劉秉(bing)璋(1826~1905),晚清重(zhong)臣,淮(huai)軍(jun)名將。字仲良,安徽廬江人。胸懷大(da)志,青(qing)年中(zhong)舉成(cheng)名,由(you)(you)于國家動亂,由(you)(you)翰林院編修(xiu)而入軍(jun)幕,投筆從戎,平吳剿捻(nian)后逐步成(cheng)長為(wei)一(yi)名封建(jian)官吏(li)。中(zhong)法(fa)戰爭期間,力抗外(wai)侮(wu),指(zhi)揮了(le)著名的“鎮海之役”,維(wei)(wei)(wei)護了(le)國家尊嚴。督蜀十(shi)(shi)年,勤政廉(lian)潔(jie),用竹籠古法(fa)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)都江堰水利(li)工程,造福百(bai)姓。在(zai)“成(cheng)都教(jiao)案”中(zhong)維(wei)(wei)(wei)護民族(zu)利(li)益,清廷罷其職。一(yi)生淡泊名利(li),卻十(shi)(shi)分重(zhong)視教(jiao)育,為(wei)家鄉捐建(jian)了(le)三樂(le)堂(tang)書院、南京廬江試館,培養了(le)一(yi)大(da)批有(you)用之材(cai)。
劉(liu)(liu)秉璋(1826~1905),字仲良,安(an)徽(hui)省廬江縣礬山(shan)鎮(zhen)劉(liu)(liu)墩村人(明(ming)永(yong)樂間劉(liu)(liu)秉璋祖先遷(qian)此(ci)定居(ju),改(gai)此(ci)地為(wei)劉(liu)(liu)家墩,后1983年(nian)地名普查時改(gai)名劉(liu)(liu)墩),農民家庭,自(zi)幼讀(du)書(shu)。咸豐十年(nian)(1860年(nian)),中進(jin)士,選為(wei)庶吉士,授編修(xiu)。
同(tong)治(zhi)元(yuan)年(1862年),太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)占(zhan)(zhan)據江(jiang)寧,劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)隨(sui)欽(qin)差大臣(chen)張(zhang)芾軍(jun)(jun)(jun)至皖南,常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)其(qi)籌(chou)劃進(jin)(jin)(jin)剿之策,深得(de)李鴻章(zhang)贊賞。李鴻章(zhang)任江(jiang)蘇(su)巡撫,移軍(jun)(jun)(jun)上(shang)海,鎮(zhen)(zhen)壓太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)時(shi),即奏(zou)調劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)于(yu)帳下。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)遂入淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。時(shi)上(shang)海駐有英人戈登訓練的常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勝(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun),見淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)裝備低劣,服飾又差,皆笑而(er)侮(wu)之。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)對諸將士說:“此不足病也,顧(gu)吾曹(cao)能戰否耳!”后經數(shu)戰,淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)作戰勇敢,常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)獲大捷,深得(de)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勝(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)飲佩(pei),并(bing)(bing)積(ji)極配合淮軍(jun)(jun)(jun)鎮(zhen)(zhen)壓太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。同(tong)治(zhi)二年,太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)攻(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)福山(shan)(shan),進(jin)(jin)(jin)圍常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)熟,形勢(shi)(shi)危急。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)會(hui)(hui)同(tong)潘鼎新、劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)銘傳諸軍(jun)(jun)(jun)進(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)福山(shan)(shan),以(yi)(yi)(yi)救常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)熟,并(bing)(bing)約(yue)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勝(sheng)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)大炮轟擊太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)營。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)遂解常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)熟之圍,回軍(jun)(jun)(jun)福山(shan)(shan)。不久太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)攻(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)浙西各(ge)郡,危及(ji)江(jiang)蘇(su),李鴻章(zhang)急令劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)自募一軍(jun)(jun)(jun),進(jin)(jin)(jin)圍嘉(jia)善。