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簡介

宋(song)(song)元通寶是(shi)宋(song)(song)代(dai)的第一種鑄錢(qian)(qian)，鑄于宋(song)(song)太(tai)祖建隆元年960年，錢(qian)(qian)式(shi)沿襲“周元通寶”成規，為小平錢(qian)(qian)。錢(qian)(qian)文對讀，是(shi)國(guo)號加寶文的國(guo)號錢(qian)(qian)。后(hou)宋(song)(song)太(tai)祖傳位于弟宋(song)(song)太(tai)宗趙光義即位，于太(tai)平興國(guo)年間(jian)（976年—983年）年鑄“太(tai)平通寶”錢(qian)(qian)，錢(qian)(qian)式(shi)同“宋(song)(song)元通寶”。

當時四川及福建(jian)出鐵錢。福建(jian)所出鐵錢，背郭(guo)清晰，鑄(zhu)工頗(po)精，大受(shou)歡迎，于是(shi)又推(tui)出一種直徑4.2厘(li)米(mi)的當十大錢，書法鑄(zhu)工均不錯，背穿上(shang)有一個圓點(dian)，可(ke)能是(shi)一種紀(ji)念錢，現存(cun)世不多。這(zhe)兩種“太平通寶(bao)”都為(wei)五代風格，而鑄(zhu)工精整，深厚淳(chun)樸(pu)可(ke)比開元(yuan)錢。

宋元通(tong)(tong)寶(bao)為(wei)宋開國錢。錢文仿八分書，形制仿唐開元。有銅(tong)、鐵(tie)兩種，鐵(tie)錢十當銅(tong)錢一。宋元通(tong)(tong)寶(bao)版別(bie)較多(duo)，除背(bei)有星(xing)、直、日(ri)、月(yue)、上菱紋外(wai)，常(chang)見的主要有：大字(zi)、長通(tong)(tong)、狹(xia)通(tong)(tong)、小(xiao)字(zi)闊緣等。較為(wei)少(shao)見的有：大字(zi)右(you)挑元、接郭、開元版低頭通(tong)(tong)、鐵(tie)母(mu)狹(xia)宋、闊宋昂寶(bao)、折二樣等。

外型

外圓內方(fang)，錢文仿八分書，形(xing)制仿唐(tang)開元。有(you)銅(tong)、鐵兩種，背(bei)有(you)星、月紋等，鐵錢十當銅(tong)錢一。

源流

原意

錢(qian)(qian)本農(nong)器(qi)，其(qi)狀類鏟，用(yong)以(yi)(yi)劃地除(chu)草者。生民之(zhi)(zhi)初，人(ren)各(ge)自給(gei)自足，無(wu)所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)，更無(wu)所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)過(guo)(guo)籌，偶有所(suo)(suo)需，即(ji)以(yi)(yi)農(nong)器(qi)為交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)媒。是農(nong)器(qi)者，即(ji)當時所(suo)(suo)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)籌，亦即(ji)今(jin)日之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)幣也。以(yi)(yi)后，因交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)增繁(fan)，漸致農(nong)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)不足以(yi)(yi)應用(yong)，遂象(xiang)其(qi)形而制(zhi)物以(yi)(yi)代之(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)形狀及(ji)用(yong)途(tu)均與(yu)農(nong)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)等，故仍名(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)錢(qian)(qian)，此通籌之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)名(ming)錢(qian)(qian)者以(yi)(yi)此。

記載

至其肇(zhao)始之年代(dai)，現已(yi)無法確考。但據(ju)(ju)《管子》載(zai)，稱(cheng)錢之興蓋自(zi)燧人(ren)氏(shi)以輕重為天(tian)(tian)下利(li)，至黃(huang)帝(di)時(shi)，其法寢備，則(ze)《紀原(yuan)》謂始于(yu)帝(di)堯遭大(da)水(shui)而(er)始鑄錢者非，此說似屬近理。蓋雖(sui)非始自(zi)燧人(ren)氏(shi)，其相去亦不遠(yuan)也(ye)。據(ju)(ju)后世多數考古家(jia)之考證，在出土(tu)之古錢中，有(you)一(yi)種鏟幣(bi)(bi)與黃(huang)帝(di)后任何時(shi)期之錢幣(bi)(bi)不同，糟(zao)朽已(yi)達極點，握手即(ji)(ji)行粉碎，其花紋(wen)字體與五(wu)帝(di)三(san)代(dai)之器無一(yi)相同，是或即(ji)(ji)燧人(ren)氏(shi)最初(chu)所鑄之錢歟?至伏(fu)羲(xi)氏(shi)乃鑄棘(ji)幣(bi)(bi)，據(ju)(ju)史載(zai)，伏(fu)羲(xi)氏(shi)聚天(tian)(tian)下之銅以鑄幣(bi)(bi)，今日所見古錢，凡文字與骨甲刻字相同者，皆系此時(shi)所鑄之物也(ye)。

