亞(ya)歷山大·波波夫(fu)(Alexander Popov)1994年畢業于伏爾加格勒(le)體(ti)育學院，目(mu)前在澳(ao)大利亞(ya)的(de)堪培拉大學從事游泳訓練，教練是(shi)圖列茨基。2001年與法國《隊(dui)報》澳(ao)大利亞(ya)記者阿蘭(lan)·科爾基耶(ye)合作撰寫了(le)自(zi)傳《真正的(de)游泳》，迄今仍是(shi)俄(e)羅斯國家游泳隊(dui)的(de)隊(dui)員。當波波夫(fu)在亞(ya)特蘭(lan)大奧運(yun)會(hui)上男子自(zi)由泳100米(mi)的(de)比賽(sai)中衛冕成功時，他就創造(zao)了(le)歷史——成為(wei)自(zi)1920年以來第一個在這一項目(mu)連續兩屆奪得金牌的(de)運(yun)動員。
波波夫8歲(sui)開始學習游泳(yong)(yong)，他當時(shi)怕水。不(bu)過，他的父(fu)親堅持他要學習游泳(yong)(yong)，經過刻(ke)苦努力，上世紀九十年代，俄羅斯(si)游泳(yong)(yong)運動員波波夫成為(wei)世界泳(yong)(yong)壇頭(tou)號運動員。
1992年(nian)西班牙巴塞羅(luo)那夏季奧運會上(shang)，波(bo)波(bo)夫(fu)在(zai)(zai)100米自由泳比賽半程折返(fan)的時候(hou)還處在(zai)(zai)第六的位(wei)置，但(dan)他(ta)在(zai)(zai)剩下的50米內后(hou)來(lai)居上(shang)，成(cheng)功超越其他(ta)全(quan)部運動員(yuan)，奪取(qu)金牌。兩(liang)天后(hou)的50自由泳比賽中(zhong)，波(bo)波(bo)夫(fu)一(yi)路領先奪得自己(ji)的第二枚(mei)奧運金牌，在(zai)(zai)這屆奧運會上(shang)，他(ta)還在(zai)(zai)接(jie)力項目中(zhong)奪得兩(liang)枚(mei)銀牌。
1996年美國亞(ya)特蘭(lan)大(da)夏季奧運會上，波(bo)波(bo)夫成功衛冕(mian)100米自(zi)(zi)由泳，他也成為奧運歷史上，第二位蟬(chan)聯100自(zi)(zi)由泳金牌的運動(dong)員。
三天后的50米比(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)，波波夫(fu)再次成(cheng)功衛冕，奪得個人第(di)四枚奧運金牌，此外，他在另外兩項接力比(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)還奪取兩枚銀牌。
奧運(yun)結束后(hou)一個月，波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫在(zai)莫斯(si)科(ke)街頭與一位賣西(xi)瓜的街頭小販發生沖突，波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫被對方用水果刀扎傷了(le)肺部，休(xiu)養了(le)一段時間后(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫在(zai)1998年世界錦(jin)標賽(sai)100米(mi)自由泳比(bi)賽(sai)中(zhong)再次奪得冠軍。
2000年(nian)悉尼奧運會上，波波夫在100米自(zi)由泳(yong)比賽中(zhong)奪得銀牌，50米比賽中(zhong)名列第(di)六。
1999年，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫被選(xuan)為(wei)國際奧委(wei)會運動員(yuan)(yuan)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)，退役后，他當選(xuan)俄(e)(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)游泳協會第一副主席。有著“冰人”和“俄(e)(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)火箭”之稱的(de)俄(e)(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)游泳名將波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫是上世界九十年代的(de)短距離游泳之王，被人尊稱為(wei)“游泳沙皇”。
從1992年(nian)獲得(de)巴塞(sai)羅(luo)那奧(ao)運(yun)會男子(zi)(zi)50米和(he)100自由(you)泳(yong)兩塊金牌開始，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)統治這兩個(ge)(ge)項(xiang)目長達五(wu)年(nian)之(zhi)久(jiu)，在1996年(nian)亞特蘭大奧(ao)運(yun)會上更是(shi)衛冕(mian)了兩項(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)軍。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)還參加了隨后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)悉尼(ni)奧(ao)運(yun)會和(he)雅(ya)典奧(ao)運(yun)會，在四屆奧(ao)運(yun)會中共奪得(de)四枚金牌，五(wu)枚銀(yin)牌。他(ta)(ta)在世界錦(jin)標賽上同(tong)樣(yang)戰績(ji)彪炳，以6金4銀(yin)1銅(tong)的(de)(de)(de)成績(ji)傲(ao)視(shi)群雄。2004年(nian)雅(ya)典奧(ao)運(yun)會是(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)告(gao)別賽，當(dang)他(ta)(ta)無緣男子(zi)(zi)100米和(he)50米自由(you)泳(yong)決賽后(hou)(hou)，全(quan)球(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)媒體(ti)都(dou)用(yong)了同(tong)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)標題——“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)時代(dai)結束(shu)”。退役后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)與妻子(zi)(zi)和(he)兩個(ge)(ge)孩子(zi)(zi)定居在莫斯(si)科(ke)，他(ta)(ta)和(he)涅(nie)莫夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)樣(yang)，都(dou)割舍不下自己(ji)(ji)鐘愛的(de)(de)(de)并且(qie)奮斗了十余年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)成為俄羅(luo)斯(si)游(you)(you)泳(yong)協(xie)會副主席，同(tong)時兼任俄羅(luo)斯(si)總(zong)統體(ti)育委(wei)員會委(wei)員，以及國際奧(ao)委(wei)會運(yun)動員委(wei)員會委(wei)員。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在為俄羅(luo)斯(si)游(you)(you)泳(yong)的(de)(de)(de)振興貢(gong)獻著自己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)量。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也秉(bing)承了薩芬(fen)、涅(nie)莫夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)等(deng)俄羅(luo)斯(si)“沙(sha)皇”們(men)一(yi)貫的(de)(de)(de)英(ying)俊外表，退役多(duo)年(nian)后(hou)(hou)仍風采依舊。對此，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)透露，自己(ji)(ji)每周會去游(you)(you)泳(yong)池3次，利用(yong)游(you)(you)泳(yong)保持了現(xian)在健美的(de)(de)(de)身材。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)家庭很美滿，妻子(zi)(zi)曾是(shi)俄羅(luo)斯(si)隊(dui)女子(zi)(zi)游(you)(you)泳(yong)選(xuan)手，兩人育有兩個(ge)(ge)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)。談起兒(er)子(zi)(zi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)很自豪，他(ta)(ta)說如果(guo)兩個(ge)(ge)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)一(yi)起游(you)(you)接力(li)(li)，恐怕連他(ta)(ta)也追不上他(ta)(ta)們(men)。但是(shi)自己(ji)(ji)并不會強(qiang)迫兒(er)子(zi)(zi)接自己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)班，未來由(you)他(ta)(ta)們(men)自己(ji)(ji)去選(xuan)擇。
1992年被(bei)授(shou)予(yu)俄羅(luo)(luo)斯功勛(xun)(xun)體育健(jian)將稱號；1996年當選為俄羅(luo)(luo)斯隊最佳運動(dong)員；1996年被(bei)國(guo)際泳聯授(shou)予(yu)突出(chu)貢獻獎；1996年被(bei)授(shou)予(yu)俄羅(luo)(luo)斯“為了祖國(guo)”二級勛(xun)(xun)章；2000年當選為國(guo)際奧(ao)委會委員；2002年被(bei)授(shou)予(yu)俄羅(luo)(luo)斯友誼勛(xun)(xun)章。
最好(hao)成績：1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)和(he)1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭(lan)(lan)大(da)兩屆奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)游泳(yong)(yong)100米(mi)和(he)50米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)四(si)枚金牌得(de)主(zhu)；運(yun)(yun)動成績：1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)冠軍；1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)50米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)冠軍；1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)力賽(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍；1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)混(hun)(hun)合(he)泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)力賽(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍；1994年(nian)(nian)莫(mo)斯(si)科(ke)友好(hao)運(yun)(yun)動會(hui)(hui)(hui)冠軍得(de)主(zhu)；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭(lan)(lan)大(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)冠軍；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭(lan)(lan)大(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)50米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)冠軍；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭(lan)(lan)大(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)力賽(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭(lan)(lan)大(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)混(hun)(hun)合(he)泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)力賽(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍；1998年(nian)(nian)紐約友好(hao)運(yun)(yun)動會(hui)(hui)(hui)冠冠軍得(de)主(zhu)；2000年(nian)(nian)悉尼奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)軍；多(duo)次獲(huo)得(de)歐錦賽(sai)和(he)世(shi)錦賽(sai)冠軍并打破世(shi)界紀錄(lu)；有“俄羅(luo)斯(si)隊火箭”的美譽。
比賽
1994年(nian)(nian)畢業于伏(fu)爾加格勒體(ti)育學院，目(mu)前在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)澳大(da)(da)利(li)亞(ya)的(de)(de)(de)堪培拉大(da)(da)學從事游泳(yong)(yong)訓練(lian)，教練(lian)是圖列茨基(ji)。2001年(nian)(nian)與法國《隊報(bao)》澳大(da)(da)利(li)亞(ya)記者阿(a)蘭·科(ke)爾基(ji)耶合作撰寫了(le)(le)自(zi)(zi)傳(chuan)《真正的(de)(de)(de)游泳(yong)(yong)》，迄今仍是俄羅斯(si)國家游泳(yong)(yong)隊的(de)(de)(de)隊員。當波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)特(te)(te)蘭大(da)(da)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang)男子(zi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)100米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)比賽(sai)中衛(wei)冕成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)時(shi)，他(ta)(ta)就創造了(le)(le)歷史——成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)自(zi)(zi)1920年(nian)(nian)以來第(di)一(yi)個在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這一(yi)項(xiang)目(mu)連(lian)續兩(liang)(liang)(liang)屆奪(duo)(duo)得(de)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動員。20世紀(ji)90年(nian)(nian)代，“泳(yong)(yong)壇(tan)沙(sha)皇”亞(ya)歷山大(da)(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)是男子(zi)短距離(li)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)的(de)(de)(de)統治者，至今讓人難忘。1992年(nian)(nian)巴塞羅那奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)游泳(yong)(yong)館(guan)曾上(shang)演一(yi)幕逆轉大(da)(da)戰(zhan)：年(nian)(nian)僅21歲的(de)(de)(de)俄羅斯(si)名將亞(ya)歷山大(da)(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽(sai)半(ban)(ban)程折返時(shi)還處在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)六位(wei)，后(hou)(hou)半(ban)(ban)程卻后(hou)(hou)來居(ju)上(shang)奪(duo)(duo)得(de)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)天后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽(sai)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)一(yi)路領先，以絕(jue)對優(you)勢奪(duo)(duo)得(de)首次奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)征程的(de)(de)(de)第(di)二(er)(er)枚(mei)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)。他(ta)(ta)還在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)接(jie)力項(xiang)目(mu)奪(duo)(duo)得(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)枚(mei)銀牌(pai)(pai)。4年(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)特(te)(te)蘭大(da)(da)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)衛(wei)冕100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)史上(shang)第(di)二(er)(er)位(wei)蟬聯該項(xiang)目(mu)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)的(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)手。三天后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽(sai)，他(ta)(ta)又成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)衛(wei)冕，奪(duo)(duo)得(de)第(di)四枚(mei)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)，并(bing)又在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)項(xiang)接(jie)力比賽(sai)中奪(duo)(duo)取銀牌(pai)(pai)，成(cheng)(cheng)績與上(shang)屆一(yi)模(mo)一(yi)樣。奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)結束(shu)后(hou)(hou)一(yi)個月(yue)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)莫斯(si)科(ke)街頭與一(yi)名賣西瓜的(de)(de)(de)小販(fan)發(fa)生(sheng)沖突，被對方用水果刀扎傷(shang)肺部(bu)，休養了(le)(le)一(yi)段時(shi)間；但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1998年(nian)(nian)世界錦標賽(sai)的(de)(de)(de)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)中再(zai)次奪(duo)(duo)冠。