劉秉璋(1826~1905),晚清(qing)重臣,淮軍(jun)名(ming)將。字仲良,安徽廬江(jiang)(jiang)人。胸懷大(da)志,青年(nian)中(zhong)舉成名(ming),由(you)于國家(jia)動亂,由(you)翰(han)林(lin)院(yuan)編修而入(ru)軍(jun)幕,投筆從戎,平(ping)吳剿捻后逐步(bu)成長為一名(ming)封建官吏。中(zhong)法戰爭(zheng)期間,力抗外侮(wu),指揮(hui)了(le)著名(ming)的“鎮海(hai)之役(yi)”,維(wei)護了(le)國家(jia)尊嚴。督蜀十(shi)(shi)年(nian),勤政廉潔,用竹(zhu)籠古法維(wei)修都(dou)江(jiang)(jiang)堰水利(li)工(gong)程,造福(fu)百姓(xing)。在“成都(dou)教(jiao)(jiao)案”中(zhong)維(wei)護民族利(li)益,清(qing)廷罷其(qi)職(zhi)。一生淡泊名(ming)利(li),卻十(shi)(shi)分(fen)重視教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu),為家(jia)鄉(xiang)捐建了(le)三樂堂書院(yuan)、南京廬江(jiang)(jiang)試館,培(pei)養了(le)一大(da)批有(you)用之材(cai)。
劉秉璋(zhang)(1826~1905),字仲良,安徽(hui)省廬江縣礬山鎮劉墩村人(明永樂間劉秉璋(zhang)祖(zu)先遷(qian)此定(ding)居,改(gai)此地為(wei)劉家墩,后(hou)1983年(nian)(nian)地名普查時改(gai)名劉墩),農民家庭,自幼讀書(shu)。咸(xian)豐十年(nian)(nian)(1860年(nian)(nian)),中進士,選(xuan)為(wei)庶吉士,授(shou)編修。
同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元年(nian)(nian)(1862年(nian)(nian)),太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)占(zhan)據(ju)江寧,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)隨欽(qin)差大臣張(zhang)芾(fei)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)至皖南,常(chang)(chang)為其籌(chou)劃進剿之(zhi)(zhi)策(ce),深得(de)李(li)(li)鴻章(zhang)贊賞。李(li)(li)鴻章(zhang)任江蘇巡撫,移軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)上(shang)海,鎮(zhen)壓(ya)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)時(shi),即(ji)奏調劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)于(yu)帳下。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)遂(sui)入淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。時(shi)上(shang)海駐有英(ying)人(ren)戈登訓練的常(chang)(chang)勝(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),見(jian)淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)裝(zhuang)備低劣,服飾又(you)差,皆笑而侮之(zhi)(zhi)。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)對諸(zhu)將(jiang)士說:“此不足病也,顧吾曹能戰(zhan)(zhan)否耳(er)!”后經數戰(zhan)(zhan),淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)勇敢,常(chang)(chang)獲大捷,深得(de)常(chang)(chang)勝(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)飲佩,并(bing)(bing)積(ji)極配合(he)淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)鎮(zhen)壓(ya)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二年(nian)(nian),太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)攻(gong)占(zhan)福山,進圍(wei)(wei)(wei)常(chang)(chang)熟,形勢(shi)(shi)(shi)危(wei)急(ji)。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)會(hui)同(tong)(tong)潘鼎新、劉(liu)(liu)銘傳諸(zhu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)進攻(gong)福山,以(yi)(yi)救常(chang)(chang)熟,并(bing)(bing)約常(chang)(chang)勝(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)大炮轟(hong)擊太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)營。太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)遂(sui)解(jie)常(chang)(chang)熟之(zhi)(zhi)圍(wei)(wei)(wei),回軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)福山。不久太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)攻(gong)占(zhan)浙(zhe)西各郡,危(wei)及江蘇,李(li)(li)鴻章(zhang)急(ji)令劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)自募一軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),進圍(wei)(wei)(wei)嘉(jia)(jia)善(shan)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)水(shui)陸(lu)要沖的楓涇(jing)(jing)(jing)、西塘筑石(shi)為壘(lei)(lei),遣(qian)數萬人(ren)防(fang)守(shou),與(yu)嘉(jia)(jia)善(shan)成犄角之(zhi)(zhi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi),構成嚴(yan)密防(fang)御(yu)陣勢(shi)(shi)(shi)。