曾生(sheng)(1910~1995),原名(ming)振聲(sheng),清歸善坪(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)石灰(hui)陂(po)(今屬(shu)深圳市龍(long)崗區)人(ren)。父親曾庭杰是澳(ao)大(da)(da)利亞華(hua)僑(qiao),母(mu)親鐘(zhong)玉珍是龍(long)崗圩沙梨村(cun)人(ren)。幼年(nian)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)在坪(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、龍(long)崗和香(xiang)港(gang)讀(du)小學(xue)(xue)。1923年(nian)(民(min)國12年(nian))秋前(qian)往澳(ao)大(da)(da)利亞悉尼市,先(xian)后(hou)(hou)就讀(du)補習學(xue)(xue)校和商業學(xue)(xue)院中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)專(zhuan)部。1928年(nian)底回(hui)坪(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。1929年(nian)赴(fu)廣(guang)州(zhou)考入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)附中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)預科,被(bei)推(tui)(tui)選為廣(guang)州(zhou)惠陽青(qing)年(nian)同鄉會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)長。1933年(nian)7月(yue)(yue),入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)文學(xue)(xue)院教育(yu)系就讀(du)。在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)習期間,接觸(chu)許多進(jin)步書(shu)刊,成立(li)讀(du)書(shu)會(hui)(hui),編印《鐵(tie)輪》雜(za)志,刊登反(fan)帝反(fan)封建文章。1934年(nian)冬(dong),加入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國青(qing)年(nian)同盟(簡稱“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)青(qing)”),任中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)平(ping)(ping)民(min)夜(ye)校校長,并以該校為陣地策劃學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)。同時(shi),還參加突進(jin)社、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族革命大(da)(da)同盟、力社等(deng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共外圍組(zu)(zu)織(zhi),開展抗(kang)日救(jiu)(jiu)亡(wang)活(huo)動(dong)。1935年(nian)北平(ping)(ping)“一二·九(jiu)”運(yun)(yun)動(dong)爆發后(hou)(hou),被(bei)推(tui)(tui)選為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)員(yuan)生(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)友抗(kang)日會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)團主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)、廣(guang)州(zhou)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)抗(kang)日聯合會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)席(xi)(xi),組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)和領導廣(guang)州(zhou)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)的抗(kang)日救(jiu)(jiu)亡(wang)活(huo)動(dong)。不久,遭到廣(guang)州(zhou)國民(min)黨當局通(tong)緝。1936年(nian)1月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬前(qian)往香(xiang)港(gang),在香(xiang)港(gang)海(hai)員(yuan)社團組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)余(yu)閑樂(le)社創辦刊物《余(yu)閑》。旋(xuan)到“日本皇后(hou)(hou)”號遠洋客(ke)輪當海(hai)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren),在海(hai)員(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宣傳(chuan)抗(kang)日救(jiu)(jiu)亡(wang)。隨后(hou)(hou),經赤色海(hai)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)負責(ze)人(ren)丘金推(tui)(tui)薦,任余(yu)閑樂(le)社負責(ze)人(ren),領導香(xiang)港(gang)海(hai)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)。1936年(nian)4月(yue)(yue),回(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)復讀(du),10月(yue)(yue)加入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共產(chan)黨。12月(yue)(yue)任中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共香(xiang)港(gang)海(hai)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)(簡稱“香(xiang)港(gang)海(hai)委”,直屬(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共南(nan)臨委領導)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)部長。