此后(hou)，錢(qian)之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)用深人民間(jian)，各代帝(di)王無(wu)不以(yi)鑄(zhu)錢(qian)為(wei)(wei)要政。神農時(shi)，鑄(zhu)錢(qian)尤(you)多(duo)(duo)，惟(wei)式樣仍系鐘形，文字仍用刀刻(ke)(ke)，與伏羲氏(shi)所(suo)制者殆無(wu)少異(yi)。至黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)時(shi)，對于鑄(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)尤(you)為(wei)(wei)努力，據史載，黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)以(yi)柏高為(wei)(wei)壙(kuang)師(shi)，煉銅鑄(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)。又載，黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)開首山之(zhi)礦以(yi)鑄(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)。故三代以(yi)前，以(yi)黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)鑄(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)之(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)最久，而所(suo)鑄(zhu)之(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)亦(yi)獨(du)多(duo)(duo)也(ye)。按黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)所(suo)鑄(zhu)之(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)，多(duo)(duo)數仍為(wei)(wei)鏟式，但間(jian)有刀形者，字體(ti)則多(duo)(duo)為(wei)(wei)刀刻(ke)(ke)，間(jian)有漆(qi)書者。堯舜雖亦(yi)鑄(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)，但均系拯(zheng)救饑溺，偶爾舉行(xing)，式樣文字與前相同，并無(wu)變(bian)異(yi)。

至夏時，所(suo)鑄雖亦(yi)為鏟形(xing)(xing)，但全為漆書，并(bing)無刀(dao)刻字(zi)體者。總之，自有(you)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)之始，以迄夏初所(suo)通用(yong)之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，完全均為鏟形(xing)(xing)。伏羲氏(shi)之棘(ji)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，絕(jue)非(fei)伏羲氏(shi)時所(suo)通行(xing)之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)。其他葛天氏(shi)之圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，既(ji)系圓(yuan)孔(kong)，亦(yi)定(ding)非(fei)通行(xing)之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)。至黃帝時之金刀(dao)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，亦(yi)非(fei)通行(xing)之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，是可知在三(san)代(dai)以前(qian)，各代(dai)之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)雖大小文字(zi)問有(you)不同，其為鏟形(xing)(xing)則一也。

至商之時，除仍(reng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)外，又(you)兼鑄(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)孔(kong)圓周(zhou)之幣(bi)(bi)，蓋取天圓地方(fang)之義也。而(er)《古(gu)泉匯》竟謂方(fang)孔(kong)之幣(bi)(bi)始于(yu)伏羲(xi)，實杜論也。因方(fang)孔(kong)之幣(bi)(bi)其文(wen)字均為篆(zhuan)(zhuan)體(ti)，伏羲(xi)氏(shi)時何當有篆(zhuan)(zhuan)字也，此說(shuo)不攻(gong)自破。及周(zhou)，一切法商，但所(suo)鑄(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)，圓幣(bi)(bi)多而(er)鏟幣(bi)(bi)少也'其字體(ti)則大小(xiao)篆(zhuan)(zhuan)兼有，與夏略(lve)同。至景(jing)王時，更鑄(zhu)(zhu)大錢(qian)，文(wen)曰(yue)“寶(bao)貨”。又(you)鑄(zhu)(zhu)刀錢(qian)，亦曰(yue)寶(bao)貨，每刀之頭有環(huan)一，故(gu)幣(bi)(bi)制有稱(cheng)環(huan)法者(zhe)(zhe)，蓋即(ji)本此也。