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率6000余人(ren),以(yi)(yi)吳長(chang)慶(qing)、況文榜、王(wang)占(zhan)魁為將(jiang),逼(bi)壘(lei)(lei)而營。先集中(zhong)兵(bing)力(li)攻(gong)破西塘,而后乘勢(shi)(shi)(shi)前進,攻(gong)占(zhan)楓涇(jing)(jing)(jing),并(bing)(bing)擊敗太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)從(cong)嘉(jia)(jia)興(xing)、平(ping)(ping)湖、乍(zha)浦等地(di)前來(lai)的數萬援軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。因鎮(zhen)壓(ya)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有功,清(qing)廷(ting)降(jiang)旨(zhi)嘉(jia)(jia)獎,以(yi)(yi)侍講遇(yu)缺題奏。太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)雖累敗,但仍(reng)以(yi)(yi)張(zhang)涇(jing)(jing)(jing)匯(hui)(hui)為護衛(wei),據(ju)守(shou)嘉(jia)(jia)善(shan)。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)約太(tai)(tai)(tai)湖師船,水(shui)陸(lu)夾擊張(zhang)涇(jing)(jing)(jing)匯(hui)(hui)。嘉(jia)(jia)善(shan)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)來(lai)援,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)憑河(he)督(du)戰(zhan)(zhan),腿(tui)受槍傷,不后退。士卒鳧濠直進,將(jiang)張(zhang)涇(jing)(jing)(jing)匯(hui)(hui)攻(gong)破。嘉(jia)(jia)善(shan)及平(ping)(ping)湖、乍(zha)浦等地(di)亦被克復。同(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三年(nian)(nian)七月,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)會(hui)同(tong)(tong)總兵(bing)程啟學(xue)進攻(gong)嘉(jia)(jia)興(xing),盡毀城外太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)營壘(lei)(lei)。他肉搏(bo)登城,晝夜仰攻(gong),擲火(huo)焚城中(zhong)火(huo)藥庫,將(jiang)城攻(gong)破,殺害榮王(wang)廖發(fa)壽、挺王(wang)劉(liu)(liu)德功,清(qing)廷(ting)降(jiang)旨(zhi)賞戴花翎。繼而進攻(gong)湖州,攻(gong)占(zhan)吳溇(lou)、南澤,連戰(zhan)(zhan)皆捷,將(jiang)浙(zhe)西太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)肅(su)清(qing)。因劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)嚴(yan)整,親冒矢(shi)石(shi),清(qing)廷(ting)降(jiang)旨(zhi)賞振勇巴圖魯名(ming)號(hao),遇(yu)有應(ying)升之(zhi)(zhi)缺,開列(lie)在(zai)前。十月,補右(you)春坊右(you)庶子(zi)(zi),旋(xuan)轉正庶子(zi)(zi)。復升侍講學(xue)士。
同治(zhi)四(si)年二月(yue)(yue),捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)復熾(chi)。清廷命曾(ceng)國(guo)(guo)藩(fan)為(wei)(wei)欽(qin)差(cha)大(da)(da)臣,前往(wang)督(du)(du)剿(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。曾(ceng)國(guo)(guo)藩(fan)即奏調劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)襄辦(ban)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)務(wu)。四(si)月(yue)(yue),授(shou)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)為(wei)(wei)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇按察(cha)使,統軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)駐徐州。時捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)轉戰無定,忽(hu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)忽(hu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)難以(yi)剿(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)捕。曾(ceng)國(guo)(guo)藩(fan)、李鴻章(zhang)皆主(zhu)張將捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)驅(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一隅(yu),聚(ju)而殲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。眾認為(wei)(wei)此(ci)法(fa)不(bu)切實際,唯劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)“獨深贊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。五月(yue)(yue),捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)進(jin)攻宿(su)遷埠了鎮(zhen)、洋河(he)集,徑趨運(yun)河(he)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)遣吳(wu)長慶(qing)、王占魁夜(ye)襲其(qi)營(ying),循舊堤追擊(ji),大(da)(da)敗(bai)(bai)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)首領任(ren)(ren)柱(zhu)、賴文光(guang)與張宗(zong)禹(yu)失(shi)散(san),復折而南(nan)(nan),渡(du)澮、渦兩(liang)河(he),入懷遠(yuan)、鳳臺境。