電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao),軟骨(gu)魚綱電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)目魚類的(de)(de)(de)統稱。最大的(de)(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)(ge)體可以(yi)達到(dao)(dao)2米，很少(shao)在0.3米以(yi)下。背腹扁平(ping)，頭和(he)胸(xiong)部在一(yi)起。尾部呈粗棒狀，像團扇(shan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)棲居(ju)在海底，一(yi)對小(xiao)眼長在背側面(mian)前方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)中間。在頭胸(xiong)部的(de)(de)(de)腹面(mian)兩(liang)側各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)腎臟(zang)形(xing)蜂窩狀的(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。它(ta)們排列(lie)成六(liu)角柱體，叫“電(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)”柱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)身上(shang)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)2000個(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)柱，有(you)(you)(you)200萬(wan)塊“電(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)”。這些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)之間充滿膠質狀的(de)(de)(de)物質，可以(yi)起絕緣作用。每個(ge)(ge)(ge)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)”的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)分布有(you)(you)(you)神(shen)經末梢(shao)，一(yi)面(mian)為(wei)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極，另(ling)一(yi)面(mian)則為(wei)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極。電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向是從正(zheng)極流到(dao)(dao)負極，也就(jiu)是從電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)(de)背面(mian)流到(dao)(dao)腹面(mian)。在神(shen)經脈(mo)沖的(de)(de)(de)作用下，這兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器就(jiu)能(neng)把(ba)神(shen)經能(neng)變成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，放(fang)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)來(lai)。亦(yi)稱torpedofish、numbfish或crampfish。共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)3科10屬38種，中國產2科5屬8種，常見的(de)(de)(de)如黑(hei)斑雙(shuang)鰭(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)（Narcine maculata、舌形(xing)雙(shuang)鰭(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)（N.lingula）、日本單鰭(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(Narka japonica)。
雙鰭電鰩科：分布于太平洋(yang)(yang)、印(yin)度洋(yang)(yang)和大(da)西(xi)洋(yang)(yang)西(xi)部各(ge)沿岸海(hai)區；中國產3種，均只見(jian)于南海(hai)；
單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)科：分布于(yu)印度(du)-西(xi)太(tai)平(ping)洋。中國有2屬(shu)2種：①單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)屬(shu)，只日(ri)本(ben)單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)，分布于(yu)中國沿海(hai)(hai)，朝鮮(xian)和日(ri)本(ben)南部(bu)沿海(hai)(hai)；②堅皮(pi)單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)屬(shu)，只堅皮(pi)單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)，分布于(yu)南海(hai)(hai)、東海(hai)(hai)南部(bu)及日(ri)本(ben)南部(bu)；
無鰭電鰩科(ke)：只1屬1種，分(fen)布于馬來半(ban)島、印度支那(nei)南部(bu)沿岸。
眼(yan)小(xiao)而(er)突(tu)出(chu)；噴水孔邊緣(yuan)隆起(qi)；前鼻(bi)瓣寬大(da)，伸達(da)下(xia)唇(chun)；皮膚(fu)柔軟。背鰭(qi)一個。頭側與胸(xiong)鰭(qi)間(jian)(jian)有大(da)型發(fa)電器。體盤亞圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)。腹鰭(qi)外角不突(tu)出(chu)，后緣(yuan)平直。尾具(ju)側褶。背部赤褐色，具(ju)少數(shu)不規則暗斑。鰓孔5個，狹小(xiao)，直行排列。齒細小(xiao)而(er)多。頭側與胸(xiong)鰭(qi)間(jian)(jian)具(ju)1對發(fa)達(da)的(de)卵圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)發(fa)電器官，由肌(ji)肉組織變異而(er)成(cheng)，發(fa)電時的(de)電壓一般(ban)在75-80v，最高可(ke)(ke)達(da)200v。體表柔軟。尾鰭(qi)發(fa)達(da)，體長(chang)可(ke)(ke)達(da)1.5m，體重(zhong)可(ke)(ke)達(da)6.1kg。口(kou)小(xiao)或中大(da)，唇(chun)褶發(fa)達(da)。眼(yan)小(xiao)。