統一

秦始皇并滅六國，統一天(tian)下(xia)，毀滅先王，推翻前(qian)制(zhi)，以便于(yu)萬(wan)世自為，因收得民(min)間(jian)之銅(tong)器而(er)改鑄重(zhong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，雖(sui)(sui)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)質(zhi)如(ru)周，而(er)文(wen)則曰(yue)“半(ban)(ban)兩”，不曰(yue)“寶貨”矣(yi)。及(ji)漢，以秦錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)太重(zhong)，不便于(yu)用，遂改鑄榆(yu)(yu)莢(jia)(jia)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)之輕(qing)(qing)有似榆(yu)(yu)莢(jia)(jia)，隨風吹動(dong)，并非(fei)形似榆(yu)(yu)莢(jia)(jia)也。雖(sui)(sui)文(wen)仍曰(yue)“半(ban)(ban)兩”，而(er)實(shi)較秦錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)為輕(qing)(qing)。及(ji)呂后為政，鑄八銖(zhu)之錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。孝文(wen)帝時莢(jia)(jia)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益輕(qing)(qing)，乃(nai)改鑄四銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，其文(wen)仍曰(yue)“半(ban)(ban)兩”，令(ling)民(min)自由鑄造。故吳王劉濞以即山鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，富埒天(tian)子，鄧(deng)(deng)通以蜀(shu)之銅(tong)山鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)財過王者。然錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)為“半(ban)(ban)兩”而(er)無(wu)輪廓，故吳鄧(deng)(deng)之錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布滿天(tian)下(xia)。且縣(xian)(xian)官可以鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，民(min)亦間(jian)盜鑄，于(yu)是錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益輕(qing)(qing)薄。乃(nai)令(ling)縣(xian)(xian)官銷半(ban)(ban)兩錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，更鑄三銖(zhu)，文(wen)如(ru)其重(zhong)。以三銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)輕(qing)(qing)，易奸詐，乃(nai)更鑄五銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，周郭其下(xia)，令(ling)不可摩取镕焉。

鑄造

民多(duo)奸鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，錢(qian)(qian)益多(duo)益輕(qing)，京師鑄(zhu)鐘官(guan)(guan)赤側，一當(dang)五(wu)賦，俗所謂紫紺(gan)錢(qian)(qian)。悉禁郡(jun)國勿鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，專令上林三(san)官(guan)(guan)鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，而(er)令天下非三(san)官(guan)(guan)錢(qian)(qian)不(bu)得(de)行使。諸郡(jun)國所鑄(zhu)之錢(qian)(qian)皆廢銷之，輸其(qi)銅入三(san)官(guan)(guan)。孝元帝奉承大業，溫恭少欲，都(dou)內錢(qian)(qian)四(si)十萬(wan)(wan)(wan)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)，水衡(heng)錢(qian)(qian)二十五(wu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)，少府(fu)錢(qian)(qian)十八(ba)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)，都(dou)內、水衡(heng)、少府(fu)即三(san)官(guan)(guan)錢(qian)(qian)，皆天子之私藏也。

孝(xiao)武帝(di)更鑄行(xing)(xing)三分(fen)(fen)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。王莽(mang)居攝，變漢制，更鑄大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，徑一(yi)(yi)寸(cun)二(er)分(fen)(fen)，重十(shi)二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)五十(shi)”。又造契(qi)刀(dao)、錯刀(dao)，其環如大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，身形如刀(dao)，長(chang)二(er)寸(cun)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“契(qi)刀(dao)五百”，錯刀(dao)以黃金(jin)錯，其文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“一(yi)(yi)刀(dao)值五千(qian)”，與五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)凡(fan)四(si)品并行(xing)(xing)于世。莽(mang)纂位，忌惡劉氏，以錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)有金(jin)刀(dao)，故乃(nai)罷錯刀(dao)、契(qi)刀(dao)及(ji)五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，而更作(zuo)金(jin)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、龜(gui)貝、錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)品，名曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“寶貨(huo)”。小(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)徑六分(fen)(fen)，重一(yi)(yi)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“小(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)值一(yi)(yi)”；次(ci)徑七(qi)分(fen)(fen)，重三銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“么(me)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)十(shi)”；又次(ci)徑八分(fen)(fen)，重五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“幼錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)二(er)十(shi)”；又次(ci)徑九(jiu)(jiu)分(fen)(fen)，重七(qi)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“中(zhong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)三十(shi)”；又次(ci)徑一(yi)(yi)寸(cun)，重九(jiu)(jiu)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“壯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四(si)十(shi)”；及(ji)十(shi)二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。是為錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)貨(huo)六品，其值各如其文(wen)。又鑄大(da)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、次(ci)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、弟布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、壯布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、中(zhong)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、差布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、厚布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、幼布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、么(me)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、小(xiao)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。小(xiao)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)一(yi)(yi)寸(cun)五分(fen)(fen)，重十(shi)五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“小(xiao)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)百”。

