臥(wo)龍山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于(yu)(yu)福建(jian)長汀(ting)縣城北。《古今圖書(shu)集成·州(zhou)府(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)川考》載:“環城四面皆平(ping)田,就中(zhong)突起一(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan),不(bu)與群山(shan)(shan)(shan)相屬,如龍盤(pan)屈而臥(wo),故名。又名九龍山(shan)(shan)(shan),亦名無(wu)境山(shan)(shan)(shan)”。自宋以來即為(wei)汀(ting)州(zhou)名勝,曾被稱(cheng)為(wei)汀(ting)州(zhou)八景之首。山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)有(you)北極樓、金(jin)(jin)沙(sha)寺(si)、千松亭(ting)(ting)(ting)、風(feng)香(xiang)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)、新樂亭(ting)(ting)(ting)等名勝。尤(you)以建(jian)于(yu)(yu)宋代的金(jin)(jin)沙(sha)寺(si)較完整地體現了我國(guo)名山(shan)(shan)(shan)風(feng)景區(qu)的寺(si)觀(guan)建(jian)筑藝術。 登(deng)上(shang)金(jin)(jin)沙(sha)寺(si)俯(fu)覽長汀(ting)城內,名勝古跡,東三盡收眼底。
北極樓,又名玄武樓,始建(jian)于明代,清康熙(xi)(xi)三(san)十(shi)年(1691年)重建(jian)。坐北朝(chao)南(nan),土木(mu)結構,由門樓、經樓、正殿組成。占地2000平方米,正殿面闊3間,進深3間,單(dan)檐2層樓閣,臺梁式木(mu)構架,樓下(xia)左側墻(qiang)上嵌有清康熙(xi)(xi)三(san)十(shi)年重建(jian)北極樓碑記(ji)一方。
周邊公交信息:長(chang)汀(ting)(ting)1路(lu)、長(chang)汀(ting)(ting)2路(lu)、長(chang)汀(ting)(ting)3路(lu)、長(chang)汀(ting)(ting)6路(lu)、長(chang)汀(ting)(ting)7路(lu)、長(chang)汀(ting)(ting)8路(lu)、長(chang)汀(ting)(ting)9路(lu)
臥(wo)龍山位于長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)(ting)城(cheng)北(bei),又(you)叫北(bei)山。長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)(ting)縣城(cheng)的環城(cheng)環繞臥(wo)龍山一(yi)(yi)圈,臥(wo)龍山是長(chang)(chang)汀(ting)(ting)城(cheng)中(zhong)心。自宋以(yi)來即為(wei)汀(ting)(ting)州名(ming)勝,曾(ceng)被稱為(wei)汀(ting)(ting)州八(ba)景之(zhi)首(shou)。因(yin)“四(si)面平田,一(yi)(yi)山突起,不與群(qun)峰相(xiang)屬,如龍盤屈而臥(wo),中(zhong)分九支(zhi)”,故名(ming)“臥(wo)龍”,又(you)叫“九龍天(tian)境(jing)”。山上(shang)有北(bei)極樓、金(jin)沙寺、千松亭、風香亭、新樂亭等名(ming)勝。
唐(tang)代(dai)古城墻從山(shan)頂(ding)向(xiang)東西兩邊各自蜿蜒而(er)下,使城半(ban)壁高掛山(shan)巔,婀娜多(duo)姿,匯(hui)合于汀江之(zhi)濱,故(gu)有“觀音掛珠”之(zhi)說。山(shan)后峭壁矗(chu)立,陡不可上(shang)。宋時在山(shan)巔又建(jian)金沙(sha)寺,明代(dai)崇禎年間知府唐(tang)世(shi)涵重(zhong)建(jian)北(bei)極樓(lou)(lou),又名玄(xuan)武樓(lou)(lou),還(huan)塑呂(lv)洞賓像以祀之(zhi)。清代(dai)康熙、道光年間皆(jie)有修葺。樓(lou)(lou)內尚存《重(zhong)建(jian)北(bei)極樓(lou)(lou)碑(bei)(bei)記》,碑(bei)(bei)頭刻有雙龍(long)戲珠圖紋。