亞(ya)歷山(shan)大·波(bo)波(bo)夫(Alexander Popov)1994年畢業于(yu)伏(fu)爾(er)加格勒體育學院(yuan)，目前在澳大利亞(ya)的(de)(de)堪培拉大學從事游泳(yong)訓練，教練是(shi)圖列茨(ci)基。2001年與(yu)法(fa)國(guo)《隊報》澳大利亞(ya)記者(zhe)阿蘭(lan)·科爾(er)基耶合(he)作撰寫了(le)自(zi)傳《真正的(de)(de)游泳(yong)》，迄今仍是(shi)俄羅(luo)斯國(guo)家游泳(yong)隊的(de)(de)隊員。當波(bo)波(bo)夫在亞(ya)特蘭(lan)大奧運會上男子(zi)自(zi)由泳(yong)100米的(de)(de)比賽中衛冕成(cheng)功時，他就(jiu)創造了(le)歷史——成(cheng)為自(zi)1920年以來第一個在這一項(xiang)目連(lian)續兩屆奪得金牌的(de)(de)運動員。
波波夫8歲開始(shi)學習游(you)泳(yong)，他當時(shi)怕(pa)水。不(bu)過，他的父親(qin)堅持他要學習游(you)泳(yong)，經過刻苦(ku)努力，上世(shi)紀九十年代，俄(e)羅斯游(you)泳(yong)運動員波波夫成(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)泳(yong)壇頭號運動員。
1992年西班牙巴塞羅那夏季(ji)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，波(bo)波(bo)夫(fu)在100米自由(you)泳比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)半程折返的時(shi)候還處在第(di)六的位置，但他(ta)在剩(sheng)下的50米內后來(lai)居上(shang)(shang)，成功超越(yue)其(qi)他(ta)全部運(yun)動員，奪取金牌。兩(liang)天后的50自由(you)泳比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)中，波(bo)波(bo)夫(fu)一路領先奪得自己的第(di)二(er)枚(mei)奧(ao)運(yun)金牌，在這屆奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，他(ta)還在接力項目中奪得兩(liang)枚(mei)銀牌。
1996年美國亞(ya)特蘭大(da)夏季(ji)奧(ao)運會上(shang)，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫成(cheng)功衛冕100米自由泳(yong)(yong)，他也成(cheng)為(wei)奧(ao)運歷史上(shang)，第二位蟬(chan)聯100自由泳(yong)(yong)金牌的運動員。
三天后的(de)50米比賽中(zhong)，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫再次成功衛冕，奪得個人第四枚奧運(yun)金(jin)牌，此外(wai)，他在另外(wai)兩(liang)項接力比賽中(zhong)還奪取兩(liang)枚銀(yin)牌。
奧(ao)運結束后一(yi)個月，波(bo)波(bo)夫在莫(mo)斯(si)科街頭與一(yi)位賣西瓜(gua)的街頭小販發生沖突，波(bo)波(bo)夫被對(dui)方用水果刀扎傷了肺部，休(xiu)養了一(yi)段時間后，波(bo)波(bo)夫在1998年世界錦標賽100米(mi)自由(you)泳比(bi)賽中再次奪得冠軍。
2000年悉(xi)尼奧(ao)運會上(shang)，波(bo)波(bo)夫(fu)在100米自由泳比賽中奪得(de)銀(yin)牌，50米比賽中名列第六。
1999年(nian)(nian)，波波夫被(bei)選為國際(ji)奧(ao)委會運(yun)動員委員會委員，退(tui)役(yi)后，他當選俄羅斯游(you)(you)泳(yong)協會第一(yi)副主席(xi)。有著“冰人”和“俄羅斯火箭(jian)”之(zhi)稱的(de)俄羅斯游(you)(you)泳(yong)名將波波夫是上世(shi)界(jie)九十年(nian)(nian)代的(de)短距離游(you)(you)泳(yong)之(zhi)王，被(bei)人尊稱為“游(you)(you)泳(yong)沙皇”。
從1992年(nian)獲得(de)巴塞羅(luo)那奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)50米(mi)(mi)和(he)(he)100自(zi)(zi)由泳兩塊金牌(pai)開始(shi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)統治(zhi)這兩個(ge)項目長達(da)五年(nian)之久，在1996年(nian)亞(ya)特蘭大奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)更是(shi)衛冕了兩項的(de)(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)軍。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)還參加了隨后的(de)(de)(de)(de)悉尼奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)和(he)(he)雅典(dian)奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)，在四屆奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)中共奪得(de)四枚(mei)金牌(pai)，五枚(mei)銀牌(pai)。他在世界錦標賽上(shang)同樣戰績彪炳，以6金4銀1銅的(de)(de)(de)(de)成績傲視群雄(xiong)。2004年(nian)雅典(dian)奧(ao)(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)是(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)告(gao)別(bie)賽，當他無緣男子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)和(he)(he)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由泳決賽后，全球(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)媒(mei)體都(dou)用了同一個(ge)標題——“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)時代結束(shu)”。退役(yi)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)與(yu)妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)兩個(ge)孩(hai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)定居在莫(mo)斯科(ke)，他和(he)(he)涅(nie)莫(mo)夫(fu)(fu)一樣，都(dou)割(ge)舍不下(xia)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)鐘(zhong)愛的(de)(de)(de)(de)并且奮斗了十余(yu)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)成為俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯游(you)(you)(you)泳協會(hui)副主席(xi)，同時兼任俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯總統體育委(wei)(wei)員會(hui)委(wei)(wei)員，以及國際奧(ao)(ao)(ao)委(wei)(wei)會(hui)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)員委(wei)(wei)員會(hui)委(wei)(wei)員。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)在為俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯游(you)(you)(you)泳的(de)(de)(de)(de)振興貢獻著自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)量。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)也秉承了薩芬(fen)、涅(nie)莫(mo)夫(fu)(fu)等俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯“沙皇”們一貫的(de)(de)(de)(de)英俊外表，退役(yi)多年(nian)后仍風(feng)采依舊。對此(ci)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)透露(lu)，自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)每周會(hui)去(qu)(qu)游(you)(you)(you)泳池3次，利(li)用游(you)(you)(you)泳保持了現(xian)在健美的(de)(de)(de)(de)身材(cai)。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)家庭很(hen)美滿，妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曾是(shi)俄(e)(e)(e)羅(luo)斯隊女(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)游(you)(you)(you)泳選(xuan)手，兩人育有兩個(ge)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。談起兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)很(hen)自(zi)(zi)豪，他說如果兩個(ge)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)一起游(you)(you)(you)接力(li)，恐(kong)怕連他也追不上(shang)他們。但(dan)是(shi)自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)并不會(hui)強迫兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)接自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)班，未來(lai)由他們自(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)去(qu)(qu)選(xuan)擇。
1992年(nian)被授予(yu)俄(e)羅(luo)斯功勛體育(yu)健將(jiang)稱號；1996年(nian)當選為俄(e)羅(luo)斯隊最佳運動員(yuan)；1996年(nian)被國(guo)(guo)際泳聯授予(yu)突出貢獻獎；1996年(nian)被授予(yu)俄(e)羅(luo)斯“為了祖(zu)國(guo)(guo)”二級勛章；2000年(nian)當選為國(guo)(guo)際奧委會(hui)委員(yuan)；2002年(nian)被授予(yu)俄(e)羅(luo)斯友誼(yi)勛章。
最好(hao)(hao)成績：1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞羅(luo)(luo)那(nei)(nei)和1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)大兩屆奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)游泳(yong)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)和50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)四枚(mei)金(jin)牌得主；運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)成績：1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞羅(luo)(luo)那(nei)(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)；1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞羅(luo)(luo)那(nei)(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)；1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞羅(luo)(luo)那(nei)(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)接(jie)力賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)；1992年(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞羅(luo)(luo)那(nei)(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)混合泳(yong)接(jie)力賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)；1994年(nian)(nian)莫斯科友好(hao)(hao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)會(hui)冠(guan)軍(jun)得主；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)大奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)大奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)大奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)接(jie)力賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)；1996年(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭(lan)(lan)(lan)大奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)混合泳(yong)接(jie)力賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)；1998年(nian)(nian)紐(niu)約友好(hao)(hao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)會(hui)冠(guan)冠(guan)軍(jun)得主；2000年(nian)(nian)悉尼(ni)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)；多(duo)次獲得歐錦賽(sai)(sai)和世錦賽(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)并(bing)打破(po)世界紀錄；有“俄羅(luo)(luo)斯隊火(huo)箭”的(de)美譽。
比賽
1994年(nian)(nian)畢業于伏爾加格勒體(ti)育學院，目(mu)前在澳(ao)大(da)利亞(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)堪(kan)培拉大(da)學從事(shi)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)訓(xun)練，教練是圖列(lie)茨基。2001年(nian)(nian)與(yu)法(fa)國(guo)《隊(dui)報》澳(ao)大(da)利亞(ya)(ya)記者阿(a)蘭·科(ke)爾基耶(ye)合作撰寫了自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)傳(chuan)《真(zhen)正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)》，迄(qi)今仍是俄(e)羅(luo)斯國(guo)家游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)隊(dui)的(de)(de)(de)隊(dui)員(yuan)。當(dang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在亞(ya)(ya)特蘭大(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)男子自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)100米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)賽(sai)中衛冕成(cheng)(cheng)功時，他就(jiu)創(chuang)造了歷(li)史(shi)——成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)1920年(nian)(nian)以來第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個在這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)目(mu)連續兩屆奪(duo)得(de)金(jin)牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動員(yuan)。20世紀90年(nian)(nian)代(dai)，“泳(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)沙皇”亞(ya)(ya)歷(li)山大(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)是男子短距離自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)的(de)(de)(de)統治者，至今讓人難忘。1992年(nian)(nian)巴塞(sai)羅(luo)那奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)館曾上(shang)演(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)幕逆轉大(da)戰(zhan)：年(nian)(nian)僅21歲的(de)(de)(de)俄(e)羅(luo)斯名(ming)(ming)將(jiang)亞(ya)(ya)歷(li)山大(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)(jue)賽(sai)半程折返時還處在第(di)(di)六位，后(hou)(hou)半程卻后(hou)(hou)來居上(shang)奪(duo)得(de)金(jin)牌(pai)。兩天后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)(jue)賽(sai)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)路領先，以絕對(dui)優勢奪(duo)得(de)首次奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)征程的(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二枚(mei)(mei)金(jin)牌(pai)。他還在接力項(xiang)目(mu)奪(duo)得(de)兩枚(mei)(mei)銀牌(pai)。4年(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭大(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)成(cheng)(cheng)功衛冕100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)史(shi)上(shang)第(di)(di)二位蟬聯該項(xiang)目(mu)金(jin)牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)選手。