按(an)背文和鑄行階(jie)段可分為五(wu)式。
第一式為“仿(fang)古(gu)式”,鑄(zhu)行時間為順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)元年至(zhi)八(ba)年(1644~1651),順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)十七年停止使用(yong)并(bing)回收。包括光(guang)背(bei)、背(bei)符(fu)號、背(bei)紀值三類(lei),其(qi)中紀值類(lei)有背(bei)“一”、“二”與“十·一兩”仿(fang)明天啟(qi)大(da)錢試鑄(zhu)品,背(bei)符(fu)號類(lei)有背(bei)星、背(bei)圈等。由于(yu)仿(fang)古(gu)式順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)錢從形(xing)制、鑄(zhu)造工(gong)藝等方面均具有很明顯(xian)的(de)(de)明朝鑄(zhu)幣的(de)(de)特(te)點,故稱(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)為“仿(fang)古(gu)式”。又(you)因為錢背(bei)無紀錢局(ju)文字,也(ye)稱(cheng)(cheng)為“無紀局(ju)”式,是清朝入(ru)關后鑄(zhu)行的(de)(de)唯一一種(zhong)無紀局(ju)標識的(de)(de)制錢。
第二(er)式(shi)為(wei)“單(dan)(dan)漢(han)(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)紀局式(shi)”,該式(shi)鑄(zhu)行時間為(wei)順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元年(nian)至十(shi)年(nian)(1644~1653),錢(qian)(qian)(qian)背以(yi)(yi)單(dan)(dan)個漢(han)(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)標示鑄(zhu)造(zao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)局簡稱,先后(hou)有(you)(you)右(you)(you)(you)單(dan)(dan)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、穿左單(dan)(dan)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)及穿上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)漢(han)(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)幾類。由于順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)早期鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)局眾多(duo),故錢(qian)(qian)(qian)背紀局文(wen)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較(jiao)為(wei)豐(feng)富,共發(fa)現十(shi)九(jiu)個錢(qian)(qian)(qian)局,三(san)十(shi)一(yi)種背文(wen),分別為(wei):右(you)(you)(you)戶(hu)、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)戶(hu)、右(you)(you)(you)工、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)工、右(you)(you)(you)宣、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)宣、右(you)(you)(you)臨(lin)、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)臨(lin)、右(you)(you)(you)延、左延、右(you)(you)(you)云、右(you)(you)(you)同、右(you)(you)(you)薊(ji)、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)薊(ji)、右(you)(you)(you)原、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)原、右(you)(you)(you)陽、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)陽、右(you)(you)(you)河、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)河、右(you)(you)(you)浙、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)浙、右(you)(you)(you)東、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)東、右(you)(you)(you)荊、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)荊、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)寧、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)昌、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)襄、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)福、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)新。其(qi)(qi)中:上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)工、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)新未(wei)正式(shi)發(fa)行,僅見(jian)(jian)數枚樣錢(qian)(qian)(qian),背右(you)(you)(you)延字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)較(jiao)為(wei)罕見(jian)(jian),背上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)延字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)未(wei)見(jian)(jian)真品。舊譜記載背右(you)(you)(you)昌、右(you)(you)(you)寧、上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)陜、右(you)(you)(you)陜等品種實(shi)不存在。順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)七年(nian)仿古式(shi)與單(dan)(dan)漢(han)(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)紀局式(shi)順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)一(yi)并停(ting)用(yong),并被(bei)收兌(dui)銷毀。《清文(wen)獻通考·卷十(shi)三(san)·錢(qian)(qian)(qian)幣(bi)考》;“國初,尚仍其(qi)(qi)制,嗣后(hou)有(you)(you)鑄(zhu)漢(han)(han)文(wen),戶(hu)工字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)及各(ge)省鎮地名一(yi)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),于錢(qian)(qian)(qian)幕(mu)之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),或(huo)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)幕(mu)之(zhi)右(you)(you)(you)者,皆順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)年(nian)以(yi)(yi)前之(zhi)制。”說明仿古式(shi)與“單(dan)(dan)漢(han)(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)式(shi)”為(wei)順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)早期形式(shi)。