北(bei)極樓(lou)(lou)內還(huan)有“雄鎮(zhen)閩西”四字(zi)大匾額。徐曰都詩云:“無境山(shan)高樓(lou)(lou)更(geng)高,虎頭回望白云遙(yao),金沙(sha)萬戶春(chun)風早,綠松清江曉(xiao)放橈。”民國二十(shi)四年又進行維修,布局由門樓(lou)(lou)、藏(zang)經樓(lou)(lou)、正殿(dian)組成(cheng),占地面積2000平方米。1978年,新建(jian)廟門,在藏(zang)經樓(lou)(lou)重(zhong)塑十(shi)八羅漢。臥龍(long)山(shan)在歷(li)代(dai)中得(de)到人們的保(bao)護,山(shan)上(shang)芳草(cao)萋萋,樹(shu)木蔥蘢,宛如(ru)翡翠玉(yu)屏(ping)。
臥(wo)龍(long)(long)山(shan)四(si)(si)周有石徑直(zhi)通山(shan)頂,而從橫崗嶺(ling)(ling)南麓(lu)登巔更為便(bian)捷。拾階而上(shang),目不暇接,只見山(shan)花吐艷,青枝(zhi)蔥蘢,龍(long)(long)鱗(lin)古松,挺拔直(zhi)立(li),山(shan)風過(guo)處,松濤陣陣。 東(dong)邊(bian)(bian)建有“東(dong)翹舒嘯(xiao)”烽火(huo)臺,巍然屹立(li)于(yu)臥(wo)龍(long)(long)山(shan)東(dong)側(ce)嶺(ling)(ling)頭。沿襲清代汀(ting)(ting)州知府王廷倫重建時取晉陶淵明“登東(dong)皋而舒嘯(xiao)”之(zhi)(zhi)意,題額為“東(dong)翹舒嘯(xiao)”之(zhi)(zhi)原名。城墻一直(zhi)修(xiu)到東(dong)城墻的張(zhang)宅后(hou)門,長(chang)游覽者(zhe)登上(shang)山(shan)頂,停步歇(xie)息,讀(du)古詩(shi)詞(ci),品(pin)味無(wu)窮。 登上(shang)臥(wo)龍(long)(long)山(shan)巔,放(fang)眼四(si)(si)望,山(shan)如龍(long)(long)盤(pan)曲而臥(wo)于(yu)汀(ting)(ting)江(jiang)畔,一頭扎在河(he)岸邊(bian)(bian),匍匐著喝汀(ting)(ting)江(jiang)水。四(si)(si)面群山(shan)環拱似(si)向臥(wo)龍(long)(long)作揖(yi)行(xing)禮(li)。氣勢雄(xiong)偉,蒼松直(zhi)聳云端,每當雨(yu)過(guo)天晴(qing),白云繚(liao)繞(rao),蔚為奇觀,故有“龍(long)(long)山(shan)白云”之(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)稱。宋代汀(ting)(ting)郡太守郭祥正贊(zan)曰:“臥(wo)龍(long)(long)勝事(shi)堪圖畫,迥(jiong)壓閩南七八州”。
臥龍(long)山(shan)東(dong)麓還有一處(chu)令(ling)人(ren)陶醉的風景,穿過東(dong)門后(hou)街背,沿(yan)一山(shan)谷拾級(ji)而上(shang)(shang),可(ke)見兩(liang)(liang)山(shan)合抱,郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥(cong)蔥(cong),耳邊鳥聲婉(wan)轉,松濤陣陣,其境清(qing)幽宜(yi)人(ren)。行(xing)至半山(shan),濃陰處(chu)飛出屋檐翹角,這就是(shi)斗(dou)母(mu)閣(ge)。斗(dou)母(mu)閣(ge)始建(jian)(jian)于明(ming)(ming)代(dai)初年(nian)(nian),盛(sheng)于萬(wan)歷年(nian)(nian)間,明(ming)(ming)清(qing)兩(liang)(liang)代(dai)均(jun)三座廟有修葺(qi),但至上(shang)(shang)世紀四(si)十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)圮塌,僅存灶(zao)君廟。上(shang)(shang)世紀八十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)后(hou)人(ren)們捐資重(zhong)建(jian)(jian),今有灶(zao)君廟、如(ru)是(shi)庵、觀音(yin)寺等(deng)宇(yu),觀音(yin)寺壯麗,塑有金碧輝煌的千手觀音(yin),后(hou)殿是(shi)寬敞(chang)雄偉的大雄寶殿。現在(zai)游人(ren)常往,絡繹(yi)不絕。