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)(zai)水(shui)陸要沖的楓涇、西塘筑石為(wei)壘(lei)(lei),遣數(shu)萬人防守,與嘉(jia)善成(cheng)犄(ji)角之勢(shi)(shi),構成(cheng)嚴密防御陣勢(shi)(shi)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)率6000余人,以(yi)(yi)(yi)吳長慶(qing)、況文榜(bang)、王占(zhan)(zhan)魁(kui)為(wei)將,逼(bi)壘(lei)(lei)而(er)營。先集中兵(bing)力攻(gong)破西塘,而(er)后乘勢(shi)(shi)前進(jin)(jin)(jin),攻(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)楓涇,并(bing)(bing)擊敗(bai)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)從嘉(jia)興(xing)、平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)湖(hu)、乍浦(pu)等地前來(lai)的數(shu)萬援軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。因鎮(zhen)(zhen)壓太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)有功,清廷降旨(zhi)嘉(jia)獎,以(yi)(yi)(yi)侍講遇缺(que)題(ti)奏(zou)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)雖累(lei)敗(bai),但仍以(yi)(yi)(yi)張(zhang)涇匯(hui)為(wei)護衛,據守嘉(jia)善。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)約(yue)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)湖(hu)師船,水(shui)陸夾擊張(zhang)涇匯(hui)。嘉(jia)善太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)來(lai)援,劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)憑河督戰,腿受(shou)槍傷,不后退。士卒(zu)鳧濠(hao)直進(jin)(jin)(jin),將張(zhang)涇匯(hui)攻(gong)破。嘉(jia)善及(ji)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)湖(hu)、乍浦(pu)等地亦被克復(fu)。同(tong)治(zhi)三年七月(yue),劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)會(hui)(hui)同(tong)總兵(bing)程啟(qi)學進(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)嘉(jia)興(xing),盡毀(hui)城外太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)營壘(lei)(lei)。他(ta)肉搏登城,晝夜仰(yang)攻(gong),擲火焚城中火藥庫,將城攻(gong)破,殺害榮王廖發(fa)壽、挺王劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)德功,清廷降旨(zhi)賞戴花(hua)翎。繼而(er)進(jin)(jin)(jin)攻(gong)湖(hu)州(zhou),攻(gong)占(zhan)(zhan)吳溇、南澤,連戰皆捷,將浙西太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)肅清。因劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉璋(zhang)治(zhi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)嚴整,親冒矢石,清廷降旨(zhi)賞振勇巴(ba)圖魯名號(hao),遇有應(ying)升之缺(que),開列在(zai)(zai)前。十月(yue),補右(you)春坊(fang)右(you)庶子,旋(xuan)轉正庶子。復(fu)升侍講學士。
同(tong)治四年(nian)二月(yue)(yue)(yue),捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)復(fu)熾(chi)。清廷命曾(ceng)國藩(fan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)欽(qin)差大臣(chen),前往(wang)督(du)剿。曾(ceng)國藩(fan)即奏調劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)襄辦軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)務。四月(yue)(yue)(yue),授劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)按(an)察(cha)(cha)使,統軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)駐(zhu)徐州。時捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)轉戰無(wu)定,忽東(dong)(dong)忽西(xi)(xi)難(nan)以(yi)(yi)剿捕。曾(ceng)國藩(fan)、李(li)鴻章(zhang)皆主張(zhang)將捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)驅之一(yi)(yi)(yi)隅,聚而(er)殲之。眾認為(wei)(wei)(wei)此法不切實(shi)際,唯劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)“獨深贊之”。五月(yue)(yue)(yue),捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)進(jin)(jin)攻(gong)(gong)宿遷埠(bu)了(le)鎮、洋(yang)河(he)(he)集,徑(jing)趨運(yun)河(he)(he)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)遣吳(wu)長慶、王占魁夜襲其(qi)營,循(xun)舊堤追擊(ji),大敗(bai)(bai)(bai)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)首領任(ren)(ren)(ren)柱、賴文(wen)光(guang)與張(zhang)宗(zong)(zong)禹(yu)失散,復(fu)折而(er)南(nan),渡澮、渦兩河(he)(he),入(ru)(ru)(ru)懷遠、鳳臺(tai)境。