1937年(nian)7月(yue)(yue),在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)畢業。8月(yue)(yue)在香(xiang)港(gang)創辦海(hai)華(hua)學(xue)(xue)校,自(zi)任校長。該校培養了大(da)(da)批青(qing)年(nian)抗(kang)日骨干。同月(yue)(yue)香(xiang)港(gang)海(hai)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)成立(li)后(hou)(hou),任該會(hui)(hui)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)部長,組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)海(hai)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)罷工(gong)(gong)(gong),開展抗(kang)日救(jiu)(jiu)亡(wang)活(huo)動(dong)。
1938年初,接替中(zhong)共(gong)香(xiang)港(gang)(gang)海(hai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)書(shu)記職務,不久被(bei)選為中(zhong)共(gong)廣東(dong)省(sheng)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)候(hou)補委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。在他的(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)下,中(zhong)共(gong)香(xiang)港(gang)(gang)海(hai)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)和香(xiang)港(gang)(gang)海(hai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)人運動得到蓬(peng)勃發(fa)展。同時(shi),他還努力(li)做(zuo)好香(xiang)港(gang)(gang)惠(hui)陽(yang)青(qing)年會(hui)(簡稱“惠(hui)青(qing)”)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),發(fa)動香(xiang)港(gang)(gang)海(hai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和“惠(hui)青(qing)”成員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)參加香(xiang)港(gang)(gang)惠(hui)陽(yang)青(qing)年會(hui)回鄉救亡(wang)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)團,回惠(hui)陽(yang)淡水地區(qu)開展抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)救亡(wang)活動。10月(yue),日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)在惠(hui)陽(yang)大亞灣登陸,惠(hui)州、廣州相繼(ji)淪(lun)陷。10月(yue)24日(ri)(ri),曾生與周伯明、謝鶴籌等(deng)根據中(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)央指示組(zu)成臨時(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)組(zu),率領(ling)(ling)(ling)在港(gang)(gang)的(de)共(gong)產黨員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、進步工(gong)人及(ji)青(qing)年學(xue)生等(deng)60多(duo)人分(fen)批回到惠(hui)陽(yang)坪山(shan)。10月(yue)30日(ri)(ri),在坪山(shan)成立(li)中(zhong)共(gong)惠(hui)(陽(yang))寶(bao)(安)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui),任書(shu)記。12月(yue)2日(ri)(ri),在惠(hui)陽(yang)周田村(cun)成立(li)惠(hui)寶(bao)人民(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)游(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)總隊(dui),曾生任總隊(dui)長。游(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)總隊(dui)有100多(duo)人,在惠(hui)、寶(bao)沿海(hai)地區(qu)開展抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)游(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)戰(zhan)爭。12月(yue)10日(ri)(ri),惠(hui)陽(yang)縣第一個抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)民(min)主(zhu)政權(quan),即惠(hui)陽(yang)縣第二區(qu)行政委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)在淡水成立(li)。12月(yue)中(zhong)旬(xun),惠(hui)寶(bao)人民(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)游(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)總隊(dui)以坪山(shan)為基地,與王(wang)作(zuo)(zuo)堯(yao)等(deng)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)的(de)東(dong)(莞)寶(bao)(安)惠(hui)(陽(yang))邊人民(min)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)游(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)大隊(dui)互相配合(he),并肩戰(zhan)斗,初步打(da)開了東(dong)江敵(di)后抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)游(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)戰(zhan)爭的(de)局面。