三天后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)(jue)賽(sai)，他又成(cheng)(cheng)功衛冕，奪(duo)得(de)第(di)(di)四枚(mei)(mei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)金(jin)牌(pai)，并又在兩項(xiang)接力比(bi)賽(sai)中奪(duo)取銀牌(pai)，成(cheng)(cheng)績與(yu)上(shang)屆一(yi)(yi)(yi)模一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)。奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)結束后(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個月(yue)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在莫斯科(ke)街頭與(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)賣西瓜的(de)(de)(de)小販(fan)發生沖(chong)突(tu)，被對(dui)方用水果刀扎傷肺部(bu)，休養了一(yi)(yi)(yi)段時間；但在1998年(nian)(nian)世界錦標賽(sai)的(de)(de)(de)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)中再次奪(duo)冠。隨(sui)后(hou)(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)的(de)(de)(de)競技狀態漸走(zou)下坡路。2000年(nian)(nian)悉尼奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)，他在100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)中不(bu)敵荷蘭名(ming)(ming)將(jiang)霍(huo)根班德(de)，僅奪(duo)得(de)銀牌(pai)；50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)只(zhi)名(ming)(ming)列(lie)第(di)(di)六。2004年(nian)(nian)雅(ya)典奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)，33歲的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)沒能進入100米(mi)(mi)和50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)賽(sai)。霍(huo)根班德(de)曾說過：“沒有波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)賽(sai)是不(bu)完美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)。”“沙皇”就(jiu)這(zhe)樣(yang)不(bu)完美(mei)地退出了泳(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)距(ju)離(li)中，短道是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)看絕對(dui)速(su)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)，50米(mi)(mi)沒有(you)轉(zhuan)身折(zhe)返，從(cong)出發(fa)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)終(zhong)點一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)長度。蝶泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)四種(zhong)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿，自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)速(su)度最(zui)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。所(suo)(suo)以說(shuo)，男(nan)子50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)有(you)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)中用時最(zui)短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，猶如(ru)田(tian)徑場上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)男(nan)子百米(mi)(mi)決(jue)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)，第(di)25屆(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)班(ban)(ban)牙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巴塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)舉行，選(xuan)(xuan)手(shou)們(men)(men)(men)已經(jing)各(ge)就(jiu)(jiu)各(ge)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)參加決(jue)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)選(xuan)(xuan)手(shou)中，馬特·比(bi)昂迪(di)(di)和湯姆·賈格爾這(zhe)兩位(wei)(wei)(wei)世界頂級(ji)名(ming)(ming)(ming)將尤(you)為(wei)(wei)引(yin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)注目。其(qi)中尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)馬特·比(bi)昂迪(di)(di)，曾13次打破世界紀(ji)錄(lu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)漢城(cheng)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)拿下五金一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)銀(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)銅，被(bei)冠(guan)以“世界快泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之王(wang)”、“世界第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飛(fei)(fei)魚(yu)”、“魚(yu)雷(lei)”等稱號(hao)。然(ran)而，目光集(ji)中在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)兩個(ge)明星(xing)身上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)部(bu)分人(ren)(ren)(ren)很(hen)(hen)難想象，他(ta)們(men)(men)(men)將親眼(yan)見(jian)證世界泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)新(xin)時代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)生(sheng)(sheng)。比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)開(kai)始的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信號(hao)發(fa)出了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)中立(li)刻泛起(qi)陣陣浪花，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)很(hen)(hen)快就(jiu)(jiu)驚奇地(di)發(fa)現，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)最(zui)后(hou)10米(mi)(mi)沖刺中，領(ling)先所(suo)(suo)有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，既不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比(bi)昂迪(di)(di)，也不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)賈格爾，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)瘦(shou)瘦(shou)高高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)俄羅(luo)斯(si)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動員！幾秒之后(hou)，這(zhe)位(wei)(wei)(wei)俄羅(luo)斯(si)選(xuan)(xuan)手(shou)首先觸壁，獲得(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)這(zhe)塊令(ling)人(ren)(ren)(ren)激(ji)動不(bu)已的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金牌(pai)。他(ta)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俄羅(luo)斯(si)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動員亞(ya)歷山(shan)大(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。隨后(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)又拿下了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)男(nan)子100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金牌(pai)，新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)霸主誕(dan)生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)！那(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)21歲(sui)。與(yu)其(qi)他(ta)很(hen)(hen)多(duo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)幼年(nian)(nian)(nian)時起(qi)，就(jiu)(jiu)展示出過人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天賦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)健將不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)直到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)8歲(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候才努力克服了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)對(dui)水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)害怕，開(kai)始學習游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。14歲(sui)那(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)奪得(de)(de)(de)全國(guo)青(qing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)錦(jin)標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)17歲(sui)進入俄羅(luo)斯(si)國(guo)家隊。直到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)時候，他(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直練習的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)，19歲(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)聽從(cong)俄羅(luo)斯(si)著名(ming)(ming)(ming)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)教練托萊斯(si)基的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議，改練自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。這(zhe)個(ge)決(jue)定(ding)，使(shi)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)少(shao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)優秀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)選(xuan)(xuan)手(shou)，但多(duo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)日(ri)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天皇(huang)巨星(xing)。第(di)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)就(jiu)(jiu)獲得(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)歐(ou)錦(jin)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)巴塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精彩表(biao)演(yan)似乎(hu)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次宣(xuan)告：男(nan)子自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)時代(dai)(dai)”到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。其(qi)后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)個(ge)重大(da)國(guo)際游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)事上(shang)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)(men)見(jian)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)粼粼碧(bi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)中劈波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)斬浪、傲視群雄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。“疾(ji)跑沙皇(huang)”、“俄羅(luo)斯(si)火箭”，任何一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)綽號(hao)，代(dai)(dai)表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壟斷。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)亞(ya)特蘭(lan)大(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)獲得(de)(de)(de)50米(mi)(mi)和100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩項金牌(pai)，衛(wei)冕(mian)成功(gong)，這(zhe)時他(ta)已經(jing)站在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動生(sheng)(sheng)涯之巔，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)那(nei)之后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)月(yue)，他(ta)卻在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)醫院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重癥病房(fang)里度過。8月(yue)24日(ri)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朋友(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)莫(mo)斯(si)科街頭因為(wei)(wei)買西(xi)(xi)瓜與(yu)賣瓜人(ren)(ren)(ren)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)爭執(zhi)，爭執(zhi)中，西(xi)(xi)瓜小販鋒(feng)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀刃，刺入了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腹部(bu)，動脈破了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)、腎臟裂(lie)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)、胸膜穿了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，甚至肺也受到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)傷害。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)緊急接受了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)3個(ge)多(duo)小時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)術之后(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)活(huo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)下來(lai)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)(hen)多(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)感到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)惋惜(xi)，遭(zao)次重創的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)還能撐起(qi)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時代(dai)(dai)嗎？