亞(ya)歷山大(da)·波波夫(Alexander Popov)1994年(nian)畢(bi)業于伏爾加(jia)格勒體育學院(yuan)，目前在(zai)(zai)澳大(da)利(li)亞(ya)的(de)堪培拉大(da)學從(cong)事游泳(yong)訓練，教(jiao)練是圖列茨基(ji)。2001年(nian)與法(fa)國《隊(dui)(dui)報》澳大(da)利(li)亞(ya)記者阿蘭(lan)(lan)·科爾基(ji)耶合作撰寫了自(zi)(zi)傳《真(zhen)正的(de)游泳(yong)》，迄今仍是俄羅斯國家游泳(yong)隊(dui)(dui)的(de)隊(dui)(dui)員。當波波夫在(zai)(zai)亞(ya)特蘭(lan)(lan)大(da)奧運會上(shang)男(nan)子自(zi)(zi)由泳(yong)100米(mi)的(de)比賽中衛(wei)冕成(cheng)功時，他(ta)就創造了歷史——成(cheng)為自(zi)(zi)1920年(nian)以來第一(yi)個在(zai)(zai)這一(yi)項目連續兩屆奪(duo)得金牌的(de)運動員。
波(bo)波(bo)夫(fu)8歲開始學習游泳，他當時怕(pa)水(shui)。不(bu)過，他的(de)父親堅持他要學習游泳，經(jing)過刻苦努(nu)力，上世紀九十年代，俄(e)羅斯游泳運動員波(bo)波(bo)夫(fu)成(cheng)為世界泳壇頭號運動員。
1992年西(xi)班牙巴塞羅那夏(xia)季奧運會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，波波夫在(zai)(zai)100米自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)半(ban)程折返的(de)時候還(huan)處(chu)在(zai)(zai)第六的(de)位(wei)置，但(dan)他在(zai)(zai)剩下的(de)50米內后(hou)來居(ju)上(shang)(shang)，成功超越其他全部(bu)運動員，奪取金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)。兩天后(hou)的(de)50自由(you)泳(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)，波波夫一路領(ling)先(xian)奪得自己的(de)第二枚(mei)奧運金(jin)牌(pai)(pai)，在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)屆奧運會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，他還(huan)在(zai)(zai)接力項(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)奪得兩枚(mei)銀牌(pai)(pai)。
1996年美(mei)國亞特蘭大(da)夏季(ji)奧運會上，波(bo)波(bo)夫成功衛冕100米自(zi)由泳，他也成為奧運歷史上，第二位(wei)蟬(chan)聯100自(zi)由泳金牌的運動(dong)員。
三天(tian)后的50米比賽中(zhong)(zhong)，波(bo)波(bo)夫再次成(cheng)功衛(wei)冕，奪得(de)個人第四枚奧運金(jin)牌，此外，他在(zai)另外兩項(xiang)接力比賽中(zhong)(zhong)還奪取(qu)兩枚銀牌。
奧(ao)運結(jie)束后一個月(yue)，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在莫斯科街頭與(yu)一位賣西瓜的街頭小(xiao)販發生沖突，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫(fu)被(bei)對方用水果刀扎(zha)傷了肺(fei)部，休(xiu)養了一段時間后，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在1998年世界(jie)錦標賽100米自(zi)由泳比賽中再次奪(duo)得冠軍。
2000年(nian)悉尼(ni)奧運會上，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫在(zai)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)由泳比賽中奪得銀(yin)牌，50米(mi)(mi)比賽中名列第六。
1999年，波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫(fu)被選為(wei)國際奧(ao)委(wei)(wei)會運動員委(wei)(wei)員會委(wei)(wei)員，退役后，他當選俄羅斯游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)協會第一副主席。有著“冰人(ren)”和“俄羅斯火箭”之稱(cheng)的(de)俄羅斯游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)名將波(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)夫(fu)是(shi)上世界九十(shi)年代的(de)短距離游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)之王，被人(ren)尊稱(cheng)為(wei)“游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)沙皇”。
從1992年(nian)獲得巴塞羅(luo)那奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)男(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)50米(mi)(mi)和100自由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)兩塊金牌(pai)開始，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)統治這兩個(ge)項目長達(da)五年(nian)之久(jiu)，在1996年(nian)亞特(te)蘭(lan)大奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)上(shang)更是衛冕了兩項的(de)(de)冠軍(jun)。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)還參加了隨后(hou)的(de)(de)悉尼奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和雅(ya)典(dian)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，在四(si)屆奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)中共奪得四(si)枚(mei)金牌(pai)，五枚(mei)銀牌(pai)。他在世界錦(jin)標賽上(shang)同(tong)(tong)樣戰績彪炳，以(yi)6金4銀1銅的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)績傲視(shi)群雄。2004年(nian)雅(ya)典(dian)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)是波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)的(de)(de)告(gao)別賽，當(dang)他無緣男(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)和50米(mi)(mi)自由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)決賽后(hou)，全球的(de)(de)媒體都(dou)用了同(tong)(tong)一個(ge)標題(ti)——“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)時(shi)代結束(shu)”。退(tui)役后(hou)的(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)與妻子(zi)(zi)(zi)和兩個(ge)孩(hai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)定居在莫斯(si)(si)(si)科，他和涅莫夫(fu)一樣，都(dou)割舍不下自己(ji)鐘愛(ai)的(de)(de)并且(qie)奮斗了十余年(nian)的(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)成(cheng)(cheng)為俄(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)(si)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)協會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)副主席(xi)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)兼(jian)任俄(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)(si)總統體育委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)委(wei)員，以(yi)及國際奧(ao)(ao)委(wei)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)運(yun)(yun)動員委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)委(wei)員。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在為俄(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)(si)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)振興貢獻著自己(ji)的(de)(de)力量。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)也秉承了薩(sa)芬、涅莫夫(fu)等俄(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)(si)“沙(sha)皇(huang)”們(men)一貫的(de)(de)英(ying)俊外表，退(tui)役多(duo)年(nian)后(hou)仍(reng)風(feng)采依(yi)舊。對此(ci)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)透(tou)露，自己(ji)每周會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)去游(you)泳(yong)(yong)池3次(ci)，利(li)用游(you)泳(yong)(yong)保持了現在健(jian)美的(de)(de)身材。波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)的(de)(de)家(jia)庭很(hen)美滿，妻子(zi)(zi)(zi)曾(ceng)是俄(e)羅(luo)斯(si)(si)(si)隊女子(zi)(zi)(zi)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)選手，兩人育有兩個(ge)兒(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。談起兒(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)很(hen)自豪，他說如果兩個(ge)兒(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)一起游(you)接力，恐怕連他也追不上(shang)他們(men)。但(dan)是自己(ji)并不會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)強迫兒(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)接自己(ji)的(de)(de)班，未來由(you)(you)他們(men)自己(ji)去選擇。
1992年被授(shou)予(yu)俄(e)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)斯功勛體育(yu)健將稱號；1996年當(dang)選為俄(e)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)斯隊最佳運動員(yuan)；1996年被國際泳聯授(shou)予(yu)突出貢獻獎；1996年被授(shou)予(yu)俄(e)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)斯“為了(le)祖國”二級勛章(zhang)(zhang)；2000年當(dang)選為國際奧委(wei)會委(wei)員(yuan)；2002年被授(shou)予(yu)俄(e)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)斯友誼勛章(zhang)(zhang)。
最好(hao)成績：1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)和1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭大(da)兩(liang)屆奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)和50米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)四枚金(jin)牌得主(zhu)；運(yun)(yun)(yun)動成績：1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)力(li)賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)混(hun)合泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)力(li)賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1994年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)莫斯科友好(hao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動會(hui)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)得主(zhu)；1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭大(da)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭大(da)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭大(da)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)力(li)賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)亞(ya)(ya)特(te)(te)蘭大(da)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)4×100米(mi)(mi)(mi)混(hun)合泳(yong)(yong)接(jie)力(li)賽(sai)(sai)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)紐(niu)約友好(hao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動會(hui)冠(guan)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)得主(zhu)；2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)悉尼(ni)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)男子(zi)(zi)(zi)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)自(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)亞(ya)(ya)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)；多(duo)次獲(huo)得歐錦賽(sai)(sai)和世(shi)(shi)錦賽(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)并打破世(shi)(shi)界紀錄；有(you)“俄羅(luo)斯隊火箭”的美譽。
比賽
1994年畢業于伏爾(er)加格勒體(ti)育學院，目前(qian)在(zai)澳大(da)(da)(da)利亞(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)堪培拉(la)大(da)(da)(da)學從事游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)訓(xun)練，教練是(shi)圖列茨基。2001年與法國《隊報(bao)》澳大(da)(da)(da)利亞(ya)(ya)記者(zhe)阿蘭(lan)·科爾(er)基耶合作撰寫了(le)(le)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)傳(chuan)《真正的(de)(de)(de)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)》，迄今仍是(shi)俄(e)羅斯(si)國家游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)隊的(de)(de)(de)隊員。當波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在(zai)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭(lan)大(da)(da)(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會上(shang)男(nan)(nan)子自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)100米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)中(zhong)衛冕(mian)(mian)成(cheng)功時，他(ta)就創造(zao)了(le)(le)歷史——成(cheng)為自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)1920年以來第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個在(zai)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)目連續兩(liang)屆(jie)奪(duo)(duo)得(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動員。20世(shi)紀90年代，“泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇沙(sha)皇(huang)”亞(ya)(ya)歷山大(da)(da)(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)是(shi)男(nan)(nan)子短(duan)距(ju)離(li)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)統治者(zhe)，至(zhi)今讓人難忘。1992年巴塞羅那(nei)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)館曾(ceng)上(shang)演一(yi)(yi)(yi)幕(mu)逆轉(zhuan)大(da)(da)(da)戰(zhan)：年僅(jin)21歲的(de)(de)(de)俄(e)羅斯(si)名(ming)將亞(ya)(ya)歷山大(da)(da)(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在(zai)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽(sai)(sai)半(ban)(ban)程折返時還(huan)處在(zai)第(di)六位，后(hou)半(ban)(ban)程卻后(hou)來居上(shang)奪(duo)(duo)得(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)牌(pai)。兩(liang)天(tian)(tian)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽(sai)(sai)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)路(lu)領先，以絕對優勢奪(duo)(duo)得(de)首次奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)征程的(de)(de)(de)第(di)二(er)(er)枚金(jin)(jin)(jin)牌(pai)。