隨(sui)后(hou)(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)競技狀(zhuang)態漸走下坡路。2000年(nian)(nian)悉尼奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)，他(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)中不敵(di)荷(he)蘭名將霍(huo)根(gen)班德，僅奪(duo)(duo)得(de)銀牌(pai)(pai)；50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)只(zhi)名列第(di)六。2004年(nian)(nian)雅典奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)，33歲的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)沒(mei)能進入(ru)100米(mi)(mi)和50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)賽(sai)。霍(huo)根(gen)班德曾說過：“沒(mei)有(you)波(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)賽(sai)是不完美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)。”“沙(sha)皇”就這樣不完美(mei)地退出了(le)(le)泳(yong)(yong)壇(tan)。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)距離中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，短(duan)道是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)看絕對速度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)，50米(mi)(mi)(mi)沒有(you)轉(zhuan)身(shen)折返，從出(chu)(chu)發到(dao)(dao)終點一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池長(chang)度(du)。蝶泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、仰(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)四種(zhong)(zhong)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿，自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)速度(du)最(zui)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。所(suo)以說(shuo)，男子(zi)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)有(you)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)用時(shi)最(zui)短(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，猶如(ru)田徑場(chang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)男子(zi)百米(mi)(mi)(mi)決賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，第(di)25屆奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)西班牙(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巴塞羅(luo)(luo)那舉行，選(xuan)(xuan)手們(men)已經(jing)各就(jiu)(jiu)各位(wei)(wei)(wei)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)參加決賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)選(xuan)(xuan)手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，馬特(te)·比(bi)昂(ang)迪和(he)(he)湯姆·賈格爾(er)這(zhe)兩(liang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)頂級名(ming)將(jiang)尤為引人(ren)(ren)(ren)注目。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)馬特(te)·比(bi)昂(ang)迪，曾13次(ci)(ci)打破世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)紀錄，在(zai)(zai)(zai)漢城奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)拿下(xia)五金一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)銀一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)銅，被冠(guan)(guan)以“世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)快泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)”、“世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飛魚(yu)”、“魚(yu)雷”等稱號。然(ran)而，目光集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)明(ming)星身(shen)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)部分(fen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)很(hen)難想象，他(ta)(ta)們(men)將(jiang)親眼(yan)見(jian)證世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)(tan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)新時(shi)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)生(sheng)。比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)開(kai)始的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信號發出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)，游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)立(li)(li)刻(ke)泛起(qi)(qi)陣(zhen)陣(zhen)浪花，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)很(hen)快就(jiu)(jiu)驚(jing)奇地(di)發現，在(zai)(zai)(zai)最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)10米(mi)(mi)(mi)沖刺中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，領(ling)先(xian)所(suo)有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，既不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比(bi)昂(ang)迪，也不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)賈格爾(er)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)瘦瘦高高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)俄羅(luo)(luo)斯(si)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)員！幾秒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，這(zhe)位(wei)(wei)(wei)俄羅(luo)(luo)斯(si)選(xuan)(xuan)手首先(xian)觸壁，獲得(de)了(le)(le)(le)這(zhe)塊令人(ren)(ren)(ren)激(ji)動(dong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)已的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金牌。他(ta)(ta)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俄羅(luo)(luo)斯(si)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)員亞(ya)歷山(shan)大(da)(da)(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。隨后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)又拿下(xia)了(le)(le)(le)男子(zi)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金牌，新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)(tan)霸(ba)主(zhu)誕(dan)生(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)！那一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)21歲。與其(qi)他(ta)(ta)很(hen)多(duo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)幼年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)時(shi)起(qi)(qi)，就(jiu)(jiu)展示出(chu)(chu)過(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天(tian)賦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)(tan)健將(jiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)直到(dao)(dao)8歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候才努力克服了(le)(le)(le)對水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)害怕(pa)，開(kai)始學習(xi)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。14歲那年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)奪得(de)全國青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)錦(jin)標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)17歲進入(ru)俄羅(luo)(luo)斯(si)國家隊(dui)。直到(dao)(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)時(shi)候，他(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直練(lian)習(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仰(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，19歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)聽(ting)從俄羅(luo)(luo)斯(si)著名(ming)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)教(jiao)練(lian)托萊斯(si)基的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議(yi)，改練(lian)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)決定，使(shi)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)(tan)少了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)選(xuan)(xuan)手，但(dan)多(duo)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)日(ri)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天(tian)皇巨(ju)星。第(di)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)就(jiu)(jiu)獲得(de)了(le)(le)(le)歐錦(jin)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴塞羅(luo)(luo)那奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精彩(cai)表(biao)演(yan)似乎(hu)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)宣(xuan)告：男子(zi)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)時(shi)代”到(dao)(dao)來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)。其(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)各個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)國際游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)事上(shang)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)見(jian)到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)粼(lin)粼(lin)碧(bi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)劈波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)斬浪、傲視群(qun)雄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。“疾跑(pao)沙(sha)皇”、“俄羅(luo)(luo)斯(si)火箭”，任何一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)綽號，代表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壟(long)斷。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)特(te)蘭大(da)(da)(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)獲得(de)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)和(he)(he)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩(liang)項金牌，衛冕成(cheng)功，這(zhe)時(shi)他(ta)(ta)已經(jing)站在(zai)(zai)(zai)了(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)生(sheng)涯(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巔，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)那之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)月，他(ta)(ta)卻在(zai)(zai)(zai)醫院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)癥(zheng)病房里度(du)過(guo)。8月24日(ri)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和(he)(he)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朋友在(zai)(zai)(zai)莫斯(si)科街頭因為買(mai)西瓜與賣瓜人(ren)(ren)(ren)發生(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)爭(zheng)執，爭(zheng)執中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，西瓜小販鋒利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)刃，刺入(ru)了(le)(le)(le)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腹部，動(dong)脈破了(le)(le)(le)、腎臟裂了(le)(le)(le)、胸膜穿了(le)(le)(le)，甚至肺也受(shou)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)傷害。在(zai)(zai)(zai)緊急接受(shou)了(le)(le)(le)3個(ge)(ge)多(duo)小時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手術之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)活(huo)了(le)(le)(le)下(xia)來(lai)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)多(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)感到(dao)(dao)惋惜，遭次(ci)(ci)重(zhong)創的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)還能撐起(qi)(qi)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代嗎(ma)？波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)似乎(hu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為奇跡而生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，他(ta)(ta)僅僅休(xiu)養(yang)了(le)(le)(le)3個(ge)(ge)月，便(bian)重(zhong)新回到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池，回到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)領(ling)獎(jiang)臺！