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黃橋戰(zhan)役，共殲國(guo)民黨(dang)頑(wan)固派(pai)韓德勤部1.1萬余(yu)人(ren)，其中俘3800余(yu)名。奠定了(le)蘇北抗日(ri)根據地的堅實(shi)基礎，打開了(le)華中抗戰(zhan)的新局面(mian)。

戰役背景

1940年春(chun)，堅持消極(ji)(ji)抗(kang)日(ri)、積(ji)極(ji)(ji)反(fan)共(gong)(gong)政策的(de)(de)(de)(de)國民黨頑(wan)固派在(zai)第(di)(di)(di)一次反(fan)共(gong)(gong)高潮(chao)被打(da)(da)退(tui)后，密令(ling)第(di)(di)(di)3、第(di)(di)(di)5戰區(qu)(qu)和魯蘇(su)戰區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，大舉進(jin)攻華中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新四(si)軍(jun)(jun)。6月(yue)，新四(si)軍(jun)(jun)江南(nan)(nan)(nan)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揮(hui)部(bu)(bu)根據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央5月(yue)4日(ri)關于放(fang)手發(fa)展(zhan)抗(kang)日(ri)力量，抵(di)抗(kang)反(fan)共(gong)(gong)頑(wan)固派進(jin)攻的(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)(shi)，為(wei)(wei)執行(xing)獨立(li)(li)自(zi)主開辟蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)、發(fa)展(zhan)華中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)敵后抗(kang)戰的(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略任(ren)務，率(lv)所屬(shu)主力北(bei)(bei)渡長江，于7月(yue)初(chu)挺進(jin)蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)。下旬，遵照中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)(shi)，組(zu)建新四(si)軍(jun)(jun)蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揮(hui)部(bu)(bu)，陳毅(yi)、粟裕分任(ren)正副(fu)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揮(hui)，下轄第(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)2、第(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)9個團(tuan)，共(gong)(gong)7000余人。為(wei)(wei)建立(li)(li)以黃橋為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)日(ri)根據地(di)，蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揮(hui)部(bu)(bu)所屬(shu)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)隨即東進(jin)黃橋地(di)區(qu)(qu)。8月(yue)，為(wei)(wei)策應(ying)新四(si)軍(jun)(jun)發(fa)展(zhan)蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)，八路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)5縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)東進(jin)淮(huai)（陰）海（州）地(di)區(qu)(qu)，形成南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)配合、打(da)(da)開蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)抗(kang)戰局面的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)利態勢。國民黨軍(jun)(jun)魯蘇(su)戰區(qu)(qu)副(fu)總司令(ling)兼(jian)江蘇(su)省(sheng)主席(xi)韓德(de)勤，自(zi)詡(xu)擁(yong)兵(bing)10萬，視新四(si)軍(jun)(jun)蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)為(wei)(wei)心腹之患，企(qi)圖(tu)先集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兵(bing)力進(jin)攻黃橋，消滅或驅逐(zhu)立(li)(li)足未穩的(de)(de)(de)(de)新四(si)軍(jun)(jun)蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)，然后移兵(bing)北(bei)(bei)上，殲(jian)擊南(nan)(nan)(nan)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)八路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)5縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)。蘇(su)北(bei)(bei)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揮(hui)部(bu)(bu)堅持有(you)理、有(you)利、有(you)節的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)衛(wei)立(li)(li)場(chang)，在(zai)八路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)5縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配合下，積(ji)極(ji)(ji)做好(hao)迎擊韓德(de)勤部(bu)(bu)進(jin)攻的(de)(de)(de)(de)準備(bei)，并靈活運用(yong)斗爭策略，爭取了駐泰州地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)魯蘇(su)皖邊區(qu)(qu)游擊軍(jun)(jun)李(li)明揚、李(li)長江部(bu)(bu)和曲塘一帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)稅警(jing)總團(tuan)陳泰運部(bu)(bu)保持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)立(li)(li)。