他(ta)還(huan)在(zai)接(jie)力(li)項(xiang)(xiang)目奪(duo)(duo)得(de)兩(liang)枚銀牌(pai)。4年后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)(ya)特蘭(lan)大(da)(da)(da)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)成(cheng)功衛冕(mian)(mian)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，成(cheng)為奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)史上(shang)第(di)二(er)(er)位蟬聯該項(xiang)(xiang)目金(jin)(jin)(jin)牌(pai)的(de)(de)(de)選手。三天(tian)(tian)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)決(jue)賽(sai)(sai)，他(ta)又成(cheng)功衛冕(mian)(mian)，奪(duo)(duo)得(de)第(di)四枚奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)牌(pai)，并又在(zai)兩(liang)項(xiang)(xiang)接(jie)力(li)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)中(zhong)奪(duo)(duo)取銀牌(pai)，成(cheng)績與上(shang)屆(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)模一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)。奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會結束后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個月，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)在(zai)莫斯(si)科街頭與一(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)賣(mai)西瓜的(de)(de)(de)小販發生(sheng)沖突(tu)，被對方用水果(guo)刀扎傷肺(fei)部(bu)，休(xiu)養了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)段時間；但(dan)在(zai)1998年世(shi)界錦標賽(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)中(zhong)再次奪(duo)(duo)冠。隨后(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)的(de)(de)(de)競技狀(zhuang)態漸走下坡路(lu)。2000年悉尼奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會，他(ta)在(zai)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)不(bu)敵荷蘭(lan)名(ming)將霍根(gen)班德，僅(jin)奪(duo)(duo)得(de)銀牌(pai)；50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)只名(ming)列第(di)六。2004年雅典(dian)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)(yun)會，33歲的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)沒能(neng)進入100米(mi)(mi)和50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)賽(sai)(sai)。霍根(gen)班德曾(ceng)說過：“沒有(you)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)賽(sai)(sai)是(shi)不(bu)完(wan)美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)。”“沙(sha)皇(huang)”就這樣(yang)不(bu)完(wan)美(mei)地退出了(le)(le)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇。
在(zai)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種距離(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，短道是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)看(kan)絕對速度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)，50米(mi)(mi)沒有轉身折返，從(cong)出(chu)發(fa)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)終點一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)(chi)長度(du)(du)。蝶泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、仰(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)四種泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)速度(du)(du)最(zui)(zui)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。所以(yi)說，男(nan)子(zi)50米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所有游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)用時(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)短的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，猶如(ru)(ru)田徑場上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)男(nan)子(zi)百米(mi)(mi)決賽(sai)(sai)(sai)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，第(di)25屆(jie)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)在(zai)西(xi)班(ban)(ban)牙(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)舉行，選(xuan)手們(men)(men)已經各(ge)就(jiu)(jiu)各(ge)位(wei)(wei)。在(zai)參加決賽(sai)(sai)(sai)選(xuan)手中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，馬特(te)·比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)昂迪和(he)湯姆·賈格(ge)(ge)爾(er)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兩位(wei)(wei)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)(jie)頂級名(ming)將(jiang)尤為(wei)引(yin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)注目。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)馬特(te)·比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)昂迪，曾13次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)打破世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)(jie)紀錄，在(zai)漢城奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)拿(na)下五金(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)銀一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)銅，被冠(guan)以(yi)“世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)(jie)快(kuai)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王”、“世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)(jie)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飛(fei)魚(yu)”、“魚(yu)雷”等稱號。然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)，目光(guang)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)兩個(ge)(ge)明星(xing)(xing)身上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)部分人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)很難想(xiang)象(xiang)，他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)將(jiang)親眼見證世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)(jie)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)新時(shi)(shi)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)開(kai)始的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信號發(fa)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)立刻泛起陣陣浪花，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)很快(kuai)就(jiu)(jiu)驚奇地發(fa)現，在(zai)最(zui)(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)10米(mi)(mi)沖刺中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，領(ling)先所有人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，既不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)昂迪，也(ye)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)賈格(ge)(ge)爾(er)，而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)瘦瘦高高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)俄羅(luo)斯(si)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動員！幾(ji)秒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)位(wei)(wei)俄羅(luo)斯(si)選(xuan)手首(shou)先觸壁，獲得了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)塊令(ling)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)激動不已的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)牌(pai)。他(ta)(ta)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俄羅(luo)斯(si)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動員亞(ya)歷山大(da)·波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。隨后(hou)(hou)(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)又拿(na)下了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)男(nan)子(zi)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)牌(pai)，新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)霸主誕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)！那(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)21歲。與(yu)其他(ta)(ta)很多(duo)(duo)(duo)在(zai)幼年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)時(shi)(shi)起，就(jiu)(jiu)展示出(chu)過(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天(tian)賦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)健將(jiang)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)直到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)8歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候才努力克服了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)對水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)害怕(pa)，開(kai)始學習游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。14歲那(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)奪(duo)得全國青年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)錦標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)17歲進入俄羅(luo)斯(si)國家隊。直到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)時(shi)(shi)候，他(ta)(ta)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直練(lian)習的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仰(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，19歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)聽從(cong)俄羅(luo)斯(si)著名(ming)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)教練(lian)托萊斯(si)基的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)議，改練(lian)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)決定，使(shi)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)少了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)選(xuan)手，但(dan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)日后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天(tian)皇巨星(xing)(xing)。第(di)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)就(jiu)(jiu)獲得了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)歐錦賽(sai)(sai)(sai)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)。在(zai)1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精彩表演似乎只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)宣告：男(nan)子(zi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)”到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)來了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。其后(hou)(hou)(hou)，在(zai)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)大(da)國際游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)事(shi)上(shang)(shang)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)(men)見到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)粼(lin)粼(lin)碧波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)劈波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)斬浪、傲視群雄(xiong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。“疾跑沙皇”、“俄羅(luo)斯(si)火箭”，任何一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種綽號，代(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壟斷。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)亞(ya)特(te)蘭(lan)(lan)大(da)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)獲得50米(mi)(mi)和(he)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩項金(jin)牌(pai)，衛冕成功，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)(shi)他(ta)(ta)已經站在(zai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)涯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巔，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)那(nei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)月(yue)，他(ta)(ta)卻在(zai)醫院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)癥病(bing)房里(li)度(du)(du)過(guo)。