1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歐洲游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)錦(jin)標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)，他(ta)(ta)仍然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)悉(xi)(xi)尼(ni)(ni)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)出(chu)(chu)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)，如(ru)果他(ta)(ta)再一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)衛冕就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)連(lian)續三屆奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，這(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅前(qian)無古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，恐怕(pa)也鮮有(you)來(lai)者。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)，荷(he)(he)蘭人(ren)(ren)(ren)霍根(gen)(gen)班德在(zai)(zai)(zai)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)滿(man)面(mian)笑容地(di)揮舞起(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)(le)手臂，那一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)刻(ke)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)屬于波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代結束了(le)(le)(le)。然(ran)而悉(xi)(xi)尼(ni)(ni)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)神話的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)抹余暉(hui)，三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴塞羅(luo)(luo)那世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)錦(jin)標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)上(shang)，已經(jing)32歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)竟然(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)口(kou)氣(qi)擊敗了(le)(le)(le)兩(liang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)如(ru)日(ri)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)(tan)新霸(ba)主(zhu)——荷(he)(he)蘭人(ren)(ren)(ren)霍根(gen)(gen)班德、澳(ao)大(da)(da)(da)利(li)亞(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)索普(pu)，再次(ci)(ci)站到(dao)(dao)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)領(ling)獎(jiang)臺上(shang)。全場(chang)觀(guan)眾(zhong)起(qi)(qi)立(li)(li)長(chang)時(shi)間(jian)鼓掌，霍根(gen)(gen)班德大(da)(da)(da)為驚(jing)嘆(tan)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王(wang)者霸(ba)氣(qi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)從首次(ci)(ci)奪得(de)世(shi)(shi)(shi)錦(jin)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，到(dao)(dao)最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)拿世(shi)(shi)(shi)錦(jin)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)跨度(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整整12年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)!2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)雅典奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)失(shi)利(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)宣(xuan)布退(tui)役，在(zai)(zai)(zai)告別晚宴上(shang)國際泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)(tan)巨(ju)星齊聚。澳(ao)大(da)(da)(da)利(li)亞(ya)名(ming)將(jiang)索普(pu)說(shuo)，“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)您鼓舞了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)您給我帶來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈感”。美國游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)神童菲爾(er)普(pu)斯(si)說(shuo)“能夠和(he)(he)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)場(chang)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)對我永遠是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)榮(rong)譽。”荷(he)(he)蘭飛魚(yu)霍根(gen)(gen)班德也說(shuo)：“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳奇”。
遠(yuan)古時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)，人類為(wei)適應生(sheng)存環境，逐漸學會(hui)(hui)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。中國(guo)春秋時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)就有(you)(you)泅水(shui)活動，利比亞史前巖畫(hua)也有(you)(you)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿勢的描(miao)繪(hui)。現代(dai)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)始(shi)于英國(guo)，17世紀60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)流行于約克郡(jun)地區。1828年(nian)(nian)(nian)在利物浦喬(qiao)治碼頭(tou)修(xiu)建了(le)世界上(shang)第一個(ge)室內游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池。1837年(nian)(nian)(nian)成立(li)世界上(shang)第一個(ge)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)協會(hui)(hui)。1908年(nian)(nian)(nian)規定(ding)(ding)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)必(bi)須在水(shui)池內比賽(sai)。國(guo)際標(biao)準游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池長50米(mi)(mi)，寬(kuan)至少21米(mi)(mi)，深(shen)1.80米(mi)(mi)以上(shang)。設8條泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)道(dao)，每條泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)道(dao)寬(kuan)2.50米(mi)(mi)，分道(dao)線由(you)直徑5～10厘米(mi)(mi)的單(dan)個(ge)浮標(biao)連(lian)接(jie)而成。運動員比賽(sai)必(bi)須站在出(chu)發(fa)臺(tai)上(shang)出(chu)發(fa)（仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)除外），出(chu)發(fa)臺(tai)高出(chu)水(shui)面(mian)50～75厘米(mi)(mi)，臺(tai)面(mian)積為(wei)50×50厘米(mi)(mi)。1896年(nian)(nian)(nian)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)被列(lie)為(wei)奧(ao)運會(hui)(hui)競賽(sai)項(xiang)目(mu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)分泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿，是真正的"自由(you)式"，只有(you)(you)100米(mi)(mi)、500米(mi)(mi)、1200米(mi)(mi)3個(ge)項(xiang)目(mu)。1900年(nian)(nian)(nian)第2屆奧(ao)運會(hui)(hui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，將仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分出(chu)；1904年(nian)(nian)(nian)第3屆奧(ao)運會(hui)(hui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，又(you)分出(chu)蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1912年(nian)(nian)(nian)第5屆奧(ao)運會(hui)(hui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，女子游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)被列(lie)為(wei)比賽(sai)項(xiang)目(mu)。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)第16屆奧(ao)運會(hui)(hui)，又(you)增加了(le)蝶泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，從此(ci)定(ding)(ding)型為(wei)4種泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿。此(ci)后(hou)的奧(ao)運會(hui)(hui)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)發(fa)展到共有(you)(you)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蝶泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、混(hun)合(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和接(jie)力（自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與混(hun)合(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)）6大項(xiang)32個(ge)小(xiao)項(xiang)，是奧(ao)運會(hui)(hui)僅次(ci)于田徑運動的金牌(pai)大戶。
游泳項目(mu)介紹之自由泳：
自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。1896年第(di)1屆奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會開始(shi)(shi)(shi)列為(wei)(wei)正式比(bi)(bi)賽項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)受任何姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)限制，爬泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)速(su)度(du)(du)最(zui)(zui)快(kuai)(kuai)，爬泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也就(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。爬泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)像(xiang)爬行，即雙臂(bei)(bei)(bei)輪流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)交替打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。這種(zhong)(zhong)姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)結(jie)構(gou)合(he)(he)(he)理，阻力(li)(li)(li)小(xiao)，速(su)度(du)(du)均勻，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)目(mu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世界(jie)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)最(zui)(zui)快(kuai)(kuai)、最(zui)(zui)省(sheng)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)實用(yong)(yong)性強，在(zai)(zai)(zai)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)有(you)(you)很重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位(wei)。奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)男子有(you)(you)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、400米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、1500米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)、4×200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)7項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；女子有(you)(you)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、400米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、800米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)6項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)全部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)31項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)13項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，而(er)(er)(er)且混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也包括自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，因此自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)往往被看作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)衡(heng)(heng)量(liang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國家游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志。自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，人(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)俯(fu)臥水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，頭(tou)(tou)肩稍(shao)高(gao)于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，游(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)軀干繞(rao)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)縱軸(zhou)(zhou)適當(dang)(dang)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)輪流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路線呈S形，呼吸與(yu)(yu)(yu)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)。當(dang)(dang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)(li)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，利用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流在(zai)(zai)(zai)頭(tou)(tou)兩(liang)(liang)側(ce)(ce)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)谷吸氣。