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簡介

宋(song)(song)元(yuan)通(tong)寶(bao)是(shi)宋(song)(song)代的第一種鑄(zhu)錢，鑄(zhu)于(yu)(yu)宋(song)(song)太(tai)(tai)(tai)祖(zu)建隆元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)960年(nian)(nian)，錢式沿(yan)襲“周(zhou)元(yuan)通(tong)寶(bao)”成規，為小平(ping)(ping)錢。錢文對讀，是(shi)國(guo)(guo)號(hao)加寶(bao)文的國(guo)(guo)號(hao)錢。后宋(song)(song)太(tai)(tai)(tai)祖(zu)傳位于(yu)(yu)弟宋(song)(song)太(tai)(tai)(tai)宗趙光義即位，于(yu)(yu)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)興(xing)國(guo)(guo)年(nian)(nian)間（976年(nian)(nian)—983年(nian)(nian)）年(nian)(nian)鑄(zhu)“太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)通(tong)寶(bao)”錢，錢式同“宋(song)(song)元(yuan)通(tong)寶(bao)”。

當時四川及(ji)福建出(chu)鐵錢(qian)(qian)。福建所出(chu)鐵錢(qian)(qian)，背郭清晰，鑄(zhu)工頗(po)精，大受歡迎，于是又推(tui)出(chu)一(yi)種直徑4.2厘米的當十大錢(qian)(qian)，書法鑄(zhu)工均不錯，背穿上有一(yi)個圓點，可能(neng)是一(yi)種紀(ji)念錢(qian)(qian)，現存世(shi)不多。這兩種“太平通寶”都(dou)為(wei)五代風格(ge)，而鑄(zhu)工精整，深厚(hou)淳(chun)樸可比開元錢(qian)(qian)。

宋(song)元通寶(bao)為(wei)宋(song)開國錢(qian)。錢(qian)文(wen)仿八分書，形制仿唐開元。有(you)銅、鐵(tie)(tie)兩種，鐵(tie)(tie)錢(qian)十當(dang)銅錢(qian)一(yi)。宋(song)元通寶(bao)版別較多，除背有(you)星、直、日、月、上菱紋(wen)外，常見的主要(yao)有(you)：大字(zi)、長通、狹通、小(xiao)字(zi)闊(kuo)緣等(deng)。較為(wei)少見的有(you)：大字(zi)右挑元、接郭、開元版低頭通、鐵(tie)(tie)母狹宋(song)、闊(kuo)宋(song)昂寶(bao)、折二(er)樣等(deng)。

外型

外(wai)圓(yuan)內方，錢(qian)(qian)文仿八(ba)分書，形制仿唐開元。有銅、鐵(tie)兩種，背有星、月紋等，鐵(tie)錢(qian)(qian)十(shi)當銅錢(qian)(qian)一。

源流

原意

錢(qian)本農(nong)器(qi)，其(qi)(qi)狀(zhuang)類(lei)鏟(chan)，用以劃(hua)地除(chu)草者(zhe)。生民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)，人各自(zi)給自(zi)足(zu)，無所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)交(jiao)易，更無所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)過(guo)籌(chou)(chou)，偶有所(suo)需，即(ji)以農(nong)器(qi)為交(jiao)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)媒。是農(nong)器(qi)者(zhe)，即(ji)當(dang)時所(suo)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)籌(chou)(chou)，亦即(ji)今日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)謂(wei)(wei)幣也。以后，因交(jiao)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)增繁，漸致(zhi)農(nong)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)足(zu)以應用，遂(sui)象其(qi)(qi)形而制物以代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)形狀(zhuang)及用途均與農(nong)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)等，故仍名(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰錢(qian)，此(ci)通籌(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以名(ming)錢(qian)者(zhe)以此(ci)。