波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)似乎(hu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)奇跡(ji)而生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，他(ta)僅僅休養了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)3個(ge)月(yue)，便(bian)重新(xin)回(hui)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)，回(hui)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)領(ling)獎臺！1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歐(ou)洲游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)錦(jin)標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)，他(ta)仍然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)悉(xi)(xi)尼奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)出賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)，如(ru)果他(ta)再一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次衛(wei)冕(mian)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)連續三(san)屆(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)，這(zhe)不(bu)僅前無古人(ren)(ren)(ren)，恐(kong)怕也鮮有(you)來(lai)者。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次，荷(he)蘭(lan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)中滿面(mian)笑容地(di)揮舞(wu)起(qi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)手(shou)臂(bei)，那(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)刻，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)屬(shu)于波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時代(dai)(dai)結束(shu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。然(ran)而悉(xi)(xi)尼奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)并不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)神話(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)抹(mo)余(yu)暉，三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)之后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)巴塞(sai)(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)世界游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)錦(jin)標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)上(shang)，已經(jing)32歲(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)竟然(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)口氣(qi)擊敗了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)兩位(wei)(wei)(wei)如(ru)日(ri)中天的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)新(xin)霸主——荷(he)蘭(lan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)、澳大(da)利亞(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)索普(pu)，再次站到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)領(ling)獎臺上(shang)。全場觀(guan)眾起(qi)立(li)長時間(jian)鼓(gu)掌，霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)大(da)為(wei)(wei)驚嘆(tan)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王(wang)者霸氣(qi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)從(cong)首次奪得(de)(de)(de)世錦(jin)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)最(zui)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次拿世錦(jin)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)跨度是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整(zheng)整(zheng)12年(nian)(nian)(nian)!2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)雅典奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)失利一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)宣(xuan)布退役，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)告別晚宴(yan)上(shang)國(guo)際泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)巨星(xing)齊聚。澳大(da)利亞(ya)名(ming)(ming)(ming)將索普(pu)說(shuo)，“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)您鼓(gu)舞(wu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)(dai)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)您給我帶來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈感”。美國(guo)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)神童菲爾普(pu)斯(si)說(shuo)“能夠和波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同場比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)(sai)對(dui)我永遠是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)榮(rong)譽。”荷(he)蘭(lan)飛(fei)(fei)魚(yu)霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)也說(shuo)：“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳奇”。
遠古時(shi)代(dai)，人類為(wei)適應生存環境，逐漸學(xue)會(hui)(hui)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。中國(guo)春秋時(shi)代(dai)就(jiu)有(you)泅水活動，利比(bi)亞史前巖畫也有(you)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)勢的(de)描繪。現代(dai)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)始(shi)于英國(guo)，17世紀60年代(dai)流行于約(yue)克郡(jun)地區。1828年在(zai)(zai)(zai)利物浦(pu)喬治碼頭修建了(le)世界上(shang)(shang)第(di)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)室(shi)內(nei)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池。1837年成(cheng)立世界上(shang)(shang)第(di)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)協(xie)會(hui)(hui)。1908年規定(ding)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)必(bi)(bi)須在(zai)(zai)(zai)水池內(nei)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)。國(guo)際(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池長50米，寬至少21米，深1.80米以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。設8條泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)道(dao)，每條泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)道(dao)寬2.50米，分(fen)(fen)道(dao)線由(you)直(zhi)徑5～10厘米的(de)單個(ge)(ge)(ge)浮(fu)標(biao)連(lian)接而(er)成(cheng)。運(yun)動員比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)必(bi)(bi)須站在(zai)(zai)(zai)出(chu)(chu)發(fa)臺上(shang)(shang)出(chu)(chu)發(fa)（仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)除外），出(chu)(chu)發(fa)臺高出(chu)(chu)水面(mian)50～75厘米，臺面(mian)積(ji)為(wei)50×50厘米。1896年游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)被列(lie)為(wei)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)競賽(sai)(sai)項目時(shi)，不分(fen)(fen)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)，是真正的(de)"自由(you)式"，只有(you)100米、500米、1200米3個(ge)(ge)(ge)項目。1900年第(di)2屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)時(shi)，將仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)出(chu)(chu)；1904年第(di)3屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)時(shi)，又(you)分(fen)(fen)出(chu)(chu)蛙(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1912年第(di)5屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)時(shi)，女子游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)被列(lie)為(wei)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)項目。1956年第(di)16屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)，又(you)增加(jia)了(le)蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，從此定(ding)型為(wei)4種泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)。此后的(de)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)(sai)發(fa)展到共有(you)自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蛙(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、混(hun)(hun)合(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和接力(li)（自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與混(hun)(hun)合(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)）6大項32個(ge)(ge)(ge)小項，是奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)僅次于田徑運(yun)動的(de)金(jin)牌大戶(hu)。
游泳(yong)項(xiang)目介(jie)紹之(zhi)自由泳(yong)：
自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。1896年第(di)1屆奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會開(kai)始(shi)(shi)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正式比賽(sai)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不受任何姿(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)限制(zhi)，爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)最(zui)快，爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)就成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)(yi)姿(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)像爬(pa)行(xing)，即雙(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)交替打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。這(zhe)種(zhong)姿(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)結(jie)構合(he)(he)理(li)，阻力(li)(li)小(xiao)，速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)均勻，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)目(mu)前世界上(shang)(shang)最(zui)快、最(zui)省力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)實用(yong)(yong)性強，在(zai)(zai)(zai)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)有(you)(you)很重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位。奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)會自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)男子有(you)(you)50米(mi)(mi)、100米(mi)(mi)、200米(mi)(mi)、400米(mi)(mi)、1500米(mi)(mi)、4×100米(mi)(mi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)力(li)(li)、4×200米(mi)(mi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)力(li)(li)7項(xiang)(xiang)；女子有(you)(you)50米(mi)(mi)、100米(mi)(mi)、200米(mi)(mi)、400米(mi)(mi)、800米(mi)(mi)、4×100米(mi)(mi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)力(li)(li)6項(xiang)(xiang)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)全(quan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)31項(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)13項(xiang)(xiang)，而(er)(er)且(qie)(qie)混(hun)合(he)(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)混(hun)合(he)(he)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)接(jie)(jie)(jie)力(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)包括自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)往往被看(kan)(kan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)衡(heng)量(liang)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)國家游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，人(ren)體(ti)(ti)俯(fu)臥水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，頭(tou)(tou)(tou)肩稍(shao)(shao)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)，游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)軀干繞身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)縱(zong)軸(zhou)適當(dang)(dang)左右滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)前進(jin)(jin)(jin)。手(shou)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)線(xian)(xian)呈(cheng)S形(xing)(xing)，呼吸與(yu)(yu)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)協調(diao)。