電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao),軟骨(gu)魚綱電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)目魚類的(de)統稱。最大的(de)個體可以(yi)達到2米(mi)，很少在0.3米(mi)以(yi)下。背腹扁平，頭(tou)(tou)和(he)胸部在一(yi)起。尾部呈粗棒狀，像團(tuan)扇。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)棲居(ju)在海(hai)底，一(yi)對小眼長在背側面(mian)(mian)前方(fang)的(de)中間。在頭(tou)(tou)胸部的(de)腹面(mian)(mian)兩側各有(you)(you)一(yi)個腎(shen)臟形蜂窩(wo)狀的(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。它們(men)排列成六角柱體，叫“電(dian)(dian)(dian)板”柱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)身上共(gong)有(you)(you)2000個電(dian)(dian)(dian)板柱，有(you)(you)200萬塊“電(dian)(dian)(dian)板”。這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)(dian)板之間充滿膠質(zhi)狀的(de)物質(zhi)，可以(yi)起絕緣作用(yong)。每(mei)個“電(dian)(dian)(dian)板”的(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)分布有(you)(you)神(shen)經(jing)末梢，一(yi)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)，另一(yi)面(mian)(mian)則為(wei)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)方(fang)向是從正極(ji)(ji)流(liu)到負極(ji)(ji)，也就是從電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)的(de)背面(mian)(mian)流(liu)到腹面(mian)(mian)。在神(shen)經(jing)脈沖的(de)作用(yong)下，這(zhe)兩個放電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)就能把(ba)神(shen)經(jing)能變成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能，放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)來。亦(yi)稱torpedofish、numbfish或crampfish。共(gong)有(you)(you)3科10屬38種(zhong)，中國產2科5屬8種(zhong)，常見的(de)如黑斑雙鰭電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)（Narcine maculata、舌形雙鰭電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)（N.lingula）、日本單鰭電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(Narka japonica)。
雙鰭電鰩科：分布于太平(ping)洋(yang)、印度洋(yang)和大西(xi)洋(yang)西(xi)部各(ge)沿岸海區；中國產3種(zhong)，均只見于南海；
單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)電鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)科：分(fen)布(bu)于印度-西太平洋(yang)。中國有2屬2種(zhong)：①單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)電鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)屬，只日(ri)本(ben)單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)電鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)，分(fen)布(bu)于中國沿(yan)(yan)海，朝鮮和日(ri)本(ben)南(nan)部(bu)沿(yan)(yan)海；②堅皮單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)電鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)屬，只堅皮單(dan)鰭(qi)(qi)電鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)，分(fen)布(bu)于南(nan)海、東海南(nan)部(bu)及日(ri)本(ben)南(nan)部(bu)；
無鰭電鰩科：只1屬1種，分(fen)布于馬(ma)來半島(dao)、印度支那南部沿岸。
眼(yan)小(xiao)而突出；噴水孔邊緣(yuan)隆起；前(qian)鼻瓣(ban)寬大，伸達(da)(da)(da)下(xia)唇；皮膚柔(rou)軟。背鰭(qi)一個(ge)(ge)。頭側(ce)與胸鰭(qi)間有大型發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)器。體(ti)盤亞圓形。腹鰭(qi)外角(jiao)不突出，后緣(yuan)平直。尾(wei)具(ju)側(ce)褶。背部赤褐色，具(ju)少數不規(gui)則暗斑。鰓孔5個(ge)(ge)，狹小(xiao)，直行排列。齒(chi)細小(xiao)而多。頭側(ce)與胸鰭(qi)間具(ju)1對發(fa)(fa)達(da)(da)(da)的卵(luan)圓形發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)器官，由肌肉組織(zhi)變異(yi)而成，發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)時的電(dian)(dian)壓一般在75-80v，最(zui)高可(ke)達(da)(da)(da)200v。體(ti)表柔(rou)軟。尾(wei)鰭(qi)發(fa)(fa)達(da)(da)(da)，體(ti)長可(ke)達(da)(da)(da)1.5m，體(ti)重(zhong)可(ke)達(da)(da)(da)6.1kg。口(kou)小(xiao)或(huo)中大，唇褶發(fa)(fa)達(da)(da)(da)。眼(yan)小(xiao)。