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)追至(zhi)蒙城(cheng),會(hui)盛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)共(gong)剿。七月(yue)(yue)(yue),任(ren)(ren)(ren)柱、賴文(wen)光(guang)與張(zhang)宗(zong)(zong)禹(yu)會(hui)合于河(he)(he)南(nan)石固鎮,將攻(gong)(gong)山東(dong)(dong)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)追至(zhi)禹(yu)城(cheng)寨,以(yi)(yi)馬隊進(jin)(jin)擊(ji),又大破捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)擺脫困(kun)境,免遭(zao)全殲,分為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩部(bu)。張(zhang)宗(zong)(zong)禹(yu)率一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)西(xi)(xi)往(wang),是為(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。任(ren)(ren)(ren)柱、賴文(wen)光(guang)率一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)東(dong)(dong)往(wang),是為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。曾(ceng)國藩(fan)將進(jin)(jin)剿西(xi)(xi)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之任(ren)(ren)(ren),委于總兵(bing)(bing)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)松山,命劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)與提督(du)楊鼎(ding)勛等軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于豫(yu)西(xi)(xi),以(yi)(yi)圍東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。十二月(yue)(yue)(yue),東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)轉戰入(ru)(ru)(ru)湖(hu)北,劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)追擊(ji),敗(bai)(bai)(bai)東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于德安。同(tong)治六(liu)年(nian)二月(yue)(yue)(yue),功授山西(xi)(xi)布(bu)政(zheng)使,因剿捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)急(ji),未能到(dao)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)德安之敗(bai)(bai)(bai)后,折入(ru)(ru)(ru)安徽(hui)霍山、太湖(hu)間(jian)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)日夜疾馳宿松,迎頭(tou)將其(qi)擊(ji)敗(bai)(bai)(bai)。東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)復(fu)走(zou)湖(hu)北,自孝感小河(he)(he)溪徑(jing)趨河(he)(he)口鎮。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)會(hui)勛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)進(jin)(jin)擊(ji),勛軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)先至(zhi)遇伏,總兵(bing)(bing)張(zhang)遵道(dao)遭(zao)擊(ji)斃(bi)。東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)乘勝而(er)下(xia),勢不可(ke)遏。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)率軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)予以(yi)(yi)橫擊(ji),吳(wu)長慶、況文(wen)榜等各殊死戰,東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)始潰走(zou)豫(yu)。六(liu)月(yue)(yue)(yue),李(li)鴻章(zhang)奉旨代曾(ceng)國藩(fan)督(du)師,自歸德移駐(zhu)濟(ji)寧(ning),擬采取(qu)“圍制(zhi)”之策(ce),扼守運(yun)河(he)(he),蹙(cu)東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于海隅,進(jin)(jin)行聚殲。檄劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)速赴濟(ji)寧(ning),布(bu)置運(yun)防。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)得令,即率部(bu)屯駐(zhu)運(yun)西(xi)(xi),會(hui)魯、豫(yu)、皖3省兵(bing)(bing),并(bing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)合剿。七月(yue)(yue)(yue),東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)敗(bai)(bai)(bai)魯軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于濰河(he)(he),自安邱、臨朐南(nan)走(zou),以(yi)(yi)規江(jiang)(jiang)淮。