當(dang)(dang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，利用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流在(zai)(zai)(zai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)兩(liang)側(ce)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波谷(gu)吸氣。50年代以(yi)前，游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員都(dou)(dou)非常(chang)重視(shi)兩(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，一(yi)(yi)般都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1次就打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)6次。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來(lai)科研(yan)材料證明打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能量(liang)消耗(hao)比劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)得多，而(er)(er)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)前進(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)主要來(lai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)以(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現代自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)重視(shi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配合(he)(he)，打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)長距(ju)離游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已減少為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2次或4次。但(dan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)短距(ju)離游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多數運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員仍(reng)然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)6次。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)：身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)姿(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)：游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)要盡(jin)量(liang)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)俯(fu)臥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)姿(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了取得更(geng)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)效(xiao)果，頭(tou)(tou)(tou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)稍(shao)(shao)抬，兩(liang)眼注視(shi)前下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)，頭(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)露出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)近(jin)發際，雙(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)最(zui)低點(dian)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)縱(zong)軸(zhou)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3-5度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)可以(yi)圍繞身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)縱(zong)軸(zhou)做(zuo)有(you)(you)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)奏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)35-45度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)間。如果速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)加快，角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)就會相對減少。這(zhe)種(zhong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)吸氣而(er)(er)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)意識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做(zuo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)所帶(dai)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)(hao)處有(you)(you)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)幾(ji)點(dian)：便(bian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)縮短移(yi)(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)半徑。有(you)(you)助于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，使(shi)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)更(geng)接(jie)(jie)(jie)近(jin)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)投影(ying)面(mian)(mian)。由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臀部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)隨身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)輕(qing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，產生部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)側(ce)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，可以(yi)抵銷移(yi)(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)側(ce)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)偏(pian)離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，維(wei)持(chi)(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)。便(bian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)呼吸。腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)除了產生推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)外(wai)，主要起著維(wei)持(chi)(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，它(ta)能使(shi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)肢抬高(gao)(gao)，以(yi)及協調(diao)配合(he)(he)雙(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，幾(ji)乎與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)，從(cong)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)看(kan)(kan)，兩(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)分(fen)開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)30-40厘米(mi)(mi)，膝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)彎(wan)(wan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)160度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。游(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，腳(jiao)(jiao)應(ying)(ying)接(jie)(jie)(jie)近(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)；向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不應(ying)(ying)超過(guo)(guo)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)低部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)位。正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腳(jiao)(jiao)稍(shao)(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內旋(xuan)，踝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)放松，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)(ying)該從(cong)髖關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)，大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)，通過(guo)(guo)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)，最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)到腳(jiao)(jiao)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)“鞭狀(zhuang)”打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)較大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)較快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)；而(er)(er)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)則要求放松、自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)，盡(jin)量(liang)少用(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)且(qie)(qie)速(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)相對要慢。從(cong)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)，當(dang)(dang)大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)，從(cong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)踝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、膝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、髖關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)稍(shao)(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)終止移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。當(dang)(dang)大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)慣性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)仍(reng)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而(er)(er)使(shi)膝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)彎(wan)(wan)曲(qu)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)大(da)(da)(da)約(yue)(yue)160度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。這(zhe)使(shi)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)達到了最(zui)高(gao)(gao)點(dian)，由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而(er)(er)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。當(dang)(dang)大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到最(zui)低點(dian)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)抬起時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)與(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)仍(reng)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)打(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)完全(quan)伸(shen)(shen)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)止，才(cai)隨大(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，開(kai)始(shi)(shi)第(di)二個(ge)循環(huan)(huan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。手(shou)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)：自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)前進(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)。它(ta)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)等幾(ji)個(ge)階(jie)段，這(zhe)幾(ji)個(ge)階(jie)段在(zai)(zai)(zai)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)緊密(mi)相連的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)完整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)略(lve)屈，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，手(shou)指(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)伸(shen)(shen)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)攏，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前斜下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)且(qie)(qie)插(cha)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。注意手(shou)掌(zhang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)放松。手(shou)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)肩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長線(xian)(xian)上(shang)(shang)，或在(zai)(zai)(zai)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)肩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長線(xian)(xian)之(zhi)間。入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順(shun)序為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：手(shou)——小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)——大(da)(da)(da)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)。