生境：近海(hai)底棲魚類。
分(fen)布：沿海，但很少(shao)見到。但在黃海、渤海中常見。
電(dian)鰩(yao)長約750px～2m，體柔軟(ruan)，皮膚(fu)光滑(hua)，頭與(yu)胸鰭形成(cheng)圓(yuan)或近(jin)于(yu)圓(yuan)形的體盤。發電(dian)器一對，由變態(tai)的肌肉組織構(gou)成(cheng)，位于(yu)體盤內，頭部兩側(ce)能發電(dian)，用于(yu)防御(yu)和捕獲獵物，大(da)型電(dian)鰩(yao)發出(chu)的電(dian)流足以擊倒(dao)成(cheng)人。
體(ti)盤 橢圓形(xing)(xing)，寬(kuan)稍(shao)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)長(chang)(chang)；尾(wei)寬(kuan)短(duan)，稍(shao)短(duan)于(yu)頭(tou)和軀干之長(chang)(chang)，比體(ti)盤為(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)，側(ce)(ce)褶很(hen)低(di)，幾消(xiao)失。吻(wen)頗(po)長(chang)(chang)，前(qian)(qian)端廣圓；吻(wen)軟(ruan)(ruan)骨(gu)柔軟(ruan)(ruan)，細長(chang)(chang)，正中一(yi)條。眶前(qian)(qian)軟(ruan)(ruan)骨(gu)很(hen)發達，側(ce)(ce)位，分(fen)作多(duo)枝，里側(ce)(ce)以韌帶連于(yu)吻(wen)軟(ruan)(ruan)骨(gu)基側(ce)(ce)。眼微小(xiao)(xiao)，埋于(yu)皮下，位于(yu)噴水(shui)孔(kong)里側(ce)(ce)上(shang)角。噴水(shui)孔(kong)頗(po)大，橢圓形(xing)(xing)。邊緣光滑，平(ping)坦或微突(tu)起(qi)。鼻(bi)孔(kong)小(xiao)(xiao)；鼻(bi)口溝很(hen)短(duan)；前(qian)(qian)鼻(bi)瓣連合為(wei)(wei)一(yi)口蓋；后鼻(bi)瓣短(duan)小(xiao)(xiao)，具(ju)一(yi)半環狀(zhuang)薄膜(mo)。口小(xiao)(xiao)，平(ping)橫，口前(qian)(qian)具(ju)一(yi)深溝，能突(tu)出(chu)；口寬(kuan)約等于(yu)口前(qian)(qian)吻(wen)長(chang)(chang)2/5；唇(chun)軟(ruan)(ruan)厚(hou)而皺；上(shang)唇(chun)分(fen)兩側(ce)(ce)和中央三部；下唇(chun)寬(kuan)而連續。牙細小(xiao)(xiao)而多(duo)，平(ping)扁，齒(chi)頭(tou)低(di)平(ping)后突(tu)，上(shang)下頜各(ge)14~5縱行；齒(chi)面不(bu)外露。鰓孔(kong)很(hen)小(xiao)(xiao)，直行排列。
胸部前(qian)(qian)(qian)延，到達鼻囊(nang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)緣(yuan)(yuan)的水平線(xian)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)端(duan)寬(kuan)廣地被軟(ruan)吻軟(ruan)骨(gu)及眶前(qian)(qian)(qian)軟(ruan)骨(gu)隔開；前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)連(lian)續，后(hou)部狹直，無里(li)緣(yuan)(yuan)和后(hou)角。腹(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)角圓(yuan)鈍(dun)，顯著突出，后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)深凹，里(li)緣(yuan)(yuan)很(hen)短可(ke)消失，后(hou)角尖小(xiao)。背(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)一個(ge)，頗小(xiao)，起(qi)點在(zai)腹(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)基底(di)之后(hou)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)、后(hou)、里(li)緣(yuan)(yuan)分明，前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)角圓(yuan)鈍(dun)，與(yu)尾(wei)基的距離稍短于(yu)背(bei)鰭(qi)(qi)基底(di)長。尾(wei)鰭(qi)(qi)頗寬(kuan)大，上葉比下葉大，后(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)下緣(yuan)(yuan)斜圓(yuan)形。背(bei)面(mian)灰(hui)褐(he)(he)色(se)(se)或赤(chi)褐(he)(he)色(se)(se)，具不規則暗色(se)(se)斑(ban)塊。尾(wei)側(ce)(ce)白(bai)色(se)(se)。體側(ce)(ce)在(zai)胸、腹(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)之間白(bai)色(se)(se)；腹(fu)面(mian)白(bai)色(se)(se)，體盤(pan)與(yu)腹(fu)鰭(qi)(qi)邊緣(yuan)(yuan)白(bai)色(se)(se)；有時(shi)胸、腹(fu)外側(ce)(ce)和尾(wei)之后(hou)部褐(he)(he)色(se)(se)。