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率(lv)(lv)(lv)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)追至(zhi)蒙城(cheng),會盛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)共(gong)剿(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。七月(yue)(yue),任(ren)(ren)柱(zhu)、賴文光(guang)與張宗(zong)禹(yu)會合(he)于(yu)河(he)南(nan)(nan)石固鎮(zhen),將攻山東(dong)(dong)(dong)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率(lv)(lv)(lv)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)追至(zhi)禹(yu)城(cheng)寨(zhai),以(yi)馬隊進(jin)擊(ji),又大(da)(da)破捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)擺脫(tuo)困(kun)境,免遭(zao)全(quan)殲,分為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)。張宗(zong)禹(yu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)一部(bu)(bu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)往(wang),是為(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。任(ren)(ren)柱(zhu)、賴文光(guang)率(lv)(lv)(lv)一部(bu)(bu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)往(wang),是為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。曾(ceng)國(guo)(guo)藩(fan)將進(jin)剿(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)西(xi)(xi)(xi)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)任(ren)(ren),委于(yu)總兵(bing)(bing)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)松(song)山,命劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)與提督(du)(du)楊鼎勛等(deng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)豫(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi),以(yi)圍東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。十(shi)二月(yue)(yue),東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)轉戰入湖(hu)北,劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率(lv)(lv)(lv)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)追擊(ji),敗(bai)(bai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)德(de)安。同治(zhi)六年二月(yue)(yue),功授(shou)山西(xi)(xi)(xi)布(bu)政(zheng)(zheng)使,因(yin)(yin)剿(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)急(ji),未能到任(ren)(ren)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)德(de)安之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敗(bai)(bai)后,折入安徽霍山、太湖(hu)間(jian)(jian)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)日夜(ye)疾馳宿(su)松(song),迎頭將其(qi)擊(ji)敗(bai)(bai)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)復走湖(hu)北,自(zi)孝感小河(he)溪徑趨河(he)口鎮(zhen)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)會勛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)進(jin)擊(ji),勛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)先至(zhi)遇伏,總兵(bing)(bing)張遵道(dao)遭(zao)擊(ji)斃。東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)乘勝(sheng)而下(xia),勢不(bu)可遏。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率(lv)(lv)(lv)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)予(yu)以(yi)橫擊(ji),吳(wu)長慶(qing)、況文榜等(deng)各(ge)殊死(si)戰,東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)始(shi)潰走豫(yu)。六月(yue)(yue),李鴻章(zhang)奉旨(zhi)代曾(ceng)國(guo)(guo)藩(fan)督(du)(du)師,自(zi)歸(gui)德(de)移駐濟寧,擬采(cai)取(qu)“圍制(zhi)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)策,扼守運(yun)河(he),蹙東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)海(hai)隅(yu),進(jin)行聚(ju)殲。檄劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)速(su)赴濟寧,布(bu)置運(yun)防。