電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao),軟骨魚(yu)(yu)綱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)目魚(yu)(yu)類的(de)(de)統稱(cheng)。最大(da)的(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)體(ti)可以達到(dao)2米，很少在(zai)0.3米以下。背(bei)腹扁平(ping)，頭和胸部在(zai)一起(qi)。尾部呈粗棒狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，像團扇。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)棲居在(zai)海底(di)，一對小眼(yan)長(chang)在(zai)背(bei)側(ce)面前方的(de)(de)中間(jian)。在(zai)頭胸部的(de)(de)腹面兩(liang)側(ce)各有(you)(you)一個(ge)(ge)腎臟形(xing)蜂(feng)窩狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。它們排列成(cheng)六角柱(zhu)體(ti)，叫(jiao)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”柱(zhu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)身(shen)上共有(you)(you)2000個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板柱(zhu)，有(you)(you)200萬塊(kuai)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”。這些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板之間(jian)充滿膠質(zhi)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi)，可以起(qi)絕緣作用。每個(ge)(ge)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”的(de)(de)表(biao)面分布有(you)(you)神經(jing)末梢(shao)，一面為(wei)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，另一面則為(wei)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)方向是從正(zheng)極(ji)流(liu)到(dao)負極(ji)，也就是從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)背(bei)面流(liu)到(dao)腹面。在(zai)神經(jing)脈(mo)沖的(de)(de)作用下，這兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器就能把(ba)神經(jing)能變(bian)成(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能，放(fang)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來。亦(yi)稱(cheng)torpedofish、numbfish或(huo)crampfish。共有(you)(you)3科(ke)10屬38種(zhong)，中國產2科(ke)5屬8種(zhong)，常見的(de)(de)如(ru)黑斑雙鰭電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)（Narcine maculata、舌形(xing)雙鰭電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)（N.lingula）、日本(ben)單鰭電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(Narka japonica)。
雙鰭電鰩科：分布于太(tai)平洋(yang)、印度(du)洋(yang)和大(da)西洋(yang)西部各沿岸海(hai)區；中國產(chan)3種，均只見于南海(hai)；
單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)科：分(fen)布(bu)于印度-西太平洋。中國有2屬2種：①單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)屬，只日本(ben)單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)，分(fen)布(bu)于中國沿海(hai)，朝鮮和日本(ben)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)沿海(hai)；②堅皮單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)屬，只堅皮單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)，分(fen)布(bu)于南(nan)(nan)海(hai)、東海(hai)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)及日本(ben)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)；
無(wu)鰭電鰩科(ke)：只1屬1種，分布于馬(ma)來(lai)半(ban)島(dao)、印度(du)支那南部(bu)沿岸。
眼小而突(tu)出；噴水(shui)孔(kong)邊(bian)緣(yuan)隆起；前鼻瓣(ban)寬大，伸達(da)(da)下唇(chun)；皮(pi)膚柔軟。背鰭(qi)一個(ge)。頭側與胸鰭(qi)間有大型發(fa)電(dian)器(qi)。體盤(pan)亞(ya)圓形。腹鰭(qi)外(wai)角不突(tu)出，后緣(yuan)平(ping)直。尾(wei)具(ju)側褶。背部(bu)赤褐色，具(ju)少數不規則(ze)暗斑。鰓孔(kong)5個(ge)，狹小，直行排(pai)列(lie)。齒細小而多(duo)。頭側與胸鰭(qi)間具(ju)1對發(fa)達(da)(da)的卵圓形發(fa)電(dian)器(qi)官，由肌肉組織變異而成，發(fa)電(dian)時(shi)的電(dian)壓一般在(zai)75-80v，最(zui)高可(ke)達(da)(da)200v。體表柔軟。尾(wei)鰭(qi)發(fa)達(da)(da)，體長可(ke)達(da)(da)1.5m，體重可(ke)達(da)(da)6.1kg。口小或中大，唇(chun)褶發(fa)達(da)(da)。眼小。