8月(yue)24日，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和(he)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朋(peng)友在(zai)莫斯(si)科街頭因(yin)為(wei)買(mai)西(xi)瓜與(yu)賣瓜人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)爭執(zhi)，爭執(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，西(xi)瓜小(xiao)販鋒利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)刃，刺入了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腹部，動脈破了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)、腎臟裂了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)、胸膜穿了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，甚至肺(fei)也(ye)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)傷害。在(zai)緊急接受(shou)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)3個(ge)(ge)多(duo)(duo)(duo)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手術之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)活了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)下來。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很多(duo)(duo)(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)感(gan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)惋惜，遭次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)重(zhong)創的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)還能(neng)撐起他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)嗎？波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)似乎是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)奇跡而(er)(er)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，他(ta)(ta)僅(jin)僅(jin)休養了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)3個(ge)(ge)月(yue)，便重(zhong)新回(hui)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)(chi)，回(hui)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)冠(guan)軍(jun)領(ling)獎臺(tai)！1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歐洲游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)錦標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)，他(ta)(ta)仍然(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)軍(jun)。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)悉(xi)尼(ni)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)出(chu)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)，如(ru)(ru)果他(ta)(ta)再(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)衛冕就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)連續三屆(jie)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)冠(guan)軍(jun)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不僅(jin)前無古人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，恐(kong)怕(pa)也(ye)鮮有來者。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，荷(he)蘭(lan)(lan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)在(zai)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)滿面笑容(rong)地揮(hui)舞起了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)手臂，那(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)刻，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)屬于波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)結束(shu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)悉(xi)尼(ni)奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)并(bing)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)神(shen)話(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)抹(mo)余暉，三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，在(zai)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)巴(ba)塞(sai)羅(luo)那(nei)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)(jie)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)錦標賽(sai)(sai)(sai)上(shang)(shang)，已經32歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)竟然(ran)(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)口氣(qi)擊敗(bai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)兩位(wei)(wei)如(ru)(ru)日中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)新霸主——荷(he)蘭(lan)(lan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)、澳(ao)大(da)利(li)亞(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)索(suo)普(pu)，再(zai)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)站到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)100米(mi)(mi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冠(guan)軍(jun)領(ling)獎臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)。全場觀眾(zhong)起立長時(shi)(shi)間(jian)鼓(gu)掌，霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)大(da)為(wei)驚嘆波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王者霸氣(qi)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)從(cong)首(shou)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)奪(duo)得世(shi)(shi)錦賽(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)最(zui)(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)拿(na)世(shi)(shi)錦賽(sai)(sai)(sai)冠(guan)軍(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)跨度(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整整12年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)!2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)雅(ya)典奧運(yun)(yun)(yun)會(hui)失利(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)宣布退(tui)役(yi)，在(zai)告別晚宴上(shang)(shang)國際泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壇(tan)巨星(xing)(xing)齊聚(ju)。澳(ao)大(da)利(li)亞(ya)名(ming)將(jiang)索(suo)普(pu)說，“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)您(nin)鼓(gu)舞了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代(dai)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)您(nin)給我(wo)帶(dai)來了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈感(gan)”。美(mei)國游(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)神(shen)童菲爾(er)普(pu)斯(si)說“能(neng)夠和(he)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)(tong)場比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)(sai)對我(wo)永遠是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種榮譽(yu)。”荷(he)蘭(lan)(lan)飛(fei)魚(yu)霍(huo)根班(ban)(ban)德(de)也(ye)說：“波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)(chi)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳奇”。
遠古(gu)時(shi)代，人(ren)類為適應生(sheng)存環境，逐漸(jian)學會(hui)(hui)(hui)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。中國春秋時(shi)代就有泅水(shui)活動(dong)(dong)，利(li)比(bi)亞(ya)史前巖(yan)畫也有游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)勢的(de)描繪。現代游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)始于英國，17世紀60年(nian)代流行于約克郡地(di)區。1828年(nian)在利(li)物浦喬治碼頭修建了世界上(shang)(shang)第(di)(di)一個(ge)室內(nei)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)。1837年(nian)成(cheng)立世界上(shang)(shang)第(di)(di)一個(ge)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)協會(hui)(hui)(hui)。1908年(nian)規(gui)定游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)必(bi)須在水(shui)池(chi)內(nei)比(bi)賽(sai)。國際標(biao)準游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)池(chi)長50米(mi)，寬至少21米(mi)，深1.80米(mi)以上(shang)(shang)。設8條泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)道，每條泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)道寬2.50米(mi)，分道線由(you)直徑(jing)5～10厘米(mi)的(de)單個(ge)浮(fu)標(biao)連接(jie)而成(cheng)。運(yun)動(dong)(dong)員比(bi)賽(sai)必(bi)須站在出(chu)(chu)發臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)出(chu)(chu)發（仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)除外），出(chu)(chu)發臺(tai)(tai)高(gao)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)面50～75厘米(mi)，臺(tai)(tai)面積(ji)為50×50厘米(mi)。1896年(nian)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)被列(lie)為奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)競賽(sai)項目時(shi)，不(bu)分泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)，是(shi)真正的(de)"自(zi)(zi)由(you)式(shi)"，只有100米(mi)、500米(mi)、1200米(mi)3個(ge)項目。1900年(nian)第(di)(di)2屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)時(shi)，將仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分出(chu)(chu)；1904年(nian)第(di)(di)3屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)時(shi)，又(you)分出(chu)(chu)蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1912年(nian)第(di)(di)5屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)時(shi)，女子游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)被列(lie)為比(bi)賽(sai)項目。1956年(nian)第(di)(di)16屆(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)，又(you)增加了蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，從此定型為4種泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)(zi)。此后的(de)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)賽(sai)發展到共有自(zi)(zi)由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、蝶(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、仰泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、混合泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)接(jie)力（自(zi)(zi)由(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與混合泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)）6大項32個(ge)小項，是(shi)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)(hui)僅次(ci)于田徑(jing)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)金(jin)牌大戶(hu)。
游(you)泳項目介(jie)紹之(zhi)自由泳：