50年代以(yi)(yi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)都(dou)非(fei)常重視(shi)兩(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)輪流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1次(ci)就(jiu)(jiu)打(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)6次(ci)。后來(lai)科研材(cai)料證明打(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能量(liang)消耗(hao)比(bi)(bi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)得(de)多，而(er)(er)(er)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)來(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因此以(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現代自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)重視(shi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配合(he)(he)(he)，打(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)距離(li)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已減少為(wei)(wei)2次(ci)或4次(ci)。但在(zai)(zai)(zai)短距離(li)游(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多數運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)仍然(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)打(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)6次(ci)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)環節(jie)(jie)：身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)：游(you)(you)(you)(you)自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)要(yao)(yao)盡量(liang)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)俯(fu)臥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)了(le)取得(de)更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)效果，頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)稍(shao)抬，兩(liang)(liang)眼注(zhu)(zhu)視(shi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)，頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)露(lu)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)接(jie)近發際(ji)，雙腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)處于(yu)最(zui)(zui)低點(dian)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)縱軸(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3-5度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰角(jiao)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)游(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)可以(yi)(yi)圍繞(rao)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)縱軸(zhou)(zhou)做有(you)(you)節(jie)(jie)奏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般為(wei)(wei)35-45度(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間。如果速(su)度(du)(du)加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)，角(jiao)度(du)(du)就(jiu)(jiu)會相對(dui)減少。這種(zhong)(zhong)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)、轉頭(tou)(tou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)吸氣而(er)(er)(er)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)意識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)所帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好處有(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)幾點(dian)：便于(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)縮短移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)半徑(jing)。有(you)(you)助于(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，使手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)更接(jie)近于(yu)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)投影面(mian)(mian)(mian)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)臀(tun)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隨身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)輕(qing)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，產生部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)側(ce)(ce)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，可以(yi)(yi)抵(di)銷移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)時(shi)(shi)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)側(ce)(ce)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)偏離(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，維(wei)持(chi)(chi)(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)(heng)。便于(yu)呼吸。腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)除了(le)產生推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)外(wai)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)起著維(wei)持(chi)(chi)(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)(heng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，它(ta)(ta)能使下(xia)(xia)(xia)肢抬高(gao)，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)配合(he)(he)(he)雙臂(bei)(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，幾乎與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)進(jin)(jin)行，從(cong)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)看，兩(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)分(fen)(fen)開的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)30-40厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)彎曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度(du)(du)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)160度(du)(du)角(jiao)。游(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，腳(jiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)接(jie)近水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)；向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，不(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)超過(guo)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)低部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)位(wei)。正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腳(jiao)稍(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)旋，踝關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)放(fang)松(song)，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該從(cong)髖關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)開始(shi)(shi)(shi)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)(li)，通過(guo)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)，最(zui)(zui)后到(dao)腳(jiao)，形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“鞭狀”打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，因此應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)較快(kuai)(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)度(du)(du)進(jin)(jin)行；而(er)(er)(er)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)則(ze)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)放(fang)松(song)、自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)，盡量(liang)少用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)(li)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)且速(su)度(du)(du)相對(dui)要(yao)(yao)慢。從(cong)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開始(shi)(shi)(shi)，當(dang)(dang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)，從(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)至(zhi)踝關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)、膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)、髖關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)行時(shi)(shi)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)稍(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)(er)終止(zhi)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)開始(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。當(dang)(dang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)開始(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)慣性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，此時(shi)(shi)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)仍繼續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而(er)(er)(er)使膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)彎曲(qu)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)約(yue)(yue)160度(du)(du)角(jiao)。這使小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)達到(dao)了(le)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)點(dian)，由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)繼續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而(er)(er)(er)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。當(dang)(dang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到(dao)最(zui)(zui)低點(dian)并(bing)(bing)(bing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)抬起時(shi)(shi)，小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)仍保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)角(jiao)度(du)(du)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)繼續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)打(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)完(wan)全伸(shen)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)止(zhi)，才隨大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，開始(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)二(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)循環動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)：自(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)。它(ta)(ta)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)等幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)階(jie)段，這幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)階(jie)段在(zai)(zai)(zai)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)緊密相連的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)完(wan)整(zheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)略屈，并(bing)(bing)(bing)高(gao)于(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)指自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)伸(shen)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)攏，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)斜下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)且插入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。注(zhu)(zhu)意手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)放(fang)松(song)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)肩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長(chang)線上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，或在(zai)(zai)(zai)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線和(he)(he)(he)(he)肩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長(chang)線之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間。