手(shou)切入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，手(shou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)伸(shen)(shen)展，手(shou)由(you)(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)——稍(shao)(shao)有(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)變為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)——稍(shao)(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，應(ying)(ying)積極(ji)插(cha)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)應(ying)(ying)積極(ji)外(wai)旋(xuan)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)屈腕、屈肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，開(kai)始(shi)(shi)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，當(dang)(dang)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)至(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)15-20度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)逐漸(jian)屈肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，使(shi)肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)前，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)約(yue)(yue)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)40度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)屈至(zhi)(zhi)150度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)左右。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主要是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)做(zuo)準備，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)她是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相對放松和(he)(he)(he)(he)緩慢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)就好(hao)(hao)像用(yong)(yong)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)去抱(bao)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)大(da)(da)(da)圓球一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，手(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三個(ge)分(fen)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)前方(fang)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)40度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)起之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)15-20度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)止的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滑水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。它(ta)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩(liang)個(ge)階(jie)段：從(cong)抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束到劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)至(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)前稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“拉(la)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)”，過(guo)(guo)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。拉(la)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)高(gao)(gao)肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)姿(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)，手(shou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。當(dang)(dang)拉(la)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，手(shou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)接(jie)(jie)(jie)近(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)，這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)彎(wan)(wan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)90-120度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由(you)(you)(you)外(wai)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)內旋(xuan)，掌(zhang)心由(you)(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通過(guo)(guo)屈臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)到伸(shen)(shen)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)來(lai)完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，手(shou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。肘(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)要向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)、向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)側(ce)靠近(jin)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)且(qie)(qie)手(shou)掌(zhang)始(shi)(shi)終要與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，手(shou)掌(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)線(xian)(xian)并(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)始(shi)(shi)終在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)條直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)同一(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)，實際上(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)較復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)。從(cong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)狀(zhuang)面(mian)(mian)來(lai)看(kan)(kan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)“S”型，從(cong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矢(shi)狀(zhuang)面(mian)(mian)來(lai)看(kan)(kan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)“W”型。在(zai)(zai)(zai)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，肩部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)配合(he)(he)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)理(li)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，這(zhe)樣(yang)有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)加長劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)線(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)加大(da)(da)(da)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)(li)量(liang)。
出(chu)水(shui)(shui)：在劃水(shui)(shui)結束后(hou)(hou)(hou)，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由(you)于(yu)慣性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)而很(hen)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靠近水(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)，這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)，由(you)大臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)帶動(dong)肘(zhou)關節做向(xiang)(xiang)外上方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“提拉(la)”動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，將(jiang)小(xiao)(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)手(shou)(shou)(shou)提出(chu)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)。小(xiao)(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)比大臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)稍慢一(yi)(yi)些，掌(zhang)心向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)上方。手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)迅速(su)(su)而不(bu)(bu)停頓(dun)，但同時(shi)(shi)應(ying)該柔和(he)(he)，小(xiao)(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)手(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)攙捯(dao)浵湥(tu)?o蜀?應(ying)盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)(liang)放松。空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繼續，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)停頓(dun)，一(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)該放松自(zi)(zi)如，盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)破壞身體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流線型，要(yao)(yao)(yao)和(he)(he)另一(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃水(shui)(shui)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)協調一(yi)(yi)致，并(bing)且(qie)(qie)要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意節奏。在整個移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，肘(zhou)部應(ying)始(shi)終保持比手(shou)(shou)(shou)部高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)。配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：自(zi)(zi)由(you)泳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分：兩(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、兩(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)以及完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：自(zi)(zi)由(you)泳兩(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正確配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)是(shi)(shi)保障前(qian)(qian)(qian)進速(su)(su)度均勻性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)條件，并(bing)且(qie)(qie)還(huan)有(you)利于(yu)發揮肩帶力(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)積極參與劃水(shui)(shui)。根據劃水(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)所處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)，可以把手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分為三種：即前(qian)(qian)(qian)交(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)交(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)交(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)和(he)(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)交(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)優秀(xiu)運動(dong)員都(dou)采用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)交(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：自(zi)(zi)由(you)泳技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)較(jiao)為復雜，但是(shi)(shi)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞，將(jiang)直接影(ying)響著(zhu)劃水(shui)(shui)力(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)速(su)(su)度、耐力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發揮。自(zi)(zi)由(you)泳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)和(he)(he)手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)為：一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)N次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)劃水(shui)(shui)（N>2）。吸(xi)氣(qi)時(shi)(shi)，頭(tou)隨著(zhu)肩、身體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向(xiang)(xiang)轉(zhuan)動(dong)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)(xiang)一(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)，使頭(tou)在低(di)于(yu)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波谷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)吸(xi)氣(qi)。此時(shi)(shi)，同側(ce)(ce)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)正處(chu)在出(chu)水(shui)(shui)轉(zhuan)入(ru)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段。移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)時(shi)(shi)，頭(tou)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)(xiang)正常位置(zhi)。同側(ce)(ce)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，開始(shi)慢慢呼(hu)(hu)(hu)氣(qi)，并(bing)逐漸用(yong)力(li)(li)(li)加快呼(hu)(hu)(hu)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度。完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)：即呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)、手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)腿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)。因為手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)產生推(tui)進力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)來(lai)源(yuan)，因此在配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)和(he)(he)腿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)都(dou)應(ying)該服從于(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)。呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)、手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)腿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)比例主要(yao)(yao)(yao)由(you)三種：1：2：2（即一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)，兩(liang)(liang)(liang)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)打腿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)）；1：2：4；1：2：6。也有(you)極少(shao)數優秀(xiu)運動(dong)員采用(yong)1：2：8的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。