戰役過程

1940年9月(yue)初，韓(han)(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)兩路(lu)(lu)向南(nan)進(jin)攻(gong)(gong)。新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)被(bei)迫自衛反擊(ji)，首(shou)戰(zhan)(zhan)營溪，殲(jian)其(qi)先(xian)頭保(bao)(bao)安第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1旅(lv)(lv)(lv)2個(ge)團(tuan)，進(jin)而(er)攻(gong)(gong)取(qu)姜(jiang)堰(yan)，殲(jian)守(shou)(shou)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)千余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，并繼(ji)續向韓(han)(han)德勤(qin)呼吁停止內戰(zhan)(zhan)，團(tuan)結抗日(ri)(ri)。韓(han)(han)德勤(qin)則以(yi)新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)必(bi)須(xu)退(tui)出姜(jiang)堰(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)借口(kou)相(xiang)要挾。蘇北(bei)指揮(hui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)顧全(quan)抗戰(zhan)(zhan)大(da)局(ju)，慨然允(yun)諾，讓出姜(jiang)堰(yan)，由(you)李(li)(li)(li)明(ming)(ming)揚(yang)(yang)、李(li)(li)(li)長(chang)江(jiang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)接防，還主(zhu)動送給(gei)陳(chen)泰運(yun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)槍械，進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)爭取(qu)了(le)李(li)(li)(li)、陳(chen)，使韓(han)(han)德勤(qin)更加孤立。然而(er)韓(han)(han)德勤(qin)自恃兵(bing)多糧(liang)足、裝備精(jing)良，以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)退(tui)出姜(jiang)堰(yan)是膽怯，令(ling)其(qi)主(zhu)力(li)(li)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)（轄第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)33、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)117師(shi)）和獨(du)立第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6旅(lv)(lv)(lv)共(gong)1.5萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，從海(hai)安、曲(qu)塘一(yi)線進(jin)攻(gong)(gong)黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)；李(li)(li)(li)明(ming)(ming)揚(yang)(yang)、陳(chen)泰運(yun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)右路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，5個(ge)保(bao)(bao)安旅(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)左路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，向黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)兩翼夾(jia)擊(ji)，其(qi)進(jin)攻(gong)(gong)總兵(bing)力(li)(li)達26個(ge)團(tuan)3萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，企圖(tu)(tu)于黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)地區聚殲(jian)新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蘇北(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)。蘇北(bei)指揮(hui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鑒(jian)于決(jue)戰(zhan)(zhan)不可避免，決(jue)定集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兵(bing)力(li)(li)，采取(qu)誘其(qi)深入、各(ge)個(ge)擊(ji)破的(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)法，于運(yun)動中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)殲(jian)擊(ji)韓(han)(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。據此，部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)署第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)堅守(shou)(shou)黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)；第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)隱蔽(bi)集(ji)結于黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)西北(bei)地區，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)突擊(ji)力(li)(li)量。10月(yue)4日(ri)(ri)，韓(han)(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)33師(shi)由(you)分(fen)界(jie)直撲黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)前沿陣地，實施猛烈(lie)攻(gong)(gong)擊(ji)，一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)突入東(dong)(dong)門。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)頑(wan)強反擊(ji)，予以(yi)殺(sha)傷，將(jiang)其(qi)逐(zhu)出。韓(han)(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)率第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)117師(shi)經(jing)古溪進(jin)至(zhi)野屋基、何家塘一(yi)線；獨(du)立第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6旅(lv)(lv)(lv)經(jing)高橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)南(nan)進(jin)，企圖(tu)(tu)襲擊(ji)黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)側背。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)適(shi)時勇猛出擊(ji)，一(yi)舉將(jiang)開進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)獨(du)立第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6旅(lv)(lv)(lv)分(fen)割包(bao)圍于高橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)一(yi)帶，經(jing)3小時激戰(zhan)(zhan)，全(quan)殲(jian)該(gai)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)。4日(ri)(ri)午夜，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)經(jing)八(ba)字橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)插到分(fen)界(jie)，切斷(duan)了(le)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)退(tui)路(lu)(lu)，協同第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)形成三面夾(jia)擊(ji)，將(jiang)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主(zhu)力(li)(li)分(fen)割包(bao)圍于黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)地區。5日(ri)(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)午，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)4團(tuan)首(shou)先(xian)攻(gong)(gong)擊(ji)其(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1團(tuan)主(zhu)力(li)(li)隨后勇猛出擊(ji)，各(ge)縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)旋即緊縮(suo)包(bao)圍，奮勇沖殺(sha)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)李(li)(li)(li)守(shou)(shou)維在逃(tao)跑中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)落水斃命。經(jing)火(huo)線喊話，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)89軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)官兵(bing)紛紛繳械，主(zhu)力(li)(li)于當晚被(bei)殲(jian)。6日(ri)(ri)，第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)又追殲(jian)該(gai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)余(yu)(yu)(yu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)于營溪，乘勝攻(gong)(gong)占海(hai)安、東(dong)(dong)臺等地。韓(han)(han)德勤(qin)率殘部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)千余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)向興化潰敗(bai)。左路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)各(ge)保(bao)(bao)安旅(lv)(lv)(lv)團(tuan)陳(chen)兵(bing)運(yun)糧(liang)河東(dong)(dong)西之線，頻頻查詢戰(zhan)(zhan)況，企圖(tu)(tu)坐收漁利(li)(li)的(de)李(li)(li)(li)明(ming)(ming)揚(yang)(yang)、李(li)(li)(li)長(chang)江(jiang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)和陳(chen)泰運(yun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亦隨之撤退(tui)。與此同時，八(ba)路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)由(you)漣水東(dong)(dong)進(jin)，攻(gong)(gong)占阜寧、東(dong)(dong)溝(gou)、益林，殲(jian)韓(han)(han)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)保(bao)(bao)安旅(lv)(lv)(lv)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)后，直下(xia)鹽城(cheng)。10月(yue)10日(ri)(ri)，新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蘇北(bei)指揮(hui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所(suo)屬第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)前鋒與八(ba)路(lu)(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)隊(dui)先(xian)頭部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)，于東(dong)(dong)臺以(yi)北(bei)的(de)白駒(ju)鎮勝利(li)(li)會師(shi)。黃橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)戰(zhan)(zhan)役期間(jian)，當地人(ren)(ren)民(min)群眾在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)蘇北(bei)區委領導下(xia)，積極支援新(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)，對保(bao)(bao)證戰(zhan)(zhan)役的(de)勝利(li)(li)起了(le)重要作(zuo)用。此役，共(gong)殲(jian)國民(min)黨頑(wan)固派韓(han)(han)德勤(qin)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)1.1萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俘3800余(yu)(yu)(yu)名。

戰爭影響

黃(huang)橋戰役的(de)勝(sheng)利，奠定(ding)了(le)蘇北(bei)抗(kang)日根據地(di)的(de)堅實(shi)基礎，打開了(le)華(hua)中抗(kang)戰的(de)新局面。