入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順序(xu)為(wei)(wei)：手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)——小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)——大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)切入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)繼續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)伸(shen)展，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)由(you)(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——稍(shao)有(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)變為(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——稍(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后，應(ying)(ying)(ying)積極(ji)插向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)，此時(shi)(shi)小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)應(ying)(ying)(ying)積極(ji)外(wai)旋，并(bing)(bing)(bing)屈腕、屈肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，開始(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，當(dang)(dang)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)下(xia)(xia)(xia)至(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)15-20度(du)(du)角(jiao)時(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)逐漸屈肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，使肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)高(gao)于(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)開始(shi)(shi)(shi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，也就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)約(yue)(yue)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)40度(du)(du)角(jiao)時(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)屈至(zhi)150度(du)(du)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)。抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)了(le)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)做準備，因此她是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相對(dui)放(fang)松(song)和(he)(he)(he)(he)緩慢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)就(jiu)(jiu)好像(xiang)用(yong)(yong)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)去抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)圓(yuan)球一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣。抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)為(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang)(fang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)40度(du)(du)角(jiao)起之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后方(fang)(fang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)15-20度(du)(du)角(jiao)止(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滑水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。它(ta)(ta)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)階(jie)段：從(cong)抱(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束到(dao)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)至(zhi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)稱為(wei)(wei)“拉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)”，過(guo)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)后稱為(wei)(wei)“推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。拉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)高(gao)肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。當(dang)(dang)拉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束時(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)(ti)下(xia)(xia)(xia)接(jie)近中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線，這時(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)彎曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度(du)(du)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)90-120度(du)(du)角(jiao)，小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)由(you)(you)(you)外(wai)旋轉為(wei)(wei)內(nei)旋，掌(zhang)心(xin)由(you)(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)后方(fang)(fang)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變為(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)后方(fang)(fang)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通過(guo)屈臂(bei)(bei)(bei)到(dao)伸(shen)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)(jie)要(yao)(yao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)側(ce)(ce)靠近，并(bing)(bing)(bing)且手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)始(shi)(shi)(shi)終要(yao)(yao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)程，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)路線并(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)始(shi)(shi)(shi)終在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，實際(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)較復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)度(du)(du)曲(qu)線。從(cong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額狀面(mian)(mian)(mian)來(lai)看是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“S”型(xing)(xing)，從(cong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矢狀面(mian)(mian)(mian)來(lai)看是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“W”型(xing)(xing)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，肩部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)配合(he)(he)(he)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)進(jin)(jin)行向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)理轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，這樣有(you)(you)利于(yu)加(jia)長(chang)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路線和(he)(he)(he)(he)加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)(li)(li)量(liang)。
出(chu)水(shui)(shui)：在劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)結束后，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由于慣性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用而很快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靠近水(shui)(shui)面，這時(shi)，由大臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)肘(zhou)關節做向(xiang)外上(shang)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“提(ti)拉(la)”動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，將(jiang)小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)提(ti)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)面。小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)比大臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)稍慢(man)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些，掌(zhang)心(xin)向(xiang)后上(shang)方(fang)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應迅速(su)而不(bu)停頓，但(dan)同(tong)時(shi)應該(gai)柔和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)攙捯浵湥?o蜀?應盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)放松(song)。空中(zhong)(zhong)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在空中(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繼續，不(bu)能停頓，一(yi)(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應該(gai)放松(song)自(zi)如，盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)要(yao)破(po)壞身體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流線型，要(yao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)協調(diao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)致，并(bing)且要(yao)注意節奏。在整(zheng)個(ge)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，肘(zhou)部應始終保持比手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)部高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置。配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)：兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)以(yi)(yi)及完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)確配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)是保障前(qian)進(jin)速(su)度均勻性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)條件(jian)，并(bing)且還(huan)有利于發(fa)揮(hui)肩(jian)帶力(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)積極(ji)參與劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)。根據劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)時(shi)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)所處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)把手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)為三(san)種：即(ji)前(qian)交(jiao)叉、中(zhong)(zhong)交(jiao)叉、中(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)交(jiao)叉和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)后交(jiao)叉。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)優秀(xiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員都(dou)采用中(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)交(jiao)叉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)較為復雜，但(dan)是它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞，將(jiang)直接影響(xiang)著(zhu)(zhu)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)力(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)速(su)度、耐力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)揮(hui)。自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)為：一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)N次(ci)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)（N>2）。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)氣時(shi)，頭(tou)隨(sui)著(zhu)(zhu)肩(jian)、身體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向(xiang)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉向(xiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)側，使頭(tou)在低(di)于水(shui)(shui)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波谷中(zhong)(zhong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)氣。此時(shi)，同(tong)側臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)正(zheng)處在出(chu)水(shui)(shui)轉入移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段。移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)時(shi)，頭(tou)轉向(xiang)正(zheng)常位(wei)(wei)置。同(tong)側臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入水(shui)(shui)時(shi)，開始慢(man)慢(man)呼氣，并(bing)逐漸用力(li)(li)加快呼氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)度。完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：即(ji)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)、手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)。因為手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)是產(chan)生推進(jin)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)來源，因此在配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)，呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)都(dou)應該(gai)服從(cong)于手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)、手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)比例主(zhu)要(yao)由三(san)種：1：2：2（即(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)，兩(liang)(liang)次(ci)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，兩(liang)(liang)次(ci)打腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)）；1：2：4；1：2：6。也有極(ji)少數優秀(xiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員采用1：2：8的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。