第三式為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”式,錢(qian)背(bei)穿(chuan)右(you)以一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)單漢(han)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)標示鑄(zhu)(zhu)局,穿(chuan)左(zuo)書(shu)寫“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”二(er)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。鑄(zhu)(zhu)行時間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)順(shun)(shun)治十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)至(zhi)十(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1653~1657),停用時間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)康熙(xi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1663)。根據(ju)順(shun)(shun)治十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1653)九月當(dang)時的(de)戶部(bu)尚書(shu)車(che)克題:“進(jin)(jin)驗新式樣錢(qian)并(bing)請旨頒發(fa)(fa)”事本(ben)中記載:“遵照(zhao)新式背(bei)鑄(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)貳字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)樣錢(qian)萬(wan)文(wen),理合進(jin)(jin)驗,如(ru)果合式,以便頒發(fa)(fa)各省鎮照(zhao)式鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)?查(cha)在京(jing)有戶?工兩局,臣部(bu)經管者,錢(qian)背(bei)鑄(zhu)(zhu)壹戶字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),工部(bu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)工字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),如(ru)江(jiang)寧寧字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),浙江(jiang)浙字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),武昌昌字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),福(fu)建福(fu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),山東(dong)東(dong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),河南河字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),陜西陜字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),太(tai)原(yuan)原(yuan)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),陽和陽字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),宣(xuan)府宣(xuan)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),薊(ji)鎮薊(ji)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),臨(lin)清(qing)臨(lin)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),所以辯精粗,而(er)分殿最也?”順(shun)(shun)治“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”式錢(qian)共發(fa)(fa)現十(shi)七種,分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei):“戶一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“工一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“宣(xuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“薊(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“原(yuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“陽一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“河一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“浙一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“東(dong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“寧一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“昌一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“福(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“陜一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“江(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”、“云一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”。唯(wei)獨云南鑄(zhu)(zhu)“云一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)順(shun)(shun)治十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)至(zhi)順(shun)(shun)治十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1659~1661)。該式為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“權銀(yin)(yin)錢(qian)”;“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”二(er)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)折(zhe)銀(yin)(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(十(shi)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)折(zhe)銀(yin)(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分,十(shi)分折(zhe)銀(yin)(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)錢(qian),十(shi)錢(qian)折(zhe)銀(yin)(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兩),“權銀(yin)(yin)錢(qian)”的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)行是清(qing)朝初年(nian)(nian)(nian)銀(yin)(yin)錢(qian)雙本(ben)位(wei)貨幣制度的(de)實物體現。
