芒果视频下载

基本介紹

為(wei)膜翅目(mu)，胡蜂科。體長竟達(da)40毫米(mi)，是世界上(shang)最(zui)大(da)的(de)胡蜂。頭(tou)部：寬較(jiao)胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)部窄，但(dan)略寬于前胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)背(bei)(bei)板(ban)(ban)前緣(yuan)(yuan)；胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)部：前胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)背(bei)(bei)板(ban)(ban)前緣(yuan)(yuan)中央略隆起(qi)，被中胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)背(bei)(bei)板(ban)(ban)端(duan)部分開，肩角(jiao)明顯，前緣(yuan)(yuan)兩側(ce)黃(huang)棕色(se)(se)，其余(yu)均呈黑褐色(se)(se)，但(dan)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)個體肩角(jiao)處各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)1棕色(se)(se)斑(ban)，刻(ke)點幾無，但(dan)布(bu)有(you)(you)(you)棕色(se)(se)毛(mao)。腹(fu)部：除第6節(jie)(jie)背(bei)(bei)、腹(fu)板(ban)(ban)全呈橙黃(huang)色(se)(se)外，其余(yu)各(ge)節(jie)(jie)背(bei)(bei)板(ban)(ban)均為(wei)棕黃(huang)色(se)(se)與(yu)黑褐色(se)(se)相間。捕食(shi)多(duo)種昆蟲，在生物(wu)防(fang)治上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)大(da)利用價值，同時(shi)亦會吸食(shi)成熟(shu)水果(guo)，帶(dai)來(lai)一定害(hai)處。屬(shu)東(dong)洋、古北區系(xi)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)種。

生長與分布

屬東洋、古北區系(xi)共有種。

國內(nei)分布面較廣(guang)，北起吉(ji)林(lin)（長白山），南(nan)至臺灣(wan)及廣(guang)東(dong)、廣(guang)西(xi)、云南(nan)南(nan)緣，東(dong)接國境(jing)線，西(xi)向沿遼(liao)寧、河(he)北、山西(xi)、陜西(xi)（延(yan)安）、甘肅（慶陽、隴(long)南(nan)地(di)區）西(xi)斜，折入(ru)四川、云南(nan)，止于盆(pen)地(di)西(xi)緣和(he)橫斷山系東(dong)側，是胡蜂(feng)科中常見(jian)種類之一。

國(guo)(guo)外分布(bu)于朝鮮、日本（北海道(dao)一九(jiu)州）及歐洲（法國(guo)(guo)）。

形態及特征

雌蜂

頭部(bu)(bu)：寬較胸部(bu)(bu)窄，但(dan)略(lve)寬于(yu)前胸背板前緣(yuan)(yuan)。兩(liang)觸角(jiao)(jiao)窩(wo)之(zhi)間三(san)(san)角(jiao)(jiao)狀平面隆(long)起(qi)，隆(long)起(qi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)伸達唇(chun)基基部(bu)(bu)，額溝明顯，整個頭部(bu)(bu)桔(jie)黃色(se)(se)，額部(bu)(bu)及頰部(bu)(bu)較稀(xi)的(de)布(bu)有(you)淺刻(ke)點，僅沿后頭邊(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)布(bu)有(you)棕色(se)(se)毛，頰部(bu)(bu)寬，棕色(se)(se)單眼呈倒三(san)(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)排列于(yu)兩(liang)復眼頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)之(zhi)間，每個單眼周圍略(lve)呈黑色(se)(se)。觸角(jiao)(jiao)支角(jiao)(jiao)突(tu)深棕色(se)(se)，柄節棕黃色(se)(se)，鞭節黑色(se)(se)，唯基部(bu)(bu)數節的(de)腹面及端(duan)(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)數節呈銹色(se)(se)。唇(chun)基略(lve)隆(long)起(qi)，寬大于(yu)高，全呈桔(jie)黃色(se)(se)，密(mi)布(bu)刻(ke)點，沿端(duan)(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)布(bu)有(you)棕色(se)(se)毛，基部(bu)(bu)中(zhong)央凹(ao)陷(xian)，端(duan)(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)兩(liang)側(ce)齒狀突(tu)起(qi)。上(shang)顎基部(bu)(bu)寬，近三(san)(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)，桔(jie)黃色(se)(se)，端(duan)(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)處呈黑色(se)(se)，端(duan)(duan)(duan)部(bu)(bu)下半部(bu)(bu)有(you)3個齒，上(shang)半部(bu)(bu)刃(ren)狀，最上(shang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)有(you)1短(duan)(duan)齒，上(shang)顎布(bu)有(you)刻(ke)點和(he)極(ji)短(duan)(duan)的(de)毛。頰部(bu)(bu)明顯超過復限寬。