介(jie)紹：游(you)泳項目之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。1900年第2屆奧運(yun)會(hui)開(kai)始列(lie)為正式比賽項目。仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳包括反蛙泳和爬式仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳。反蛙泳是(shi)最早(zao)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳，動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)近似蛙泳，而身(shen)(shen)(shen)體姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)相反。即(ji)人體仰(yang)(yang)(yang)臥水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)從頭(tou)(tou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)經(jing)體側向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。最初幾屆奧運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳比賽都是(shi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)反蛙泳姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。1912年第5屆奧運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)，美國運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員H.赫(he)伯納采(cai)(cai)用(yong)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳技(ji)術，以1′21″2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)績獲100米仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳冠軍，顯示(shi)了爬式仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優越(yue)性，而反蛙泳逐(zhu)漸失去在(zai)(zai)競(jing)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)。爬式仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)自由泳相同(tong)。基(ji)本技(ji)術包括身(shen)(shen)(shen)體姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)、腿(tui)(tui)和臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，以及呼(hu)吸(xi)(xi)與(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)配(pei)合(he)等方(fang)(fang)面(mian)。①身(shen)(shen)(shen)體姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)：仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳時(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體幾乎水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平仰(yang)(yang)(yang)臥在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，胸(xiong)部(bu)自然伸展與(yu)腹部(bu)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)直線(xian)，頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)沒于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，臉部(bu)露(lu)(lu)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)。在(zai)(zai)游(you)進時(shi)(shi)，頭(tou)(tou)部(bu)始終(zhong)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)正直姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)，軀(qu)干圍繞縱(zong)軸(zhou)(zhou)因兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)而自然轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)。②腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術：仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳時(shi)(shi)腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)有(you)(you)三(san)：一(yi)(yi)是(shi)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體前(qian)進，二是(shi)維持(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體平衡，三(san)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體有(you)(you)較高水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。腿(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幅度比自由泳稍大(da)(da)(da)(da)。打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，以髖(kuan)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)為支點，大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)發力(li)，帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)小腿(tui)(tui)及腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)用(yong)力(li)上(shang)踢。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)踢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)微(wei)屈，約成(cheng)140°角左(zuo)右，踝關(guan)(guan)節(jie)伸展，腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)轉，動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)有(you)(you)力(li)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)自然伸直，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)跟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)最大(da)(da)(da)(da)距(ju)離約40～50厘(li)米。踢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)尖稍向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)旋(xuan)，以加大(da)(da)(da)(da)踢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)積(ji)。③臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術：臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術分入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移臂(bei)(bei)幾個部(bu)分，幾個動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)連貫地(di)進行。入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)臂(bei)(bei)自然伸直，手(shou)(shou)小指朝下(xia)(xia)(xia)在(zai)(zai)肩延長(chang)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)方(fang)(fang)，臂(bei)(bei)切(qie)身(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，當手(shou)(shou)切(qie)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外側下(xia)(xia)(xia)滑，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)手(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang)勾手(shou)(shou)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)肩內(nei)旋(xuan)，肘關(guan)(guan)節(jie)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)引，手(shou)(shou)繼(ji)續上(shang)提(ti)，拉開(kai)肩帶肌群，使(shi)手(shou)(shou)和小臂(bei)(bei)對好劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)部(bu)分。從臂(bei)(bei)抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體縱(zong)軸(zhou)(zhou)成(cheng)40～50°角開(kai)始屈臂(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，手(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度要(yao)快于肘。劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)至肩側時(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)距(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)約15厘(li)米。這時(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)、前(qian)臂(bei)(bei)、上(shang)臂(bei)(bei)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang)做推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。肘關(guan)(guan)節(jie)將靠近體側時(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)壓(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，肩關(guan)(guan)節(jie)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)，內(nei)旋(xuan)，手(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)內(nei)轉下(xia)(xia)(xia)壓(ya)至大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)旁時(shi)(shi)結(jie)束(shu)(shu)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束(shu)(shu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，借助(zhu)手(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)力(li)，以提(ti)肩帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)上(shang)臂(bei)(bei)和前(qian)臂(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，手(shou)(shou)放松，臂(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)沿肩線(xian)上(shang)方(fang)(fang)前(qian)移，臂(bei)(bei)伸直。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，另(ling)一(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。④呼(hu)吸(xi)(xi)與(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)配(pei)合(he)：由于臉露(lu)(lu)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)，呼(hu)吸(xi)(xi)比較自然，一(yi)(yi)般是(shi)右臂(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)吸(xi)(xi)氣(qi)，移臂(bei)(bei)至將垂直水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)時(shi)(shi)吸(xi)(xi)氣(qi)結(jie)束(shu)(shu)，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)憋氣(qi)，手(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)均勻吐氣(qi)，手(shou)(shou)將出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)吐氣(qi)結(jie)束(shu)(shu)。臂(bei)(bei)腿(tui)(tui)配(pei)合(he)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)(yi)般是(shi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)各劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1次，腿(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)6次。仰(yang)(yang)(yang)泳技(ji)術要(yao)點：1．"積(ji)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"流線(xian)型：所(suo)謂(wei)"積(ji)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"流線(xian)型，是(shi)指在(zai)(zai)任何時(shi)(shi)候都要(yao)使(shi)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體姿(zi)勢(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)流線(xian)型，而不僅僅在(zai)(zai)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)