生境：近(jin)海底棲魚類。
分布(bu)：沿海(hai)，但(dan)很少見到(dao)。但(dan)在黃海(hai)、渤海(hai)中常見。
電(dian)鰩長約(yue)750px～2m，體柔軟，皮膚(fu)光(guang)滑，頭與胸鰭(qi)形(xing)成圓(yuan)或近(jin)于(yu)圓(yuan)形(xing)的(de)體盤(pan)(pan)。發電(dian)器(qi)一對，由變態的(de)肌肉組織構成，位于(yu)體盤(pan)(pan)內，頭部兩側能發電(dian)，用于(yu)防御和捕獲獵物，大型電(dian)鰩發出的(de)電(dian)流足以擊倒成人。
體盤 橢圓(yuan)形(xing)，寬(kuan)稍(shao)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)；尾寬(kuan)短(duan)，稍(shao)短(duan)于(yu)(yu)頭和(he)軀干(gan)之長(chang)(chang)，比體盤為長(chang)(chang)，側(ce)(ce)(ce)褶(zhe)很(hen)(hen)低，幾(ji)消失。吻(wen)(wen)(wen)頗長(chang)(chang)，前端廣圓(yuan)；吻(wen)(wen)(wen)軟(ruan)骨(gu)柔(rou)軟(ruan)，細長(chang)(chang)，正(zheng)中一(yi)條。眶前軟(ruan)骨(gu)很(hen)(hen)發達，側(ce)(ce)(ce)位，分(fen)作(zuo)多(duo)枝，里側(ce)(ce)(ce)以韌(ren)帶連于(yu)(yu)吻(wen)(wen)(wen)軟(ruan)骨(gu)基側(ce)(ce)(ce)。眼微(wei)小(xiao)，埋于(yu)(yu)皮下(xia)，位于(yu)(yu)噴水孔里側(ce)(ce)(ce)上(shang)角。噴水孔頗大，橢圓(yuan)形(xing)。邊緣(yuan)光滑(hua)，平(ping)(ping)坦或微(wei)突(tu)起。鼻(bi)孔小(xiao)；鼻(bi)口(kou)(kou)溝很(hen)(hen)短(duan)；前鼻(bi)瓣連合為一(yi)口(kou)(kou)蓋；后(hou)鼻(bi)瓣短(duan)小(xiao)，具一(yi)半環(huan)狀(zhuang)薄膜。口(kou)(kou)小(xiao)，平(ping)(ping)橫，口(kou)(kou)前具一(yi)深溝，能(neng)突(tu)出；口(kou)(kou)寬(kuan)約等于(yu)(yu)口(kou)(kou)前吻(wen)(wen)(wen)長(chang)(chang)2/5；唇軟(ruan)厚(hou)而皺；上(shang)唇分(fen)兩側(ce)(ce)(ce)和(he)中央(yang)三部(bu)；下(xia)唇寬(kuan)而連續。牙細小(xiao)而多(duo)，平(ping)(ping)扁，齒(chi)頭低平(ping)(ping)后(hou)突(tu)，上(shang)下(xia)頜各14~5縱行；齒(chi)面不(bu)外露。鰓孔很(hen)(hen)小(xiao)，直行排列。
胸部前(qian)延，到達鼻囊(nang)前(qian)緣(yuan)(yuan)的水平(ping)線，前(qian)端寬(kuan)廣地被軟吻軟骨(gu)(gu)及眶前(qian)軟骨(gu)(gu)隔開；前(qian)后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)連續，后(hou)部狹直(zhi)，無里緣(yuan)(yuan)和后(hou)角。腹(fu)鰭(qi)前(qian)角圓(yuan)鈍，顯著突出，后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)深凹(ao)，里緣(yuan)(yuan)很短可消(xiao)失，后(hou)角尖小(xiao)。背鰭(qi)一個，頗小(xiao)，起點在(zai)腹(fu)鰭(qi)基(ji)底之后(hou)，前(qian)、后(hou)、里緣(yuan)(yuan)分明，前(qian)后(hou)角圓(yuan)鈍，與尾(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)的距(ju)離稍短于背鰭(qi)基(ji)底長。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)鰭(qi)頗寬(kuan)大，上葉比下葉大，后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)與下緣(yuan)(yuan)斜圓(yuan)形。背面灰褐色(se)(se)或赤(chi)褐色(se)(se)，具不規則暗色(se)(se)斑塊。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)側(ce)白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)。體(ti)側(ce)在(zai)胸、腹(fu)鰭(qi)之間(jian)白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)；腹(fu)面白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)，體(ti)盤與腹(fu)鰭(qi)邊緣(yuan)(yuan)白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)；有時胸、腹(fu)外側(ce)和尾(wei)(wei)(wei)之后(hou)部褐色(se)(se)。
電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)科(Torpedinidae)、單鰭電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)科(Narkidae)、無鰭電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)科(Temeridae)魚(yu)類的(de)統(tong)稱，以(yi)能發(fa)電(dian)傷人(ren)而聞名(ming)。見(jian)于世(shi)界(jie)熱、溫帶水(shui)域。種類多，多棲(qi)於(wu)淺水(shui)，但深海電(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)屬(Benthobatis)等可生活於(wu)1,000公尺(3,300呎(chi))以(yi)下的(de)深水(shui)。活動緩慢，底(di)棲(qi)，以(yi)魚(yu)類及無脊椎動物(wu)為食。如不被觸(chu)及則對人(ren)無害(hai)，經(jing)濟價值微不足(zu)道。