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)得令,即率(lv)(lv)(lv)部(bu)(bu)屯駐運(yun)西(xi)(xi)(xi),會魯(lu)、豫(yu)、皖(wan)3省(sheng)兵(bing)(bing),并為(wei)(wei)合(he)剿(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。七月(yue)(yue),東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)敗(bai)(bai)魯(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)濰河(he),自(zi)安邱、臨(lin)朐南(nan)(nan)走,以(yi)規江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮。李鴻章(zhang)急(ji)令劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)由臺莊過河(he),會浙(zhe)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)防守清江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。八至(zhi)十(shi)一月(yue)(yue),提督(du)(du)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)銘(ming)傳、郭松(song)林等(deng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)累獲大(da)(da)捷(jie),任(ren)(ren)柱(zhu)戰歿(mo),賴文光(guang)率(lv)(lv)(lv)余騎千(qian)余,南(nan)(nan)走清江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。十(shi)二月(yue)(yue),劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)與道(dao)員李昭慶(qing),大(da)(da)敗(bai)(bai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)淮城(cheng)。賴文光(guang)率(lv)(lv)(lv)部(bu)(bu)退走高寶水鄉,遭(zao)吳(wu)毓蘭華(hua)字(zi)營(ying)襲擊(ji),全(quan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)覆沒。同治(zhi)八年,劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)家父病逝,乞歸(gui)守孝3年。十(shi)一年,服(fu)闋入都,詔授(shou)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)布(bu)政(zheng)(zheng)使。光(guang)緒元(yuan)年(1875年),升江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)巡(xun)撫。光(guang)緒六年,因(yin)(yin)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)任(ren)(ren)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)巡(xun)撫期間(jian)(jian),在(zai)平息新疆事件(jian)中,籌解甘餉(xiang),予(yu)以(yi)大(da)(da)力支持(chi),賞(shang)頭品頂(ding)帶。八年,授(shou)浙(zhe)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)巡(xun)撫。此(ci)間(jian)(jian),臺灣黃(huang)金滿(man)嘯聚(ju)海(hai)濱,結伙(huo)為(wei)(wei)匪,官(guan)兵(bing)(bing)清剿(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),他(ta)遠(yuan)逃重洋,官(guan)兵(bing)(bing)撤(che)走,則又復出。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)到任(ren)(ren)后,經過詳細偵(zhen)察(cha),發(fa)現內(nei)(nei)(nei)地多有間(jian)(jian)諜,故兵(bing)(bing)機泄露。他(ta)采(cai)取(qu)嚴(yan)辦(ban)保(bao)甲的辦(ban)法(fa),割斷(duan)其(qi)與內(nei)(nei)(nei)地的聯(lian)系。黃(huang)金滿(man)因(yin)(yin)內(nei)(nei)(nei)地坐探(tan)被除,兵(bing)(bing)機莫測,窮蹙就撫。
光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒十(shi)年(nian),法(fa)(fa)軍侵略(lve)越南事起,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)為防御法(fa)(fa)軍入(ru)侵中(zhong)國,遂親巡海(hai)(hai)口(kou)沿岸,筑長墻綿亙數十(shi)里,置(zhi)地(di)雷,封海(hai)(hai)口(kou),令所有兵輪(lun)加強(qiang)戒備。光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)一(yi)月(yue),法(fa)(fa)軍果突入(ru)蛟門,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)令炮(pao)臺(tai)守將(jiang)(jiang)守備吳(wu)杰,發巨炮(pao)將(jiang)(jiang)法(fa)(fa)艦(jian)(jian)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)退。越數日(ri),法(fa)(fa)艦(jian)(jian)復(fu)入(ru)虎(hu)蹲山北,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)令守軍迎擊(ji)(ji)(ji),發炮(pao)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)法(fa)(fa)艦(jian)(jian)煙筒(tong)和(he)后艄,法(fa)(fa)將(jiang)(jiang)迷祿中(zhong)炮(pao)身亡,大(da)敗而(er)(er)逃。法(fa)(fa)軍大(da)艦(jian)(jian)進攻受挫(cuo),則放小輪(lun)潛(qian)窺南岸,竄犯(fan)寶山口(kou),劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)令總(zong)兵錢(qian)玉(yu)興挑選驍勇(yong)之士,組成敢死隊潛(qian)伏(fu)清(qing)泉嶺下,突而(er)(er)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)之,將(jiang)(jiang)法(fa)(fa)軍打(da)得大(da)敗,擊(ji)(ji)(ji)斃和(he)落(luo)水(shui)死者不(bu)計其(qi)(qi)(qi)數。