速度(du)最快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出發和(he)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)身(shen)(shen)(shen)后。不(bu)論你的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)(shen)高如何(he)，都要使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自己(ji)(ji)游起來(lai)顯得(de)(de)很(hen)高。將身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)盡量(liang)伸展(zhan)，把(ba)自己(ji)(ji)想象成(cheng)一個只移動(dong)(dong)數寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓滑(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貝(bei)殼，而(er)不(bu)是在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)中前(qian)進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)舟或駁船。2．平穩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)姿勢：盡量(liang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)與水(shui)平面平行。通(tong)過(guo)微向前(qian)聳肩使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)脊背保(bao)持(chi)挺直(zhi)。髖部(bu)下沉會帶來(lai)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)力，而(er)且(qie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負荷加(jia)大，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)比(bi)賽前(qian)半(ban)段就會耗(hao)費(fei)較(jiao)多能量(liang)。克雷澤伯格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)髖部(bu)很(hen)高，因(yin)為在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)他快(kuai)速游進(jin)時(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)漂在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)面較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置，身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)保(bao)持(chi)平衡(heng)。反過(guo)來(lai)，游得(de)(de)越快(kuai)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)位置也(ye)會越高。3．身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)：像(xiang)滾動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)木那(nei)樣(yang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)向兩(liang)側(ce)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)。要注意把(ba)肩和(he)髖關節看(kan)作一個整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)來(lai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)。像(xiang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)冰或輪滑(hua)(hua)時(shi)(shi)那(nei)樣(yang)將身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重量(liang)從(cong)一側(ce)向另一側(ce)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)速度(du)要快(kuai)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自己(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)多數時(shi)(shi)間都處于側(ce)位，而(er)不(bu)是平平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)臥位。這(zhe)樣(yang)既(ji)可以(yi)減(jian)小(xiao)阻(zu)力，又能夠充分發揮軀干(gan)大肌(ji)肉群的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力量(liang)。4．移臂和(he)入水(shui)通(tong)過(guo)向猛(meng)然向側(ce)方轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手快(kuai)速離(li)開水(shui)面。事實(shi)上，肩應(ying)該比(bi)手早(zao)(zao)離(li)開水(shui)面。如果(guo)手先出水(shui)，肩會遇到很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)力。移臂應(ying)放(fang)松，且(qie)垂直(zhi)于身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)來(lai)保(bao)持(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平衡(heng)。如果(guo)移臂過(guo)寬，往往導致過(guo)早(zao)(zao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)頭前(qian)入水(shui)。其結果(guo)是使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)節奏減(jian)慢，并影響(xiang)身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)。正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入水(shui)點應(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)肩延線上。5．打(da)腿踝關節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活性對仰(yang)(yang)泳腿十(shi)分重要。兩(liang)腿要窄，足尖伸展(zhan)，腳(jiao)位于身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)截(jie)面內。水(shui)花(hua)不(bu)宜(yi)過(guo)大，但要通(tong)過(guo)打(da)腿始終使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腳(jiao)周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)像(xiang)圓屋頂那(nei)樣(yang)。利用打(da)腿引起身(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)。記住側(ce)臥時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度(du)比(bi)仰(yang)(yang)臥要快(kuai)。
介(jie)紹：蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)古(gu)老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)式(shi)。據資料記載，早在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2000～4000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)、羅(luo)馬、古(gu)埃及(ji)就有(you)(you)(you)類(lei)似這(zhe)種(zhong)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1875年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月24日著名游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)M．韋(wei)布采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)橫渡英(ying)吉利海(hai)峽，歷時21小(xiao)時45分。19世(shi)紀(ji)初蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被(bei)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姿(zi)(zi)式(shi)。但由(you)(you)于(yu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)速度(du)(du)慢，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)相繼(ji)(ji)又(you)出現了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)側泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、爬(pa)(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人越來越少。直到(dao)1904年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)第(di)3屆奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)時才把蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與(yu)其他姿(zi)(zi)式(shi)分開(kai)(kai)(kai)。1924～1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期間(jian)，蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革新是(shi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)結束后(hou)(hou)(hou)兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)不(bu)(bu)再(zai)從(cong)(cong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)移(yi)，改為(wei)(wei)由(you)(you)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)臂(bei)(bei)但仍采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蹬夾腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，出現了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)——蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)國(guo)(guo)際業余(yu)(yu)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)合(he)會(hui)(hui)對蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規(gui)(gui)則(ze)作(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)補充，允許(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，于(yu)是(shi)蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)取代了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)第(di)14屆奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)，200米(mi)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)決賽(sai)(sai)(sai)只有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)人采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。而1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)第(di)15屆奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，全(quan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)都采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)。于(yu)是(shi)國(guo)(guo)際業余(yu)(yu)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)合(he)會(hui)(hui)決定(ding)將蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)從(cong)(cong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分出來。從(cong)(cong)1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)第(di)16屆奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)起(qi)將蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)列為(wei)(wei)正式(shi)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)項目(mu)。當(dang)時規(gui)(gui)則(ze)還允許(xu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)潛(qian)游(you)(you)(you),由(you)(you)于(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)(xia)游(you)(you)(you)進(jin)不(bu)(bu)受波浪阻力(li)影響，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)姿(zi)(zi)式(shi)好，阻力(li)小(xiao)，速度(du)(du)比(bi)(bi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快。于(yu)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)第(di)16屆奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)，幾乎(hu)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)都以(yi)長(chang)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)參加比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)。日本運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)古(gu)川勝以(yi)2′34″7的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成績創造200米(mi)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)世(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)錄。第(di)16屆奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，國(guo)(guo)際業余(yu)(yu)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)合(he)會(hui)(hui)重新修(xiu)改了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規(gui)(gui)則(ze)，取消潛(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，只允許(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)出發(fa)和(he)轉身(shen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)做一(yi)(yi)(yi)次長(chang)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛(qian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)每個動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)都要露(lu)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)。于(yu)是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)又(you)得以(yi)恢(hui)復發(fa)展(zhan)，并重新規(gui)(gui)定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)世(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)錄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準。如男子100米(mi)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)為(wei)(wei)1′13″0。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)戚烈云以(yi)1′11″7的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成績首先(xian)打(da)破了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)該(gai)紀(ji)錄。從(cong)(cong)此(ci)以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)又(you)出現了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)寬劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)和(he)窄劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)。1.泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)滑翔姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)，身(shen)體接(jie)近水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)。頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)約(yue)80%沉于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，臉微(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)向(xiang)前(qian)(qian)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)伸(shen)展(zhan)，掌心向(xiang)著斜(xie)外側。2.捉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)(xia)約(yue)7~9寸處開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手(shou)作(zuo)(zuo)側面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)時開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)呼氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。3.