李(li)鴻章(zhang)急(ji)令劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)由(you)臺(tai)莊過河(he)(he),會(hui)浙軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)防守清江(jiang)(jiang)。八(ba)至(zhi)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue),提督(du)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)銘傳、郭松林等軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)累獲大捷(jie),任(ren)(ren)(ren)柱戰歿,賴文(wen)光(guang)率余騎千余,南(nan)走(zou)清江(jiang)(jiang)。十二月(yue)(yue)(yue),劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)與道(dao)員李(li)昭慶,大敗(bai)(bai)(bai)東(dong)(dong)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于淮城(cheng)。賴文(wen)光(guang)率部(bu)退走(zou)高寶水鄉,遭(zao)吳(wu)毓蘭華(hua)字營襲擊(ji),全軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)覆沒。同(tong)治八(ba)年(nian),劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)家父(fu)病(bing)逝,乞歸守孝3年(nian)。十一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian),服闋(que)入(ru)(ru)(ru)都,詔授江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)布(bu)政(zheng)使。光(guang)緒元年(nian)(1875年(nian)),升(sheng)江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)巡(xun)撫(fu)。光(guang)緒六(liu)年(nian),因劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)任(ren)(ren)(ren)江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)巡(xun)撫(fu)期間(jian),在(zai)平(ping)息(xi)新疆事件中(zhong),籌解甘餉,予以(yi)(yi)大力支持,賞頭(tou)品頂(ding)帶。八(ba)年(nian),授浙江(jiang)(jiang)巡(xun)撫(fu)。此間(jian),臺(tai)灣黃金滿嘯聚海濱,結伙為(wei)(wei)(wei)匪,官兵(bing)(bing)清剿,他(ta)遠逃重洋(yang),官兵(bing)(bing)撤走(zou),則(ze)又復(fu)出。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)到(dao)任(ren)(ren)(ren)后,經過詳細(xi)偵察(cha)(cha),發現內地多有間(jian)諜,故兵(bing)(bing)機(ji)泄露(lu)。他(ta)采取(qu)嚴辦保(bao)甲(jia)的辦法,割斷其(qi)與內地的聯系。黃金滿因內地坐探被除,兵(bing)(bing)機(ji)莫測,窮蹙(cu)就(jiu)撫(fu)。
光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒(xu)十年,法(fa)軍侵略越南事(shi)起(qi),劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)為防(fang)御(yu)(yu)法(fa)軍入(ru)(ru)侵中(zhong)國,遂(sui)親巡海(hai)口沿岸,筑長墻綿亙數十里,置地雷,封海(hai)口,令所有兵(bing)輪(lun)加(jia)強戒(jie)備(bei)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒(xu)十一(yi)年一(yi)月,法(fa)軍果(guo)突入(ru)(ru)蛟門,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)令炮臺守(shou)將守(shou)備(bei)吳(wu)杰(jie),發巨(ju)炮將法(fa)艦(jian)擊退。越數日,法(fa)艦(jian)復入(ru)(ru)虎蹲山(shan)北,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)令守(shou)軍迎擊,發炮擊中(zhong)法(fa)艦(jian)煙筒和(he)后艄,法(fa)將迷祿中(zhong)炮身亡,大敗(bai)而逃。法(fa)軍大艦(jian)進攻受挫,則放小輪(lun)潛(qian)窺南岸,竄(cuan)犯(fan)寶山(shan)口,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)令總(zong)兵(bing)錢玉興(xing)挑選驍勇(yong)之(zhi)士,組成敢死隊潛(qian)伏清(qing)泉嶺下(xia),突而擊之(zhi),將法(fa)軍打(da)得大敗(bai),擊斃(bi)和(he)落水死者不計(ji)其(qi)數。鎮(zhen)海(hai)之(zhi)役,計(ji)擊沉法(fa)艦(jian)一(yi)艘(sou),重創三艘(sou),火輪(lun)、小船多只,給侵略者以(yi)(yi)沉重的打(da)擊。自此,法(fa)軍不敢再犯(fan)。事(shi)畢,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)具疏,力諫擴充(chong)海(hai)防(fang),以(yi)(yi)備(bei)不虞(yu)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒(xu)十二(er)年,劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)升(sheng)四(si)川(chuan)總(zong)督(du)。川(chuan)省幅員遼闊,外接少(shao)數民族(zu)地區(qu),內多匪盜,社(she)會極不穩(wen)定。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)到任(ren)后,先(xian)后將萬縣崔英河、茂州何三木(mu)匠,川(chuan)北陳坤山(shan),秀山(shan)姚(yao)復乾等勢力平定。繼而采取屯田(tian)之(zhi)策,安撫少(shao)數民族(zu),大小涼山(shan)拉布(bu)浪蟾對等少(shao)數民族(zu)皆請服。光(guang)(guang)(guang)緒(xu)二(er)十年元月,奉懿旨(zhi)(zhi)賞加(jia)太(tai)子少(shao)保銜(xian)并御(yu)(yu)書長壽字(zi)、福壽字(zi)和(he)如(ru)意(yi)蟒(mang)袍等件。劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)剛任(ren)四(si)川(chuan)總(zong)督(du)時,即(ji)奏調試(shi)用道葉(xie)毓榮(rong)、總(zong)兵(bing)錢玉興(xing)等至(zhi)蜀,對其(qi)非常(chang)信任(ren)。御(yu)(yu)史鐘德(de)祥(xiang)對劉(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)此舉,進行(xing)強烈(lie)彈劾。清(qing)廷以(yi)(yi)濫舉非人,照溺職例(li),降旨(zhi)(zhi)革職留任(ren)。十月,奉旨(zhi)(zhi)開缺(que)至(zhi)京(jing),令其(qi)俟新督(du)到任(ren),再行(xing)交卸。