生境(jing)：近海底(di)棲魚類。
分布：沿海(hai)，但很少見(jian)到。但在(zai)黃海(hai)、渤海(hai)中常見(jian)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)長約(yue)750px～2m，體(ti)柔(rou)軟，皮膚(fu)光滑，頭(tou)(tou)與胸鰭形(xing)成圓(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)近于(yu)(yu)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)的體(ti)盤。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器一對，由變(bian)態的肌肉(rou)組織構成，位于(yu)(yu)體(ti)盤內，頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)兩(liang)側能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，用于(yu)(yu)防御和捕獲(huo)獵物(wu)，大型電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)發(fa)出(chu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流足以(yi)擊倒成人。
體盤 橢圓形，寬稍小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)；尾寬短(duan)，稍短(duan)于(yu)(yu)頭和軀干之長(chang)(chang)(chang)，比體盤為長(chang)(chang)(chang)，側(ce)褶很低，幾消(xiao)失。吻頗長(chang)(chang)(chang)，前(qian)(qian)端廣圓；吻軟(ruan)骨(gu)柔軟(ruan)，細長(chang)(chang)(chang)，正(zheng)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)條。眶(kuang)前(qian)(qian)軟(ruan)骨(gu)很發達，側(ce)位(wei)，分(fen)作(zuo)多(duo)枝，里側(ce)以(yi)韌帶(dai)連于(yu)(yu)吻軟(ruan)骨(gu)基側(ce)。眼微(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)，埋于(yu)(yu)皮下，位(wei)于(yu)(yu)噴水孔(kong)里側(ce)上(shang)(shang)角。噴水孔(kong)頗大，橢圓形。邊(bian)緣光滑(hua)，平坦(tan)或(huo)微(wei)突起。鼻孔(kong)小(xiao)(xiao)；鼻口(kou)溝(gou)(gou)很短(duan)；前(qian)(qian)鼻瓣(ban)連合為一(yi)(yi)口(kou)蓋；后鼻瓣(ban)短(duan)小(xiao)(xiao)，具(ju)一(yi)(yi)半環狀薄膜。口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)，平橫，口(kou)前(qian)(qian)具(ju)一(yi)(yi)深溝(gou)(gou)，能(neng)突出(chu)；口(kou)寬約等于(yu)(yu)口(kou)前(qian)(qian)吻長(chang)(chang)(chang)2/5；唇軟(ruan)厚而(er)皺；上(shang)(shang)唇分(fen)兩側(ce)和中(zhong)央(yang)三部(bu)；下唇寬而(er)連續。牙細小(xiao)(xiao)而(er)多(duo)，平扁，齒頭低平后突，上(shang)(shang)下頜各14~5縱行；齒面不外露。鰓(sai)孔(kong)很小(xiao)(xiao)，直(zhi)行排列。
胸(xiong)(xiong)部(bu)前(qian)(qian)延，到達鼻囊前(qian)(qian)緣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)水平線，前(qian)(qian)端(duan)寬(kuan)廣地(di)被軟吻(wen)軟骨(gu)及眶前(qian)(qian)軟骨(gu)隔開；前(qian)(qian)后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)連續，后(hou)部(bu)狹直，無里緣(yuan)(yuan)和后(hou)角(jiao)。腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)前(qian)(qian)角(jiao)圓(yuan)鈍，顯著(zhu)突(tu)出，后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)深凹，里緣(yuan)(yuan)很短(duan)可消失，后(hou)角(jiao)尖小。背(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)一(yi)個，頗小，起點在(zai)腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)基底(di)之后(hou)，前(qian)(qian)、后(hou)、里緣(yuan)(yuan)分明，前(qian)(qian)后(hou)角(jiao)圓(yuan)鈍，與(yu)尾基的(de)距離稍短(duan)于背(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)基底(di)長。尾鰭(qi)(qi)頗寬(kuan)大(da)，上葉比下葉大(da)，后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)下緣(yuan)(yuan)斜圓(yuan)形(xing)。背(bei)面(mian)灰褐(he)色(se)或(huo)赤褐(he)色(se)，具(ju)不規(gui)則(ze)暗色(se)斑塊。尾側白色(se)。體側在(zai)胸(xiong)(xiong)、腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)之間(jian)白色(se)；腹(fu)(fu)(fu)面(mian)白色(se)，體盤(pan)與(yu)腹(fu)(fu)(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)邊緣(yuan)(yuan)白色(se)；有(you)時胸(xiong)(xiong)、腹(fu)(fu)(fu)外側和尾之后(hou)部(bu)褐(he)色(se)。