胸(xiong)部(bu)(bu)：前(qian)(qian)胸(xiong)背(bei)板前(qian)(qian)緣中(zhong)央(yang)略隆(long)(long)起，被中(zhong)胸(xiong)背(bei)板端部(bu)(bu)分開，肩角明顯，前(qian)(qian)緣兩側(ce)黃棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)，其余均(jun)呈(cheng)(cheng)黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，但(dan)(dan)有(you)的(de)(de)個(ge)體(ti)肩角處(chu)各(ge)有(you)1棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)斑(ban)(ban)，刻點(dian)(dian)幾無(wu)，但(dan)(dan)布(bu)有(you)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)毛(mao)(mao)。中(zhong)胸(xiong)背(bei)板略隆(long)(long)起，中(zhong)央(yang)有(you)細(xi)縱(zong)隆(long)(long)線，刻點(dian)(dian)細(xi)淺(qian)而稀(xi)，布(bu)有(you)稀(xi)的(de)(de)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)毛(mao)(mao)，全(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，但(dan)(dan)有(you)些個(ge)體(ti)于前(qian)(qian)緣兩側(ce)及(ji)(ji)近(jin)翅(chi)基(ji)片處(chu)各(ge)有(you)l條狀(zhuang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)斑(ban)(ban)。小盾片矩形，略隆(long)(long)起，光(guang)(guang)滑，稀(xi)布(bu)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)毛(mao)(mao)，全(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，或棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)。后(hou)小盾片向下垂直(zhi)，五(wu)邊形，端部(bu)(bu)突出，光(guang)(guang)滑、無(wu)刻點(dian)(dian)，稀(xi)布(bu)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)毛(mao)(mao)，全(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，有(you)時于兩側(ce)各(ge)有(you)1點(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)斑(ban)(ban)。并胸(xiong)腹節(jie)全(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，稀(xi)布(bu)淺(qian)刻點(dian)(dian)，布(bu)有(you)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)毛(mao)(mao)，中(zhong)央(yang)自(zi)淺(qian)溝，背(bei)面平(ping)。中(zhong)胸(xiong)側(ce)板黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，布(bu)有(you)淺(qian)刻點(dian)(dian)及(ji)(ji)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)毛(mao)(mao)。后(hou)胸(xiong)側(ce)板黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，光(guang)(guang)滑、無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)及(ji)(ji)刻點(dian)(dian)。翅(chi)基(ji)片棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)，內(nei)緣色(se)暗，光(guang)(guang)滑，后(hou)緣稀(xi)布(bu)短毛(mao)(mao)。翅(chi)呈(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)，前(qian)(qian)翅(chi)前(qian)(qian)緣色(se)略深。前(qian)(qian)、中(zhong)、后(hou)足之各(ge)節(jie)均(jun)呈(cheng)(cheng)黑褐(he)(he)(he)色(se)，僅膝(xi)部(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)前(qian)(qian)足脛節(jie)背(bei)面呈(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)色(se)。爪光(guang)(guang)滑無(wu)齒。

腹(fu)部(bu)：除第6節(jie)背(bei)、腹(fu)板(ban)(ban)全(quan)呈橙(cheng)黃色(se)(se)(se)外(wai)，其余各節(jie)背(bei)板(ban)(ban)均(jun)為棕(zong)黃色(se)(se)(se)與(yu)(yu)黑(hei)褐色(se)(se)(se)相間(jian)。第1節(jie)腹(fu)板(ban)(ban)全(quan)呈黑(hei)褐色(se)(se)(se)，第2至5節(jie)腹(fu)板(ban)(ban)均(jun)為黑(hei)褐色(se)(se)(se)，僅于(yu)端部(bu)確1棕(zong)黃色(se)(se)(se)窄(zhai)帶(dai)。第1節(jie)背(bei)板(ban)(ban)與(yu)(yu)第2節(jie)背(bei)板(ban)(ban)兩端橙(cheng)色(se)(se)(se)，中間(jian)黑(hei)褐色(se)(se)(se)。第3至5節(jie)背(bei)板(ban)(ban)僅于(yu)端部(bu)邊緣為橙(cheng)色(se)(se)(se)，基(ji)部(bu)為黑(hei)褐色(se)(se)(se)，兩色(se)(se)(se)橫(heng)帶(dai)相間(jian)之(zhi)寬窄(zhai)，個(ge)體間(jian)常(chang)略有(you)差異。各節(jie)均(jun)較光滑，僅能略見淺細(xi)的刻(ke)點，均(jun)布有(you)棕(zong)色(se)(se)(se)毛。

體長約30至40毫米。職蜂(feng)較(jiao)小。

雄蜂

近似于(yu)雌蜂。棕(zong)色(se)毛(mao)較密，體上常(chang)有些棕(zong)色(se)斑(ban)。

體長34毫米。

價值及其他

經濟價值

捕食多種(zhong)昆蟲，在生(sheng)物(wu)防治上有較大利用價值，同時亦(yi)會吸(xi)食成(cheng)熟水果，帶(dai)來一定害處。

獵物

鱗翅目幼蟲。