自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)之一(yi)(yi)。1896年第1屆奧運(yun)(yun)會(hui)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)列為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)式比(bi)(bi)賽項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)。自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不受任(ren)何姿(zi)勢(shi)限(xian)制，爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)速度(du)(du)最(zui)(zui)快(kuai)，爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也就成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯一(yi)(yi)姿(zi)勢(shi)。爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)像(xiang)爬(pa)行，即(ji)雙(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)交替打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。這(zhe)(zhe)種姿(zi)勢(shi)結(jie)構合理(li)，阻力(li)(li)(li)(li)小(xiao)，速度(du)(du)均勻，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)目(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)世界上(shang)(shang)(shang)最(zui)(zui)快(kuai)、最(zui)(zui)省(sheng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)勢(shi)。自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性強，在(zai)(zai)(zai)奧運(yun)(yun)會(hui)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)賽中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)占有(you)(you)很重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位。奧運(yun)(yun)會(hui)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)男(nan)子有(you)(you)50米(mi)、100米(mi)、200米(mi)、400米(mi)、1500米(mi)、4×100米(mi)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)(li)、4×200米(mi)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)(li)7項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)；女子有(you)(you)50米(mi)、100米(mi)、200米(mi)、400米(mi)、800米(mi)、4×100米(mi)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)(li)6項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)全部(bu)游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)31項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)占13項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，而且(qie)(qie)混合泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)混合泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)接(jie)力(li)(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也包括自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，因此(ci)(ci)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)往往被看(kan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)衡量一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)國家游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志。自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本技術(shu)特點是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，人體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)俯臥水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，頭肩稍(shao)(shao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，游(you)(you)(you)進時(shi)(shi)(shi)軀干繞(rao)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)縱(zong)軸(zhou)適當(dang)左(zuo)右滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)進。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路(lu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)呈S形(xing)(xing)(xing)，呼(hu)吸(xi)與(yu)(yu)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)協調。當(dang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流在(zai)(zai)(zai)頭兩(liang)(liang)側形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)谷吸(xi)氣。50年代(dai)以(yi)前(qian)(qian)，游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員都非常重(zhong)視兩(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，一(yi)(yi)般都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1次(ci)就打(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)6次(ci)。后(hou)來科(ke)研材料證(zheng)明打(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能量消(xiao)耗比(bi)(bi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)得多(duo)，而推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)主要(yao)來自(zi)(zi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。因此(ci)(ci)以(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技術(shu)重(zhong)視臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配合，打(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)距(ju)離游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已減(jian)少(shao)(shao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2次(ci)或4次(ci)。但(dan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)短距(ju)離游(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)數運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)員仍(reng)然(ran)(ran)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)打(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)6次(ci)。自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)環節(jie)：身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)姿(zi)勢(shi)：游(you)(you)(you)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)要(yao)盡量保(bao)持(chi)俯臥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)姿(zi)勢(shi)。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了取得更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)效果，頭部(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)稍(shao)(shao)抬，兩(liang)(liang)眼注(zhu)視前(qian)(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)，頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)分(fen)(fen)(fen)之一(yi)(yi)露(lu)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)接(jie)近(jin)發(fa)際(ji)，雙(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)處于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)最(zui)(zui)低點，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)縱(zong)軸(zhou)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3-5度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)游(you)(you)(you)進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)可以(yi)圍繞(rao)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)縱(zong)軸(zhou)做有(you)(you)節(jie)奏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)35-45度(du)(du)之間。如果速度(du)(du)加快(kuai)，角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)就會(hui)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)。這(zhe)(zhe)種轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)頭和(he)(he)(he)(he)吸(xi)氣而形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并(bing)(bing)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)意(yi)識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)所帶(dai)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好處有(you)(you)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)幾點：便于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，并(bing)(bing)縮短移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)半徑。有(you)(you)助于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，使(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)(li)(li)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)更接(jie)近(jin)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)垂直投(tou)影面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臀部(bu)隨(sui)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)輕度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，產生(sheng)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)側向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，可以(yi)抵(di)銷移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)側向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)偏離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，維持(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡。便于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)呼(hu)吸(xi)。腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)部(bu)技術(shu)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技術(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)除了產生(sheng)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)，主要(yao)起(qi)著維持(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，它能使(shi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)肢抬高(gao)(gao)(gao)，以(yi)及協調配合雙(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，幾乎與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垂直方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)進行，從垂直面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)看(kan)，兩(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)開(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)30-40厘米(mi)，膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)彎曲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)160度(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。游(you)(you)(you)進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，腳(jiao)(jiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)接(jie)近(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)；向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，不應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)超過(guo)(guo)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)低部(bu)位。正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腳(jiao)(jiao)稍(shao)(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)(nei)旋(xuan)，踝關(guan)(guan)節(jie)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)放(fang)(fang)松(song)，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)該從髖關(guan)(guan)節(jie)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，通過(guo)(guo)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)部(bu)，最(zui)(zui)后(hou)到腳(jiao)(jiao)，形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“鞭狀(zhuang)”打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，因此(ci)(ci)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)較快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度(du)(du)進行；而向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)則要(yao)求(qiu)放(fang)(fang)松(song)、自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)，盡量少(shao)(shao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，并(bing)(bing)且(qie)(qie)速度(du)(du)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)要(yao)慢(man)。從腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)，當(dang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)，從下(xia)(xia)(xia)直腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)至踝關(guan)(guan)節(jie)、膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)、髖關(guan)(guan)節(jie)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行時(shi)(shi)(shi)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)稍(shao)(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)而終止(zhi)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并(bing)(bing)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。當(dang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)慣性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)仍(reng)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而使(shi)膝(xi)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)彎曲形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)約(yue)(yue)160度(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。這(zhe)(zhe)使(shi)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)達到了最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)點，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，而帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。當(dang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到最(zui)(zui)低點并(bing)(bing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)抬起(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腳(jiao)(jiao)與(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)仍(reng)保(bao)持(chi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)，并(bing)(bing)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)打(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，直至完(wan)全伸(shen)(shen)直為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)止(zhi)，才隨(sui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)第二(er)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)循環動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)部(bu)技術(shu)：自(zi)(zi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。