電(dian)鰩(yao)科(Torpedinidae)、單鰭電(dian)鰩(yao)科(Narkidae)、無(wu)鰭電(dian)鰩(yao)科(Temeridae)魚類的統稱，以能發電(dian)傷人而聞名。見(jian)于世界(jie)熱、溫帶水域。種類多，多棲(qi)於淺水，但(dan)深海電(dian)鰩(yao)屬(Benthobatis)等可生活於1,000公尺(chi)(3,300呎)以下的深水。活動緩(huan)慢，底棲(qi)，以魚類及無(wu)脊椎動物為(wei)食。如不(bu)被觸及則對人無(wu)害，經濟價(jia)值(zhi)微不(bu)足道。
長約(yue)30公(gong)分～2公(gong)尺(chi)(1～6呎)。體(ti)柔(rou)軟，皮(pi)膚光滑，頭與胸(xiong)鰭形成(cheng)圓或近于圓形的(de)體(ti)盤。發(fa)電(dian)器一(yi)對，由變態的(de)肌(ji)肉組織(zhi)構成(cheng)，位於體(ti)盤內(nei)，頭部(bu)兩側，能發(fa)電(dian)，用于防御(yu)和捕(bu)獲獵物，大型電(dian)鰩發(fa)出(chu)的(de)電(dian)流足以擊(ji)倒成(cheng)人(ren)。古希(xi)臘人(ren)及羅馬人(ren)用黑電(dian)鰩(Torpedo nobiliana)的(de)電(dian)擊(ji)治療(liao)痛風、頭痛等疾(ji)病。
軟骨(gu)魚(yu)綱電(dian)鰩目(mu)是(shi)板(ban)腮(sai)類魚(yu)的一個目(mu)，此(ci)目(mu)的魚(yu)腮(sai)裂(lie)和口都在(zai)腹位，有(you)五個腮(sai)裂(lie)，身(shen)體(ti)(ti)平扁卵圓形(xing)，吻(wen)不突出(chu)，臀鰭(qi)(qi)消失，尾鰭(qi)(qi)很(hen)小(xiao)，胸鰭(qi)(qi)寬大，胸鰭(qi)(qi)前緣和體(ti)(ti)側(ce)相(xiang)連接。在(zai)胸鰭(qi)(qi)和頭之間的身(shen)體(ti)(ti)每側(ce)有(you)一個大的發電(dian)器官，能發電(dian)，以電(dian)擊敵人或獵(lie)物，卵胎生，分布(bu)在(zai)熱帶和亞(ya)熱帶近海，半埋在(zai)泥沙中等待獵(lie)物，一般體(ti)(ti)形(xing)較(jiao)小(xiao)，沒有(you)食(shi)用價值。根據背鰭(qi)(qi)的多少(shao)，分為三科：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩最大的(de)個體(ti)可(ke)以達到2米,很(hen)少在0.3米以下。背腹(fu)扁平,頭和胸(xiong)部在一(yi)起(qi)。尾部呈粗棒狀(zhuang),像團(tuan)扇。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩棲居(ju)在海底,一(yi)對(dui)小(xiao)眼長在背側(ce)面(mian)(mian)前方的(de)中間。在頭胸(xiong)部的(de)腹(fu)面(mian)(mian)兩側(ce)各有(you)(you)一(yi)個腎臟形蜂窩狀(zhuang)的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。它(ta)們排列成六角柱體(ti)，叫(jiao)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)”柱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩身上共有(you)(you)2000個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)柱，有(you)(you)200萬塊“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)”。這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)之間充(chong)滿膠質狀(zhuang)的(de)物質，可(ke)以起(qi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。每(mei)個“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)”的(de)表面(mian)(mian)分布有(you)(you)神(shen)經末(mo)梢，一(yi)面(mian)(mian)為負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，另一(yi)面(mian)(mian)則為正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)方向是(shi)從正極(ji)流到負極(ji)，也(ye)就是(shi)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩的(de)背面(mian)(mian)流到腹(fu)面(mian)(mian)。在神(shen)經脈(mo)沖的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下，這(zhe)兩個放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)就能(neng)把神(shen)經能(neng)變成為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來(lai)(lai)。單個“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)”產生(sheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓很(hen)微弱，可(ke)是(shi)，由于(yu)數(shu)量很(hen)多(duo)，就能(neng)發(fa)(fa)出很(hen)強的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)(lai)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩的(de)每(mei)一(yi)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)，只是(shi)肌(ji)纖維的(de)變態。發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)官是(shi)從某些鰓肌(ji)演(yan)變而來(lai)(lai)的(de)。在演(yan)變發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)過(guo)程中解除了腮肌(ji)原來(lai)(lai)的(de)職務，而承擔了新的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)——發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