鎮海(hai)(hai)之役,計擊(ji)(ji)(ji)沉法(fa)(fa)艦(jian)(jian)一(yi)艘,重創三艘,火輪(lun)、小船多只(zhi),給侵略(lve)者以沉重的打(da)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)。自此(ci),法(fa)(fa)軍不(bu)敢再犯(fan)。事畢(bi),劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)具疏,力諫擴充海(hai)(hai)防,以備不(bu)虞。光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒十(shi)二(er)年(nian),劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)升四(si)(si)川(chuan)總(zong)督(du)。川(chuan)省幅員遼(liao)闊,外接少(shao)(shao)數民(min)族(zu)地(di)區,內多匪盜,社會極不(bu)穩(wen)定(ding)。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)到任(ren)后,先(xian)后將(jiang)(jiang)萬縣崔英(ying)河(he)、茂州(zhou)何(he)三木匠(jiang),川(chuan)北陳坤山,秀(xiu)山姚復(fu)乾等(deng)(deng)勢力平定(ding)。繼而(er)(er)采(cai)取屯田之策,安撫少(shao)(shao)數民(min)族(zu),大(da)小涼山拉布浪蟾對等(deng)(deng)少(shao)(shao)數民(min)族(zu)皆請服。光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒二(er)十(shi)年(nian)元月(yue),奉懿旨(zhi)(zhi)賞加太子少(shao)(shao)保銜并(bing)御書長壽字(zi)(zi)、福壽字(zi)(zi)和(he)如意(yi)蟒袍(pao)等(deng)(deng)件。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)剛任(ren)四(si)(si)川(chuan)總(zong)督(du)時,即奏調試用(yong)道葉毓榮、總(zong)兵錢(qian)玉(yu)興等(deng)(deng)至蜀,對其(qi)(qi)(qi)非(fei)常(chang)信(xin)任(ren)。御史(shi)鐘德祥對劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)此(ci)舉(ju),進行(xing)強(qiang)烈彈劾。清(qing)廷以濫舉(ju)非(fei)人,照溺職例,降旨(zhi)(zhi)革(ge)職留任(ren)。十(shi)月(yue),奉旨(zhi)(zhi)開缺至京,令其(qi)(qi)(qi)俟(si)新督(du)到任(ren),再行(xing)交卸。
光(guang)緒十二年(nian)(1886),劉(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)任(ren)四(si)川(chuan)總督(du),在(zai)(zai)川(chuan)先(xian)后派(pai)(pai)兵(bing)鎮壓萬縣(xian)、川(chuan)北、酉陽等地(di)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)起(qi)(qi)義,剿滅(mie)西昌地(di)區(qu)彝(yi)民(min)(min)(min)起(qi)(qi)義和藏民(min)(min)(min)起(qi)(qi)事,又一再增兵(bing)屯駐(zhu)西南(nan)邊陲,以資鎮懾。查(cha)辦遺留的(de)“重(zhong)(zhong)慶教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)案(an)”。因(yin)美(mei)(mei)、英(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)強行占(zhan)地(di)建(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)堂(tang),民(min)(min)(min)眾反(fan)(fan)對,教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)組織武裝殺(sha)傷30余人(ren),激(ji)起(qi)(qi)公憤反(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui),焚毀教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學,散(san)發傳單,揭露美(mei)(mei)、英(ying)幫助(zhu)日本侵略中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)罪行,使美(mei)(mei)、英(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)更為不(bu)(bu)滿(man),關殺(sha)兒童和民(min)(min)(min)眾。洋人(ren)踐踏中(zhong)國(guo)主權,激(ji)起(qi)(qi)川(chuan)西11縣(xian)民(min)(min)(min)眾起(qi)(qi)來反(fan)(fan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)。劉(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)在(zai)(zai)查(cha)處(chu)中(zhong),他只是逮捕亂民(min)(min)(min)石匯(hui)等,繩之(zhi)以法(fa),并(bing)殺(sha)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)紳羅元義,以泄民(min)(min)(min)憤。至是省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)城民(min)(min)(min)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)構釁(xin),各屬繼(ji)起(qi)(qi)。旬日間,教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)堂(tang)被燒10余處(chu),且蔓延到省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)外(wai)。對外(wai)國(guo)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)設立的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)堂(tang),清(qing)(qing)廷(ting)(ting)早(zao)有(you)旨(zhi)諭,令“各省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)督(du)撫(fu),嚴飭地(di)方官(guan)加意(yi)保(bao)護”。