長約30公(gong)分～2公(gong)尺(1～6呎)。體柔軟，皮膚光滑，頭與(yu)胸鰭形(xing)成(cheng)圓或近(jin)于圓形(xing)的體盤。發電(dian)器一對，由變(bian)態的肌肉組織構成(cheng)，位於體盤內(nei)，頭部兩側，能(neng)發電(dian)，用于防御和捕獲獵物(wu)，大(da)型電(dian)鰩發出的電(dian)流足以擊(ji)倒成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)。古希(xi)臘人(ren)(ren)及羅(luo)馬人(ren)(ren)用黑電(dian)鰩(Torpedo nobiliana)的電(dian)擊(ji)治(zhi)療痛風、頭痛等疾病。
軟骨(gu)魚綱電鰩目(mu)是板腮類魚的(de)(de)一個目(mu)，此目(mu)的(de)(de)魚腮裂(lie)和(he)(he)口都在腹位，有五個腮裂(lie)，身體平扁卵(luan)圓形，吻(wen)不突出，臀鰭(qi)消失，尾鰭(qi)很(hen)小(xiao)，胸(xiong)鰭(qi)寬大，胸(xiong)鰭(qi)前緣和(he)(he)體側相(xiang)連接(jie)。在胸(xiong)鰭(qi)和(he)(he)頭之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)身體每側有一個大的(de)(de)發電器官(guan)，能發電，以電擊敵人或獵物，卵(luan)胎生，分布(bu)在熱(re)帶(dai)和(he)(he)亞熱(re)帶(dai)近海，半埋在泥沙中等待獵物，一般體形較(jiao)小(xiao)，沒(mei)有食用價(jia)值(zhi)。根據(ju)背鰭(qi)的(de)(de)多少，分為三科：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)個體(ti)可(ke)(ke)以達到2米,很(hen)(hen)少在0.3米以下。背(bei)腹扁(bian)平,頭和(he)胸(xiong)部(bu)在一(yi)(yi)(yi)起。尾部(bu)呈(cheng)粗棒(bang)狀,像團(tuan)扇。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)棲居在海(hai)底,一(yi)(yi)(yi)對小眼長在背(bei)側(ce)面(mian)(mian)前方的(de)(de)(de)(de)中間(jian)。在頭胸(xiong)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)腹面(mian)(mian)兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)各(ge)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個腎(shen)臟(zang)形(xing)蜂窩(wo)狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。它們排列成(cheng)六角(jiao)柱體(ti)，叫(jiao)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”柱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)身上共有(you)2000個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板柱，有(you)200萬塊“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”。這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板之間(jian)充滿膠(jiao)質狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質，可(ke)(ke)以起絕緣作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。每個“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)分布有(you)神經末梢，一(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)為負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極，另一(yi)(yi)(yi)面(mian)(mian)則為正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)方向是(shi)(shi)從正極流到負極，也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)背(bei)面(mian)(mian)流到腹面(mian)(mian)。在神經脈沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下，這兩(liang)(liang)個放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)把(ba)神經能(neng)(neng)變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，放(fang)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來(lai)(lai)。單個“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓很(hen)(hen)微(wei)弱，可(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)，由于數(shu)量很(hen)(hen)多，就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)出很(hen)(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)(lai)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板，只是(shi)(shi)肌(ji)纖維的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)態。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器官是(shi)(shi)從某些鰓肌(ji)演(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)而(er)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。在演(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)發(fa)生過程中解除了腮肌(ji)原來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)職務，而(er)承擔了新的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)——發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