1939年春,中共廣(guang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)省委成立東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)軍事(shi)委員會,曾生任(ren)委員。同年5月,惠寶人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)抗(kang)日(ri)游(you)(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)改稱第(di)四戰區(qu)第(di)三游(you)(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)縱隊(dui)(dui)(dui)新編大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui),取得合法地位,曾生任(ren)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)長(chang)。1941年12月,參與(yu)組(zu)織港(gang)(香(xiang)港(gang))九(九龍(long))人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)抗(kang)日(ri)游(you)(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)。港(gang)、九淪陷后,參與(yu)組(zu)織營救在港(gang)、九的(de)何香(xiang)凝(ning)、茅盾、鄒韜奮(fen)等一大(da)批文化界(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)士和愛國民(min)主人(ren)(ren)(ren)士及國際友(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。歷任(ren)廣(guang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)抗(kang)日(ri)游(you)(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)第(di)三大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)大(da)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)長(chang)、廣(guang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)抗(kang)日(ri)游(you)(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)副總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)長(chang)、總隊(dui)(dui)(dui)長(chang),領導東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)抗(kang)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)本(ben)侵(qin)略者,建立東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)抗(kang)日(ri)游(you)(you)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)根據地,使東(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)的(de)抗(kang)日(ri)武裝(zhuang)不斷發展壯大(da)。
1943年12月2日(ri)(ri),廣東(dong)人(ren)(ren)民抗日(ri)(ri)游擊(ji)(ji)隊(dui)東(dong)江縱隊(dui)(簡稱東(dong)江縱隊(dui))成立,曾(ceng)生任司令員。率領(ling)東(dong)江縱隊(dui)深入港九敵后(hou),挺(ting)進(jin)粵北山區。1945年7月,任中共廣東(dong)區委(wei)委(wei)員。至(zhi)抗日(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)爭結(jie)束,東(dong)江縱隊(dui)已(yi)發展成為(wei)一支擁(yong)有1萬多(duo)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)民抗日(ri)(ri)武裝(zhuang),轉戰(zhan)華南39個縣(xian)、市,收復大(da)片國土,建(jian)立6個縣(xian)級抗日(ri)(ri)民主政權,根據地(di)和(he)游擊(ji)(ji)區總面積約6萬平方公里,人(ren)(ren)口(kou)450余萬。對日(ri)(ri)、偽(wei)軍(jun)作戰(zhan)1400余次,斃傷日(ri)(ri)、偽(wei)軍(jun)6000余人(ren)(ren),俘虜(lu)3500余人(ren)(ren),消滅(mie)了(le)日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)的(de)(de)有生力(li)量,牽制了(le)日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)的(de)(de)大(da)量兵(bing)力(li),為(wei)華南敵后(hou)抗戰(zhan)和(he)全(quan)國抗日(ri)(ri)戰(zhan)爭的(de)(de)勝(sheng)利作出了(le)貢獻。
1946年6月(yue),率領東(dong)(dong)江(jiang)縱(zong)隊(dui)主力北撤山東(dong)(dong)。歷任(ren)華(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)軍(jun)政(zheng)大(da)學副校(xiao)長,渤海(hai)(hai)軍(jun)區黨委副書(shu)記(ji)兼(jian)副司(si)令員(yuan),中國人民(min)解(jie)放(fang)軍(jun)兩廣縱(zong)隊(dui)司(si)令員(yuan)、黨委書(shu)記(ji),率部(bu)轉(zhuan)戰華(hua)(hua)東(dong)(dong)戰場,先后(hou)參加豫東(dong)(dong)、濟(ji)南(nan)、淮海(hai)(hai)等戰役。1949年(民(min)國38年)9月(yue),和雷(lei)經天、尹(yin)林平一起,指(zhi)(zhi)揮由兩廣縱(zong)隊(dui)、粵(yue)贛湘邊縱(zong)隊(dui)和粵(yue)中縱(zong)隊(dui)組成(cheng)的南(nan)路軍(jun),解(jie)放(fang)和平、連平、河(he)源(yuan)、龍川、惠陽(yang)、博羅、東(dong)(dong)莞、中山等縣,迂回(hui)至廣州南(nan)。10月(yue),任(ren)中共中央(yang)華(hua)(hua)南(nan)分局委員(yuan)、兩廣縱(zong)隊(dui)司(si)令員(yuan)和珠江(jiang)三角(jiao)洲作(zuo)戰指(zhi)(zhi)揮部(bu)司(si)令員(yuan)兼(jian)前委書(shu)記(ji),奉(feng)命率部(bu)進駐珠江(jiang)三角(jiao)洲。10月(yue)14日,廣州解(jie)放(fang)。
廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)解放后,歷(li)任廣(guang)東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)副(fu)司(si)令(ling)(ling)員兼珠江軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)分區(qu)司(si)令(ling)(ling)員、政委(wei),中(zhong)共珠江地(di)委(wei)書記,華南軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)區(qu)第(di)一(yi)副(fu)參謀長(chang)(chang)。1952年(nian)參加抗美援朝(chao)(chao),率(lv)部(bu)赴朝(chao)(chao)作戰,任中(zhong)國人民志愿軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)十二軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)副(fu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)。回國后,入南京軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事學院(yuan)海(hai)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)系學習(xi)。1955年(nian)被(bei)授予少將軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)銜。1956年(nian)8月在(zai)南京軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事學院(yuan)畢業(ye)后,歷(li)任南海(hai)艦隊第(di)一(yi)副(fu)司(si)令(ling)(ling)員,中(zhong)共廣(guang)東省委(wei)常委(wei),中(zhong)共廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)市委(wei)第(di)三書記,廣(guang)東省副(fu)省長(chang)(chang)兼廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)市長(chang)(chang),廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)分區(qu)第(di)一(yi)政委(wei),廣(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)警備區(qu)第(di)一(yi)政委(wei),國家交(jiao)通部(bu)副(fu)部(bu)長(chang)(chang)、部(bu)長(chang)(chang),國務(wu)院(yuan)顧(gu)問(wen)。
“文化大(da)革命”期間(jian)受迫害,1974年獲得(de)平反(fan)。1982年和1987年,先后當選為中共(gong)中央顧問委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)委(wei)員(yuan)。是第一、二(er)、三、四、五屆全國(guo)人(ren)大(da)代表,第四、五屆全國(guo)人(ren)大(da)常委(wei)會(hui)委(wei)員(yuan)。1995年11月20日在廣州逝世。
1910年12月出生于龍崗區坪山鎮(zhen)石(shi)灰(hui)陂村一戶華(hua)僑(qiao)家庭。
1916年至(zhi)1923年,在龍崗、香(xiang)港、坪(ping)山讀小學;
1928年(nian)畢(bi)業于澳(ao)大利亞悉尼商業學(xue)院(yuan);
1933年(nian)畢業(ye)于廣州中山大學附屬中學。
1934年參加中國(guo)青年同盟(meng)。
1936年加(jia)入中(zhong)國共產黨,12月任香港(gang)海員工委組織部長。
1937年畢業于中山大學。
1938年(nian)10月,曾生(sheng)遵照黨的指示,從(cong)香港帶領百余(yu)共(gong)產黨員、進(jin)步青年(nian)和學生(sheng),回到坪山組建(jian)抗日武(wu)裝(zhuang);
10月30日,組建(jian)中共(gong)惠寶工委,任書(shu)記;
12月2日組建(jian)惠(hui)寶人(ren)民抗(kang)日游擊總(zong)隊,任總(zong)隊長。
1942年2月至(zhi)1943年12月,任廣東(dong)人民抗(kang)日游擊(ji)總隊(dui)副(fu)總隊(dui)長(chang)、總隊(dui)長(chang)、東(dong)江軍政委(wei)員會(hui)委(wei)員。
1943年12月至1946年10月,任廣東(dong)(dong)人民抗(kang)日游擊(ji)隊(dui)東(dong)(dong)江縱隊(dui)司令員、中共廣東(dong)(dong)區黨委(wei)委(wei)員。
解放后,曾(ceng)生先后擔任廣東(dong)軍區副司(si)令(ling)員、華南軍區第一副參(can)謀長等職;1955年被(bei)授(shou)予少將軍銜。先后任中(zhong)(zhong)共海軍黨委委員、南海艦(jian)隊第一副司(si)令(ling)員、中(zhong)(zhong)共廣東(dong)省(sheng)委常委、廣東(dong)省(sheng)副省(sheng)長兼廣州市(shi)市(shi)長等職。
1982年(nian)當選(xuan)為中央顧問(wen)委員會(hui)委員,曾(ceng)任(ren)第一(yi)、二、三、四、五屆全國人民代表,第四、五屆全國人大常(chang)務(wu)委員會(hui)委員。
1995年(nian)11月20日在廣州逝(shi)世。
《曾生回憶錄》
1955年被(bei)授予(yu)少將軍銜(xian)。曾獲一級獨立(li)自(zi)由勛章、一級解放勛章。
鄒韜(tao)奮在(zai)離(li)開(kai)白(bai)石(shi)龍前,為曾生(sheng)題詞留念——
保(bao)衛祖國 為(wei)民先鋒
曾生大隊長,以(yi)文士奮(fen)起,領導(dao)愛(ai)國(guo)青年組成游擊隊,保衛祖(zu)國(guo),駐(zhu)軍東江。韜從文化游擊隊自港轉移陣(zhen)地,承蒙(meng)衛護,不勝(sheng)感(gan)奮(fen),敬書此奉贈,藉表謝忱。
韜奮(fen) 一(yi)九(jiu)四(si)二年(nian)一(yi)月廿日(ri)