光(guang)(guang)緒十(shi)二年(1886),劉(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)任四川總(zong)督(du),在(zai)(zai)川先后派兵鎮(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)萬縣、川北、酉(you)陽等地農民(min)(min)起(qi)義,剿滅(mie)西(xi)(xi)昌地區彝民(min)(min)起(qi)義和(he)藏(zang)民(min)(min)起(qi)事(shi),又(you)一再增兵屯(tun)駐西(xi)(xi)南邊陲,以資鎮(zhen)懾。查(cha)辦遺(yi)留的(de)“重慶教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)案”。因(yin)美(mei)、英(ying)(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)強行(xing)占(zhan)地建(jian)(jian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)堂(tang),民(min)(min)眾反對,教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)組織武裝(zhuang)殺(sha)(sha)傷30余人(ren),激起(qi)公(gong)憤反教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui),焚毀教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學,散發傳單,揭露美(mei)、英(ying)(ying)幫助日本侵略(lve)中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)罪(zui)行(xing),使(shi)美(mei)、英(ying)(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)更(geng)為不滿(man)(man),關殺(sha)(sha)兒童(tong)和(he)民(min)(min)眾。洋(yang)人(ren)踐踏(ta)中(zhong)國(guo)主權,激起(qi)川西(xi)(xi)11縣民(min)(min)眾起(qi)來反教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)會(hui)。劉(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)在(zai)(zai)查(cha)處中(zhong),他只是(shi)逮捕亂民(min)(min)石匯(hui)等,繩(sheng)之(zhi)以法,并(bing)(bing)殺(sha)(sha)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)紳羅(luo)元義,以泄民(min)(min)憤。至是(shi)省城(cheng)民(min)(min)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)構(gou)釁,各屬繼(ji)起(qi)。旬日間,教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)堂(tang)被燒10余處,且蔓延(yan)到省外(wai)。對外(wai)國(guo)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)設(she)立的(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)堂(tang),清廷早(zao)有(you)旨諭,令“各省督(du)撫,嚴飭地方官加意保護”。御史吳(wu)光(guang)(guang)奎奏(zou)參:“省城(cheng)滋事(shi)之(zhi)始,劉(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)堅置(zhi)不理(li),并(bing)(bing)未派兵彈(dan)壓(ya)(ya),無業游(you)民(min)(min)愈聚愈多,以致省外(wai)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)案層(ceng)見累出”,加之(zhi)在(zai)(zai)處理(li)“重慶教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)案”中(zhong),僅處死殺(sha)(sha)人(ren)兇手和(he)鬧事(shi)首領,未鎮(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)群眾,美(mei)、英(ying)(ying)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)士(shi)不滿(man)(man),紛紛致電(dian)總(zong)署,要(yao)求懲辦秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang),清廷據此,并(bing)(bing)迫于(yu)英(ying)(ying)、美(mei)、法公(gong)使(shi)要(yao)挾,將劉(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)罷官歸(gui)里,以劉(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)“任意廢弛,有(you)負委任”,“著行(xing)革職,永不敘用(yong),以示(shi)懲儆”。光(guang)(guang)緒二十(shi)五(wu)年,清廷復用(yong)劉(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang),“詔再征之(zhi)”。劉(liu)秉(bing)(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)以疾不能赴。光(guang)(guang)緒三(san)十(shi)一年(1905)病逝(shi)。逝(shi)后,由(you)于(yu)兩江總(zong)督(du)周馥的(de)疏奏(zou),清廷準其“復官,予(yu)優恤,建(jian)(jian)祠(ci)”。
