祺(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)重(zhong)寶是一(yi)枚古代(dai)錢幣，鑄(zhu)于清穆宗(zong)初(chu)登基(ji)時(1861年)。時值載垣(yuan)、肅(su)順八(ba)大臣奉詔(zhao)輔政，即改元祺(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)，并鑄(zhu)祺(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)寶與祺(qi)祥(xiang)(xiang)重(zhong)寶當十錢。
祺(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)錢(qian)(qian)徑(jing)約3．5厘米，重(zhong)(zhong)12．5克左(zuo)(zuo)右。錢(qian)(qian)面文(wen)字(zi)“祺(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”以楷(kai)書書寫，其文(wen)字(zi)從(cong)上而(er)(er)下(xia)而(er)(er)右而(er)(er)左(zuo)(zuo)直讀。錢(qian)(qian)背(bei)(bei)穿(chuan)孔左(zuo)(zuo)右為滿文(wen)的“寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)”或“寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)源”二(er)局名稱。穿(chuan)孔上下(xia)是漢文(wen)的記(ji)值"當十"二(er)字(zi)。出于"祺(qi)祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)"鑄(zhu)后不(bu)久，慈(ci)禧(xi)太后攝(she)政便改(gai)元“同(tong)治(zhi)”，祺(qi)祥通(tong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)也(ye)便不(bu)準通(tong)行(xing)，因而(er)(er)傳于今(jin)世甚(shen)少。祺(qi)祥通(tong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)還鑄(zhu)有合背(bei)(bei)，以及"祺(qi)祥"、"同(tong)治(zhi)"異號合背(bei)(bei)錢(qian)(qian)。
祺祥(xiang)是同治皇帝第(di)一個年號(hao)，當(dang)時提(ti)出時即有大臣因“祺”“祥(xiang)”兩字意(yi)思(si)相近而(er)持反對意(yi)見，后因慈禧太(tai)后發動辛酉政變(bian)而(er)廢止，僅(jin)存60天(tian)。所鑄(zhu)多為樣幣(bi)，流通幣(bi)幾(ji)乎全部收回損毀殆(dai)盡。
清咸豐十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)七月(yue)二十(shi)六日鼓鑄，還未(wei)發行，十(shi)月(yue)五(wu)日即被勒令廢除(chu)，鑄幣(bi)回爐鑄為"同治"錢（1861年(nian)).與祺祥通寶一(yi)(yi)起并稱為中國(guo)壽命最(zui)短的錢幣(bi)。
“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”年(nian)(nian)號(hao)定于咸豐十(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)七月(yue)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)(ri)，廢于同年(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)月(yue)五日(ri)(ri)，短短六(liu)十(shi)(shi)九天，是我國歷史上少(shao)有(you)的短命(ming)年(nian)(nian)號(hao)。而祺(qi)祥(xiang)錢也因(yin)(yin)此而鑄行時間短促，尚未流通，就被廢行了，因(yin)(yin)而傳(chuan)世(shi)甚(shen)少(shao)，極難(nan)見到(dao)。祺(qi)祥(xiang)錢分(fen)(fen)“祺(qi)祥(xiang)通寶(bao)”和(he)“祺(qi)祥(xiang)重寶(bao)”，僅(jin)有(you)寶(bao)泉局、寶(bao)源(yuan)局、寶(bao)云局、寶(bao)蘇(su)局有(you)鑄。“祺(qi)祥(xiang)通寶(bao)”徑(jing)(jing)約2.7厘米，重一(yi)錢二(er)(er)分(fen)(fen)，面文(wen)楷書，順讀(du)。“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”重寶(bao)“徑(jing)(jing)約3.5厘米，重七錢四分(fen)(fen)，為(wei)(wei)當十(shi)(shi)錢，此錢做工較(jiao)精整(zheng)美觀(guan)，因(yin)(yin)存世(shi)較(jiao)少(shao)為(wei)(wei)收(shou)藏者重視。
同治(zhi)錢因(yin)鑄(zhu)錢虧損等原因(yin)，鑄(zhu)行很不(bu)正常(chang)，時鑄(zhu)時停，現(xian)常(chang)見(jian)(jian)約有寶(bao)泉、寶(bao)源、寶(bao)蘇、寶(bao)浙、寶(bao)鞏(gong)、寶(bao)昌、寶(bao)川、寶(bao)桂、寶(bao)直、寶(bao)云、寶(bao)東等局(ju)錢，其余皆少見(jian)(jian)或僅見(jian)(jian)樣錢。同治(zhi)年間僅鑄(zhu)行了(le)當(dang)(dang)十以下大(da)錢，開鑄(zhu)的錢局(ju)有：寶(bao)源、寶(bao)泉、寶(bao)云、寶(bao)鞏(gong)和(he)新疆(jiang)阿克蘇等局(ju)，大(da)小輕重也(ye)不(bu)一，新疆(jiang)局(ju)及寶(bao)鞏(gong)局(ju)曾鑄(zhu)有當(dang)(dang)五錢，新疆(jiang)寶(bao)伊局(ju)有當(dang)(dang)四錢。同治(zhi)時期本就鑄(zhu)錢不(bu)多(duo)，民間又普遍(bian)使(shi)用白銀，而(er)且(qie)外國機制(zhi)銀元(yuan)的輸入頗(po)多(duo)，且(qie)成(cheng)色(se)制(zhi)度均有保證，使(shi)用頗(po)方便，故而(er)銅錢的使(shi)用也(ye)就日見(jian)(jian)減少了(le)。