自小布以上，各(ge)相長一(yi)分，相重一(yi)銖(zhu)，文(wen)名為(wei)(wei)其(qi)布名，值(zhi)各(ge)加一(yi)百。上至大(da)布，長二寸(cun)四分，重一(yi)兩(liang)，而值(zhi)千錢(qian)(qian)矣(yi)。是為(wei)(wei)布十(shi)品，皆(jie)為(wei)(wei)銅(tong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)，遂(sui)廢(fei)漢(han)之(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)。東漢(han)馬援為(wei)(wei)虎賁中郎將(jiang)，親對光武(wu)申(shen)述(shu)，求復五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)，乃從之(zhi)(zhi)，遂(sui)鑄(zhu)(zhu)五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)。后漢(han)公孫述(shu)廢(fei)銅(tong)，置(zhi)鐵官錢(qian)(qian)。及董卓為(wei)(wei)逆，壞(huai)五(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，更(geng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)小錢(qian)(qian)，而無輪郭(guo)。悉取洛(luo)陽、西安(an)之(zhi)(zhi)銅(tong)人，鐘虛銅(tong)馬之(zhi)(zhi)屬充鑄(zhu)(zhu)焉。孫權嘉平五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)大(da)錢(qian)(qian)，一(yi)當(dang)五(wu)(wu)百。赤烏(wu)元年(nian)(nian)'又鑄(zhu)(zhu)當(dang)千錢(qian)(qian)。晉(jin)元帝(di)過江，用孫氏舊錢(qian)(qian)，輕重雜行，大(da)者謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)比輪，中者謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)四文(wen)。吳興(xing)沈充又鑄(zhu)(zhu)小錢(qian)(qian)，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)沈郎錢(qian)(qian)。

宋代

至六朝，宋元(yuan)祖(zu)即位，鑄(zhu)二(er)(er)銖錢(qian)(qian)，形式轉細。官錢(qian)(qian)每出，民間即模(mo)效私鑄(zhu)，而大小厚薄皆不及。太宗明(ming)帝景(jing)和元(yuan)年春，鑄(zhu)二(er)(er)銖錢(qian)(qian)。民益(yi)私鑄(zhu)之(zhi)，由是千錢(qian)(qian)長不盈三寸，謂之(zhi)鵝眼(yan)錢(qian)(qian)。劣(lie)于(yu)此(ci)者謂之(zhi)綖環，貫之(zhi)以縷，入水不沉(chen)，隨(sui)手破碎，市(shi)井不欲流行，數十萬錢(qian)(qian)不盈一掬(ju)。十一月乃罷二(er)(er)銖錢(qian)(qian)，禁鵝眼(yan)、綖環等錢(qian)(qian)，余皆用(yong)之(zhi)。

梁敬帝太平二年四(si)月，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)四(si)柱錢(qian)(qian)，一(yi)準(zhun)二十(shi)，后又改(gai)曰(yue)“柱錢(qian)(qian)一(yi)準(zhun)十(shi)”。南史曹武(wu)在(zai)雍州致見(jian)錢(qian)(qian)七千萬(wan)，皆為(wei)厚輪(lun)大(da)廓(kuo)。魏所用之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)，民(min)(min)多(duo)私(si)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，日就(jiu)薄小，乃(nai)至(zhi)風飄水(shui)浮。楊侃鎮雍州，聽民(min)(min)與(yu)官共鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五銖錢(qian)(qian)，復上(shang)書申請之(zhi)(zhi)。孝莊帝從之(zhi)(zhi)。乃(nai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五銖錢(qian)(qian)，并(bing)古錢(qian)(qian)，不(bu)限大(da)小，悉聽行之(zhi)(zhi)。雞(ji)眼、環依律(lv)而禁，并(bing)以(yi)京都(dou)銅(tong)像毀以(yi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，世號曰(yue)“河陽(yang)錢(qian)(qian)”。周武(wu)帝更(geng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，文曰(yue)“布泉(quan)(quan)”，以(yi)一(yi)當五，與(yu)五銖錢(qian)(qian)并(bing)行。更(geng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五行大(da)布錢(qian)(qian)，以(yi)一(yi)當十(shi)，與(yu)布泉(quan)(quan)錢(qian)(qian)并(bing)行。至(zhi)宣武(wu)帝大(da)象元(yuan)年十(shi)一(yi)月，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)永通萬(wan)國錢(qian)(qian)，以(yi)一(yi)當十(shi)，與(yu)五行大(da)布錢(qian)(qian)并(bing)行。