介紹：游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項目之一(yi)。1900年第2屆奧運(yun)會開(kai)始(shi)列為正式(shi)比賽(sai)項目。仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)括(kuo)反(fan)蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)爬(pa)式(shi)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。反(fan)蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)最(zui)早出(chu)(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)近似蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，而身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)相反(fan)。即(ji)人體(ti)(ti)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)臥(wo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)從頭后(hou)(hou)(hou)經體(ti)(ti)側(ce)向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。最(zui)初幾屆奧運(yun)會上的(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)都(dou)是(shi)采用(yong)(yong)反(fan)蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。1912年第5屆奧運(yun)會上，美國(guo)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員H.赫伯納(na)采用(yong)(yong)兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪流劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、兩(liang)腿(tui)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，以1′21″2的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)績(ji)獲100米仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冠軍，顯示了爬(pa)式(shi)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)優越性，而反(fan)蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)逐漸失去在競賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)意義。爬(pa)式(shi)仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)相同。基(ji)本技(ji)(ji)術(shu)包(bao)括(kuo)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)、腿(tui)和(he)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，以及呼吸(xi)與(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)配(pei)合(he)(he)等方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。①身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)：仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)幾乎水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)臥(wo)在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)，胸部自(zi)(zi)然伸展與(yu)腹部成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)直(zhi)線，頭部沒(mei)于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)，臉部露(lu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。在游進時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，頭部始(shi)終保持(chi)正直(zhi)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)，軀(qu)干圍繞縱軸因兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)輪流劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)而自(zi)(zi)然轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。②腿(tui)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)：仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腿(tui)的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)有三：一(yi)是(shi)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)進，二是(shi)維持(chi)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)平衡，三是(shi)保持(chi)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)有較(jiao)高水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)。腿(tui)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)幅(fu)度比自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)稍大。打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，以髖關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)為支點，大腿(tui)發力，帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小腿(tui)及腳用(yong)(yong)力上踢(ti)。向(xiang)(xiang)上踢(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膝關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)微屈(qu)，約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)140°角左(zuo)右(you)，踝關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)伸展，腳向(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)有力。向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，膝關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)自(zi)(zi)然伸直(zhi)，兩(liang)腳跟的(de)(de)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)最(zui)大距離(li)約(yue)(yue)40～50厘米。踢(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腳尖(jian)稍向(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)旋(xuan)，以加大踢(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)。③臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)分(fen)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)空中(zhong)(zhong)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)幾個(ge)部分(fen)，幾個(ge)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)連(lian)貫(guan)地進行。入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)自(zi)(zi)然伸直(zhi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)小指朝下(xia)(xia)(xia)在肩延長線的(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)方(fang)，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)切身(shen)(shen)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，當手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)切入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，向(xiang)(xiang)外側(ce)下(xia)(xia)(xia)滑，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌向(xiang)(xiang)上向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)勾手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肩內(nei)旋(xuan)，肘關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)引(yin)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)繼續上提(ti)，拉(la)開(kai)肩帶肌群，使(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)和(he)小臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)對好劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)。劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)主要(yao)部分(fen)。從臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)縱軸成(cheng)(cheng)40～50°角開(kai)始(shi)屈(qu)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)劃(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)速度要(yao)快于肘。劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)至肩側(ce)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)距水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)15厘米。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、前(qian)(qian)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、上臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)做推(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。肘關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)將(jiang)靠(kao)近體(ti)(ti)側(ce)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)壓(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，肩關(guan)(guan)(guan)節(jie)向(xiang)(xiang)上轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，內(nei)旋(xuan)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)壓(ya)至大腿(tui)旁時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)束劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束后(hou)(hou)(hou)，借助(zhu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌下(xia)(xia)(xia)壓(ya)的(de)(de)反(fan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)力，以提(ti)肩帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)上臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)前(qian)(qian)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)放(fang)松(song)，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)沿肩線上方(fang)前(qian)(qian)移，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)伸直(zhi)。兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)是(shi)一(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，另一(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。④呼吸(xi)與(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)配(pei)合(he)(he)：由于臉露(lu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，呼吸(xi)比較(jiao)自(zi)(zi)然，一(yi)般是(shi)右(you)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吸(xi)氣(qi)，移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)至將(jiang)垂(chui)直(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吸(xi)氣(qi)結(jie)束，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)憋氣(qi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)均勻吐氣(qi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)將(jiang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吐氣(qi)結(jie)束。臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)腿(tui)配(pei)合(he)(he)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)般是(shi)兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)各劃(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1次(ci)，腿(tui)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)6次(ci)。仰(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)點：1．"積(ji)極(ji)的(de)(de)"流線型(xing)：所(suo)謂"積(ji)極(ji)的(de)(de)"流線型(xing)，是(shi)指在任何時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候(hou)都(dou)要(yao)使(shi)自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)姿(zi)(zi)勢(shi)(shi)保持(chi)流線型(xing)，而不僅僅在移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)