寶(bao)源局祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶(bao)當(dang)(dang)十(shi)銅錢(qian)。直徑(jing)3.48厘米(mi)，重(zhong)18.9克。面(mian)文“祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶(bao)”；背面(mian)穿上下為漢文紀(ji)值(zhi)“當(dang)(dang)十(shi)”二字，左右為滿文錢(qian)局“寶(bao)源”二字。
祺祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)與同(tong)治重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)的合背錢。直徑3.5厘(li)米，重(zhong)(zhong)16.6克。面(mian)文同(tong)樣為“祺祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)”；背文為“同(tong)治重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)”。“祺祥重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)”中(zhong)的“寶(bao)(bao)”字為“寶(bao)(bao)”；“同(tong)治重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)(bao)”中(zhong)的“寶(bao)(bao)”字為“寶(bao)(bao)”。
兩枚錢幣(bi)均闊(kuo)緣無銹，內郭穿口具有(you)清(qing)代錢幣(bi)特征，面文和背文文字端莊(zhuang)嚴整，銅質細膩，色澤金黃，鑄造精良，保存(cun)良好，令人百看(kan)不厭。根據《清(qing)史》記載，當為用(yong)上(shang)等的(de)云南黃銅鑄造。
清(qing)代(dai)自順治登(deng)基（1644）始到宣(xuan)(xuan)統退位（1911）止，一共(gong)經歷(li)順治、康熙、雍正(zheng)、乾隆、嘉慶、道(dao)光(guang)、咸豐、同治、光(guang)緒、宣(xuan)(xuan)統10代(dai)，也(ye)就是(shi)說(shuo)出了10位皇帝。按(an)清(qing)制每朝(chao)只鑄一個年(nian)號錢(qian)(qian)幣，本應10個，然而歷(li)史(shi)上卻發(fa)行(xing)了11個年(nian)號的(de)(de)方孔制錢(qian)(qian)，這多(duo)出的(de)(de)一個便是(shi)“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”年(nian)號錢(qian)(qian)。這就涉及“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”年(nian)號錢(qian)(qian)誕生和消(xiao)亡的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)背(bei)景——“祺(qi)祥(xiang)政(zheng)變”（因(yin)為發(fa)生在辛酉年(nian)，又稱“辛酉政(zheng)變”）。
咸豐十一年(nian)(nian)（1861）七月(yue)，咸豐帝在熱河避暑(shu)山莊病逝，以肅順(shun)為(wei)首(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)八位大臣按遺詔，以顧命(ming)大臣身份主宰朝政(zheng)，擁(yong)輔(fu)年(nian)(nian)僅6歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)載淳太子繼(ji)位，商定(ding)次年(nian)(nian)改用寓意吉祥(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”新年(nian)(nian)號，并下(xia)令鑄造(zao)了“祺(qi)祥(xiang)通寶”、“祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)寶”制錢。然而(er)他們的(de)(de)(de)(de)所作所為(wei)，使權欲熏心的(de)(de)(de)(de)西宮(gong)太后慈禧極度(du)恐慌，她聯手東(dong)宮(gong)太后慈安，暗中勾結恭親(qin)王奕?，回京后于9月(yue)30日突(tu)然發動宮(gong)廷政(zheng)變，迅(xun)速捕殺了肅順(shun)、載垣、端華等人(ren)。慈禧太后以輔(fu)助(zhu)年(nian)(nian)幼皇(huang)帝、一同治(zhi)政(zheng)為(wei)名，宣(xuan)布垂簾聽政(zheng)，廢除“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”年(nian)(nian)號，改為(wei)“同治(zhi)”年(nian)(nian)號。新鑄的(de)(de)(de)(de)“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”錢幣被迅(xun)速回爐改鑄“同治(zhi)”錢幣。“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”年(nian)(nian)號錢由誕生到消亡(wang)，前后僅有短短的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾十天時間(jian)。
