馬洪(hong)1920年5月出生于山西定襄待(dai)陽村。原名牛(niu)仁權,曾用名牛(niu)黃(huang)(huang)、牛(niu)中(zhong)黃(huang)(huang);在(zai)延安時,為(wei)準(zhun)備(bei)派往外地做秘密工作(zuo)的(de)(de)需要,由當(dang)時的(de)(de)中(zhong)央(yang)組織部部長陳云為(wei)他把牛(niu)黃(huang)(huang)的(de)(de)名字改為(wei)馬洪(hong)。
1936年加(jia)入(ru)黨(dang)所(suo)領導的犧盟會(hui),1937年參加(jia)了(le)同(tong)蒲鐵路(lu)總(zong)工(gong)會(hui)的籌(chou)建(jian)并被推薦為同(tong)蒲鐵路(lu)總(zong)工(gong)會(hui)負責人之一,同(tong)年加(jia)入(ru)中(zhong)國共(gong)產黨(dang)。
1938年到延(yan)安(an),馬洪先(xian)后(hou)在中(zhong)央(yang)黨校和馬列(lie)學院(yuan)(后(hou)改名(ming)中(zhong)央(yang)研究(jiu)院(yuan))學習和工作(zuo)。
1941年擔任(ren)中央研(yan)(yan)究院政治研(yan)(yan)究室研(yan)(yan)究員、學術秘書。在(zai)延(yan)安期間(jian)還擔任(ren)過《共產黨人》雜(za)志的編輯。
抗日戰爭勝利(li)后(hou),馬洪從延安被派往東北,先在冀察熱遼的寧城(cheng)縣擔(dan)任(ren)澤區委書記,后(hou)又在中共中央東北局(ju)工作。
建國以后馬洪先后任東北(bei)局(ju)政策研(yan)究室主(zhu)任、東北(bei)局(ju)委員、副(fu)秘(mi)書長(chang),后調到中央,任國家計劃委員會(hui)委員兼(jian)秘(mi)書長(chang)。
“高饒事件”時被認為是高崗的“五虎上將”之一,下放北京(jing)市第一和第三建筑公司任(ren)副經理,后(hou)又調(diao)任(ren)國家經濟(ji)委員會政策研(yan)究室任(ren)負責(ze)人。
1965-1978年先后擔任化(hua)工部第(di)一設計(ji)(ji)院(yuan)(yuan)副(fu)院(yuan)(yuan)長(chang)、北京(jing)石油化(hua)工總廠設計(ji)(ji)院(yuan)(yuan)副(fu)院(yuan)(yuan)長(chang)、石化(hua)總廠基本建設指(zhi)揮部副(fu)總指(zhi)揮。
“文革”以后,馬洪于1978年受(shou)命(ming)創建中國社會科學院(yuan)工業經濟(ji)研(yan)究所(suo)(suo)并任所(suo)(suo)長。
1979年任中國社會科(ke)學(xue)院副(fu)院長。
1982年任中國(guo)社會科學院(yuan)院(yuan)長兼(jian)任國(guo)家機械委(wei)員會副(fu)主任、國(guo)務院(yuan)副(fu)秘書長。
1985年以后,擔(dan)任(ren)(ren)(ren)國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院經濟技術社會發展(zhan)研究(jiu)中心總(zong)干事,后改名為國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院發展(zhan)研究(jiu)中心,馬洪任(ren)(ren)(ren)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。
1993年以后,任國務(wu)院發(fa)展(zhan)研(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)心名譽(yu)主任。
1994年5月起任中(zhong)國政策科學研(yan)究會(hui)會(hui)長。
馬(ma)洪是中國綜合開發研究(jiu)院理事長(chang),中共第(di)十二屆中央候補委員,第(di)十三、十四(si)大代表,第(di)七(qi)屆全國人大常委、財經委員會副主(zhu)任委員。
馬洪是中國社會科學(xue)(xue)院研究(jiu)生院博士生導師,兼北京大學(xue)(xue)、清華大學(xue)(xue)、復旦大學(xue)(xue)、上海交大客座(zuo)教授。
1920年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)13日生于(yu)山西定襄,1936年(nian)(nian)來(lai)到(dao)(dao)太(tai)原(yuan)同(tong)蒲鐵路(lu)管理(li)局(ju),后參加犧(xi)盟會(hui)(hui)。1937年(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)加入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)。1938年(nian)(nian)入延安(an)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)列(lie)(lie)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)二班學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)。1939年(nian)(nian)畢業(ye)(ye)于(yu)延安(an)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)克思(si)列(lie)(lie)寧學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(后改(gai)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan))。曾(ceng)是(shi)同(tong)蒲鐵路(lu)總(zong)(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)負責人(ren)之一(yi)(yi),1940年(nian)(nian)冬(dong)任(ren)《共(gong)(gong)產黨(dang)(dang)(dang)人(ren)》雜志編輯、1941年(nian)(nian)以后擔任(ren)延安(an)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)政(zheng)治研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)室(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)員(yuan)(yuan)、學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術秘(mi)(mi)(mi)書(shu)(shu)、平泉縣縣長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、縣委(wei)(wei)(wei)書(shu)(shu)記、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央冀察熱遼分(fen)局(ju)秘(mi)(mi)(mi)書(shu)(shu)處處長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。1947年(nian)(nian)冬(dong)高崗(gang)(gang)代(dai)表中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央東北(bei)(bei)(bei)局(ju)到(dao)(dao)冀察熱遼視察工(gong)(gong)(gong)作時,發現了(le)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)洪(hong)的(de)(de)才干(gan)。建(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)后,1948年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央東北(bei)(bei)(bei)局(ju)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央政(zheng)策(ce)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)室(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任(ren)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央東北(bei)(bei)(bei)局(ju)委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)和副(fu)秘(mi)(mi)(mi)書(shu)(shu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)計(ji)劃委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)兼秘(mi)(mi)(mi)書(shu)(shu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)經(jing)委(wei)(wei)(wei)政(zheng)策(ce)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)室(shi)負責人(ren)。由(you)于(yu)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)成長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)離不(bu)開(kai)高崗(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)信任(ren)與(yu)提拔,因涉及“高(崗(gang)(gang))饒(漱石(shi))反黨(dang)(dang)(dang)集團”問(wen)(wen)題,所(suo)以最終成了(le)“五虎(hu)上(shang)將(jiang)”中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)員(yuan)(yuan),被(bei)撤銷了(le)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)職務(wu)。1954年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue),馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)洪(hong)被(bei)下放到(dao)(dao)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)市第三建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程公司(si)任(ren)副(fu)經(jing)理(li),主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)管財(cai)務(wu)和材料工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。1955年(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue),又(you)被(bei)調到(dao)(dao)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)第一(yi)(yi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)公司(si)任(ren)副(fu)經(jing)理(li)。