第(di)四(si)(si)式為背(bei)(bei)“滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”式,錢(qian)(qian)背(bei)(bei)書寫滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)“寶(bao)(bao)泉”或“寶(bao)(bao)源”分(fen)(fen)列穿左右(you)。順(shun)治(zhi)十四(si)(si)年(nian)(1657),戶部(bu)題準各省(sheng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)局(ju)一(yi)律停(ting)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),僅由戶部(bu)寶(bao)(bao)泉局(ju)與(yu)工部(bu)寶(bao)(bao)源鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)背(bei)(bei)滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)局(ju)名錢(qian)(qian)。《清(qing)史稿食貨五》記載:“順(shun)治(zhi)十四(si)(si)年(nian),直省(sheng)局(ju)錢(qian)(qian)不(bu)(bu)精,私鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)乘之,卒壅不(bu)(bu)行(xing),悉(xi)罷(ba)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),專任寶(bao)(bao)泉,寶(bao)(bao)源精造一(yi)錢(qian)(qian)四(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)重錢(qian)(qian),幕(mu)用(yong)滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen),俾私鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),限于作偽(wei),現行(xing)錢(qian)(qian)限三月銷(xiao)毀?”可見由北京戶?工二局(ju)改鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)順(shun)治(zhi)背(bei)(bei)滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)“寶(bao)(bao)泉”?“寶(bao)(bao)源”重錢(qian)(qian)是為了達(da)到統(tong)一(yi)管理防止(zhi)私鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de),也(ye)是歷(li)史上(shang)最重的(de)(de)小平制(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)。背(bei)(bei)“滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”式制(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間為順(shun)治(zhi)十四(si)(si)至十八年(nian)(1657~1661),錢(qian)(qian)體大(da)而厚重,錢(qian)(qian)背(bei)(bei)銘文(wen)(wen)(wen)改為雙滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)形式,較之前順(shun)治(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)有很大(da)不(bu)(bu)同。從(cong)這一(yi)式開始,清(qing)朝制(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)在(zai)形制(zhi)從(cong)上(shang)沿用(yong)明朝的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代進入了真(zhen)正(zheng)的(de)(de)清(qing)錢(qian)(qian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代,背(bei)(bei)滿(man)文(wen)(wen)(wen)寶(bao)(bao)泉、寶(bao)(bao)源形式的(de)(de)制(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)一(yi)直延續至清(qing)末宣(xuan)統(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期。它的(de)(de)出現具有劃時(shi)(shi)(shi)代的(de)(de)意義。
第五式(shi)為“滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)文”式(shi),錢(qian)(qian)(qian)背(bei)(bei)分(fen)別以(yi)滿(man)(man)(man)、漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)書寫鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)局(ju)簡稱,分(fen)列穿左(zuo)右(you)。鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)行時(shi)間為順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)十(shi)七(qi)年至(zhi)十(shi)八年(1660-1661)?據《清朝(chao)通志》所載:順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)十(shi)七(qi)年(1660)戶(hu)部又重定順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)通寶背(bei)(bei)文制式(shi),除寶泉(quan)局(ju)、寶源局(ju)續(xu)鋳背(bei)(bei)滿(man)(man)(man)文式(shi)外,提準(zhun)重開(kai)十(shi)五個(ge)地(di)方(fang)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)局(ju),并(bing)按(an)照(zhao)順(shun)(shun)治(zhi)四式(shi)的規格開(kai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)新錢(qian)(qian)(qian),每文重一錢(qian)(qian)(qian)四分(fen),其(qi)背(bei)(bei)文由穿右(you)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)府(fu)局(ju)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)文局(ju)名,穿左(zuo)為滿(man)(man)(man)文局(ju)名,故稱滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)文式(shi)。