臥龍(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于福建(jian)(jian)長汀(ting)(ting)縣城北(bei)(bei)。《古(gu)今圖書集成·州(zhou)府山(shan)(shan)(shan)川考(kao)》載:“環(huan)城四面皆平田(tian),就中突起一山(shan)(shan)(shan),不(bu)與群山(shan)(shan)(shan)相(xiang)屬,如(ru)龍(long)盤屈而臥,故名(ming)。又名(ming)九龍(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan),亦(yi)名(ming)無境山(shan)(shan)(shan)”。自宋(song)以來即為汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)名(ming)勝(sheng),曾被(bei)稱(cheng)為汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)八(ba)景(jing)之首。山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)有北(bei)(bei)極樓、金(jin)沙(sha)寺(si)、千松(song)亭、風(feng)香亭、新(xin)樂亭等名(ming)勝(sheng)。尤以建(jian)(jian)于宋(song)代的(de)(de)金(jin)沙(sha)寺(si)較完整地體現了我國名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)的(de)(de)寺(si)觀建(jian)(jian)筑藝術。 登上(shang)金(jin)沙(sha)寺(si)俯覽長汀(ting)(ting)城內,名(ming)勝(sheng)古(gu)跡,東三盡收眼底。
北極樓(lou)(lou),又名玄武樓(lou)(lou),始建(jian)于(yu)明代,清康(kang)熙三十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1691年(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)建(jian)。坐北朝南,土木結構(gou)(gou),由門樓(lou)(lou)、經樓(lou)(lou)、正(zheng)殿組(zu)成。占地2000平方米,正(zheng)殿面(mian)闊3間,進深3間,單檐2層(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)閣,臺梁式木構(gou)(gou)架,樓(lou)(lou)下左側(ce)墻上嵌有(you)清康(kang)熙三十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)重(zhong)建(jian)北極樓(lou)(lou)碑記一方。
周邊公交信息:長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)1路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)2路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)3路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)6路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)7路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)8路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)9路(lu)(lu)
臥(wo)(wo)龍山(shan)位(wei)于長汀城(cheng)北(bei),又(you)叫(jiao)北(bei)山(shan)。長汀縣城(cheng)的環(huan)(huan)城(cheng)環(huan)(huan)繞臥(wo)(wo)龍山(shan)一(yi)圈,臥(wo)(wo)龍山(shan)是長汀城(cheng)中心。自宋(song)以(yi)來即為汀州(zhou)名(ming)(ming)勝,曾被稱為汀州(zhou)八(ba)景之首。因“四面平田,一(yi)山(shan)突起,不與群峰相屬,如龍盤屈(qu)而(er)臥(wo)(wo),中分九(jiu)支”,故名(ming)(ming)“臥(wo)(wo)龍”,又(you)叫(jiao)“九(jiu)龍天境”。山(shan)上有北(bei)極樓、金沙(sha)寺、千松亭、風香亭、新樂亭等名(ming)(ming)勝。