自我保護
發電器最主要的(de)樞(shu)紐，是(shi)器官的(de)神經(jing)部(bu)分，電鰩(yao)能隨意(yi)放(fang)電，放(fang)電時間和(he)強(qiang)度，它(ta)完全(quan)能夠自己掌(zhang)握。電鰩(yao)可以發電,并(bing)靠發出(chu)的(de)電流擊(ji)斃水中的(de)小魚(yu)、蝦(xia)及其(qi)他的(de)小動(dong)物,是(shi)一種捕(bu)食(shi)和(he)打擊(ji)敵害的(de)手段。
世(shi)界(jie)上有好多種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao),其發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力(li)各(ge)不(bu)相(xiang)同。非(fei)洲(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一次(ci)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)220伏左右,中等(deng)大小(xiao)(xiao)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一次(ci)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)70～80伏,像較小(xiao)(xiao)的南美電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一次(ci)只(zhi)能發(fa)(fa)(fa)出37伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)會發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，人們叫它(ta)做活的發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)、活電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚等(deng)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)可以放(fang)出50安培的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓達(da)60～80伏(fu)，有海(hai)中“活電(dian)(dian)(dian)站”之稱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)每(mei)秒(miao)鐘能放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)50次，但連續放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流逐漸減弱，10～15秒(miao)鐘后完全(quan)消失，休息一會(hui)后又能重新恢復放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能力。
電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)特性啟發(fa)人(ren)們(men)發(fa)明和(he)創造(zao)了能貯存(cun)電(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)池。人(ren)們(men)日常生活中(zhong)所(suo)用的(de)干電(dian)(dian)池，在正負(fu)極間的(de)糊狀(zhuang)(zhuang)填充物，就是受電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)里的(de)膠狀(zhuang)(zhuang)物啟發(fa)而改(gai)進的(de)。
早在(zai)(zai)古希臘和羅馬時代，醫(yi)生(sheng)們常常把病人(ren)放(fang)到(dao)電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)身(shen)上，或者(zhe)讓病人(ren)去(qu)碰一(yi)下正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)池中放(fang)電(dian)的(de)電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)，利(li)用電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)放(fang)電(dian)來治療風濕(shi)癥(zheng)和癲狂癥(zheng)等(deng)病。就(jiu)是(shi)到(dao)了今天，在(zai)(zai)法國和意(yi)大利(li)沿海，還可(ke)能看到(dao)一(yi)些(xie)患有風濕(shi)病的(de)老(lao)年人(ren)，正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)退潮后的(de)海灘上尋找電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)，當(dang)做自(zi)己(ji)的(de)“醫(yi)生(sheng)”呢。
放電原因
1989年，在法國(guo)科學城舉辦了(le)一次饒有(you)趣味的(de)(de)(de)(de)“時(shi)鐘(zhong)”回顧展覽，一座用帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚(yu)放(fang)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來驅動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)鐘(zhong)，引起了(le)人們極大的(de)(de)(de)(de)興(xing)趣。這種(zhong)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚(yu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)十分(fen)(fen)有(you)規律，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)方向一分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)變換一次，因而被人稱為“天然(ran)報時(shi)鐘(zhong)”。