速度最快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出發和(he)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)后。不(bu)(bu)論你的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)高(gao)(gao)如(ru)何，都要(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)自(zi)己(ji)游起(qi)(qi)來(lai)(lai)顯得很高(gao)(gao)。將身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)伸展(zhan)，把自(zi)己(ji)想象成一個(ge)只移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)數寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓滑(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貝殼，而(er)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)前進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)舟或駁船。2．平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)穩(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)姿勢：盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)使(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行。通(tong)過(guo)(guo)微(wei)向(xiang)前聳肩(jian)使(shi)(shi)脊(ji)背保(bao)持挺(ting)直。髖(kuan)部下沉會(hui)(hui)帶來(lai)(lai)較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)力，而(er)且使(shi)(shi)腿(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負荷加大(da)(da)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)比(bi)賽(sai)前半段就會(hui)(hui)耗費較(jiao)多能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。克雷澤伯格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)髖(kuan)部很高(gao)(gao)，因為在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)他(ta)快(kuai)速游進(jin)時身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)漂(piao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)保(bao)持平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡。反過(guo)(guo)來(lai)(lai)，游得越(yue)快(kuai)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)位(wei)置也會(hui)(hui)越(yue)高(gao)(gao)。3．身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)：像滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原木那(nei)(nei)(nei)樣(yang)使(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)向(xiang)兩(liang)側(ce)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)把肩(jian)和(he)髖(kuan)關(guan)節看作一個(ge)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)來(lai)(lai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。像在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)滑(hua)冰或輪滑(hua)時那(nei)(nei)(nei)樣(yang)將身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)從一側(ce)向(xiang)另(ling)一側(ce)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)速度要(yao)(yao)快(kuai)，使(shi)(shi)自(zi)己(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)多數時間都處(chu)于側(ce)位(wei)，而(er)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰臥(wo)(wo)位(wei)。這樣(yang)既可以減(jian)小(xiao)阻(zu)力，又(you)能(neng)(neng)夠充分發揮軀干大(da)(da)肌肉群的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力量(liang)(liang)(liang)。4．移(yi)臂和(he)入水(shui)(shui)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)向(xiang)猛(meng)然向(xiang)側(ce)方轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)使(shi)(shi)手(shou)快(kuai)速離(li)開水(shui)(shui)面(mian)。事(shi)實上，肩(jian)應該比(bi)手(shou)早離(li)開水(shui)(shui)面(mian)。如(ru)果手(shou)先出水(shui)(shui)，肩(jian)會(hui)(hui)遇到很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)力。移(yi)臂應放(fang)松，且垂直于身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)來(lai)(lai)保(bao)持身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡。如(ru)果移(yi)臂過(guo)(guo)寬，往往導致(zhi)過(guo)(guo)早轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，使(shi)(shi)手(shou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)頭前入水(shui)(shui)。其(qi)結果是(shi)使(shi)(shi)節奏減(jian)慢，并(bing)影響身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。正(zheng)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入水(shui)(shui)點應在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)肩(jian)延(yan)線(xian)上。5．打腿(tui)踝關(guan)節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)活性對(dui)仰泳(yong)腿(tui)十分重要(yao)(yao)。兩(liang)腿(tui)要(yao)(yao)窄，足(zu)尖伸展(zhan)，腳位(wei)于身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)截(jie)面(mian)內(nei)。水(shui)(shui)花不(bu)(bu)宜過(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)，但(dan)要(yao)(yao)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)打腿(tui)始終(zhong)使(shi)(shi)腳周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)像圓屋頂那(nei)(nei)(nei)樣(yang)。利(li)用(yong)打腿(tui)引(yin)起(qi)(qi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。記住側(ce)臥(wo)(wo)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度比(bi)仰臥(wo)(wo)要(yao)(yao)快(kuai)。
介紹：蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種古老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)式(shi)(shi)。據資料記載，早在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2000～4000年(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)、羅馬、古埃及就有(you)類似(si)這(zhe)種泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1875年(nian)(nian)8月24日(ri)著名游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)M．韋布采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)勢(shi)橫渡英吉(ji)利(li)海峽，歷時(shi)(shi)(shi)21小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)45分。19世(shi)紀(ji)初蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)第(di)(di)一(yi)種在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姿(zi)式(shi)(shi)。但由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)速度(du)慢(man)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)比(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)相繼(ji)(ji)又出(chu)現了(le)側泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、爬泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人越(yue)來越(yue)少。直到1904年(nian)(nian)第(di)(di)3屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)才(cai)把蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與其他(ta)姿(zi)式(shi)(shi)分開(kai)。1924～1936年(nian)(nian)期間(jian)(jian)，蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)最(zui)(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革新(xin)是(shi)(shi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)結束后(hou)兩臂(bei)(bei)(bei)不(bu)再從(cong)(cong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)移(yi)(yi)，改為(wei)由(you)(you)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)但仍采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蹬夾腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，出(chu)現了(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)——蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1936年(nian)(nian)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)業余游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)會(hui)(hui)(hui)對蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規則(ze)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)了(le)補充，允許(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)取代了(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1948年(nian)(nian)第(di)(di)14屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)，200米蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽只有(you)一(yi)人采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。而1952年(nian)(nian)第(di)(di)15屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，全部(bu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)都(dou)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)業余游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)會(hui)(hui)(hui)決(jue)定將(jiang)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)從(cong)(cong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項目中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分出(chu)來。從(cong)(cong)1956年(nian)(nian)第(di)(di)16屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)起(qi)將(jiang)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)列為(wei)正式(shi)(shi)比(bi)賽項目。當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)規則(ze)還允許(xu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)潛游,由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下游進不(bu)受波浪(lang)阻力影響，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)姿(zi)式(shi)(shi)好，阻力小(xiao)，速度(du)比(bi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1956年(nian)(nian)第(di)(di)16屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)，幾乎所(suo)有(you)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)都(dou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)長劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)參加比(bi)賽。日(ri)本運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)古川(chuan)勝以(yi)(yi)(yi)2′34″7的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)績創(chuang)造200米蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)世(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)錄(lu)。第(di)(di)16屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)后(hou)，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)業余游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)會(hui)(hui)(hui)重(zhong)新(xin)修改了(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規則(ze)，取消潛水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，只允許(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)出(chu)發(fa)和(he)轉身(shen)后(hou)做(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)次長劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，然后(hou)每個動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)頭部(bu)都(dou)要露出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)又得以(yi)(yi)(yi)恢復(fu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，并(bing)重(zhong)新(xin)規定了(le)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)世(shi)界(jie)紀(ji)錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準。如男(nan)子(zi)100米蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)為(wei)1′13″0。1957年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)戚烈云以(yi)(yi)(yi)1′11″7的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)績首(shou)先(xian)打破了(le)該紀(ji)錄(lu)。從(cong)(cong)此以(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)又出(chu)現了(le)寬劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)窄劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)。1.泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)滑翔姿(zi)勢(shi)，身(shen)體接近(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)。頭部(bu)約(yue)80%沉于(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，臉微(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)伸展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，掌心(xin)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)著斜外側。