電(dian)鰩科(ke)(Torpedinidae)、單鰭電(dian)鰩科(ke)(Narkidae)、無(wu)(wu)鰭電(dian)鰩科(ke)(Temeridae)魚(yu)類的(de)統稱，以(yi)能(neng)發電(dian)傷人(ren)(ren)而(er)聞名。見于世界熱、溫(wen)帶水域。種類多(duo)，多(duo)棲(qi)(qi)於(wu)淺(qian)水，但深海電(dian)鰩屬(Benthobatis)等可生活(huo)於(wu)1,000公尺(3,300呎)以(yi)下的(de)深水。活(huo)動緩(huan)慢，底棲(qi)(qi)，以(yi)魚(yu)類及無(wu)(wu)脊(ji)椎動物為食。如不被觸及則對人(ren)(ren)無(wu)(wu)害，經(jing)濟(ji)價值微不足(zu)道。
長約30公(gong)分～2公(gong)尺(1～6呎)。體柔軟，皮膚光滑，頭(tou)與胸鰭(qi)形成(cheng)圓或近于(yu)圓形的(de)(de)體盤。發(fa)(fa)電器一對(dui)，由變態(tai)的(de)(de)肌肉組織構成(cheng)，位(wei)於體盤內，頭(tou)部兩側(ce)，能發(fa)(fa)電，用于(yu)防御和捕(bu)獲(huo)獵(lie)物，大型電鰩發(fa)(fa)出的(de)(de)電流足(zu)以擊倒成(cheng)人。古希臘人及羅馬人用黑電鰩(Torpedo nobiliana)的(de)(de)電擊治(zhi)療痛風、頭(tou)痛等疾病。
軟骨(gu)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)綱(gang)電鰩目是板(ban)腮(sai)(sai)(sai)類魚(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)目，此目的(de)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)腮(sai)(sai)(sai)裂(lie)和口都在(zai)腹位，有(you)五(wu)個(ge)腮(sai)(sai)(sai)裂(lie)，身體(ti)平扁卵圓形(xing)，吻不突出，臀鰭(qi)消(xiao)失，尾鰭(qi)很小(xiao)，胸鰭(qi)寬(kuan)大(da)(da)，胸鰭(qi)前緣和體(ti)側相連(lian)接(jie)。在(zai)胸鰭(qi)和頭之間(jian)的(de)身體(ti)每側有(you)一(yi)個(ge)大(da)(da)的(de)發電器(qi)官，能發電，以電擊敵(di)人(ren)或獵物，卵胎生，分布在(zai)熱(re)帶和亞熱(re)帶近(jin)海(hai)，半埋(mai)在(zai)泥沙(sha)中等(deng)待獵物，一(yi)般(ban)體(ti)形(xing)較(jiao)小(xiao)，沒有(you)食用價值(zhi)。根(gen)據背(bei)鰭(qi)的(de)多少，分為三(san)科：
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)(ge)體可以達到(dao)2米(mi)(mi),很少在(zai)0.3米(mi)(mi)以下。背腹扁平,頭和(he)胸(xiong)部(bu)在(zai)一起。尾部(bu)呈粗棒狀(zhuang),像團扇。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)棲居在(zai)海底,一對(dui)小眼(yan)長在(zai)背側面(mian)(mian)前方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中間(jian)。在(zai)頭胸(xiong)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腹面(mian)(mian)兩側各(ge)有一個(ge)(ge)(ge)腎臟形蜂窩狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。它們排列(lie)成六角柱(zhu)體，叫(jiao)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”柱(zhu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)身上(shang)共有2000個(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板柱(zhu)，有200萬塊“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”。這些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板之間(jian)充滿膠質狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物質，可以起絕緣作(zuo)(zuo)用。每(mei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)分布有神(shen)(shen)經(jing)末梢，一面(mian)(mian)為(wei)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極，另(ling)一面(mian)(mian)則為(wei)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向是(shi)(shi)從正極流(liu)(liu)到(dao)負極，也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背面(mian)(mian)流(liu)(liu)到(dao)腹面(mian)(mian)。在(zai)神(shen)(shen)經(jing)脈沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用下，這兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)把神(shen)(shen)經(jing)能(neng)(neng)變成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來(lai)。單個(ge)(ge)(ge)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板”產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓很微弱，可是(shi)(shi)，由(you)于數量很多，就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)出很強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板，只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)肌(ji)纖維的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變態。