正(zheng)因(yin)為(wei)“祺祥(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”年號錢發行時(shi)間短暫，因(yin)此存世量(liang)極(ji)(ji)少(shao)。孫仲匯(hui)著《錢幣辭典》載：“祺祥(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)、祺祥(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)：咸豐(feng)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年（1861）鑄(zhu)，通寶(bao)(bao)(bao)小平有寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)(quan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)云(yun)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)蘇(su)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏五局，后三(san)種極(ji)(ji)罕。重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)當(dang)十(shi)有寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)(quan)、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)源、寶(bao)(bao)(bao)鞏三(san)局。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)泉(quan)(quan)局極(ji)(ji)少(shao)。”因(yin)此，盡管(guan)“祺祥(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”年號錢距(ju)今時(shi)間不長，物以稀(xi)為(wei)貴(gui)，像(xiang)許多年代久遠(yuan)的(de)古錢幣一(yi)(yi)樣，被錢幣收藏家視(shi)為(wei)珍品。
如果說寶源(yuan)局祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶當十銅錢比較珍(zhen)貴，那么祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶與同(tong)(tong)治重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶的(de)(de)(de)(de)合背(bei)錢則(ze)更加珍(zhen)貴。所謂合背(bei)錢，是指誤用二件面范（鑄錢模具中的(de)(de)(de)(de)面模）鑄成的(de)(de)(de)(de)錢，雙面均有(you)錢文；大多(duo)出(chu)自各(ge)個(ge)朝(chao)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)中晚(wan)期，是我國古錢幣中出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊現象，也(ye)是比較稀少的(de)(de)(de)(de)版別(bie)，受(shou)到錢幣收藏家的(de)(de)(de)(de)普遍重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視。祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶與同(tong)(tong)治重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶合背(bei)錢同(tong)(tong)樣(yang)受(shou)到華(hua)光(guang)普等錢幣收藏家的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視。一般認(ren)為(wei)，其正、背(bei)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)年號不同(tong)(tong)，是由于“祺(qi)祥(xiang)”錢改(gai)鑄“同(tong)(tong)治”錢時，因時間(jian)倉促，鑄量劇增，鑄工(gong)在操作忙亂(luan)中出(chu)現誤用錢范，或有(you)意用錯錢范。加上檢查不嚴，錯范的(de)(de)(de)(de)祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶與同(tong)(tong)治重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶合背(bei)錢便流(liu)入了市(shi)場(chang)。這正是清(qing)朝(chao)晚(wan)期政治沒落(luo)，吏(li)治腐敗，綱(gang)紀松弛，錢法混亂(luan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)體現。祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶與同(tong)(tong)治重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶合背(bei)錢和(he)寶源(yuan)局祺(qi)祥(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寶當十銅錢一道，共同(tong)(tong)見證(zheng)了刀光(guang)劍影、陰(yin)險黑(hei)暗(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)末宮(gong)廷政變，“以錢證(zheng)史”的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)意義得到彰顯。
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