自我保護
發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)器最主要的(de)樞紐，是器官的(de)神經(jing)部(bu)分，電(dian)(dian)鰩能隨意放電(dian)(dian)，放電(dian)(dian)時間和強(qiang)度(du)，它完全能夠自己(ji)掌握(wo)。電(dian)(dian)鰩可以發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian),并(bing)靠(kao)發(fa)(fa)出的(de)電(dian)(dian)流擊(ji)斃(bi)水中的(de)小魚、蝦(xia)及其他的(de)小動(dong)物,是一種捕食和打擊(ji)敵害的(de)手(shou)段。
世界(jie)上(shang)有好多種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩,其發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力(li)各不相(xiang)同。非(fei)洲(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩一(yi)次(ci)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在220伏(fu)(fu)左右,中(zhong)等大小的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩一(yi)次(ci)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在70～80伏(fu)(fu),像較小的(de)南(nan)美電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩一(yi)次(ci)只(zhi)能發出37伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩會發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，人們叫它做活的(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機、活電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚(yu)等。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)可(ke)以放(fang)出(chu)50安培的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓達60～80伏，有海中“活電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)”之(zhi)稱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)每秒(miao)鐘能放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)50次，但連續(xu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)逐漸(jian)減弱，10～15秒(miao)鐘后(hou)完全消失，休息一(yi)會后(hou)又能重新恢(hui)復放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能力。
電(dian)(dian)鰩的放電(dian)(dian)特性啟發人(ren)們發明和(he)創造了能貯存電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)池。人(ren)們日常生活中所用的干電(dian)(dian)池，在(zai)正負極間(jian)的糊狀填(tian)充物(wu)，就是受(shou)電(dian)(dian)鰩發電(dian)(dian)器里的膠狀物(wu)啟發而改進的。
早在(zai)古希(xi)臘和羅馬時代，醫生(sheng)們常常把病人(ren)放到(dao)電(dian)鰩身上(shang)，或者讓病人(ren)去碰一下(xia)正在(zai)池中放電(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)鰩，利(li)用電(dian)鰩放電(dian)來治療風(feng)(feng)濕癥和癲狂癥等病。就是(shi)到(dao)了今天(tian)，在(zai)法國(guo)和意大利(li)沿海，還可能看到(dao)一些(xie)患有風(feng)(feng)濕病的(de)(de)老(lao)年人(ren)，正在(zai)退潮(chao)后的(de)(de)海灘上(shang)尋找電(dian)鰩，當做(zuo)自己(ji)的(de)(de)“醫生(sheng)”呢。
放電原因
1989年，在法國科學城(cheng)舉辦了一次(ci)饒有(you)趣味的(de)(de)“時(shi)鐘”回顧展覽，一座用帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚(yu)放(fang)出的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來驅動的(de)(de)時(shi)鐘，引起(qi)了人們極大的(de)(de)興趣。這(zhe)種帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚(yu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)十(shi)分(fen)有(you)規律，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)方(fang)向一分(fen)鐘變換一次(ci)，因(yin)而(er)被(bei)人稱為“天(tian)然報時(shi)鐘”。常見的(de)(de)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚(yu)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鯰等。其中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力第二強了。 它放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓可達300～500伏，足(zu)以把附近的(de)(de)魚(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)死，人和牲畜(chu)碰(peng)上(shang)，全(quan)身(shen)也會麻痹。據計算，1萬條電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能聚集在一起(qi)，足(zu)夠使(shi)1列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力機車運行幾分(fen)鐘。