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)官是(shi)(shi)從某些(xie)鰓(sai)肌(ji)演(yan)變而(er)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)演(yan)變發(fa)生過(guo)程中解除了(le)腮肌(ji)原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職務(wu)，而(er)承擔了(le)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用——發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
自我保護
發電(dian)(dian)器最(zui)主要的(de)樞紐，是(shi)器官的(de)神經部(bu)分，電(dian)(dian)鰩能隨(sui)意放電(dian)(dian)，放電(dian)(dian)時間和強度，它完全能夠(gou)自己(ji)掌握。電(dian)(dian)鰩可(ke)以發電(dian)(dian),并靠發出的(de)電(dian)(dian)流擊斃水中的(de)小(xiao)魚、蝦及(ji)其他(ta)的(de)小(xiao)動物,是(shi)一種捕食和打擊敵害的(de)手(shou)段。
世界上(shang)有好多種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao),其發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力各不相同。非洲電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一次(ci)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在220伏(fu)左右,中等大小的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一次(ci)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在70～80伏(fu),像(xiang)較小的(de)南美電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一次(ci)只(zhi)能發(fa)出37伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)會發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，人(ren)們叫它做活的(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機、活電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)魚等。
電(dian)鰩(yao)可以放(fang)(fang)出50安培的電(dian)流，電(dian)壓達60～80伏，有海中“活電(dian)站”之(zhi)稱。電(dian)鰩(yao)每秒鐘能放(fang)(fang)電(dian)50次，但連(lian)續放(fang)(fang)電(dian)后，電(dian)流逐漸減弱，10～15秒鐘后完全消失，休(xiu)息一會后又能重新恢復放(fang)(fang)電(dian)能力。
電(dian)鰩的(de)(de)放電(dian)特(te)性啟發人們(men)(men)發明(ming)和創(chuang)造(zao)了能貯存(cun)電(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)。人們(men)(men)日常生活中所用(yong)的(de)(de)干電(dian)池(chi)，在正負極間的(de)(de)糊(hu)狀(zhuang)填充物(wu)，就是受電(dian)鰩發電(dian)器里的(de)(de)膠狀(zhuang)物(wu)啟發而改(gai)進的(de)(de)。
早在(zai)古希臘和(he)羅馬時(shi)代，醫生(sheng)(sheng)們(men)常常把病(bing)人放到電(dian)(dian)鰩身上，或(huo)者讓(rang)病(bing)人去碰一(yi)下(xia)正(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)池中放電(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)鰩，利(li)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)鰩放電(dian)(dian)來治療(liao)風(feng)濕(shi)癥和(he)癲狂癥等病(bing)。就是到了今天，在(zai)法國和(he)意(yi)大利(li)沿海，還(huan)可(ke)能看到一(yi)些患有風(feng)濕(shi)病(bing)的(de)老年人，正(zheng)(zheng)在(zai)退潮后(hou)的(de)海灘(tan)上尋找電(dian)(dian)鰩，當(dang)做(zuo)自己的(de)“醫生(sheng)(sheng)”呢(ni)。
放電原因
1989年，在法國科學城舉辦了(le)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)饒有(you)趣味的(de)“時鐘”回顧(gu)展覽，一(yi)(yi)座用帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)魚(yu)放出的(de)電(dian)(dian)來驅動的(de)時鐘，引起(qi)了(le)人們極大的(de)興(xing)趣。這(zhe)種帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)魚(yu)放電(dian)(dian)十分有(you)規律(lv)，電(dian)(dian)流的(de)方(fang)向一(yi)(yi)分鐘變換一(yi)(yi)次(ci)，因而被人稱(cheng)為“天然報時鐘”。常見的(de)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)魚(yu)有(you)電(dian)(dian)鰻、電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)、電(dian)(dian)鯰等。其(qi)中電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)電(dian)(dian)力第二強了(le)。 它放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓可達300～500伏，足(zu)以把附近的(de)魚(yu)電(dian)(dian)死，人和牲畜碰(peng)上，全身(shen)也會麻痹。據計算，1萬條電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)聚集在一(yi)(yi)起(qi)，足(zu)夠使1列電(dian)(dian)力機車運(yun)行幾分鐘。