閱兵松潘道中(zhong)作鈴轅小(xiao)隊擁旌旗,嘉命恭(gong)承遠視師(shi)。馬齒六旬吾老矣(yi),羊(yang)腸九折(zhe)命驅(qu)之。層巒細入龍眠畫,秀嶺(ling)雄于太(tai)白詩。匹練(lian)懸流三百里(li),匡廬瀑布未云奇。
舊院習已(yi)(yi)荒,榛蕪翳(yi)眾綠。命(ming)匠稍經營,累石間疏竹。習靜亦(yi)偶然,為(wei)迓高賢躅。詼詭語驚人,嘯歌(ge)聲滿屋。賓(bin)朋(peng)亦(yi)既醉,主人請繼燭。官樣與(yu)儒(ru)風,一齊高閣(ge)束。歡(huan)笑忽欷歔,驚心羲馭(yu)速。皓首百(bai)無成(cheng),終須同草木。蓬蓽(bi)多窮(qiong)黎,眾樂慚于獨。寵命(ming)忝纓(ying)組(zu),幽懷寄(ji)泉谷。《道德(de)》五(wu)千言,止足義已(yi)(yi)熟。欲乞衰朽身,鄉(xiang)關馳(chi)夢轂。一壑(he)猶能專,生(sheng)平(ping)愿已(yi)(yi)足。此如傳舍然,徒(tu)爾勞板筑。新詩惠(hui)袞褒,盥手百(bai)回讀。
元龍意氣昔(xi)何如(ru),荏苒光陰(yin)付(fu)子虛。政績不登(deng)循(xun)吏(li)傳,文章豈有茂(mao)陵書。死猶腐(fu)草(cao)螢光點,生比寒花蝶夢蘇(su)。壯不如(ru)人今(jin)老矣,片帆東去啖鰣魚。
望見(jian)蓬廬喜欲顛,弟兄(xiong)慰(wei)問笑(xiao)喧闐(tian)。豪貲富擁書千卷,醉(zui)態(tai)狂歌(ge)詩一篇。清白差堪(kan)貽子姓,燒丹何必學神仙。興來(lai)沽酒(jiu)招朋好,斫(zhuo)膾烹雌(ci)足俸(feng)錢。
劉(liu)家(jia)第二代五(wu)兄(xiong)弟,子承父志(zhi),后來也都曾風云過一時(shi)。老大劉(liu)體(ti)乾,在袁世凱(kai)當政時(shi)官(guan)至(zhi)四川(chuan)省省長(宣慰使(shi)),所謂兩(liang)代人(ren)先后督蜀,一時(shi)傳為美談;老二劉(liu)體(ti)仁是舉人(ren),原在京城(cheng)為官(guan),因(yin)不愿與袁世凱(kai)合(he)作,遂棄(qi)官(guan)回家(jia);老三劉(liu)體(ti)信(聲木)成(cheng)為著(zhu)名的學者、藏書(shu)家(jia),他的關(guan)于楚辭(ci)類(lei)的藏書(shu),被郭沫若(ruo)稱(cheng)為海內(nei)第一。五(wu)兄(xiong)弟中最(zui)負盛名者,是后來出(chu)任(ren)中國實業銀行總經(jing)理的劉(liu)體(ti)智(即(ji)老四晦之)。
劉晦之
劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)晦之(1879~1962年)名體(ti)智,晚號善齋(zhai)老(lao)人,安徽廬(lu)江(jiang)縣礬山(shan)鎮(zhen)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)墩村人,晚清重臣四(si)(si)川總督(du)(du)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)之子。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)在浙江(jiang)巡撫任上時,正值中法戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭爆(bao)發。他率(lv)軍(jun)(jun)坐鎮(zhen)杭州。在戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭的(de)關鍵時刻,他對(dui)家人說:“萬一(yi)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)場失利,吾得對(dui)國盡(jin)忠(zhong),夫(fu)人要盡(jin)節,三個兒子(指老(lao)大劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)乾、老(lao)二劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)仁(ren)、老(lao)三劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)信(xin))要盡(jin)孝(xiao),小(xiao)四(si)(si)、小(xiao)五尚小(xiao),送給李鴻章了。”此言一(yi)出,軍(jun)(jun)中將士無不鐵心(xin)報國。中法之戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鎮(zhen)海一(yi)役歷時103天(tian),空前(qian)酷(ku)烈,全憑浙江(jiang)一(yi)省的(de)財力(li)和兵力(li)支持,最(zui)終戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)勝法軍(jun)(jun)。法軍(jun)(jun)艦隊司令(ling)孤拔受重傷,不久死在澎湖(hu)列島(dao)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秉(bing)(bing)璋(zhang)因此戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)獲勝而擢升為四(si)(si)川總督(du)(du)。
劉晦(hui)之正是(shi)(shi)劉秉璋的(de)(de)“小四”,自幼聰(cong)慧好讀。因(yin)劉秉璋是(shi)(shi)李(li)鴻章的(de)(de)至交,兩(liang)家又是(shi)(shi)姻親(qin),故(gu)劉晦(hui)之從(cong)小就得以進入天津(jin)李(li)鴻章的(de)(de)家塾,與李(li)氏(shi)諸子弟一(yi)起讀書,中西(xi)文俱佳(jia),又得以與李(li)氏(shi)門生故(gu)吏(li)及其(qi)子弟朝夕相處,過從(cong)無間(jian),還飽覽了故(gu)家舊族多年秘示人(ren)的(de)(de)典籍和收(shou)藏,這都為他后(hou)來從(cong)事銀行業和收(shou)藏事業打(da)下(xia)了基礎(chu)。
劉晦之的文物收藏堪稱海內(nei)一(yi)流,尤其是(shi)龜甲骨片和青銅器的收藏,世(shi)間罕有其比。
其甲骨文的收(shou)藏在戰前(qian)就達28000余片(pian),1953年全部(bu)出讓給國(guo)家(jia)。據文物部(bu)門(men)統計,現(xian)存我國(guo)大陸的龜甲骨片(pian),總共9萬(wan)余片(pian),分布在95個機關單位(wei)和44位(wei)私人收(shou)藏家(jia)手里,而(er)劉晦之的28000片(pian),差不多(duo)就占(zhan)了三分之一(yi),是私人收(shou)藏甲骨最(zui)大的一(yi)宗。