2.捉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下約(yue)7~9寸處開(kai)始(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)側面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)呼(hu)氣動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。3.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)沒有(you)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屈(qu)曲，繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外側，呼(hu)氣繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)增加。4.當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)頭部(bu)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)微(wei)(wei)微(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)，肘(zhou)關(guan)節開(kai)始(shi)(shi)屈(qu)曲，上(shang)(shang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)旋轉。5.當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)到達最(zui)(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬度(du)，肘(zhou)屈(qu)約(yue)110度(du)，這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)高肘(zhou)姿(zi)勢(shi)是(shi)(shi)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。6.頭部(bu)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)上(shang)(shang)抬，當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)嘴部(bu)露出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)，最(zui)(zui)后(hou)呼(hu)氣完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng).雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手開(kai)始(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內，以(yi)(yi)(yi)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)最(zui)(zui)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推進動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。7.當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)準備向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)，吸氣開(kai)始(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)部(bu)不(bu)要拉到肋骨下，膝關(guan)節開(kai)始(shi)(shi)屈(qu)曲，回腿(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)。8.嘴部(bu)閉(bi)上(shang)(shang)，吸氣完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足被帶向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)臀部(bu)，肘(zhou)關(guan)節繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)伸展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。9.回腿(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)進行。10.頸部(bu)屈(qu)曲，頭部(bu)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下傾斜。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足背屈(qu)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)，推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)回手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。11.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足推向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)并(bing)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)并(bing)攏。泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)閉(bi)氣，直至另一(yi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)。12.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)完(wan)(wan)(wan)全伸展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手稍低于(yu)(yu)(yu)肩膊水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)蹬水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)接近(jin)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)蹬水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，并(bing)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)身(shen)體成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)直線。他(ta)將(jiang)保(bao)持這(zhe)滑翔姿(zi)勢(shi)短(duan)暫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，然后(hou)當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)他(ta)感覺速度(du)減(jian)慢(man)，另一(yi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)循環開(kai)始(shi)(shi)。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)介紹：蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)基礎上(shang)(shang)演變(bian)而來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到第(di)(di)二階段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，也就是(shi)(shi)1937-1952年(nian)(nian)這(zhe)一(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)些運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)兩臂(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到大腿(tui)(tui)后(hou)提(ti)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)，再從(cong)(cong)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遷移(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)，從(cong)(cong)外形(xing)(xing)看，好像蝴蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)翅飛舞，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)人們稱它為(wei)“蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。1953年(nian)(nian)，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)規定，蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分開(kai)進行比(bi)賽，使(shi)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)了(le)一(yi)獨(du)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)賽項目，從(cong)(cong)而得到了(le)很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)是(shi)(shi)僅僅比(bi)爬泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)慢(man)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腿(tui)(tui)部(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)酷似(si)海豚(tun)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)又稱為(wei)“海豚(tun)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)體姿(zi)勢(shi)與其它泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)不(bu)同，它沒有(you)固(gu)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)體位置。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軀干各部(bu)分和(he)頭不(bu)斷改變(bian)彼此間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相對位置。頭和(he)軀干有(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)露出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)、有(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)潛入水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)波浪(lang)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)下起(qi)伏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)位置。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)游進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)橫軸（腰際(ji)）為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)，軀干和(he)腿(tui)(tui)做(zuo)(zuo)有(you)節奏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，發(fa)力點在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)腰腹部(bu)。然后(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)大腿(tui)(tui)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)，兩腿(tui)(tui)一(yi)起(qi)做(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)(shang)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鞭狀打水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。而這(zhe)些動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)與頭和(he)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)緊(jin)密聯(lian)(lian)(lian)系(xi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)起(qi)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)所(suo)特有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波浪(lang)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，因此前(qian)(qian)進時(shi)(shi)(shi)身(shen)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻力較小(xiao)。
亞歷山大·斯塔帕諾維奇·波(bo)波(bo)夫（Александр Степанович Попов1859年3月16日–1906年1月13日）是俄國物理學家(jia)和電氣工(gong)程(cheng)師，是研究電磁波(bo)的先驅。
波波夫出(chu)生于烏拉爾山區的一個(ge)小村莊，父親是一位(wei)神父，1877年(nian)(nian)進入彼(bi)得堡大學(xue)學(xue)習，1892年(nian)(nian)畢(bi)業(ye)后留校在(zai)實驗室工作，1893年(nian)(nian)到俄國海(hai)軍喀瑯(lang)施塔得魚雷(lei)學(xue)校任教。
波(bo)波(bo)夫于(yu)1894年發明(ming)了(le)(le)第一架(jia)無線電(dian)(dian)接收(shou)器(qi)，一個金屬(shu)檢波(bo)器(qi)，1895年改進成接收(shou)閃電(dian)(dian)發出的電(dian)(dian)磁波(bo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，同年5月7日他(ta)在(zai)俄(e)羅斯(si)物理(li)和化學(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)演示(shi)了(le)(le)他(ta)的接收(shou)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，這一天后來被俄(e)羅斯(si)定為“無線電(dian)(dian)日”慶祝。7月將這個裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)圣彼(bi)(bi)得堡林(lin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院的氣象(xiang)站中，幾(ji)個月后發表了(le)(le)一篇論文說明(ming)這種裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)可以(yi)接收(shou)人工震(zhen)蕩(dang)源的信號。1896年3月在(zai)彼(bi)(bi)得堡物理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)年會(hui)時，在(zai)彼(bi)(bi)得堡大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的兩(liang)座(zuo)建筑物之(zhi)間進行了(le)(le)發送和接收(shou)電(dian)(dian)磁波(bo)信號的實(shi)驗，這比(bi)意大(da)利(li)物理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家馬可尼(ni)于(yu)1896年6月取得專(zhuan)利(li)的裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)要早。
1898年他和俄國(guo)海(hai)軍一起進行了10千米距(ju)離(li)的海(hai)岸和軍艦之(zhi)間的通信實驗，1899年實現了50千米通信。但(dan)由于馬可(ke)尼(ni)(ni)先取得了專利，國(guo)際(ji)上一般認(ren)為是馬可(ke)尼(ni)(ni)發明的無線電通信，可(ke)是俄羅(luo)斯(si)人(ren)(ren)一致尊波(bo)波(bo)夫為無線電發明人(ren)(ren)。
1900年俄國海軍在(zai)波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫的指導下(xia)在(zai)波(bo)(bo)羅的海中的高(gao)戈蘭(lan)島設立了無(wu)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)站，和芬(fen)蘭(lan)沿(yan)海城市科特(te)卡之(zhi)間實現了無(wu)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)通訊。（當時(shi)芬(fen)蘭(lan)屬于沙皇俄國），2月5日發出第(di)一條信息，到(dao)了4月份，破冰船愛爾馬(ma)克號前(qian)往高(gao)戈蘭(lan)島解救(jiu)(jiu)被(bei)冰困住的戰艦，同時(shi)解救(jiu)(jiu)出50名芬(fen)蘭(lan)漁民，無(wu)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)站已經成功(gong)地發送了440條信息，這時(shi)馬(ma)可尼剛開始第(di)一次(ci)通信實驗。
1901年(nian)波(bo)波(bo)夫被任命為電技術研究(jiu)所的教授，1905年(nian)被選(xuan)為研究(jiu)所所長，年(nian)底健康狀況惡化，翌年(nian)初即死于腦溢血。
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】編輯上傳提供(gong)，詞(ci)條(tiao)屬于(yu)開放(fang)詞(ci)條(tiao)，當(dang)前頁面所展示(shi)的(de)(de)詞(ci)條(tiao)介紹涉及(ji)宣(xuan)傳內(nei)(nei)容屬于(yu)注冊用戶個(ge)人編輯行為(wei)，與(yu)【亞歷山大(da)·波波夫】的(de)(de)所屬企業/所有人/主體無(wu)關，網站(zhan)不完全保(bao)證(zheng)內(nei)(nei)容信息的(de)(de)準確性(xing)、真實(shi)性(xing)，也不代表本(ben)站(zhan)立場，各項數據(ju)信息存在(zai)更新不及(ji)時(shi)的(de)(de)情況，僅供(gong)參考，請以官方發布為(wei)準。如果(guo)頁面內(nei)(nei)容與(yu)實(shi)際情況不符，可點擊“反(fan)饋”在(zai)線向網站(zhan)提出(chu)修改，網站(zhan)將核實(shi)后(hou)進行更正。
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