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)沒有(you)(you)(you)明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)曲(qu)，繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)向(xiang)外側，呼氣(qi)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)(xu)增加。4.當(dang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)微(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)，肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)曲(qu)，上(shang)(shang)臂(bei)(bei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)旋轉。5.當(dang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)到(dao)達(da)最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬度(du)(du)，肘(zhou)(zhou)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)約(yue)110度(du)(du)，這(zhe)時高肘(zhou)(zhou)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)是(shi)明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。6.頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)(xu)上(shang)(shang)抬，當(dang)嘴部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)露(lu)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)，最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)呼氣(qi)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手(shou)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)內，以(yi)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)進(jin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。7.當(dang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)準備向(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，吸(xi)氣(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)不(bu)(bu)要拉到(dao)肋骨(gu)下(xia)(xia)，膝關(guan)節(jie)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)曲(qu)，回腿(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)。8.嘴部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)閉上(shang)(shang)，吸(xi)氣(qi)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足(zu)被(bei)帶向(xiang)臀部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)，肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)(xu)伸(shen)展(zhan)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)(xu)向(xiang)前(qian)(qian)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。9.回腿(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)(xu)進(jin)行(xing)。10.頸部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)曲(qu)，頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)(xu)向(xiang)下(xia)(xia)傾斜(xie)。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足(zu)背(bei)屈(qu)(qu)(qu)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，推(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)回手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。11.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足(zu)推(tui)向(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)并開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)并攏。泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)這(zhe)時閉氣(qi)，直至另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)。12.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)完(wan)(wan)(wan)全(quan)伸(shen)展(zhan)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手(shou)稍(shao)低于(yu)肩膊水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)蹬水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)接(jie)近完(wan)(wan)(wan)成。當(dang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成蹬水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，并集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)(shi)身(shen)體成為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直線。他將保(bao)持這(zhe)滑翔姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)短暫(zan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)當(dang)他感(gan)覺速度(du)(du)減慢，另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)循(xun)環開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)。蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)介(jie)紹：蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)基礎上(shang)(shang)演變而來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。當(dang)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)發(fa)展(zhan)到(dao)第(di)二階段時，也就是(shi)1937-1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)時期，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)(you)些(xie)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到(dao)大腿(tui)(tui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)提出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)，再(zai)從(cong)(cong)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遷移(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，從(cong)(cong)外形(xing)看，好像蝴(hu)蝶(die)展(zhan)翅(chi)飛舞，所(suo)以(yi)人們稱它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)為(wei)(wei)“蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，國(guo)(guo)際泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分開(kai)(kai)(kai)進(jin)行(xing)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)，使(shi)(shi)蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)成為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)獨立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)項目(mu)，從(cong)(cong)而得到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)是(shi)僅僅比(bi)(bi)爬(pa)(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)慢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)。由(you)(you)于(yu)它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腿(tui)(tui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)酷似海(hai)豚，所(suo)以(yi)又(you)稱為(wei)(wei)“海(hai)豚泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)體姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)與(yu)其它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)同，它(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)沒有(you)(you)(you)固定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)體位(wei)置。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游(you)(you)(you)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軀(qu)(qu)干(gan)各部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分和(he)頭(tou)不(bu)(bu)斷改變彼此(ci)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相對位(wei)置。頭(tou)和(he)軀(qu)(qu)干(gan)有(you)(you)(you)時露(lu)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)、有(you)(you)(you)時潛(qian)入水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形(xing)成波浪形(xing)式(shi)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)起(qi)伏(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化位(wei)置。蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游(you)(you)(you)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，是(shi)以(yi)橫軸(zhou)（腰際）為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，軀(qu)(qu)干(gan)和(he)腿(tui)(tui)做有(you)(you)(you)節(jie)奏(zou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，發(fa)力(li)點在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)腰腹部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。然后(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)大腿(tui)(tui)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)，兩(liang)腿(tui)(tui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)做上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鞭(bian)狀打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。而這(zhe)些(xie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)頭(tou)和(he)臂(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)緊密聯(lian)(lian)系在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)，形(xing)成蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)所(suo)特有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波浪動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，因(yin)此(ci)前(qian)(qian)進(jin)時身(shen)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻力(li)較小(xiao)。
亞歷山(shan)大·斯(si)塔帕諾維奇·波(bo)波(bo)夫（Александр Степанович Попов1859年3月(yue)16日–1906年1月(yue)13日）是(shi)俄國物理學(xue)家和電氣(qi)工(gong)程師(shi)，是(shi)研究電磁波(bo)的先驅。
波波夫出(chu)生于烏(wu)拉爾山區的一個小(xiao)村(cun)莊，父親(qin)是(shi)一位神父，1877年進入彼得堡(bao)大學學習，1892年畢業后留校(xiao)在(zai)實驗室(shi)工作，1893年到俄國海軍喀瑯施(shi)塔得魚雷學校(xiao)任教。
波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫于(yu)(yu)1894年發明(ming)(ming)了(le)第一架(jia)無(wu)線電(dian)(dian)接收器，一個金屬(shu)檢波(bo)(bo)器，1895年改進(jin)成接收閃電(dian)(dian)發出(chu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)波(bo)(bo)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，同年5月7日他在俄羅斯物(wu)理和(he)化學(xue)學(xue)會(hui)演示了(le)他的(de)(de)接收裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，這(zhe)(zhe)一天后來被俄羅斯定為“無(wu)線電(dian)(dian)日”慶祝。7月將這(zhe)(zhe)個裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在圣彼得(de)(de)堡林學(xue)院的(de)(de)氣象站中，幾個月后發表(biao)了(le)一篇論文說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)這(zhe)(zhe)種裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置可(ke)以接收人工震蕩源的(de)(de)信號。1896年3月在彼得(de)(de)堡物(wu)理學(xue)年會(hui)時，在彼得(de)(de)堡大(da)學(xue)的(de)(de)兩(liang)座建筑物(wu)之間進(jin)行了(le)發送和(he)接收電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)波(bo)(bo)信號的(de)(de)實驗(yan)，這(zhe)(zhe)比意大(da)利物(wu)理學(xue)家馬(ma)可(ke)尼于(yu)(yu)1896年6月取得(de)(de)專利的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置要(yao)早。
1898年他和俄國海(hai)軍一起進行了(le)10千米距(ju)離的(de)海(hai)岸和軍艦之(zhi)間的(de)通信實驗，1899年實現了(le)50千米通信。但由于馬(ma)可尼先取得了(le)專利，國際上(shang)一般認(ren)為(wei)是馬(ma)可尼發(fa)明的(de)無線電通信，可是俄羅斯人一致(zhi)尊波波夫為(wei)無線電發(fa)明人。
1900年俄國海(hai)軍在波波夫的(de)指導下在波羅的(de)海(hai)中的(de)高戈蘭(lan)島設立了無(wu)線(xian)電站，和芬蘭(lan)沿海(hai)城市科特卡之間實現了無(wu)線(xian)電通(tong)訊。（當時(shi)芬蘭(lan)屬于沙(sha)皇俄國），2月(yue)5日(ri)發(fa)出(chu)第一(yi)條(tiao)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)，到了4月(yue)份，破(po)冰船(chuan)愛爾(er)馬(ma)克號前往高戈蘭(lan)島解救被冰困住的(de)戰艦，同時(shi)解救出(chu)50名芬蘭(lan)漁(yu)民，無(wu)線(xian)電站已經(jing)成功地(di)發(fa)送(song)了440條(tiao)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)，這時(shi)馬(ma)可尼剛(gang)開(kai)始第一(yi)次通(tong)信(xin)(xin)實驗。
1901年波波夫被任命為(wei)電(dian)技術研究所(suo)的教授，1905年被選(xuan)為(wei)研究所(suo)所(suo)長，年底(di)健康狀況惡化，翌年初即死于(yu)腦(nao)溢血。
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