記載

至其肇始之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年代，現已(yi)無法確考。但據《管子》載，稱錢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)興蓋自燧人氏(shi)以輕重為天下(xia)利，至黃帝時，其法寢(qin)備，則《紀(ji)原》謂始于帝堯遭大水而始鑄錢者(zhe)非(fei)，此說似(si)屬(shu)近理。蓋雖非(fei)始自燧人氏(shi)，其相去(qu)亦(yi)不(bu)遠也。據后世(shi)多數考古家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)考證，在出土之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)古錢中，有一(yi)種鏟幣與(yu)黃帝后任(ren)何時期之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢幣不(bu)同(tong)，糟(zao)朽已(yi)達(da)極點，握手(shou)即行(xing)粉碎(sui)，其花紋字(zi)(zi)體與(yu)五帝三代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器無一(yi)相同(tong)，是(shi)或即燧人氏(shi)最初所鑄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢歟?至伏羲氏(shi)乃鑄棘幣，據史載，伏羲氏(shi)聚天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)銅(tong)以鑄幣，今日所見古錢，凡文字(zi)(zi)與(yu)骨(gu)甲(jia)刻字(zi)(zi)相同(tong)者(zhe)，皆(jie)系此時所鑄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物也。

此后，錢之為(wei)(wei)用深人(ren)民間，各代帝王無不以(yi)鑄(zhu)錢為(wei)(wei)要政。神農時(shi)，鑄(zhu)錢尤(you)多，惟式(shi)樣仍(reng)(reng)系鐘(zhong)形，文字仍(reng)(reng)用刀(dao)刻，與伏羲(xi)氏所制(zhi)者(zhe)殆無少(shao)異。至黃(huang)帝時(shi)，對于鑄(zhu)幣尤(you)為(wei)(wei)努力，據史載(zai)，黃(huang)帝以(yi)柏(bo)高(gao)為(wei)(wei)壙(kuang)師，煉銅鑄(zhu)幣。又載(zai)，黃(huang)帝開(kai)首(shou)山之礦以(yi)鑄(zhu)幣。故三(san)代以(yi)前(qian)，以(yi)黃(huang)帝鑄(zhu)幣之時(shi)間為(wei)(wei)最(zui)久，而(er)所鑄(zhu)之幣亦獨多也。按黃(huang)帝所鑄(zhu)之幣，多數(shu)仍(reng)(reng)為(wei)(wei)鏟式(shi)，但(dan)間有刀(dao)形者(zhe)，字體(ti)則(ze)多為(wei)(wei)刀(dao)刻，間有漆書(shu)者(zhe)。堯舜雖亦鑄(zhu)幣，但(dan)均系拯救(jiu)饑溺(ni)，偶(ou)爾舉行，式(shi)樣文字與前(qian)相同，并無變異。

至夏(xia)時，所鑄雖亦為(wei)鏟形，但(dan)全為(wei)漆書，并無刀(dao)刻字體者。總之，自有幣(bi)(bi)(bi)之始，以迄夏(xia)初所通用之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，完全均為(wei)鏟形。伏羲氏(shi)之棘幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，絕非(fei)伏羲氏(shi)時所通行之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)。其他葛天氏(shi)之圓(yuan)形幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，既系圓(yuan)孔(kong)，亦定非(fei)通行之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)。至黃帝(di)時之金刀(dao)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，亦非(fei)通行之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)，是可知在三代以前，各代之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)雖大小文字問有不同，其為(wei)鏟形則一也。

至商之(zhi)時，除(chu)仍(reng)鑄幣(bi)(bi)外(wai)，又(you)兼鑄方(fang)孔(kong)圓(yuan)(yuan)周之(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)，蓋取(qu)天(tian)圓(yuan)(yuan)地方(fang)之(zhi)義也(ye)。而《古(gu)泉匯》竟謂方(fang)孔(kong)之(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)始(shi)于伏羲，實杜論也(ye)。因方(fang)孔(kong)之(zhi)幣(bi)(bi)其(qi)文(wen)字(zi)均為(wei)篆體(ti)(ti)，伏羲氏時何(he)當有(you)篆字(zi)也(ye)，此(ci)說不(bu)攻自破。及(ji)周，一切法商，但所鑄者，圓(yuan)(yuan)幣(bi)(bi)多而鏟幣(bi)(bi)少也(ye)'其(qi)字(zi)體(ti)(ti)則大小(xiao)篆兼有(you)，與夏略同。至景王時，更鑄大錢(qian)，文(wen)曰“寶貨”。又(you)鑄刀錢(qian)，亦曰寶貨，每(mei)刀之(zhi)頭(tou)有(you)環一，故幣(bi)(bi)制有(you)稱環法者，蓋即本(ben)此(ci)也(ye)。