它分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移(yi)(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)等幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)階段，這(zhe)(zhe)幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)階段在(zai)(zai)(zai)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)緊(jin)密相(xiang)連的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)完(wan)整(zheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)略屈(qu)，并(bing)(bing)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)指自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)伸(shen)(shen)直并(bing)(bing)攏，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)斜下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)且(qie)(qie)插(cha)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。注(zhu)意(yi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)放(fang)(fang)松(song)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)肩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長(chang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，或在(zai)(zai)(zai)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)肩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延長(chang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)之間。入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順序為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)——小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)——大(da)(da)(da)(da)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)。手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)切入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)和(he)(he)(he)(he)小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)繼(ji)續向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)伸(shen)(shen)展，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——稍(shao)(shao)有(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)變為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——稍(shao)(shao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)積(ji)極插(cha)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)積(ji)極外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)旋(xuan)，并(bing)(bing)屈(qu)腕、屈(qu)肘(zhou)(zhou)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)直的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，當(dang)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)下(xia)(xia)(xia)至與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)15-20度(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)逐(zhu)漸屈(qu)肘(zhou)(zhou)，使(shi)肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)(shi)前(qian)(qian)，也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)約(yue)(yue)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)40度(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)屈(qu)至150度(du)(du)左(zuo)右。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)做準備(bei)，因此(ci)(ci)她是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)放(fang)(fang)松(song)和(he)(he)(he)(he)緩慢(man)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)就好像(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)去抱(bao)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)圓(yuan)球一(yi)(yi)樣。抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)(fen)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)：手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)方(fang)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)40度(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)起(qi)之后(hou)方(fang)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)約(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)15-20度(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)止(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滑(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。它分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)階段：從抱(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束到劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)至與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)垂直之前(qian)(qian)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“拉(la)(la)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)”，過(guo)(guo)垂直面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)后(hou)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。拉(la)(la)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)持(chi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)肘(zhou)(zhou)姿(zi)勢(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)(nei)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。當(dang)拉(la)(la)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束時(shi)(shi)(shi)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)下(xia)(xia)(xia)接(jie)近(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)彎曲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)90-120度(du)(du)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，小(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)內(nei)(nei)旋(xuan)，掌(zhang)(zhang)心由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)(nei)后(hou)方(fang)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)后(hou)方(fang)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通過(guo)(guo)屈(qu)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)到伸(shen)(shen)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)來完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)(guan)節(jie)要(yao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)、向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)側靠近(jin)，并(bing)(bing)且(qie)(qie)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)始(shi)(shi)(shi)終要(yao)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)保(bao)持(chi)垂直。整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)路(lu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)并(bing)(bing)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)始(shi)(shi)(shi)終在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)條直線(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)同一(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，實際(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)較復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)度(du)(du)曲線(xian)(xian)(xian)。從身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額狀(zhuang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)來看(kan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“S”型(xing)，從身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矢狀(zhuang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)來看(kan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)“W”型(xing)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，肩部(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)配合手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)進行向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)——向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合理(li)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，這(zhe)(zhe)樣有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)加長(chang)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)路(lu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)加大(da)(da)(da)(da)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)量。
出水(shui)(shui)(shui)：在(zai)(zai)劃水(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束后(hou)，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)由(you)(you)于慣性的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)而很快(kuai)(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靠近水(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)，這時(shi)，由(you)(you)大臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)肘(zhou)關節(jie)做向(xiang)外上方的(de)(de)(de)(de)“提(ti)拉”動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，將小(xiao)(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)手(shou)提(ti)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)。小(xiao)(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)比大臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)稍慢一些，掌心向(xiang)后(hou)上方。手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)迅速(su)(su)而不停頓，但同(tong)時(shi)應(ying)該柔(rou)和(he)(he)(he)，小(xiao)(xiao)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)手(shou)掌攙捯浵湥?o蜀?應(ying)盡量(liang)放松。空(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)在(zai)(zai)空(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)移的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)繼續，不能停頓，一臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)該放松自如(ru)，盡量(liang)不要(yao)破壞(huai)身(shen)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流線型，要(yao)和(he)(he)(he)另(ling)一臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劃水(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)協(xie)調一致，并且(qie)要(yao)注意節(jie)奏(zou)。在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，肘(zhou)部應(ying)始(shi)終保持比手(shou)部高的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置。配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)：自由(you)(you)泳的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)分：兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)以及完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)：自由(you)(you)泳兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正確(que)配(pei)合(he)是保障前(qian)進速(su)(su)度(du)均(jun)勻性的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)條(tiao)件，并且(qie)還有利于發(fa)揮肩(jian)帶(dai)力量(liang)積(ji)極(ji)(ji)參(can)與劃水(shui)(shui)(shui)。根(gen)據劃水(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)所處的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置，可(ke)以把手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)分為三種：即(ji)(ji)前(qian)交叉(cha)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)交叉(cha)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)交叉(cha)和(he)(he)(he)后(hou)交叉(cha)。一般優(you)秀運動(dong)(dong)(dong)員都采(cai)用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)交叉(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。兩(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)：自由(you)(you)泳技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)較(jiao)為復(fu)雜，但是它的(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞(huai)，將直接影響著(zhu)劃水(shui)(shui)(shui)力量(liang)和(he)(he)(he)速(su)(su)度(du)、耐力的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)揮。