御(yu)史吳光(guang)奎奏參:“省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)城滋事之(zhi)始,劉(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)堅(jian)置不(bu)(bu)理(li),并(bing)未派(pai)(pai)兵(bing)彈(dan)壓,無業游(you)民(min)(min)(min)愈聚愈多,以致省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)外(wai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)案(an)層見累出”,加之(zhi)在(zai)(zai)處(chu)理(li)“重(zhong)(zhong)慶教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)案(an)”中(zhong),僅(jin)處(chu)死殺(sha)人(ren)兇手和鬧事首領,未鎮壓群眾,美(mei)(mei)、英(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)士不(bu)(bu)滿(man),紛紛致電總署,要求懲(cheng)辦秉(bing)璋(zhang),清(qing)(qing)廷(ting)(ting)據此(ci),并(bing)迫于英(ying)、美(mei)(mei)、法(fa)公使要挾,將劉(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)罷(ba)官(guan)歸里,以劉(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)“任(ren)意(yi)廢弛,有(you)負委任(ren)”,“著行革(ge)職(zhi),永(yong)不(bu)(bu)敘用,以示(shi)懲(cheng)儆”。光(guang)緒二十五年(nian),清(qing)(qing)廷(ting)(ting)復(fu)用劉(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang),“詔(zhao)再征之(zhi)”。劉(liu)秉(bing)璋(zhang)以疾不(bu)(bu)能赴(fu)。光(guang)緒三十一年(nian)(1905)病逝(shi)。逝(shi)后,由于兩江總督(du)周馥的(de)疏(shu)奏,清(qing)(qing)廷(ting)(ting)準其“復(fu)官(guan),予(yu)優(you)恤,建(jian)祠”。
閱兵松潘道中(zhong)作鈴轅小隊擁(yong)旌(jing)旗,嘉命(ming)恭承遠視師。馬齒六(liu)旬(xun)吾老矣,羊腸九折命(ming)驅之。層巒(luan)細入龍眠畫,秀嶺雄于(yu)太白詩(shi)。匹練懸流(liu)三百(bai)里,匡廬瀑布未云奇(qi)。
舊院習(xi)已荒,榛(zhen)蕪翳眾綠。命匠稍(shao)經營,累石(shi)間疏竹。習(xi)靜亦(yi)偶然,為迓(ya)高賢躅。詼詭語驚人,嘯歌(ge)聲滿(man)屋(wu)。賓朋亦(yi)既醉,主(zhu)人請繼燭。官(guan)樣與儒風,一齊高閣(ge)束。歡笑忽(hu)欷(xi)歔,驚心羲馭速。皓首百無成(cheng),終(zhong)須同草(cao)木。蓬蓽多窮黎(li),眾樂慚于獨。寵命忝纓組(zu),幽(you)懷寄泉谷(gu)。《道德》五千言,止足(zu)義已熟。欲(yu)乞衰朽身,鄉關馳夢轂(gu)。一壑猶能專,生平(ping)愿已足(zu)。此如傳(chuan)舍然,徒爾(er)勞(lao)板筑。新(xin)詩惠(hui)袞褒,盥手百回讀。
元龍意氣昔何如(ru),荏(ren)苒(ran)光陰付子虛。政績不(bu)(bu)登循(xun)吏傳,文章(zhang)豈有茂陵書(shu)。死猶(you)腐草螢(ying)光點,生比寒花蝶夢蘇。壯不(bu)(bu)如(ru)人今老矣,片帆東去啖鰣魚。
望見蓬廬喜欲顛,弟兄(xiong)慰(wei)問笑(xiao)喧闐。豪(hao)貲富(fu)擁(yong)書(shu)千卷,醉態狂歌詩(shi)一篇。清白(bai)差堪貽(yi)子姓(xing),燒丹何必學神仙。興來沽酒招(zhao)朋好,斫膾(kuai)烹雌(ci)足(zu)俸錢。
劉(liu)(liu)(liu)家第二(er)(er)代五(wu)兄弟(di),子承父志,后(hou)來(lai)也都曾風云(yun)過一(yi)時。老(lao)大劉(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)乾,在袁世凱當政(zheng)時官至四川省省長(宣慰使),所謂兩代人先后(hou)督蜀(shu),一(yi)時傳為(wei)美(mei)談(tan);老(lao)二(er)(er)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)仁(ren)是舉人,原在京(jing)城為(wei)官,因不愿與袁世凱合作,遂(sui)棄官回(hui)家;老(lao)三劉(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)信(xin)(聲木(mu))成為(wei)著名的(de)學者(zhe)、藏(zang)書家,他(ta)的(de)關于楚辭(ci)類的(de)藏(zang)書,被郭沫若稱為(wei)海內第一(yi)。五(wu)兄弟(di)中最負盛名者(zhe),是后(hou)來(lai)出任中國實業銀行(xing)總經(jing)理(li)的(de)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)智(zhi)(即老(lao)四晦之)。
劉晦之
劉(liu)(liu)晦之(1879~1962年)名(ming)體(ti)智,晚(wan)號善齋老(lao)人(ren)(ren),安(an)徽廬江縣礬山鎮(zhen)劉(liu)(liu)墩村(cun)人(ren)(ren),晚(wan)清重臣四川總督(du)劉(liu)(liu)秉璋之子。劉(liu)(liu)秉璋在浙江巡(xun)撫任上時(shi)(shi),正值中法戰(zhan)爭爆發。他率軍坐鎮(zhen)杭州。在戰(zhan)爭的關鍵時(shi)(shi)刻(ke),他對(dui)家(jia)人(ren)(ren)說:“萬一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)場(chang)失利,吾(wu)得對(dui)國(guo)盡忠(zhong),夫人(ren)(ren)要盡節(jie),三個(ge)兒(er)子(指老(lao)大劉(liu)(liu)體(ti)乾、老(lao)二(er)劉(liu)(liu)體(ti)仁、老(lao)三劉(liu)(liu)體(ti)信)要盡孝,小(xiao)四、小(xiao)五(wu)尚(shang)小(xiao),送(song)給李鴻章(zhang)了。”此言一(yi)(yi)出,軍中將(jiang)士無(wu)不(bu)鐵心(xin)報國(guo)。中法之戰(zhan)鎮(zhen)海一(yi)(yi)役歷時(shi)(shi)103天,空前酷烈(lie),全憑浙江一(yi)(yi)省的財(cai)力和兵力支(zhi)持,最終戰(zhan)勝法軍。法軍艦(jian)隊司令孤拔受重傷(shang),不(bu)久死在澎湖列島。劉(liu)(liu)秉璋因此戰(zhan)獲(huo)勝而(er)擢升為(wei)四川總督(du)。