常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚(yu)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鯰(nian)等。其中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)第二強了(le)。 它放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓可達300～500伏，足以把附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)魚(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)死，人和(he)牲畜碰上，全身(shen)也會(hui)麻痹。據計(ji)算，1萬條(tiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能聚集在一起，足夠使1列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)機車運行幾分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)。
放電原理
原來(lai)(lai)(lai)，電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)是活的(de)(de)“發電(dian)(dian)機”。它尾(wei)部(bu)兩側的(de)(de)肌(ji)肉(rou)，是由有規則地排列著的(de)(de)6000～10000枚肌(ji)肉(rou)薄(bo)片(pian)組成(cheng)(cheng)，薄(bo)片(pian)之(zhi)間有結(jie)締(di)組織(zhi)相隔，并(bing)有許多神(shen)經直(zhi)通中樞神(shen)經系統。每枚肌(ji)肉(rou)薄(bo)片(pian)像一(yi)個(ge)小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，只能(neng)產(chan)生(sheng)150毫伏的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，但近萬個(ge)“小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)”串聯起來(lai)(lai)(lai)，就可(ke)以(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)很(hen)高的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)尾(wei)部(bu)發出的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流，流向頭部(bu)的(de)(de)感受器，因此在(zai)它身體周圍形成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)弱電(dian)(dian)場(chang)。電(dian)(dian)鰻(man)中樞神(shen)經系統中有專門的(de)(de)細(xi)胞來(lai)(lai)(lai)監視(shi)電(dian)(dian)感受器的(de)(de)活動，并(bing)能(neng)根據監視(shi)分(fen)析的(de)(de)結(jie)果指揮(hui)電(dian)(dian)鰻(man)的(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)，決定采取捕(bu)食行(xing)為(wei)或(huo)避讓(rang)行(xing)為(wei)或(huo)其(qi)它行(xing)為(wei)。有人做過這么一(yi)個(ge)實驗：在(zai)水池(chi)(chi)中放置(zhi)兩根垂(chui)直(zhi)的(de)(de)導(dao)線(xian)，放入(ru)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)，并(bing)將水池(chi)(chi)放在(zai)黑暗的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)里，結(jie)果發現電(dian)(dian)鰻(man)總在(zai)導(dao)線(xian)中間穿梭(suo)，一(yi)點兒也不會碰導(dao)線(xian)；當導(dao)線(xian)通電(dian)(dian)后，電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)一(yi)下子就往后跑了。這說明電(dian)(dian)鰻(man)是靠“電(dian)(dian)感”來(lai)(lai)(lai)判斷周圍環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)。
電鰩放完(wan)體內蓄存(cun)的(de)電能(neng)后，要經過一段(duan)時(shi)間的(de)積聚(ju)，才能(neng)繼續(xu)放電。
世(shi)界上已知的(de)發電(dian)魚(yu)(yu)類達數十種(zhong)呢，其(qi)他會(hui)放電(dian)的(de)魚(yu)(yu)類還(huan)有電(dian)鯰、電(dian)鰻(man)等。
吸力超強電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩這(zhe)個新品種(zhong)是已知最大(da)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩家(jia)族單鰭電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩科(ke)的(de)成員(yuan)，它(ta)(ta)之所以能進入年(nian)度十(shi)大(da)發現(xian)(xian)新物種(zhong)排名榜中，是因(yin)為(wei)它(ta)(ta)的(de)屬名非常與眾(zhong)不同(tong)且(qie)很有趣。科(ke)學家(jia)拍攝的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩覓食錄像中顯示，這(zhe)種(zhong)魚可(ke)在水中像吸塵(chen)(chen)器一樣(yang)捕食獵物，或許能跟(gen)用來吸取地毯、家(jia)具(ju)和其他(ta)容易落灰塵(chen)(chen)的(de)現(xian)(xian)代家(jia)居用品表面(mian)的(de)雜物的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動吸塵(chen)(chen)器相(xiang)媲美。因(yin)此科(ke)學家(jia)按照伊萊(lai)克斯(electrolux)真空吸塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)名字給它(ta)(ta)命名。
精靈世界 
