短(duan)(duan)(duan)命(ming)(ming)菊(ju)(ju)(The short-lived Chrysanthemum)是(shi)世界上生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)周期最短(duan)(duan)(duan)的植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)之一,它(ta)的壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)還不(bu)(bu)到一個月。這種(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)習性(xing)是(shi)它(ta)適應(ying)特殊(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)存環境(jing)的結果。短(duan)(duan)(duan)命(ming)(ming)菊(ju)(ju)又叫"齒子(zi)草",是(shi)菊(ju)(ju)科(ke)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu),生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)在非洲撒哈拉(la)大沙漠中。那里(li)長(chang)期干旱,很少降雨。許多沙漠植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)都(dou)有(you)退化的葉片、保(bao)存水(shui)分的本領來適應(ying)干旱環境(jing)。短(duan)(duan)(duan)命(ming)(ming)菊(ju)(ju)卻與(yu)眾(zhong)不(bu)(bu)同,它(ta)形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)迅速(su)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)和成(cheng)(cheng)熟的特殊(shu)習性(xing)。只要沙漠里(li)稍微降了(le)一點雨,地(di)面稍稍有(you)點濕潤,它(ta)就立刻發芽,生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)開花。整個一生(sheng)(sheng)的生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)(ming)周期,只有(you)短(duan)(duan)(duan)短(duan)(duan)(duan)的三四(si)個星期。
它(ta)(ta)的舌(she)狀花排列(lie)在頭(tou)狀花序周圍,像鋸齒一樣。有趣(qu)的是,短(duan)命菊(ju)的花對濕度極其(qi)敏感,空氣干燥(zao)時就趕快閉合起來(lai);稍稍濕潤時就迅(xun)速開(kai)放,快速結果(guo)。果(guo)實熟了,縮成球形,隨風飄(piao)滾(gun),傳(chuan)播他鄉,繁衍(yan)后代(dai)。由于(yu)它(ta)(ta)生命短(duan)促,來(lai)去匆匆,所以才得(de)“短(duan)命菊(ju)”之名。