1936年郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)亡命日本(ben)時(shi),日子過得(de)很困窘,有(you)時(shi)連毛筆也買不起。劉晦之(zhi)知其(qi)博學(xue)多(duo)(duo)才,就將(jiang)自(zi)己(ji)歷(li)年所(suo)收集(ji)的(de)(de)龜甲骨片(pian),請(qing)人(ren)拓出(chu)文(wen)字,集(ji)為(wei)《書契(qi)(qi)叢(cong)編》,分裝成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)20冊,托中(zhong)國書店(dian)的(de)(de)金(jin)祖(zu)同帶(dai)到日本(ben),親手交給郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo),供其(qi)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)、著書。郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)見(jian)(jian)后嘆(tan)為(wei)觀止,從(cong)中(zhong)挑(tiao)選(xuan)(xuan)了1595片(pian),先期研(yan)(yan)讀考釋,并據此著成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了甲骨學(xue)上具有(you)重要意義的(de)(de)巨(ju)著《殷(yin)契(qi)(qi)粹編》,在日本(ben)出(chu)版。郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)在書序中(zhong)一(yi)再感嘆(tan)道(dao):“劉氏體智所(suo)藏甲骨之(zhi)多(duo)(duo)而未見(jian)(jian),殆為(wei)海(hai)內外之(zhi)冠。已盡拓出(chu)其(qi)文(wen)字,集(ji)為(wei)《書契(qi)(qi)叢(cong)編》,冊凡二十(shi)(shi),去歲夏間,蒙托金(jin)祖(zu)同君遠道(dao)見(jian)(jian)示,更(geng)允(yun)其(qi)選(xuan)(xuan)輯若(ruo)(ruo)干,先行(xing)景布,如此高誼(yi),世(shi)所(suo)罕(han)遘(gou)。余(yu)即深(shen)受感發,不揣谫陋,取(qu)其(qi)1595片(pian)而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)茲(zi)編,視(shi)諸原著雖僅略當十(shi)(shi)之(zhi)一(yi),然其(qi)精華大率(lv)已萃于(yu)是矣。”“……然此均賴劉氏搜集(ji)椎拓之(zhi)力(li),得(de)以(yi)幸存。余(yu)僅坐享(xiang)其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者,自(zi)無(wu)待論。”(郭(guo)(guo)沫若(ruo)(ruo)《殷(yin)契(qi)(qi)粹編·序》)感激之(zhi)情,溢于(yu)言表。
抗(kang)日戰爭結(jie)束后(hou),復旦大(da)學胡(hu)厚宣教授從大(da)后(hou)方返回滬,即常往市區(qu)新閘路上的(de)(de)小校經閣拜訪劉(liu)晦(hui)之先生,與之訂交,參(can)觀(guan)過他的(de)(de)藏品,并專門安(an)排學生們(men)前去參(can)觀(guan)他收藏的(de)(de)甲骨。那是用楠木盒子(zi)規規整整分(fen)裝起(qi)來(lai)的(de)(de)100盒甲骨。打(da)開盒蓋,滿目粲然。
另有甲骨(gu)拓(tuo)本(ben)《書(shu)契叢編》20冊,每冊后附簡單(dan)釋文(wen)。這套(tao)拓(tuo)本(ben),與盒內的甲骨(gu)實(shi)物先后次(ci)序正相對(dui)照。胡厚宣曾查其(qi)(qi)甲骨(gu)實(shi)數,實(shi)為(wei)28192片(pian)。著名(ming)學者(zhe)陳夢家還考證(zheng)過,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)有300余片(pian)為(wei)徐乃昌隨庵的舊藏。
1953年(nian),劉氏甲骨出(chu)讓國(guo)家,由中(zhong)央文化部文物局接(jie)收,中(zhong)國(guo)科學院考古(gu)研究所將(jiang)其又重新墨拓(tuo)了一遍(bian),拓(tuo)本(ben)題名《善齋所藏(zang)甲骨拓(tuo)本(ben)》。
對于劉氏(shi)(shi)所藏甲(jia)骨(gu)(gu),前(qian)些(xie)年中國臺灣(wan)學(xue)者(zhe)董(dong)作(zuo)賓不(bu)知何故,認(ren)為“劉晦之所藏甲(jia)骨(gu)(gu)號稱二萬片,但大者(zhe)多是(shi)(shi)偽刻”(《甲(jia)骨(gu)(gu)五(wu)十年》)。解放后,中科院考古所主持甲(jia)骨(gu)(gu)學(xue)史上最權威的(de)(de)著錄《甲(jia)骨(gu)(gu)文合(he)(he)集》時,認(ren)真考證(zheng)過一(yi)遍(bian),認(ren)為劉氏(shi)(shi)所捐獻的(de)(de)甲(jia)骨(gu)(gu)中,偽刻只有112片,還(huan)不(bu)到1/250,這就(jiu)不(bu)能算是(shi)(shi)“多”。董(dong)作(zuo)賓還(huan)說:“他(劉氏(shi)(shi))的(de)(de)精品,已選入《殷(yin)契(qi)粹編(bian)(bian)》,共1595片,真是(shi)(shi)其余不(bu)足觀也已。”而事實是(shi)(shi),郭沫若、胡(hu)厚宣在(zai)編(bian)(bian)《甲(jia)骨(gu)(gu)文合(he)(he)集》時,經詳加考證(zheng),證(zheng)明郭氏(shi)(shi)當(dang)年編(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)《殷(yin)契(qi)粹編(bian)(bian)》所收,固(gu)然都是(shi)(shi)精品,但精品并沒(mei)有收完,如四(si)方風名刻辭(ci)和一(yi)些(xie)特大的(de)(de)牛(niu)胛骨(gu)(gu)卜(bu)辭(ci),就(jiu)沒(mei)有收進。
而(er)《甲骨文合(he)集(ji)》在編輯過程中,就(jiu)從善(shan)齋(zhai)拓本中又選(xuan)錄了不(bu)(bu)少精(jing)品,而(er)且(qie)有的還很重要,并非“其余不(bu)(bu)足觀(guan)也已”。董氏所說,不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)何(he)據?