發展

隋時，巨奸大猾遂多(duo)私(si)鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，益薄惡。初(chu)每(mei)千猶(you)重(zhong)(zhong)二斤(jin)，后(hou)漸輕至(zhi)一(yi)斤(jin)，或剪(jian)鐵繅裁皮(pi)糊紙以(yi)(yi)為錢(qian)(qian)，相雜用之。唐時之江(jiang)淮錢(qian)(qian)尤(you)濫惡，有官爐(lu)、偏(pian)爐(lu)、積錢(qian)(qian)、時錢(qian)(qian)數色。高祖武德初(chu)鑄(zhu)開通錢(qian)(qian)，仰篆隸八分體(ti)，十(shi)(shi)文重(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)兩，為開通元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)。第(di)五(wu)琦請鑄(zhu)乾(qian)元(yuan)(yuan)重(zhong)(zhong)寶(bao)錢(qian)(qian)，以(yi)(yi)一(yi)代十(shi)(shi)。既當(dang)國，又(you)鑄(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)規(gui)錢(qian)(qian)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)。及史思明僭(jian)號(hao)，鑄(zhu)順天得一(yi)錢(qian)(qian)。宋太(tai)(tai)宗改元(yuan)(yuan)為太(tai)(tai)平興國，更(geng)鑄(zhu)太(tai)(tai)平通寶(bao)。淳化(hua)后(hou)改鑄(zhu)，又(you)親書淳化(hua)元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)，作真行草三(san)體(ti)。后(hou)改元(yuan)(yuan)更(geng)鑄(zhu)，皆曰元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)。復(fu)而冠以(yi)(yi)年號(hao)，至(zhi)是改元(yuan)(yuan)，則曰宋通元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)。

太(tai)宗(zong)(zong)皇帝大(da)觀元年(nian)(nian)，首鑄御(yu)書(shu)(shu)當(dang)(dang)十(shi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)京畿瀘之(zhi)復鑄烏背瀘銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，詔以(yi)剪銅(tong)式，頒(ban)行諸(zhu)州(zhou)。前世(shi)鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)未有草書(shu)(shu)者(zhe)，始以(yi)宸翰(han)為之(zhi)，既成，以(yi)賜近臣。蜀(shu)人更私為鐵錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，仁宗(zong)(zong)特(te)命以(yi)皇宋(song)通寶(bao)為文(wen)。慶歷以(yi)后，冠以(yi)年(nian)(nian)號，如舊神(shen)宗(zong)(zong)熙寧六年(nian)(nian)十(shi)月行折二錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。高宗(zong)(zong)更毀民(min)(min)私鑄之(zhi)毛(mao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。南宋(song)之(zhi)季(ji)，中(zhong)國之(zhi)北部(bu)為遼金(jin)所(suo)占據者(zhe)多年(nian)(nian)，因之(zhi)遼金(jin)之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)流人中(zhong)國者(zhe)甚多，且鑄造均(jun)極精良如遼太(tai)祖耶律阿保機所(suo)鑄之(zhi)夭顯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)、天(tian)贊錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，形式文(wen)字均(jun)極精妙，金(jin)海陵王所(suo)鑄之(zhi)正隆錢(qian)(qian)(qian)、世(shi)宗(zong)(zong)之(zhi)大(da)定錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，亦(yi)均(jun)佳美。《金(jin)史(shi)》謂其中(zhong)有銀，或不虛(xu)也。元朝入主中(zhong)國，改鑄大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)前各代(dai)之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)體式均(jun)小．不受人民(min)(min)歡(huan)迎，遂漸淘汰。惟至元之(zhi)末，國用不給，創行權鈔(chao)，即于銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)右(you)，書(shu)(shu)明權鈔(chao)二字，其左(zuo)方(fang)書(shu)(shu)明幾兩(liang)幾分字樣，即此一枚銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，權作銀若(ruo)干，亦(yi)即當(dang)(dang)十(shi)當(dang)(dang)百之(zhi)同意也。