臥龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于(yu)福(fu)建長汀(ting)(ting)(ting)縣城北。《古(gu)今圖書(shu)集(ji)成(cheng)·州(zhou)(zhou)府(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)川考(kao)》載:“環城四(si)面皆平田,就中突(tu)起一山(shan)(shan)(shan),不與群(qun)山(shan)(shan)(shan)相屬,如(ru)龍盤屈而臥,故名(ming)(ming)。又名(ming)(ming)九龍山(shan)(shan)(shan),亦(yi)名(ming)(ming)無境山(shan)(shan)(shan)”。自宋以來即為汀(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)名(ming)(ming)勝,曾被稱(cheng)為汀(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)八(ba)景(jing)(jing)之(zhi)首(shou)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)上有(you)北極樓、金沙寺(si)、千松亭(ting)、風(feng)(feng)香亭(ting)、新樂亭(ting)等(deng)名(ming)(ming)勝。尤以建于(yu)宋代的(de)金沙寺(si)較完(wan)整地體現了我(wo)國名(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)(jing)區的(de)寺(si)觀(guan)建筑藝術(shu)。 登上金沙寺(si)俯覽(lan)長汀(ting)(ting)(ting)城內,名(ming)(ming)勝古(gu)跡,東三(san)盡收眼底。
北極(ji)樓(lou),又名(ming)玄(xuan)武樓(lou),始建于明(ming)代,清(qing)康(kang)熙(xi)三(san)十年(1691年)重建。坐北朝南,土木結構(gou)(gou),由門樓(lou)、經樓(lou)、正殿組成(cheng)。占地2000平(ping)方(fang)米,正殿面闊3間,進深3間,單檐2層樓(lou)閣,臺(tai)梁式木構(gou)(gou)架,樓(lou)下左(zuo)側墻上嵌有清(qing)康(kang)熙(xi)三(san)十年重建北極(ji)樓(lou)碑(bei)記(ji)一方(fang)。
周(zhou)邊公交信息:長(chang)汀1路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀2路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀3路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀6路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀7路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀8路(lu)(lu)、長(chang)汀9路(lu)(lu)
臥(wo)龍(long)山位(wei)于長(chang)(chang)汀城(cheng)北,又叫北山。長(chang)(chang)汀縣(xian)城(cheng)的環城(cheng)環繞臥(wo)龍(long)山一圈(quan),臥(wo)龍(long)山是長(chang)(chang)汀城(cheng)中心(xin)。自(zi)宋以(yi)來即為汀州名勝,曾被(bei)稱為汀州八景之首。因“四面平田,一山突起,不與群峰相屬(shu),如(ru)龍(long)盤屈而(er)臥(wo),中分九支”,故(gu)名“臥(wo)龍(long)”,又叫“九龍(long)天(tian)境”。山上有北極樓、金沙寺(si)、千(qian)松亭、風香亭、新樂亭等名勝。
唐代(dai)(dai)古城墻從山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)向東(dong)西兩邊各自蜿蜒而(er)下,使(shi)城半(ban)壁(bi)高(gao)掛山(shan)(shan)巔,婀娜(na)多(duo)姿(zi),匯(hui)合于汀江之(zhi)濱,故有(you)“觀音掛珠(zhu)”之(zhi)說(shuo)。山(shan)(shan)后峭壁(bi)矗立,陡不可上。宋時在(zai)山(shan)(shan)巔又建金沙(sha)(sha)寺,明代(dai)(dai)崇禎年(nian)間知府(fu)唐世(shi)涵重建北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou),又名(ming)玄武樓(lou)(lou)(lou),還塑(su)呂(lv)洞賓(bin)像以(yi)祀之(zhi)。清代(dai)(dai)康(kang)熙、道光(guang)年(nian)間皆(jie)有(you)修葺。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內(nei)尚(shang)存《重建北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou)碑記》,碑頭(tou)刻有(you)雙(shuang)龍戲珠(zhu)圖紋。