統一

秦(qin)始皇(huang)并滅(mie)六國(guo)，統一天下(xia)，毀滅(mie)先王，推翻前制(zhi)，以便(bian)于萬世自為(wei)，因(yin)收得(de)民(min)(min)間之銅器而(er)(er)改(gai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，雖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)質(zhi)如周(zhou)，而(er)(er)文(wen)則(ze)曰(yue)“半兩”，不曰(yue)“寶(bao)貨”矣。及(ji)漢，以秦(qin)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)太重(zhong)，不便(bian)于用，遂改(gai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)榆莢(jia)(jia)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)之輕有(you)似(si)榆莢(jia)(jia)，隨(sui)風吹(chui)動，并非形似(si)榆莢(jia)(jia)也。雖文(wen)仍曰(yue)“半兩”，而(er)(er)實(shi)較(jiao)秦(qin)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)為(wei)輕。及(ji)呂后為(wei)政，鑄(zhu)(zhu)八銖之錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。孝(xiao)文(wen)帝時莢(jia)(jia)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益輕，乃改(gai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)四銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)仍曰(yue)“半兩”，令(ling)民(min)(min)自由(you)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造。故吳(wu)王劉濞以即山(shan)鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，富埒天子，鄧通以蜀之銅山(shan)鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)財過(guo)王者。然錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)為(wei)“半兩”而(er)(er)無(wu)輪廓，故吳(wu)鄧之錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布(bu)滿天下(xia)。且縣官可(ke)以鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，民(min)(min)亦間盜鑄(zhu)(zhu)，于是錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益輕薄(bo)。乃令(ling)縣官銷半兩錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，更鑄(zhu)(zhu)三銖，文(wen)如其(qi)(qi)(qi)重(zhong)。以三銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)輕，易(yi)奸(jian)詐，乃更鑄(zhu)(zhu)五銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，周(zhou)郭其(qi)(qi)(qi)下(xia)，令(ling)不可(ke)摩取(qu)镕焉。

鑄造

民多奸鑄(zhu)錢(qian)，錢(qian)益多益輕，京師鑄(zhu)鐘官赤側，一(yi)當五(wu)賦(fu)，俗所(suo)謂(wei)紫(zi)紺錢(qian)。悉禁郡國勿鑄(zhu)錢(qian)，專令(ling)(ling)上林三(san)官鑄(zhu)錢(qian)，而(er)令(ling)(ling)天下非三(san)官錢(qian)不得行使(shi)。諸郡國所(suo)鑄(zhu)之(zhi)錢(qian)皆廢銷之(zhi)，輸其銅入三(san)官。孝(xiao)元帝(di)奉承大業，溫恭少(shao)欲(yu)，都(dou)內錢(qian)四(si)十萬(wan)萬(wan)，水衡錢(qian)二十五(wu)萬(wan)萬(wan)，少(shao)府(fu)錢(qian)十八萬(wan)萬(wan)，都(dou)內、水衡、少(shao)府(fu)即三(san)官錢(qian)，皆天子之(zhi)私藏也。

孝武帝更鑄(zhu)行(xing)三(san)分(fen)(fen)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。王(wang)莽居攝，變漢制，更鑄(zhu)大(da)(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，徑(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)二(er)分(fen)(fen)，重(zhong)十二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“大(da)(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)五十”。又造契(qi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)、錯刀(dao)(dao)(dao)，其(qi)環(huan)如大(da)(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，身形如刀(dao)(dao)(dao)，長二(er)寸(cun)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“契(qi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)五百”，錯刀(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)黃金(jin)錯，其(qi)文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)值(zhi)五千”，與五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)凡四品并(bing)行(xing)于世。莽纂位(wei)，忌惡劉氏，以(yi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)(wen)有金(jin)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)，故乃罷錯刀(dao)(dao)(dao)、契(qi)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)及(ji)五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，而更作金(jin)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、龜貝(bei)、錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)品，名曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“寶貨”。小錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)徑(jing)六(liu)(liu)分(fen)(fen)，重(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“小錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)值(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)”；次(ci)(ci)徑(jing)七(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)，重(zhong)三(san)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“么錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)十”；又次(ci)(ci)徑(jing)八分(fen)(fen)，重(zhong)五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“幼(you)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)二(er)十”；又次(ci)(ci)徑(jing)九(jiu)分(fen)(fen)，重(zhong)七(qi)(qi)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“中錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)三(san)十”；又次(ci)(ci)徑(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)，重(zhong)九(jiu)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“壯(zhuang)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四十”；及(ji)十二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)大(da)(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。是(shi)為錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)貨六(liu)(liu)品，其(qi)值(zhi)各(ge)如其(qi)文(wen)(wen)。又鑄(zhu)大(da)(da)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、次(ci)(ci)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、弟布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、壯(zhuang)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、中布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、差(cha)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、厚布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、幼(you)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、么布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)、小布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。小布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)長一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸(cun)五分(fen)(fen)，重(zhong)十五銖(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“小布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)百”。

