了刀光劍(jian)影(ying)、陰險黑暗的(de)(de)(de)清末宮廷(ting)政變，“以錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)證(zheng)史”的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要意義(yi)得(de)到彰(zhang)顯。
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