劉晦之(zhi)正是劉秉璋的(de)“小四”,自幼聰慧好讀。因劉秉璋是李(li)鴻(hong)(hong)章的(de)至交,兩家又是姻親,故(gu)劉晦之(zhi)從(cong)小就得以進入天津李(li)鴻(hong)(hong)章的(de)家塾(shu),與(yu)李(li)氏諸子(zi)(zi)弟一起(qi)讀書,中西文俱佳,又得以與(yu)李(li)氏門生故(gu)吏(li)及其(qi)子(zi)(zi)弟朝夕相處,過從(cong)無間,還(huan)飽覽(lan)了故(gu)家舊族多(duo)年秘示人的(de)典籍和收(shou)藏,這(zhe)都為他后來從(cong)事(shi)(shi)銀行業(ye)和收(shou)藏事(shi)(shi)業(ye)打下了基礎。
劉晦之的文物收(shou)藏堪稱海(hai)內一流(liu),尤其是龜甲(jia)骨片和(he)青銅器(qi)的收(shou)藏,世間罕有其比。
其甲骨(gu)文(wen)(wen)的收藏在(zai)戰(zhan)前就達28000余片,1953年全部出讓給國家。據文(wen)(wen)物(wu)部門統計(ji),現存(cun)我國大陸的龜甲骨(gu)片,總共9萬(wan)余片,分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)95個(ge)機關單位和44位私人收藏家手(shou)里,而(er)劉(liu)晦之的28000片,差不多就占(zhan)了(le)三分(fen)之一,是私人收藏甲骨(gu)最大的一宗。
1936年郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)亡命日本時(shi),日子過得很困窘,有時(shi)連(lian)毛筆也(ye)買不(bu)起。劉晦(hui)之(zhi)知其(qi)博(bo)學多(duo)才,就將自(zi)己歷年所收集(ji)的龜(gui)甲(jia)(jia)骨(gu)(gu)片,請(qing)人拓(tuo)出文(wen)字(zi),集(ji)為(wei)《書(shu)契(qi)(qi)(qi)叢(cong)編(bian)》,分裝成20冊,托中國書(shu)店的金(jin)祖同帶到日本,親(qin)手(shou)交給郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo),供其(qi)研究(jiu)、著書(shu)。郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)見(jian)后嘆(tan)為(wei)觀止,從中挑選了(le)1595片,先期研讀(du)考釋,并據此著成了(le)甲(jia)(jia)骨(gu)(gu)學上具有重要意義的巨(ju)著《殷(yin)契(qi)(qi)(qi)粹(cui)編(bian)》,在(zai)日本出版。郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)在(zai)書(shu)序(xu)(xu)中一再感(gan)嘆(tan)道(dao):“劉氏體智所藏甲(jia)(jia)骨(gu)(gu)之(zhi)多(duo)而(er)未見(jian),殆為(wei)海(hai)內外之(zhi)冠。已盡拓(tuo)出其(qi)文(wen)字(zi),集(ji)為(wei)《書(shu)契(qi)(qi)(qi)叢(cong)編(bian)》,冊凡二十,去歲夏間,蒙托金(jin)祖同君遠道(dao)見(jian)示,更允其(qi)選輯若(ruo)(ruo)干,先行景布,如此高誼(yi),世所罕遘。余即深受(shou)感(gan)發,不(bu)揣谫(jian)陋,取其(qi)1595片而(er)成茲編(bian),視諸(zhu)原著雖(sui)僅(jin)略當十之(zhi)一,然(ran)其(qi)精華大率已萃于是矣。”“……然(ran)此均賴劉氏搜集(ji)椎拓(tuo)之(zhi)力(li),得以幸存(cun)。余僅(jin)坐享其(qi)成者,自(zi)無待論。”(郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)《殷(yin)契(qi)(qi)(qi)粹(cui)編(bian)·序(xu)(xu)》)感(gan)激之(zhi)情,溢于言(yan)表。
抗日(ri)戰爭結束后,復(fu)旦大(da)學(xue)胡(hu)厚宣(xuan)教(jiao)授(shou)從(cong)大(da)后方返回(hui)滬,即常往市區新(xin)閘路(lu)上的(de)小校經(jing)閣拜訪劉晦(hui)之先生(sheng),與之訂交,參(can)觀過他的(de)藏(zang)(zang)品,并專門安排學(xue)生(sheng)們(men)前去參(can)觀他收藏(zang)(zang)的(de)甲骨。那是用楠木盒子規(gui)規(gui)整整分裝起(qi)來的(de)100盒甲骨。打開盒蓋,滿目粲(can)然。
另有甲骨(gu)拓(tuo)本《書契叢編》20冊,每冊后(hou)附簡單(dan)釋文。這套拓(tuo)本,與盒內的(de)甲骨(gu)實(shi)物先后(hou)次序正相對照(zhao)。胡厚宣曾查其(qi)甲骨(gu)實(shi)數(shu),實(shi)為28192片。著(zhu)名學者(zhe)陳夢(meng)家(jia)還考證過,其(qi)中有300余片為徐乃(nai)昌隨庵的(de)舊藏。
1953年,劉氏甲骨(gu)出讓(rang)國(guo)家,由中央文化(hua)部文物局接收,中國(guo)科學院考古研究(jiu)所將(jiang)其又重新墨拓(tuo)了一遍(bian),拓(tuo)本題名《善(shan)齋所藏甲骨(gu)拓(tuo)本》。
對(dui)于劉(liu)氏所藏(zang)甲(jia)骨(gu),前些年中國臺灣學者董(dong)作賓(bin)不(bu)知(zhi)何故,認(ren)為(wei)“劉(liu)晦之所藏(zang)甲(jia)骨(gu)號稱二萬(wan)片,但大者多是偽刻”(《甲(jia)骨(gu)五十(shi)年》)。解放后,中科院考古所主(zhu)持甲(jia)骨(gu)學史上最權威(wei)的(de)(de)著錄《甲(jia)骨(gu)文合集》時,認(ren)真考證(zheng)過(guo)一遍(bian),認(ren)為(wei)劉(liu)氏所捐獻的(de)(de)甲(jia)骨(gu)中,偽刻只有112片,還不(bu)到(dao)1/250,這就不(bu)能(neng)算(suan)是“多”。董(dong)作賓(bin)還說:“他(劉(liu)氏)的(de)(de)精品(pin),已選入(ru)《殷(yin)契粹編》,共1595片,真是其余不(bu)足觀也已。”而事實是,郭沫若、胡(hu)厚(hou)宣在編《甲(jia)骨(gu)文合集》時,經(jing)詳加考證(zheng),證(zheng)明(ming)郭氏當年編的(de)(de)《殷(yin)契粹編》所收,固然(ran)都(dou)是精品(pin),但精品(pin)并(bing)沒有收完,如四方風名刻辭和一些特大的(de)(de)牛胛骨(gu)卜辭,就沒有收進。
而(er)《甲骨(gu)文合集》在編輯過程中,就從善齋(zhai)拓(tuo)本中又選錄了不(bu)少精品,而(er)且有的還很重要,并非“其余不(bu)足觀也(ye)已”。董氏所說,不(bu)知何據?