據《清朝(chao)通志》記(ji)載該式(shi)分(fen)別有:山西大同(tong)鎮(zhen)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“同(tong)”字(zi)(zi)?江(jiang)南江(jiang)寧局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“寧”字(zi)(zi)?山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“東(dong)”字(zi)(zi)?湖廣武昌府(fu)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“昌”字(zi)(zi)?直隸宣化鎮(zhen)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“宣”字(zi)(zi)?山西太原府(fu)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“原”字(zi)(zi)?直隸薊(ji)州鎮(zhen)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“薊(ji)”字(zi)(zi)?江(jiang)西南昌府(fu)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“江(jiang)”字(zi)(zi)?河南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“河”字(zi)(zi)?山東(dong)臨清鎮(zhen)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“臨”字(zi)(zi)?浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“浙(zhe)”字(zi)(zi)?陜(shan)西省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“陜(shan)”字(zi)(zi)?福(fu)建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“福(fu)”字(zi)(zi)、云南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“云”字(zi)(zi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)?其(qi)中福(fu)建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“福(fu)”字(zi)(zi)與云南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“云”字(zi)(zi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)并(bing)未(wei)正(zheng)式(shi)開(kai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“福(fu)”字(zi)(zi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)僅發現(xian)數枚部頒樣錢(qian)(qian)(qian),而滿(man)(man)(man)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)“云”字(zi)(zi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)未(wei)見真品存(cun)世(shi)。
公元1644年(nian),清(qing)軍入關(guan),愛(ai)新覺羅·福臨至(zhi)北(bei)京。為(wei)了(le)(le)穩定(ding)流通鑄幣混亂(luan)的(de)(de)局面,一方面有選(xuan)擇地繼(ji)續沿用(yong)明代(dai)舊(jiu)錢(qian),另一方在北(bei)京設中央錢(qian)局開鑄“順(shun)治(zhi)通寶(bao)”錢(qian)。新錢(qian)每(mei)文重量定(ding)為(wei)一錢(qian)與明錢(qian)兌換。這一舉措逐漸統一了(le)(le)流通錢(qian)的(de)(de)形(xing)制,為(wei)恢(hui)復國(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟打(da)下了(le)(le)良好(hao)的(de)(de)基礎。然而作為(wei)剛剛入關(guan)的(de)(de)清(qing)朝(chao)政府推行(xing)順(shun)治(zhi)通寶(bao)錢(qian)并不(bu)是一帆風(feng)順(shun)的(de)(de),它先(xian)后經(jing)歷了(le)(le)五次(ci)重要的(de)(de)改(gai)革,最終完(wan)成了(le)(le)脫離明代(dai)而建(jian)立清(qing)代(dai)鑄幣體(ti)系的(de)(de)過(guo)程。五次(ci)貨幣改(gai)制鑄就了(le)(le)五種形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)順(shun)治(zhi)通寶(bao)錢(qian),這就是聞名于(yu)世的(de)(de)順(shun)治(zhi)五式(shi)。每(mei)一式(shi)順(shun)治(zhi)通寶(bao)自成體(ti)系又互相關(guan)聯,為(wei)我們后來(lai)的(de)(de)收藏和研究者提供了(le)(le)豐富多彩(cai)、趣味無(wu)窮的(de)(de)實物資(zi)料。
1.明(ming)亡清興(xing)是(shi)中(zhong)國歷史中(zhong)的(de)一個(ge)精彩(cai)的(de)亮(liang)點,滿(man)清入(ru)關之后,清政(zheng)權(quan)、南明(ming)政(zheng)權(quan)、農民起義(yi)軍(jun)政(zheng)權(quan)之間爆發的(de)一系列大規模(mo)的(de)戰(zhan)爭。清政(zheng)權(quan)的(de)統一戰(zhan)爭主導(dao)了前期順(shun)治錢(qian)的(de)鑄造,它是(shi)一個(ge)戰(zhan)時貨(huo)幣演化的(de)經典(dian)案例(li)和實物證(zheng)據;
2.隨著敵對政權逐一被(bei)消滅,后期(qi)的(de)順(shun)治錢(qian)迅速從(cong)戰時貨(huo)幣向建設時期(qi)貨(huo)幣的(de)轉型過渡,順(shun)治錢(qian)也徹底從(cong)明(ming)朝制錢(qian)體系中脫離出來(lai)。它是研究(jiu)清前(qian)期(qi)是如(ru)何著力(li)恢復戰后經濟(ji)課題重要實例;
3.順治(zhi)錢(qian)是中國(guo)歷史上第二個完成了大一統的少數民族政權開(kai)國(guo)鑄幣(bi),是研(yan)究少數民族與漢族錢(qian)幣(bi)文(wen)化如(ru)何一步步走向融合的實物資(zi)料;順治(zhi)錢(qian)是在(zai)銀(yin)本位貨(huo)幣(bi)制度完全(quan)確立(li)之后,建立(li)的一整套白銀(yin)、銅錢(qian)雙軌(gui)制貨(huo)幣(bi)解(jie)決方案;是貨(huo)幣(bi)白銀(yin)化研(yan)究的重(zhong)要組(zu)成;
4.鑄幣紀(ji)局的(de)(de)制度(du)(du)是整(zheng)個清(qing)代錢(qian)(qian)幣體(ti)系的(de)(de)一(yi)大特點,也是中國封建鑄幣制度(du)(du)發展(zhan)到更成(cheng)熟階段的(de)(de)體(ti)現(xian)。這一(yi)制度(du)(du)雖然始于(yu)順治錢(qian)(qian),但這并(bing)非一(yi)蹴(cu)而就(jiu),它經(jing)歷了一(yi)個循序漸(jian)進的(de)(de)過程,對順治錢(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)為弄清(qing)這一(yi)演化過程提供了重要參(can)考。