放電原理
原(yuan)來，電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)是活的(de)“發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機”。它(ta)尾部(bu)(bu)兩側的(de)肌(ji)肉，是由(you)有(you)(you)規則地排列著的(de)6000～10000枚肌(ji)肉薄(bo)片(pian)組(zu)成，薄(bo)片(pian)之間有(you)(you)結(jie)締(di)組(zu)織(zhi)相(xiang)隔，并有(you)(you)許多神(shen)經直通中(zhong)樞神(shen)經系統(tong)。每枚肌(ji)肉薄(bo)片(pian)像一(yi)(yi)(yi)個小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，只能產(chan)生150毫(hao)伏(fu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，但近萬個“小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)”串聯起來，就(jiu)可以(yi)產(chan)生很高的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)尾部(bu)(bu)發出(chu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，流向頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)的(de)感(gan)受(shou)器，因此在(zai)(zai)它(ta)身體周圍(wei)形(xing)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)個弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)(man)中(zhong)樞神(shen)經系統(tong)中(zhong)有(you)(you)專門的(de)細(xi)胞來監視(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)受(shou)器的(de)活動，并能根(gen)據監視(shi)分(fen)析的(de)結(jie)果(guo)指揮電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)(man)的(de)行為，決定采(cai)取捕食行為或避(bi)讓(rang)行為或其(qi)它(ta)行為。有(you)(you)人做過(guo)這(zhe)么(me)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個實驗：在(zai)(zai)水池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)放置兩根(gen)垂直的(de)導線，放入電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)，并將(jiang)水池(chi)(chi)(chi)放在(zai)(zai)黑暗的(de)環境(jing)里，結(jie)果(guo)發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)(man)總在(zai)(zai)導線中(zhong)間穿(chuan)梭，一(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)兒也(ye)不(bu)會碰導線；當導線通電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)子就(jiu)往后跑了。這(zhe)說明電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)(man)是靠“電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)”來判斷周圍(wei)環境(jing)的(de)。
電鰩放完體內蓄存的電能后，要經過一段時間的積(ji)聚，才能繼(ji)續放電。
世(shi)界上已知(zhi)的(de)(de)發電魚(yu)(yu)類達數十種呢，其他會放電的(de)(de)魚(yu)(yu)類還有電鯰、電鰻等。
吸(xi)力超強電(dian)鰩這(zhe)個新品(pin)種(zhong)是已知最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)電(dian)鰩家(jia)族單鰭電(dian)鰩科(ke)的(de)(de)成員，它(ta)之所以(yi)能(neng)(neng)進入(ru)年度(du)十大(da)發現新物(wu)種(zhong)排名(ming)(ming)(ming)榜(bang)中，是因為它(ta)的(de)(de)屬名(ming)(ming)(ming)非(fei)常與眾不同(tong)且很有趣。科(ke)學家(jia)拍(pai)攝的(de)(de)電(dian)鰩覓(mi)食錄像中顯示，這(zhe)種(zhong)魚可(ke)在水中像吸(xi)塵器一樣(yang)捕食獵物(wu)，或(huo)許能(neng)(neng)跟用(yong)來吸(xi)取地毯、家(jia)具和其他容易落灰塵的(de)(de)現代家(jia)居用(yong)品(pin)表面的(de)(de)雜物(wu)的(de)(de)電(dian)動吸(xi)塵器相媲美。因此科(ke)學家(jia)按(an)照伊萊(lai)克斯(electrolux)真(zhen)空吸(xi)塵器的(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字給它(ta)命名(ming)(ming)(ming)。
精靈世界 