除去甲骨和青銅器(qi)的收(shou)藏之(zhi)外,小校(xiao)經閣內還以藏書(shu)(shu)著名(ming)。劉氏藏書(shu)(shu)達10萬冊(ce)之(zhi)巨。
1934年(nian)他的(de)住宅里(li)實在(zai)容納不下日益增多的(de)藏(zang)(zang)書了(le)(le),只好專門造(zao)一藏(zang)(zang)書樓,取名小校經閣。他的(de)藏(zang)(zang)書以明清(qing)精刻為(wei)主,亦不乏宋(song)(song)元古本。至解(jie)放(fang)時(shi),尚有宋(song)(song)版9部、各地方(fang)志1000余部,善本達1928冊(ce)(此(ci)為(wei)解(jie)放(fang)初上海市文管會接收時(shi)考訂的(de)結果)。這些(xie)書籍分裝在(zai)500只特制的(de)書箱(xiang)(xiang)里(li),打開(kai)書箱(xiang)(xiang)箱(xiang)(xiang)蓋,上面(mian)罩(zhao)了(le)(le)一層細(xi)(xi)細(xi)(xi)的(de)鐵絲(si)網,這是(shi)為(wei)了(le)(le)在(zai)曝曬時(shi)防(fang)止老鼠鉆進去而特設的(de)。
劉氏藏書(shu)(shu)還有(you)一個(ge)與眾不(bu)同的(de)特點,就是(shi)《四庫全書(shu)(shu)》中(zhong)被當時四庫館(guan)臣們刪改過的(de)書(shu)(shu),他必須收(shou)得(de)原來的(de)舊本(ben)。他立(li)志要把《四庫》中(zhong)“存目(mu)”之書(shu)(shu),依(yi)目(mu)錄統統收(shou)齊(qi),收(shou)不(bu)齊(qi)就借來抄錄副本(ben)。他要以一己之力,收(shou)齊(qi)《四庫全書(shu)(shu)》所收(shou)書(shu)(shu)的(de)原刻本(ben),統統恢復舊貌,因此這(zhe)小校經(jing)閣,長年雇著十幾名抄書(shu)(shu)、校書(shu)(shu)的(de)工匠(jiang),書(shu)(shu)山(shan)書(shu)(shu)海,忙(mang)得(de)不(bu)停。
解放后,劉氏所有的(de)藏書連同那(nei)500只(zhi)箱(xiang)(xiang)子,全部捐給上海(hai)市文管(guan)會,后又(you)轉入上海(hai)圖書館。第一批(pi)捐書326箱(xiang)(xiang),67873冊(ce);第二(er)批(pi)捐歷(li)代(dai)碑(bei)刻(ke)拓(tuo)本282種(zhong),共436冊(ce),其(qi)中(zhong)有漢(han)魏名碑(bei)50種(zhong);晉至(zhi)隋79種(zhong)、唐185種(zhong)、宋金(jin)元明122種(zhong)、雜帖36種(zhong);第三批(pi)捐書34箱(xiang)(xiang)。
1951年9月,還捐獻了(le)上古三代及秦漢時期(qi)的(de)兵器130件,分裝二(er)十個箱(xiang)子里,后由上海市(shi)文管(guan)會轉(zhuan)交上海博物館保(bao)存。為此,陳毅(yi)市(shi)長曾頒發嘉獎令,表(biao)彰他的(de)愛(ai)國精神。
劉晦(hui)之逝(shi)于(yu)1962年,在生前(qian)已把所有(you)藏品捐(juan)(juan)獻殆盡(還有(you)一(yi)大批古(gu)墨、古(gu)硯(yan)捐(juan)(juan)獻給安徽省博物館,該館為之特辟“中國(guo)歷代古(gu)墨陳列(lie)室”),身(shen)后(hou)不留一(yi)石(shi)一(yi)木,這在私家收藏史(shi)上,亦是為數不多的(de)。