除去甲骨和青銅(tong)器(qi)的收藏之(zhi)外(wai),小校經閣內(nei)還以(yi)藏書(shu)著名。劉氏(shi)藏書(shu)達10萬冊之(zhi)巨。
1934年他的(de)(de)住宅里(li)實(shi)在容納不下日(ri)益(yi)增多(duo)的(de)(de)藏(zang)書(shu)了,只(zhi)好(hao)專(zhuan)門造一(yi)藏(zang)書(shu)樓,取名(ming)小校經(jing)閣。他的(de)(de)藏(zang)書(shu)以明清精刻為(wei)主,亦不乏宋元古本(ben)。至解放時,尚(shang)有(you)宋版(ban)9部(bu)、各地方志1000余部(bu),善本(ben)達1928冊(此為(wei)解放初上海市文管會接(jie)收(shou)時考(kao)訂的(de)(de)結果(guo))。這(zhe)些書(shu)籍分裝在500只(zhi)特(te)制的(de)(de)書(shu)箱(xiang)里(li),打開書(shu)箱(xiang)箱(xiang)蓋,上面罩了一(yi)層細細的(de)(de)鐵絲(si)網,這(zhe)是(shi)為(wei)了在曝曬(shai)時防止(zhi)老鼠鉆進(jin)去而特(te)設的(de)(de)。
劉(liu)氏藏書(shu)還有一(yi)個與眾不同的特點,就是《四(si)(si)庫(ku)全(quan)(quan)書(shu)》中(zhong)被(bei)當時四(si)(si)庫(ku)館(guan)臣們刪改過的書(shu),他(ta)必須收(shou)得(de)原來(lai)的舊(jiu)(jiu)本。他(ta)立志要把《四(si)(si)庫(ku)》中(zhong)“存目(mu)”之(zhi)書(shu),依目(mu)錄統(tong)(tong)統(tong)(tong)收(shou)齊,收(shou)不齊就借來(lai)抄(chao)錄副本。他(ta)要以一(yi)己之(zhi)力,收(shou)齊《四(si)(si)庫(ku)全(quan)(quan)書(shu)》所收(shou)書(shu)的原刻本,統(tong)(tong)統(tong)(tong)恢復舊(jiu)(jiu)貌,因此這小校經閣,長年(nian)雇(gu)著十幾名抄(chao)書(shu)、校書(shu)的工匠,書(shu)山書(shu)海,忙得(de)不停。
解放后(hou),劉氏所有(you)的藏書連(lian)同那500只箱(xiang)子(zi),全部(bu)捐給上海(hai)市文管(guan)會,后(hou)又轉入(ru)上海(hai)圖書館。第(di)(di)一批捐書326箱(xiang),67873冊;第(di)(di)二批捐歷(li)代碑刻拓(tuo)本282種(zhong),共436冊,其中有(you)漢魏名碑50種(zhong);晉至隋79種(zhong)、唐185種(zhong)、宋金(jin)元明122種(zhong)、雜帖36種(zhong);第(di)(di)三批捐書34箱(xiang)。
1951年9月,還捐獻(xian)了上(shang)古三代及秦漢時(shi)期的兵器130件,分裝(zhuang)二十個箱(xiang)子里(li),后由上(shang)海市文管會轉交上(shang)海博物館(guan)保存。為此(ci),陳毅市長曾頒發嘉獎令,表(biao)彰他(ta)的愛國精(jing)神。
劉晦之逝(shi)于(yu)1962年,在生(sheng)前已把所(suo)有(you)(you)藏(zang)品捐(juan)(juan)獻(xian)殆盡(還有(you)(you)一大批古墨、古硯捐(juan)(juan)獻(xian)給安徽省(sheng)博物(wu)館,該館為之特辟“中國(guo)歷代古墨陳(chen)列(lie)室(shi)”),身后(hou)不留一石一木,這在私家收藏(zang)史(shi)上,亦是為數不多(duo)的。