雖然由(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)計(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)高官直(zhi)落到(dao)(dao)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)地,馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)洪(hong)與(yu)“五虎(hu)上(shang)將(jiang)”的(de)(de)其他(ta)(ta)人(ren)一(yi)(yi)樣,內(nei)心苦悶,痛苦憂傷(shang)。但(dan)一(yi)(yi)想到(dao)(dao)自己本來(lai)就(jiu)是(shi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren),掌(zhang)握的(de)(de)知識也都是(shi)來(lai)源于(yu)實踐,干(gan)脆就(jiu)從頭(tou)做起,再(zai)到(dao)(dao)實踐這個大課堂去(qu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi)吧。于(yu)是(shi),馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)洪(hong)在(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)地上(shang)摸爬滾打(da),努(nu)力(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習(xi),很快就(jiu)熟悉(xi)了(le)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)特(te)點,成為(wei)管理(li)方面的(de)(de)行(xing)家(jia)(jia)。他(ta)(ta)還針對(dui)(dui)當(dang)時建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)某(mou)些復古主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義傾向,寫了(le)題為(wei)《反對(dui)(dui)華而(er)不(bu)實》的(de)(de)批評文章(zhang)。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)洪(hong)的(de)(de)理(li)論才干(gan)并(bing)沒有隨著職務(wu)的(de)(de)下降而(er)被(bei)人(ren)們遺忘。1956年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue),馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)洪(hong)被(bei)調到(dao)(dao)新(xin)組建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)經(jing)濟(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)室(shi),以該室(shi)負責人(ren)的(de)(de)名義從事(shi)調查研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)和起草政(zheng)策(ce)文件的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)洪(hong)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)經(jing)濟(ji)委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)一(yi)(yi)干(gan)就(jiu)是(shi)十(shi)年(nian)(nian),他(ta)(ta)不(bu)但(dan)參加了(le)《工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)七(qi)十(shi)條》等重要文件的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)起草工(gong)(gong)(gong)作,而(er)且(qie)取得(de)了(le)重要學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術成就(jiu),出版發表了(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)問(wen)(wen)題》等學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術著作和一(yi)(yi)系列(lie)(lie)論文。1965年(nian)(nian)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)部第一(yi)(yi)設(she)計(ji)院(yuan)副(fu)院(yuan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),1970年(nian)(nian)夏北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)石(shi)油化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)區建(jian)(jian)設(she)指揮(hui)部副(fu)指揮(hui)(我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)第一(yi)(yi)個大型(xing)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)項目——30萬噸(dun)乙烯工(gong)(gong)(gong)程),1978年(nian)(nian)后,任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)會(hui)(hui)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)所(suo)所(suo)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、副(fu)院(yuan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)會(hui)(hui)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)院(yuan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)建(jian)(jian)委(wei)(wei)(wei)基本建(jian)(jian)設(she)經(jing)濟(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)所(suo)所(suo)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)副(fu)秘(mi)(mi)(mi)書(shu)(shu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)機(ji)械工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)副(fu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任(ren)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)計(ji)劃委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)和國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)經(jing)濟(ji)體制(zhi)改(gai)革委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)顧問(wen)(wen)。1985年(nian)(nian)至1993年(nian)(nian)任(ren)國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)經(jing)濟(ji)技術社(she)會(hui)(hui)發展(zhan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心總(zong)(zong)干(gan)事(shi)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)發展(zhan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任(ren),參與(yu)了(le)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央和國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)一(yi)(yi)些重大政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu),。1993年(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)起任(ren)國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)發展(zhan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心名譽(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)任(ren)。因病(bing)于(yu)2007年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)28日在(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)逝世,享年(nian)(nian)87歲。
《中國社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義工(gong)業化問題》、《經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)結構與經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)管理》、《試論我國社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發展(zhan)(zhan)的新戰略》、《中國經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)調整(zheng)改革與發展(zhan)(zhan)》、《社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義制度下的商(shang)品(pin)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)》、《中國經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發展(zhan)(zhan)新戰略》、《馬洪(hong)選(xuan)集》。主(zhu)(zhu)編《當代中國》叢書等(deng)。