自小布(bu)以上，各(ge)相(xiang)長一分(fen)(fen)，相(xiang)重一銖，文名為其布(bu)名，值各(ge)加(jia)一百(bai)。上至大布(bu)，長二寸四分(fen)(fen)，重一兩，而(er)值千錢(qian)(qian)(qian)矣。是為布(bu)十品，皆為銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鑄，遂廢漢(han)(han)之五(wu)銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。東漢(han)(han)馬援為虎賁中郎(lang)將，親對光武申述(shu)，求復五(wu)銖，乃(nai)從之，遂鑄五(wu)銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。后漢(han)(han)公孫述(shu)廢銅(tong)(tong)(tong)，置鐵官錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。及董卓為逆，壞五(wu)銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，更鑄小錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，而(er)無輪郭(guo)。悉取洛陽、西安之銅(tong)(tong)(tong)人，鐘虛(xu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)馬之屬充鑄焉。孫權嘉平五(wu)年，鑄大錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，一當五(wu)百(bai)。赤烏元年'又(you)(you)鑄當千錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。晉元帝(di)過江，用孫氏舊錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，輕重雜行，大者(zhe)謂(wei)(wei)之比輪，中者(zhe)謂(wei)(wei)之四文。吳興(xing)沈(shen)充又(you)(you)鑄小錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，謂(wei)(wei)之沈(shen)郎(lang)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。

宋代

至六朝，宋元(yuan)祖即位(wei)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)二銖錢(qian)(qian)，形式轉細。官(guan)錢(qian)(qian)每出，民間即模效私(si)鑄(zhu)(zhu)，而大小厚薄皆(jie)不及。太宗明帝景和元(yuan)年春，鑄(zhu)(zhu)二銖錢(qian)(qian)。民益(yi)私(si)鑄(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)，由是千錢(qian)(qian)長不盈三寸，謂(wei)之(zhi)鵝眼(yan)錢(qian)(qian)。劣(lie)于(yu)此者(zhe)謂(wei)之(zhi)綖(yan)環，貫(guan)之(zhi)以(yi)縷，入水不沉，隨手破(po)碎，市井不欲流行，數十萬錢(qian)(qian)不盈一掬。十一月乃罷二銖錢(qian)(qian)，禁鵝眼(yan)、綖(yan)環等錢(qian)(qian)，余皆(jie)用之(zhi)。

梁(liang)敬帝(di)太平二年(nian)四月，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)四柱錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，一(yi)(yi)準(zhun)二十，后又改(gai)曰“柱錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)準(zhun)十”。南史曹武在雍州致見錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)七千萬，皆為厚(hou)輪(lun)大(da)廓(kuo)。魏所用之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，民多私鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，日(ri)就薄(bo)小(xiao)，乃(nai)(nai)至風飄水(shui)浮。楊侃鎮(zhen)雍州，聽民與官共鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五(wu)銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，復上書申請(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)。孝莊帝(di)從之(zhi)(zhi)。乃(nai)(nai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五(wu)銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，并(bing)古錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，不限大(da)小(xiao)，悉聽行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)。雞眼、環(huan)依律而禁(jin)，并(bing)以(yi)京都銅像(xiang)毀以(yi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，世號(hao)曰“河陽錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”。周武帝(di)更鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，文曰“布泉”，以(yi)一(yi)(yi)當(dang)五(wu)，與五(wu)銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)并(bing)行(xing)。更鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五(wu)行(xing)大(da)布錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)一(yi)(yi)當(dang)十，與布泉錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)并(bing)行(xing)。至宣武帝(di)大(da)象元(yuan)年(nian)十一(yi)(yi)月，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)永通萬國錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)一(yi)(yi)當(dang)十，與五(wu)行(xing)大(da)布錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)并(bing)行(xing)。