放電原理
原來，電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)是活的(de)(de)“發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機”。它尾部兩側的(de)(de)肌肉，是由有(you)(you)規則地排列著的(de)(de)6000～10000枚肌肉薄(bo)(bo)片(pian)組成(cheng)，薄(bo)(bo)片(pian)之間有(you)(you)結締組織相隔(ge)，并(bing)有(you)(you)許多神經(jing)直通中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞神經(jing)系(xi)統。每枚肌肉薄(bo)(bo)片(pian)像一(yi)個(ge)小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，只(zhi)能(neng)產生150毫伏的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，但(dan)近萬個(ge)“小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)”串聯(lian)起來，就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)產生很(hen)高的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)尾部發(fa)出(chu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，流(liu)向頭部的(de)(de)感受(shou)器(qi)，因此在(zai)它身(shen)體周圍形成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)弱(ruo)電(dian)(dian)場。電(dian)(dian)鰻中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞神經(jing)系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)專門的(de)(de)細(xi)胞來監視電(dian)(dian)感受(shou)器(qi)的(de)(de)活動(dong)，并(bing)能(neng)根(gen)據(ju)監視分析的(de)(de)結果(guo)指揮電(dian)(dian)鰻的(de)(de)行(xing)為，決定采取捕食行(xing)為或避(bi)讓(rang)行(xing)為或其它行(xing)為。有(you)(you)人做(zuo)過這(zhe)(zhe)么一(yi)個(ge)實驗：在(zai)水池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)放(fang)置兩根(gen)垂直的(de)(de)導(dao)線(xian)，放(fang)入電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)，并(bing)將水池(chi)放(fang)在(zai)黑(hei)暗的(de)(de)環境里，結果(guo)發(fa)現電(dian)(dian)鰻總在(zai)導(dao)線(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間穿梭，一(yi)點(dian)兒也不會碰導(dao)線(xian)；當(dang)導(dao)線(xian)通電(dian)(dian)后(hou)，電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一(yi)下子就(jiu)往后(hou)跑了。這(zhe)(zhe)說明電(dian)(dian)鰻是靠“電(dian)(dian)感”來判(pan)斷周圍環境的(de)(de)。
電(dian)鰩放完(wan)體內蓄存(cun)的(de)電(dian)能后，要經過(guo)一(yi)段時間的(de)積聚，才能繼續放電(dian)。
世(shi)界上已(yi)知(zhi)的發電魚類(lei)達(da)數十種呢(ni)，其他會(hui)放(fang)電的魚類(lei)還有電鯰(nian)、電鰻等。
吸力(li)超強電(dian)鰩這個新品種(zhong)是已知最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)鰩家(jia)族單鰭電(dian)鰩科的(de)(de)(de)(de)成員，它(ta)之所以(yi)能進入(ru)年(nian)度十大發(fa)現新物(wu)種(zhong)排名(ming)榜中，是因為它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)屬名(ming)非(fei)常與眾不同且很有(you)趣。科學家(jia)拍攝(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)鰩覓食錄(lu)像(xiang)中顯示(shi)，這種(zhong)魚可在水(shui)中像(xiang)吸塵(chen)器一樣捕(bu)食獵物(wu)，或(huo)許能跟用來(lai)吸取地毯、家(jia)具和其他容易落灰塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現代家(jia)居用品表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)雜物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動吸塵(chen)器相媲美。因此科學家(jia)按(an)照伊萊克斯(electrolux)真空吸塵(chen)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)字給它(ta)命(ming)名(ming)。
精靈世界 