北極樓(lou)(lou)(lou)內(nei)還有(you)“雄(xiong)鎮閩(min)西”四字大匾額。徐(xu)曰(yue)都詩(shi)云(yun):“無境(jing)山(shan)(shan)高(gao)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)更高(gao),虎(hu)頭(tou)回望白云(yun)遙,金沙(sha)(sha)萬戶春風早,綠松清江曉放橈。”民國(guo)二十四年(nian)又進(jin)行(xing)維修,布局由(you)門(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、藏經(jing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、正殿組成,占地面積2000平方(fang)米。1978年(nian),新建廟門(men),在(zai)藏經(jing)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)重塑(su)十八(ba)羅漢。臥龍山(shan)(shan)在(zai)歷代(dai)(dai)中得(de)到人(ren)們的保護,山(shan)(shan)上芳草(cao)萋(qi)萋(qi),樹木蔥蘢,宛如翡翠玉屏。
臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)山(shan)(shan)四(si)周有石(shi)徑直(zhi)通(tong)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),而(er)從橫(heng)崗嶺南麓登(deng)(deng)巔更為(wei)便捷。拾階而(er)上(shang),目(mu)不暇接,只(zhi)見山(shan)(shan)花吐艷,青枝蔥(cong)蘢,龍(long)鱗古(gu)松(song),挺拔直(zhi)立(li),山(shan)(shan)風(feng)過處,松(song)濤陣陣。 東(dong)邊(bian)建有“東(dong)翹舒嘯(xiao)(xiao)”烽火(huo)臺(tai),巍然屹(yi)立(li)于臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)側嶺頭。沿(yan)襲清代汀州知府王廷倫(lun)重(zhong)建時取晉陶淵明“登(deng)(deng)東(dong)皋而(er)舒嘯(xiao)(xiao)”之意(yi),題額(e)為(wei)“東(dong)翹舒嘯(xiao)(xiao)”之原名。城墻(qiang)一(yi)直(zhi)修到東(dong)城墻(qiang)的張宅后門,長游覽者登(deng)(deng)上(shang)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),停(ting)步歇息,讀古(gu)詩詞,品味無(wu)窮。 登(deng)(deng)上(shang)臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)山(shan)(shan)巔,放眼四(si)望,山(shan)(shan)如龍(long)盤曲而(er)臥(wo)(wo)于汀江畔,一(yi)頭扎(zha)在河岸邊(bian),匍匐著(zhu)喝汀江水。四(si)面(mian)群(qun)山(shan)(shan)環(huan)拱(gong)似(si)向(xiang)臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)作揖行(xing)禮。氣勢雄偉,蒼松(song)直(zhi)聳云(yun)端,每當雨過天晴,白云(yun)繚繞,蔚為(wei)奇觀,故有“龍(long)山(shan)(shan)白云(yun)”之美稱。宋(song)代汀郡太守郭(guo)祥正贊(zan)曰(yue):“臥(wo)(wo)龍(long)勝事堪圖畫,迥(jiong)壓閩南七八州”。
臥龍山(shan)(shan)東麓還有(you)一(yi)處(chu)令人(ren)陶醉的風景,穿過東門后(hou)街背,沿一(yi)山(shan)(shan)谷拾級而上(shang),可見兩山(shan)(shan)合抱,郁郁蔥(cong)蔥(cong),耳(er)邊鳥聲(sheng)婉轉(zhuan),松(song)濤陣陣,其境(jing)清幽宜(yi)人(ren)。行(xing)至半山(shan)(shan),濃(nong)陰處(chu)飛出屋(wu)檐翹角,這就是斗(dou)母閣。斗(dou)母閣始建于明(ming)代(dai)初年(nian),盛于萬歷年(nian)間,明(ming)清兩代(dai)均三座廟(miao)有(you)修葺,但至上(shang)世紀四十年(nian)代(dai)圮塌,僅存灶君廟(miao)。上(shang)世紀八十年(nian)代(dai)后(hou)人(ren)們捐資(zi)重(zhong)建,今(jin)有(you)灶君廟(miao)、如是庵、觀音寺等宇,觀音寺壯麗(li),塑有(you)金碧輝煌的千手觀音,后(hou)殿(dian)是寬(kuan)敞雄偉的大(da)雄寶殿(dian)。現在游人(ren)常(chang)往,絡繹不絕。