發展

隋時(shi)(shi)，巨奸大猾(hua)遂多(duo)私鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，益薄惡(e)。初每千(qian)猶重二斤，后漸輕至一斤，或剪鐵繅裁(cai)皮糊紙以為錢(qian)(qian)，相雜用之(zhi)。唐時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)江淮錢(qian)(qian)尤濫惡(e)，有官爐、偏(pian)爐、積錢(qian)(qian)、時(shi)(shi)錢(qian)(qian)數色。高祖武德初鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)開通(tong)(tong)錢(qian)(qian)，仰篆(zhuan)隸(li)八(ba)分體，十(shi)文重一兩，為開通(tong)(tong)元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)。第(di)五琦請鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)乾元(yuan)(yuan)重寶(bao)錢(qian)(qian)，以一代十(shi)。既當國(guo)，又鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)重規錢(qian)(qian)五十(shi)。及史思明僭號，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)順天得一錢(qian)(qian)。宋太(tai)宗改元(yuan)(yuan)為太(tai)平興國(guo)，更鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)太(tai)平通(tong)(tong)寶(bao)。淳化后改鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，又親書淳化元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)，作真行草三體。后改元(yuan)(yuan)更鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，皆(jie)曰元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)。復而冠以年號，至是改元(yuan)(yuan)，則曰宋通(tong)(tong)元(yuan)(yuan)寶(bao)。

太宗(zong)皇帝(di)大觀元年(nian)，首鑄御書(shu)(shu)當(dang)十錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)京畿瀘之(zhi)(zhi)復鑄烏背瀘銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，詔(zhao)以(yi)剪銅(tong)式，頒行諸州。前世鑄錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)未有(you)草書(shu)(shu)者(zhe)，始以(yi)宸翰(han)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)，既成，以(yi)賜近(jin)臣。蜀人更私(si)為(wei)(wei)鐵錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，仁(ren)宗(zong)特命(ming)以(yi)皇宋通(tong)寶為(wei)(wei)文(wen)。慶歷(li)以(yi)后，冠以(yi)年(nian)號(hao)，如舊神(shen)宗(zong)熙寧六(liu)年(nian)十月(yue)行折二錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。高宗(zong)更毀民私(si)鑄之(zhi)(zhi)毛錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。南(nan)宋之(zhi)(zhi)季，中(zhong)國之(zhi)(zhi)北部為(wei)(wei)遼金(jin)所(suo)占據者(zhe)多(duo)年(nian)，因之(zhi)(zhi)遼金(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)流人中(zhong)國者(zhe)甚多(duo)，且鑄造均(jun)(jun)(jun)極(ji)精良(liang)如遼太祖耶律(lv)阿(a)保機(ji)所(suo)鑄之(zhi)(zhi)夭(yao)顯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、天(tian)贊(zan)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，形式文(wen)字(zi)均(jun)(jun)(jun)極(ji)精妙，金(jin)海(hai)陵王所(suo)鑄之(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)隆錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、世宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)大定錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，亦均(jun)(jun)(jun)佳美。《金(jin)史》謂其(qi)中(zhong)有(you)銀(yin)，或不(bu)虛也(ye)。元朝(chao)入主中(zhong)國，改鑄大錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以(yi)前各代之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)體式均(jun)(jun)(jun)小．不(bu)受人民歡迎，遂漸淘汰。惟至元之(zhi)(zhi)末(mo)，國用不(bu)給(gei)，創行權鈔，即(ji)(ji)于銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)右，書(shu)(shu)明權鈔二字(zi)，其(qi)左(zuo)方書(shu)(shu)明幾(ji)兩幾(ji)分字(zi)樣，即(ji)(ji)此(ci)一枚銅(tong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，權作銀(yin)若干，亦即(ji)(ji)當(dang)十當(dang)百之(zhi)(zhi)同意(yi)也(ye)。