自由(you)(you)泳的(de)(de)(de)(de)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)為：一次呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)N次劃水(shui)(shui)(shui)（N>2）。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)氣時(shi)，頭隨著(zhu)肩(jian)、身(shen)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向(xiang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)向(xiang)一側(ce)，使頭在(zai)(zai)低(di)于水(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)波谷中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)氣。此時(shi)，同(tong)側(ce)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)正處在(zai)(zai)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)入(ru)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)階段。移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)時(shi)，頭轉(zhuan)(zhuan)向(xiang)正常位置。同(tong)側(ce)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)，開始(shi)慢慢呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氣，并逐漸(jian)用(yong)力加快(kuai)(kuai)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)度(du)。完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)：即(ji)(ji)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)腿(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)。因為手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)是產生推進力的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)來(lai)源，因此在(zai)(zai)配(pei)合(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)腿(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)都應(ying)該服(fu)從于手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)腿(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)比例主要(yao)由(you)(you)三種：1：2：2（即(ji)(ji)一次呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，兩(liang)次手(shou)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，兩(liang)次打(da)腿(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)）；1：2：4；1：2：6。也(ye)有極(ji)(ji)少(shao)數優(you)秀運動(dong)(dong)(dong)員采(cai)用(yong)1：2：8的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。
介(jie)紹：游泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項目(mu)之一(yi)。1900年第(di)2屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)開(kai)始列為(wei)正式(shi)(shi)比賽(sai)項目(mu)。仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包括反蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)(he)爬(pa)式(shi)(shi)仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。反蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)最早出現的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)近似蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，而身(shen)(shen)體(ti)姿勢(shi)(shi)相反。即人體(ti)仰(yang)(yang)臥水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)，兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)從頭(tou)(tou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)經體(ti)側(ce)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。最初幾(ji)屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比賽(sai)都是(shi)(shi)采(cai)用(yong)反蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿勢(shi)(shi)。1912年第(di)5屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，美國運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)H.赫伯納采(cai)用(yong)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)輪(lun)流(liu)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、兩(liang)(liang)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，以(yi)(yi)1′21″2的(de)(de)(de)成績獲100米仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冠(guan)軍(jun)，顯示了爬(pa)式(shi)(shi)仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)優越性，而反蛙泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)逐(zhu)漸失去在(zai)(zai)競賽(sai)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)意義。爬(pa)式(shi)(shi)仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)自由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)相同。基(ji)本技(ji)(ji)術(shu)包括身(shen)(shen)體(ti)姿勢(shi)(shi)、腿(tui)(tui)(tui)和(he)(he)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)呼吸與(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)配(pei)合等方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)。①身(shen)(shen)體(ti)姿勢(shi)(shi)：仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)幾(ji)乎水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平仰(yang)(yang)臥在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)，胸部自然伸展(zhan)與(yu)腹部成一(yi)直線(xian)(xian)，頭(tou)(tou)部沒于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)，臉(lian)(lian)部露出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)。在(zai)(zai)游進時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，頭(tou)(tou)部始終保(bao)(bao)持正直姿勢(shi)(shi)，軀干圍繞(rao)縱軸(zhou)因兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)流(liu)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)而自然轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。②腿(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)：仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)有(you)三：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)前(qian)進，二(er)是(shi)(shi)維(wei)持身(shen)(shen)體(ti)平衡(heng)，三是(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)持身(shen)(shen)體(ti)有(you)較高水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平姿勢(shi)(shi)。腿(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)幅度(du)比自由泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)稍大(da)。打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)髖關(guan)節(jie)(jie)為(wei)支(zhi)點，大(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)發力(li)，帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)小腿(tui)(tui)(tui)及(ji)腳(jiao)用(yong)力(li)上(shang)(shang)踢(ti)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)踢(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)微屈(qu)(qu)，約(yue)成140°角左(zuo)右，踝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)伸展(zhan)，腳(jiao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)力(li)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，膝關(guan)節(jie)(jie)自然伸直，兩(liang)(liang)腳(jiao)跟的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)最大(da)距(ju)離約(yue)40～50厘米。踢(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腳(jiao)尖稍向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)旋，以(yi)(yi)加(jia)大(da)踢(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)積。③臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)：臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)分入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)空中(zhong)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)幾(ji)個部分，幾(ji)個動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)連貫地進行。入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)自然伸直，手小指朝下(xia)(xia)在(zai)(zai)肩(jian)(jian)延長線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)方(fang)(fang)(fang)，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)切身(shen)(shen)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，當手切入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)外側(ce)下(xia)(xia)滑，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)手掌(zhang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang)(fang)勾手，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肩(jian)(jian)內(nei)旋，肘關(guan)節(jie)(jie)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)下(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)(fang)引，手繼(ji)續上(shang)(shang)提，拉(la)開(kai)肩(jian)(jian)帶(dai)(dai)肌群，使手和(he)(he)小臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)對好(hao)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)(shi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)部分。從臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)抱水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)縱軸(zhou)成40～50°角開(kai)始屈(qu)(qu)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，手后(hou)(hou)(hou)劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)速度(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)快于(yu)肘。劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)至肩(jian)(jian)側(ce)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，手距(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)約(yue)15厘米。這時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)手、前(qian)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、上(shang)(shang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)方(fang)(fang)(fang)做推水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。肘關(guan)節(jie)(jie)將(jiang)靠近體(ti)側(ce)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，手向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)下(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)(fang)壓水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，肩(jian)(jian)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，內(nei)旋，手掌(zhang)內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)下(xia)(xia)壓至大(da)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)旁時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)束劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)結(jie)束后(hou)(hou)(hou)，借助手掌(zhang)下(xia)(xia)壓的(de)(de)(de)反作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)力(li)，以(yi)(yi)提肩(jian)(jian)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)上(shang)(shang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)前(qian)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，手放松(song)，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)沿肩(jian)(jian)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)前(qian)移，臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)伸直。兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合是(shi)(shi)一(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，另一(yi)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。④呼吸與(yu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)配(pei)合：由于(yu)臉(lian)(lian)露出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)，呼吸比較自然，一(yi)般是(shi)(shi)右臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吸氣(qi)，移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)至將(jiang)垂直水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吸氣(qi)結(jie)束，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)憋氣(qi)，手入(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)均勻吐氣(qi)，手將(jiang)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吐氣(qi)結(jie)束。臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)配(pei)合動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)般是(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)各劃(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1次，腿(tui)(tui)(tui)打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)6次。仰(yang)(yang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)點：1．"積極的(de)(de)(de)"流(liu)線(xian)(xian)型：所謂"積極的(de)(de)(de)"流(liu)線(xian)(xian)型，是(shi)(shi)指在(zai)(zai)任何時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候(hou)都要(yao)(yao)(yao)使自己的(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)體(ti)姿勢(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)持流(liu)線(xian)(xian)型，而不僅(jin)僅(jin)在(zai)(zai)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)