唐代(dai)古城墻從山(shan)(shan)頂向東西兩(liang)邊各自蜿蜒而(er)下,使(shi)城半壁高(gao)掛山(shan)(shan)巔(dian),婀娜多姿(zi),匯合于汀江之(zhi)濱,故有(you)“觀音掛珠”之(zhi)說。山(shan)(shan)后峭壁矗立,陡不可上。宋時在(zai)山(shan)(shan)巔(dian)又建金沙(sha)寺,明代(dai)崇禎(zhen)年間知府唐世涵重(zhong)(zhong)建北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou),又名玄(xuan)武樓(lou)(lou)(lou),還塑呂洞賓(bin)像以祀之(zhi)。清代(dai)康(kang)熙、道光年間皆有(you)修葺(qi)。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內尚存《重(zhong)(zhong)建北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou)碑記》,碑頭刻(ke)有(you)雙(shuang)龍(long)戲珠圖紋。北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內還有(you)“雄(xiong)鎮閩西”四字(zi)大匾(bian)額。徐(xu)曰都(dou)詩(shi)云:“無境山(shan)(shan)高(gao)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)更高(gao),虎頭回望白云遙(yao),金沙(sha)萬戶春風早,綠松清江曉放橈(rao)。”民國(guo)二十四年又進行維修,布局由門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、藏經(jing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、正殿組成(cheng),占地(di)面積2000平方米(mi)。1978年,新(xin)建廟門(men),在(zai)藏經(jing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)重(zhong)(zhong)塑十八羅(luo)漢。臥龍(long)山(shan)(shan)在(zai)歷代(dai)中得到人們的保(bao)護,山(shan)(shan)上芳草萋(qi)萋(qi),樹木蔥蘢(long),宛如翡翠玉屏。
臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)山四(si)周有石徑直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)通山頂,而(er)從橫崗嶺南麓登(deng)巔更為便捷。拾(shi)階(jie)而(er)上,目不暇接,只(zhi)見山花吐艷,青枝(zhi)蔥蘢,龍(long)鱗古松,挺拔直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立(li),山風過處,松濤陣陣。 東(dong)邊建有“東(dong)翹舒(shu)(shu)嘯”烽火臺,巍然屹立(li)于(yu)臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)山東(dong)側(ce)嶺頭(tou)。沿襲清代汀州知府王廷(ting)倫重建時取(qu)晉陶淵明“登(deng)東(dong)皋(gao)而(er)舒(shu)(shu)嘯”之(zhi)意,題額為“東(dong)翹舒(shu)(shu)嘯”之(zhi)原名。城墻(qiang)一直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)修到東(dong)城墻(qiang)的(de)張宅后門(men),長(chang)游覽(lan)者登(deng)上山頂,停步歇息,讀古詩詞,品(pin)味無窮(qiong)。 登(deng)上臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)山巔,放眼四(si)望,山如龍(long)盤曲(qu)而(er)臥(wo)(wo)于(yu)汀江(jiang)畔,一頭(tou)扎在(zai)河岸邊,匍匐著(zhu)喝汀江(jiang)水(shui)。四(si)面群山環拱似向臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)作(zuo)揖行(xing)禮。氣勢雄偉,蒼松直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聳云(yun)端(duan),每當雨過天(tian)晴,白云(yun)繚繞,蔚為奇(qi)觀,故(gu)有“龍(long)山白云(yun)”之(zhi)美稱(cheng)。宋(song)代汀郡太(tai)守(shou)郭祥正贊曰:“臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)勝事堪圖畫,迥壓閩南七(qi)八(ba)州”。
臥龍山(shan)東麓還有(you)一(yi)(yi)處令人(ren)陶醉的(de)風景,穿過東門后(hou)街背(bei),沿一(yi)(yi)山(shan)谷(gu)拾級而上(shang),可見兩山(shan)合抱,郁郁蔥蔥,耳邊鳥聲婉轉,松濤陣陣,其(qi)境清幽宜人(ren)。行至(zhi)半山(shan),濃陰(yin)處飛出屋檐翹角,這就是(shi)斗母閣。斗母閣始建于明(ming)代(dai)(dai)初年(nian),盛于萬(wan)歷年(nian)間,明(ming)清兩代(dai)(dai)均三(san)座(zuo)廟有(you)修葺,但至(zhi)上(shang)世紀四十(shi)年(nian)代(dai)(dai)圮(pi)塌(ta),僅存(cun)灶君(jun)廟。上(shang)世紀八十(shi)年(nian)代(dai)(dai)后(hou)人(ren)們捐資重(zhong)建,今有(you)灶君(jun)廟、如是(shi)庵、觀(guan)音寺(si)等宇,觀(guan)音寺(si)壯麗,塑有(you)金碧輝煌的(de)千(qian)手觀(guan)音,后(hou)殿是(shi)寬敞雄(xiong)偉的(de)大雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿。現在游人(ren)常往(wang),絡繹不絕。