速(su)度最快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出發和轉(zhuan)(zhuan)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)后。不論你的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)高(gao)如(ru)何，都要(yao)使(shi)自(zi)己游起(qi)來顯(xian)得(de)(de)很(hen)(hen)高(gao)。將身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)盡量(liang)(liang)伸展，把自(zi)己想象成一個(ge)只移動(dong)數(shu)寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓滑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、滑動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貝殼(ke)，而(er)不是(shi)(shi)在(zai)水(shui)中前進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小舟(zhou)或駁船。2．平(ping)(ping)穩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)姿勢：盡量(liang)(liang)使(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)與水(shui)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)平(ping)(ping)行。通過微向(xiang)(xiang)前聳肩(jian)使(shi)脊背保持(chi)(chi)挺直。髖部下(xia)沉(chen)會帶來較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻力(li)，而(er)且使(shi)腿(tui)(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負荷加大(da)(da)，在(zai)比(bi)賽前半段就會耗費較(jiao)多能(neng)量(liang)(liang)。克雷澤伯格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)髖部很(hen)(hen)高(gao)，因為在(zai)他快(kuai)速(su)游進時(shi)(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)漂在(zai)水(shui)面(mian)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)保持(chi)(chi)平(ping)(ping)衡。反過來，游得(de)(de)越(yue)快(kuai)，身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)位(wei)置也會越(yue)高(gao)。3．身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)：像滾動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)木那(nei)(nei)樣(yang)(yang)使(shi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)向(xiang)(xiang)兩側轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。要(yao)注意把肩(jian)和髖關節(jie)看(kan)作一個(ge)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)來轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。像在(zai)滑冰或輪滑時(shi)(shi)那(nei)(nei)樣(yang)(yang)將身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)從一側向(xiang)(xiang)另(ling)一側轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)速(su)度要(yao)快(kuai)，使(shi)自(zi)己在(zai)多數(shu)時(shi)(shi)間都處于側位(wei)，而(er)不是(shi)(shi)平(ping)(ping)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)仰(yang)臥(wo)(wo)位(wei)。這樣(yang)(yang)既可以(yi)減小阻力(li)，又能(neng)夠充分(fen)(fen)發揮軀干大(da)(da)肌(ji)肉群的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)量(liang)(liang)。4．移臂(bei)和入(ru)(ru)水(shui)通過向(xiang)(xiang)猛然向(xiang)(xiang)側方轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)使(shi)手(shou)快(kuai)速(su)離(li)開(kai)水(shui)面(mian)。事實上，肩(jian)應(ying)(ying)該(gai)比(bi)手(shou)早(zao)離(li)開(kai)水(shui)面(mian)。如(ru)果手(shou)先出水(shui)，肩(jian)會遇(yu)到很(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻力(li)。移臂(bei)應(ying)(ying)放松(song)，且垂直于身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)來保持(chi)(chi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)衡。如(ru)果移臂(bei)過寬，往往導致(zhi)過早(zao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，使(shi)手(shou)在(zai)頭前入(ru)(ru)水(shui)。其結(jie)果是(shi)(shi)使(shi)節(jie)奏(zou)減慢，并(bing)影響身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入(ru)(ru)水(shui)點應(ying)(ying)在(zai)肩(jian)延線上。5．打腿(tui)(tui)(tui)踝關節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活性對仰(yang)泳腿(tui)(tui)(tui)十分(fen)(fen)重(zhong)要(yao)。兩腿(tui)(tui)(tui)要(yao)窄，足尖伸展，腳位(wei)于身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)截面(mian)內。水(shui)花(hua)不宜過大(da)(da)，但(dan)要(yao)通過打腿(tui)(tui)(tui)始終使(shi)腳周(zhou)圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)像圓屋頂那(nei)(nei)樣(yang)(yang)。利用打腿(tui)(tui)(tui)引起(qi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。記(ji)住側臥(wo)(wo)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)度比(bi)仰(yang)臥(wo)(wo)要(yao)快(kuai)。
介(jie)紹：蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種古老的(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)式。據(ju)資料(liao)記(ji)載，早在(zai)2000～4000年前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)、羅馬、古埃及就有(you)類似這(zhe)種泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1875年8月24日著(zhu)名游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)M．韋布采(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)勢(shi)橫渡英吉利海(hai)峽，歷時(shi)(shi)21小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)45分。19世紀(ji)初蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種在(zai)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被采(cai)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)姿(zi)式。但由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)速度(du)慢，在(zai)比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)相繼(ji)又(you)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)了側(ce)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、采(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)越(yue)來越(yue)少。直(zhi)到(dao)1904年第(di)3屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)時(shi)(shi)才把(ba)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與(yu)其他姿(zi)式分開(kai)(kai)。1924～1936年期間(jian)，蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)革新(xin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)結(jie)束后(hou)(hou)(hou)兩臂(bei)(bei)(bei)不再從(cong)(cong)(cong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)移，改為(wei)由空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移臂(bei)(bei)(bei)但仍采(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)蹬(deng)夾腿(tui)(tui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)了蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)——蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。1936年國(guo)(guo)際(ji)業余游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯合會(hui)對(dui)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規(gui)則作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)了補充，允許(xu)在(zai)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)取(qu)代了蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。在(zai)1948年第(di)14屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，200米(mi)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)決賽(sai)只有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。而(er)1952年第(di)15屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，全(quan)部(bu)(bu)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)都采(cai)用(yong)(yong)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)業余游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯合會(hui)決定將(jiang)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)從(cong)(cong)(cong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)項目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分出(chu)(chu)(chu)來。從(cong)(cong)(cong)1956年第(di)16屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)起(qi)將(jiang)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)列為(wei)正(zheng)式比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)項目(mu)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)規(gui)則還允許(xu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)潛(qian)游(you),由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下游(you)進(jin)不受波(bo)浪阻(zu)力影響，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平姿(zi)式好，阻(zu)力小(xiao)，速度(du)比(bi)(bi)(bi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)1956年第(di)16屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)，幾乎所(suo)有(you)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)都以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)長劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)潛(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)參(can)加比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)。日本運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)古川勝(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)2′34″7的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)績創造200米(mi)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)世界(jie)紀(ji)錄(lu)。第(di)16屆(jie)(jie)奧(ao)(ao)運(yun)會(hui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)業余游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯合會(hui)重(zhong)新(xin)修改了蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規(gui)則，取(qu)消潛(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，只允許(xu)在(zai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)發(fa)和(he)轉身(shen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)做一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次長劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)潛(qian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)每個動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)都要(yao)露出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)又(you)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)恢復發(fa)展，并(bing)重(zhong)新(xin)規(gui)定了蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)世界(jie)紀(ji)錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標準。如(ru)男子100米(mi)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)為(wei)1′13″0。1957年中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)戚烈云以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)1′11″7的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)績首(shou)先打(da)破(po)了該(gai)紀(ji)錄(lu)。從(cong)(cong)(cong)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)又(you)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)了寬(kuan)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)和(he)窄劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。1.泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)滑翔姿(zi)勢(shi)，身(shen)體(ti)接近水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平。頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)約(yue)80%沉(chen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，臉微微向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)伸展，掌(zhang)心向(xiang)(xiang)著(zhu)斜外側(ce)。2.捉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下約(yue)7~9寸處開(kai)(kai)始，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)側(ce)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，在(zai)這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)始呼氣(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。3.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)沒(mei)有(you)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)屈曲(qu)，繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)向(xiang)(xiang)外側(ce)，呼氣(qi)(qi)繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)增(zeng)加。4.當(dang)(dang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai)始微微向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)，肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)開(kai)(kai)始屈曲(qu)，上(shang)(shang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)開(kai)(kai)始旋轉。5.當(dang)(dang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)到(dao)達最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)度(du)，肘(zhou)(zhou)屈約(yue)110度(du)，這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)高肘(zhou)(zhou)姿(zi)勢(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)。6.頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)上(shang)(shang)抬，當(dang)(dang)嘴部(bu)(bu)露出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)，最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)呼氣(qi)(qi)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng).雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手開(kai)(kai)始向(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。7.當(dang)(dang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)準備向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，吸(xi)氣(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)始，肘(zhou)(zhou)部(bu)(bu)不要(yao)拉到(dao)肋骨下，膝關(guan)節(jie)開(kai)(kai)始屈曲(qu)，回腿(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)(kai)始。8.嘴部(bu)(bu)閉(bi)上(shang)(shang)，吸(xi)氣(qi)(qi)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足被帶(dai)向(xiang)(xiang)臀(tun)部(bu)(bu)，肘(zhou)(zhou)關(guan)節(jie)繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)伸展，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)。9.回腿(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)進(jin)行。10.頸部(bu)(bu)屈曲(qu)，頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)向(xiang)(xiang)下傾(qing)斜。雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足背屈，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)開(kai)(kai)始向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，推(tui)(tui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)回手動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。11.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)足推(tui)(tui)向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)并(bing)開(kai)(kai)始并(bing)攏。泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)閉(bi)氣(qi)(qi)，直(zhi)至另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)(kai)始。12.雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)完(wan)(wan)全(quan)伸展，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)手稍低于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)肩膊水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平，雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)腿(tui)(tui)蹬(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)接近完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)。當(dang)(dang)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)蹬(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，并(bing)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)使身(shen)體(ti)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)線。他將(jiang)保持這(zhe)滑翔姿(zi)勢(shi)短暫的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)當(dang)(dang)他感覺速度(du)減(jian)慢，另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)循環開(kai)(kai)始。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)介(jie)紹：蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)演(yan)變而(er)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)。當(dang)(dang)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)展到(dao)第(di)二階段時(shi)(shi)，也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)1937-1952年這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)期，在(zai)游(you)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)些運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)兩臂(bei)(bei)(bei)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)到(dao)大(da)腿(tui)(tui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)提出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)，再從(cong)(cong)(cong)空中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遷移的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)外形(xing)(xing)看(kan)，好像蝴蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)展翅飛舞，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)們稱它為(wei)“蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。1953年，國(guo)(guo)際(ji)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯規(gui)定，蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分開(kai)(kai)進(jin)行比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)，使蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)了一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)獨立的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)項目(mu)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)而(er)得(de)到(dao)了很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)僅(jin)僅(jin)比(bi)(bi)(bi)爬(pa)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)慢的(de)(de)(de)(de)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)腿(tui)(tui)部(bu)(bu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)酷(ku)似海(hai)豚(tun)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)又(you)稱為(wei)“海(hai)豚(tun)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)體(ti)姿(zi)勢(shi)與(yu)其它泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姿(zi)不同，它沒(mei)有(you)固定的(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)體(ti)位(wei)置。在(zai)游(you)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軀(qu)干(gan)各部(bu)(bu)分和(he)頭(tou)不斷改變彼(bi)此(ci)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相對(dui)位(wei)置。頭(tou)和(he)軀(qu)干(gan)有(you)時(shi)(shi)露出(chu)(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)、有(you)時(shi)(shi)潛(qian)入水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)波(bo)浪形(xing)(xing)式上(shang)(shang)下起(qi)伏的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化位(wei)置。蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)游(you)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)橫軸（腰(yao)(yao)際(ji)）為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，軀(qu)干(gan)和(he)腿(tui)(tui)做有(you)節(jie)奏的(de)(de)(de)(de)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)，發(fa)力點(dian)在(zai)腰(yao)(yao)腹部(bu)(bu)。然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)腿(tui)(tui)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)小(xiao)腿(tui)(tui)，兩腿(tui)(tui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)做上(shang)(shang)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)鞭狀打(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。而(er)這(zhe)些動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)與(yu)頭(tou)和(he)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)緊密聯系(xi)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)蝶(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)所(suo)特(te)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)浪動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，因(yin)此(ci)前(qian)(qian)進(jin)時(shi)(shi)身(shen)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)力較小(xiao)。
亞歷山(shan)大(da)·斯(si)塔帕(pa)諾維奇(qi)·波波夫（Александр Степанович Попов1859年3月16日–1906年1月13日）是俄國物理學家和電氣(qi)工程師(shi)，是研究電磁(ci)波的(de)先驅。
波波夫出生(sheng)于烏拉爾(er)山區的一個(ge)小村莊，父親是一位(wei)神父，1877年進入彼得堡大學學習(xi)，1892年畢業后留校在實驗(yan)室工作，1893年到俄國海軍喀瑯(lang)施塔(ta)得魚雷(lei)學校任教(jiao)。
波(bo)波(bo)夫于1894年(nian)發明(ming)了(le)(le)第一(yi)架無(wu)線電(dian)(dian)接收(shou)(shou)器(qi)，一(yi)個(ge)金屬檢波(bo)器(qi)，1895年(nian)改進(jin)成接收(shou)(shou)閃電(dian)(dian)發出的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁波(bo)裝(zhuang)置，同(tong)年(nian)5月7日他在(zai)(zai)俄羅斯物理(li)(li)和化學(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)會(hui)演示了(le)(le)他的(de)(de)(de)(de)接收(shou)(shou)裝(zhuang)置，這(zhe)一(yi)天(tian)后來被俄羅斯定為(wei)“無(wu)線電(dian)(dian)日”慶祝。7月將這(zhe)個(ge)裝(zhuang)置安裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)圣彼(bi)(bi)得堡林學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣象站中(zhong)，幾個(ge)月后發表了(le)(le)一(yi)篇論文說(shuo)明(ming)這(zhe)種裝(zhuang)置可以接收(shou)(shou)人工震(zhen)蕩源的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號。1896年(nian)3月在(zai)(zai)彼(bi)(bi)得堡物理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)年(nian)會(hui)時，在(zai)(zai)彼(bi)(bi)得堡大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)座(zuo)建筑物之(zhi)間進(jin)行了(le)(le)發送和接收(shou)(shou)電(dian)(dian)磁波(bo)信(xin)號的(de)(de)(de)(de)實驗，這(zhe)比(bi)意大(da)利物理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)家馬可尼于1896年(nian)6月取得專利的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置要早。
1898年(nian)他和俄國(guo)海軍(jun)一起進行了(le)(le)10千(qian)米(mi)距離的(de)海岸和軍(jun)艦之間的(de)通(tong)信(xin)實驗(yan)，1899年(nian)實現了(le)(le)50千(qian)米(mi)通(tong)信(xin)。但由于馬(ma)可尼(ni)先取得了(le)(le)專利，國(guo)際上一般認為是(shi)馬(ma)可尼(ni)發(fa)明的(de)無(wu)線(xian)電通(tong)信(xin)，可是(shi)俄羅斯人一致尊波(bo)波(bo)夫為無(wu)線(xian)電發(fa)明人。
1900年(nian)俄國海(hai)軍在波(bo)波(bo)夫的(de)指(zhi)導(dao)下在波(bo)羅的(de)海(hai)中的(de)高戈(ge)蘭島(dao)設立了(le)無(wu)線電站，和芬(fen)(fen)蘭沿(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)市(shi)科特卡之間實(shi)現了(le)無(wu)線電通訊。（當(dang)時芬(fen)(fen)蘭屬(shu)于沙皇(huang)俄國），2月5日發出(chu)第(di)一(yi)條信(xin)息(xi)，到了(le)4月份，破冰船愛爾(er)馬(ma)克號前往高戈(ge)蘭島(dao)解(jie)救被冰困住的(de)戰艦，同時解(jie)救出(chu)50名芬(fen)(fen)蘭漁民，無(wu)線電站已經成(cheng)功地發送了(le)440條信(xin)息(xi)，這時馬(ma)可尼剛開始(shi)第(di)一(yi)次通信(xin)實(shi)驗。
1901年(nian)波(bo)波(bo)夫被(bei)任命為電技術研究所的教授，1905年(nian)被(bei)選為研究所所長，年(nian)底(di)健康狀況(kuang)惡化，翌年(nian)初即死于(yu)腦溢血。
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